牛津高中英语M9语法状语从句教案

第5讲:状语从句

学生姓名年级高三授课教师王老师备课时间

教学

状语从句

目标

重、难

考点

教学内容

状语从句

一、定义

在句中作状语的从句是状语从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导，

从属连词在句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，状语从句放在句首时，要用逗号，放在句尾时不

用。

二、分类

根据意义上的不同，状语从句可分为：①时间状语从句②地点状语从句③原因状语从句④目的状语

从句⑤条件状语从句⑥结果状语从句⑦让步状语从句⑧方式状语从句⑨比较状语从句

三、时间状语从句

(一)引导时间状语从句的连词有：as,when(whenever),before,after,assoonas,until(till),

since,everytime,once.

(二)、“as”as,when,while都有“当……的时候”，可以互用

Whenshewasachild.

Whileshewasachild.SheLivedinParis.

Asshewasachild.

as有“一边---一边”的意思

Hesangashewalked.

“when”

Whentheclockstrucktwelve,allthelightswentout.

Iwassleepingwhenshecamein.动补

Whenwearrivedatthestation,thetrainhadleft.

“while”主、从句动作或状态同时发生。用while引导的从句用延续性动词，常表示较长的时间

或一个过程。

Whilewewerehavingsupper,allthelightswentout.

Pleasekeepquietwhileothersarestudying.

WhileIwaswritingletterslastnight,hewaswatchingTV.

when,while并列连问。when和while都可用作并列连问，连接并列分句。When表示“就在...

的时候”，while意反而，可是，表示转折。OneeveningBeethovenwaswalkinginastreet,

whenhesuddenlystoppedoutsidealittlehouse.

并列连词引导并列句，意思是就在那时。

（三）、主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主句是过去将来时，从句用一般

过去时表示过去将来时，主句是一般过去时，从句用一般过去时。

1.r11callyouwhenIgetthere.

2.Theysaidtheywouldleavewhentheygotthenew.

3.Theyleftassoonastheygotthenew.

Whenever无论什么时候，随时

1.Wheneversomeonethrowsinsomerubbish,thetruckproducesapieceofmusic.

每当有人扔进一些垃圾时，它（汽车）就放一段音乐。

2.Wheneverwe'reintrouble,theywillhelpus.

3.Igotothetheatre,wheneverIamfree.

4.Comeandseemewheneveryouwantto.你随时来看我。

till和until（表示"直到……”）句首多用until

1、在肯定句中表示“直到……为止”，主句谓语动词要用延续性动词。

Iwaswaitinguntil/tillhearrived.

2、在否定句中表示“直到……才”主句谓语动词常用终止性动词，这时until和till常被before

替换。

Ididn，tleavetill/untilshecameback.

since:主句用完成时，从句用一般过去时，since引导的从句间或可用现在完成时。

ItistwoyearssinceIhavestudiedEnglish.

1.Wehaveknowneachothersincewewerechildren.

2.Wehavebeenfriends（eversince）sincewemetatschool.

3.Itis...（一段时间）+since+一般过去时态句子。

Itistwoyearssincemysistermarried.

...（一段时间）have/haspassedsince+一般过去时态句子

Twosistershave/haspassedsincemysistermarried.

Since+时间点

1.Ihavebeenathomesincethreeo'clockthisafternoon.

2.MariahasbeeninChinasincetwoyearsago.

*everytime,eachtime,nexttime

Everytimeyougetbackatnight,youdropyourbootsonthefloor.

EverytimeIcatchcold,Ihavepaininmyback.

（everytime分写不可以合写）比较everyday（adj）日常的，普通的

everyday是名词短语，每天，天天

NexttimeIgothere,Iwillvisitthem.

*once一旦…就

Onceyoubegin,youmustgoon.你一开了头，就应该继续下去。

四、地点状语从句

地点状语从句用where,wherever引导

Weshouldgowherethepeopleneedus.我们应该去人民需要我们的地方。

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。

Wherevertheywent,theyreceivedawormwelcome.

无论他们走到哪儿都受到热烈欢迎。

Shefollowhimwhosehegoes.他无论到哪里她总跟着。

五、原因状语从句

原因状语从句用because（因为），since（既然），as（由于）引导

1、字母由多到少，语气由强到弱。

2、由why提问必须用because回答。

Since,as不回答why的提问，而且从句一般放在句首，because一般放在主句之后。

3^beforeof+名词

Becauseoftherain,wedidn，tgotothepark.

4、because和so不可连用，只能选其一。（另有although,but）

Whydidn，thecometoschool?Becausehewasill.

SinceImustdie,Imust.既然我一定要死，我一定这样做。

Sincealotofpeoplemakemistakesinlife,MrSmithwantedtogiveJohnaChance.

5、for并列连词，不能放在句首，主要放在两个并列句之间。For所提供的理由为一个补充说明,

而且前面常有逗号隔开。

Thedaysweshort,foritisDecembernow.

*改错Becauseheisillisthereasonwhyhecan，tcome.（Because改为that）

六、目的状语从句

目的状语从句用so（常用于口语），that,sothat,inorderthat引导

目的状语从句的谓语常含有may,might,can,could,should,would等情态动词。

1.We，11sitnevertothefrontsowecanhearbetter.

2.Hestudiedhardsothathemightsucceed.他努力学习，以便成功。

3.r11speakslowlysothatyoucantakenotes.我慢慢讲,以便你们能做笔记。

4.Theyhurriedtothestationinorderthattheycouldcatchthetrain.

他们急忙赶往火车站，以便能赶上火车。

5.ItookataxisothatIcouldgetthereearlier.

6.rmgoingtothelectureearlysothatImaygetagoodseat.

我打算早些去听讲座，以便找个好座位。

七、条件状语从句

条件状语从句由if,unless,(so)aslongas(只需)引导

在条件状语从句中要用一般时表示将来时(与时间状语从句相同)

Wewillmissthetrainifyoudon，thurry.

Hesaidwewouldmissthetrainifwedidn，thurry.

Youwillfailtheexamunlessyoustudyhard,(ifyoudon，tstudyhard)

Hewon，tcomeunlessheisinvited,(ifheisn，tinvited)

Eatlessfoodunlessyouwanttobecomefatter,(ifyoudon，twanttobecomebetter)

Aslongasyouarenotafraidofdifficulties,youaresuretosucceed.

Aslongasyoudon，tloseheart,youwillsucceed.

八、结果状语从句

结果状语从句由such…that,so….that,sothat,that引导

1.such…that的常用句型

such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that

such+形容词+可数名词单数+that

Such+形容词+可数名词复数(不可数名词)+that

注意somany(much,few,little)+名词，suchalotof(或lotsof)+名词是惯用法，不可乱

用。

Sheissuchabeautifulgirlthatwealllikeher.

Theyweresuchbeautifulflowerthatweboughthome.

Itwassuchdeliciousfoodthattheyateitup.

2.so+形容词或副词+that

so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that

Heissorichthathecanbuylotofthingsforhimself.

Heworkssohardthathedideverythingwell.

Itwassohotadaythatweallwentswimming.

Itwassuchagooddaythatweallwentswimming.

3.sothat,that都可以引导结果状语从句

Hedidn，tstudyhard,(so)thathefailedtheexam.

4.too…to,enough-•*to可以引导结果状语从句与so…that替换，so…that结构可以用too…to

替换必须具备两个条件，一是主句和结果状语从句的主语必须一致，二是从句中的谓语部分必须含

有can(could)not.

Sheisyoungthatshecan，tgotoschool.

Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.

Sheisn，toldenoughtogotoschool.

九、让步状语从句

although,though

eventhough=evenif,whether…or

however=nomatterhow

whatever=nomatterwhat

whoever=nomatterwho

whenever=nomatterwhen

wherever=nomatterwhere

"although和though都表示“虽然”只是although更正式，多用于句首,而though用于句中，

二者都可与yet,still连用，但不与but连用

Although/Thoughtheyarepoor,theyoftenhelpothers.

Theyarepoor,buttheyoftenhelpothers.

Althoughhehasfailedmanytimes,hedoesn，tgiveuptrying.

Whatever/Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon，tbelieveyou.

Nomatterwhatyousay,Idon，tcare.

Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustobeytherulesofourschool.

Howeverhardhetried,hefailedagain.

Nomatterwhattheweatherislike,youcanalwaysfindsurfersoutridingthewaves.

十、方式状语从句

方式状语从句由as(如同，按照)，asif(though)引导

*as和like都有“像”的意思，as是连词，后面连接句子，like是介词后面可加名词、代词或名

词性短语。

Ididtheworkasothersdid.相当于Ididlikeothers.

YoumustdoasIdo.

asif(though)两者意义相同，从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气，但实现可能性较大，则用连接词。

Itseemsasif/thoughit'sgoingtorain.

Theyaretalkingasif/thoughtheywereoldfriends.

ShetreatsmeasifIwereherbrother.

Whenyouareinhome,doastheRomansdo.

例YoumustdoItoldyou.

A.afterB.beforeC.whereD.as(D)

Thestudentsmustdotheteachertoldthem.

A.asB.beforeC.afterD.if(A)

十一、比较状语从句

比较状语从句由as…as,notas(so)…as,than,the+比较级，the+比较级引导

Heswimsaswellasyou.(do)

Hedoesn，tswimaswellasyou(do).

Hegothereearlierthanyou.(did)

Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.

例题狂学

鞠嘲嘲

一：单项选择

1.Don'tbeafraidofaskingforhelpitisneeded.

A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.when

2.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners9curiosityhereachestheendofthestory.

A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until

3.Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.

A.EventhoughB.UnlessC.AslongasD.while

4Youwillsucceedintheendyougiveuphalfway.

A.evenifB.asthoughC.aslongasD.unless

5.“Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?^^“Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhimhebecame

oneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.^^

A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when

6.Isuggest,healwaysdisagrees.

A.HoweverB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Whoever

7.Youshouldputonthenoticesallthepeoplemayseethem.

A.whereB.inwhichC.atD.forthem

8.shegoes,therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.

A.WhereverB.HoweverC.WhicheverD.Whoever

9.Maryclappedherhandoverhermouthsherealizedwhatshehadsaid.

A.whileB.assoonasC.suddenlyD.then

10.________herfaults,she'sArnold'smother.Don'tbesorudetohe匚

A.WhateverB.WhatC.WhicheverD.Whenever

11.____you'regotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.

A.NowthatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.Assoonas

12.IthoughtshewastheverygirlthatIshouldmarry_______Imether.

A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime

13.Don'tplaybytheriver_______youfallinanddrown!

A.incaseB.sothatC.inorderthatD.when

14.Whydoyouwantanewjob____you'vegotsuchagoodonealready?

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

15.Heisbetterthan_______Ilastvisitedhim.

A.whenB.thatC.howD.which

1.选Dowhen意为“在（当）......时候:其余三项填入空格处，句意不通。

2.选D。until意为“直到”，句意为“一位优秀的故事讲述者必须能够让听众在故事结束前一直保持好奇心”。

3.选Coaslongas意为“只要”，全句意为“只要我知道这钱是安全的，我就不会担心了，类似地，下面一

题也选aslongas：

“Whatarcyougoingtodothisafternoon??'THprobablygoforawalklateronitstays

A.asfarasB.aslongas

C.evenifD.asif

4.选Dounless意为“如果不”、“除非”，用以引导一个条件状语从句。

5.选Co考查not...until...句式，其意为“直到……才……

6.选B。whatever引导的是让步状语从句，相当于nomatterwhat。注意不能选A,因为suggest是及物动

词，它应带自己的宾语，而however不能用作宾语。

7.选A。where指“在……的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句。

8.选A,wherever意为“无论什么地方

9.选Bo根据语境可推知。如下面一题也选assoonas：

hebecamerichhecastasideallhisoldfriendswhogavehimsomehelp.

A.WhileB.Assoonas

C.SuddenlyD.Then

10.选A。whateverherfaults为让步状语从句，句末省略了谓语动词are«

11.选Aonowthat为连词，用以引导原因状语从句，其意为“既然"，与since同义。其中的mightaswell

意为“不妨”。全句意为“既然你得到一个机会，你不妨充分利用它工

12.选C。thefirsttime在此用作连词，用以引导状语从句。句意为“我第一次见到她就认为她很诚实”。

13.选C。incase意为"以防

14.选Dowhen不表示“当……的时候”，而表示“既然”，相当于since,用以引导原因状语从句。全句意为:

你既然已经有了这么好的工作，干吗还要找新的工作呢？请再两例：

Ican'ttellyouwhenyouwon'tlisten.既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。

Whyusewoodwhenyoucanuseplastic?既然能用塑料，为什么还要用木料？

15.选A。than后省略了hewas,假若补充完整，全句即为HeisbetterthanhewaswhenIlastvisitedhim.

练习狂练

二.完形填空

Thirty-six-year-oldBobBlackisaworkaholic.Heisalwayssittingathisdeskand_21—throughhis

paperwork.Bob___22___wakesupaboutfiveminutesbeforehisalarmclock___23___.Assoonashe

hearsmyalarmclock,hewilljumpoutofhisbed.It_24___himlessthanfifteenminutestowash,get

___25_,havebreakfast,leavehomeandgetonabus.Bobisalwaysthefirstperson_26___theoffice.

Themorningsarealwaysverybusyandtheafternoonsareeven__27—!Meetingsandphonecalls

—28___alargepartoftheday.Everyminuteofthedayis_29___urgentmatters.By_30___eight

o'clock,Bobusuallyfindssometimetodohisownpaperworkand_31___someofhispersonale-mails.

WhenBobgetshomeataboutten,hewilllookatsomedocumentsthathebringsbackfromtheofTice

—32—hecanbereadyforthenext_33___work.Bobgetstobedaroundmidnight_34—hiswifeand

childrenarealready_35__.Bob_36_hastimeforfunandotheractivitieswithhisfamily.Hisfamily

—37___aboutit.Buthetriestoworkhardsothathecan_38—moremoneyforhisfamily._39___,

Bobwillget_40___ifthere5snothingtodo.Helikesbeingbusy.

21.A.workingB.workC.worksD.worked

22.A.unfortunatelyB.friendlyC.normallyD.finally

23.A.switchonB.goesoffC.switchoffD.turnover

24.A.tookB.spendC.spentD.takes

25.A.changeB.changingC.tochangeD.changed

26.A.togettoB.gettoC.getstoD.gettingto

27.A.busyB.relaxingC.busierD.relaxed

28.A.takeoverB.takeupC.takeoffD.takeout

29.A.filledwithB.filledofC.fullwithD.fulledof

30.A.atB.aroundC.fromD.in

31.A.tellB.makeC.callD.answer

32.A.inorderB.inordertoC.sothatD.soasto

33.A.dayB.daysC.days'sD.day's

34.A.whenB.whileC.becauseD.since

35.A.sleepB.asleepC.wakeD.awake

36.A.seldomB.everC.oftenD.few

37.A.complainsB.comesC.talksD.thinks

38.A.payB.makeC.takeD.cost

39.A.BesideB.HoweverC.LuckilyD.Besides

40.A.excitingB.boringC.boredD.excited

三.阅读理解

Ifwewereaskedexactlywhatweweredoingayearago,weshouldprobablyhavetosaythatwe

couldnotrememberButifwehadkeptabookandhadwritteninitanaccountofwhatwedideachday,

weshouldbeabletogiveananswertothequestion.

ItisthesameinhistoryManythingshavebeenforgottenbecausewedonothaveanywritten

accountofthemSometimesmendidkeeparecordofthemostimportanthappeningsintheircountry,but

oftenitwasdestroyedbyfireorinawar.Sometimestherewasneveranywrittenrecordatallbecausethe

peopleofthattimeandplacedidnotknowhowtoWrite.Forexample,weknowagooddealaboutthe

peoplewholivedinChina4,000yearsago,becausetheycouldwriteandleavewrittenrecordsforthose

wholivedafterthem.Butweknowalmostnothingaboutthepeoplewholivedeven200yearsagoin

centralAfrica,becausetheyhadnotlearnedtowrite.

Sometimes,ofcourse,evenifthepeoplecannotwrite,theymayknowsomethingofthepast.They

haveheardaboutitfromolderpeople,andoftensongsanddancesandstorieshavebeenmadeaboutthe

mostimportanthappenings,andthesehavebeensungandactedandtoldformanygenerationsFormost

peopleareproudtotellwhattheirfathersdidinthepast.ThiswemaycallRememberedhistory9.Some

ofithasnowbeenwrittendown.Itisnotsoexactorsovaluabletousaswrittenhistoryis,becausewords

aremuchmoreeasilychangedwhenusedagainandagaininspeechthanwhencopiedinwriting.But

wheretherearenowrittenrecords,suchspokenstoriesareoftenveryhelpful.

Passage3

当我们被问起准确的说书一年之前的这个时候我们正在做什么，我们可能不得不承认记不得了。但

是，如果我们有个册子，上面记录了每天我们做过什么的话，这个问题就不难给出答案了。

对于历史的记录也是如此。许多事情由于没有任何书面的记录而被人遗忘。有时也有人会对于他们

国家发生的重要事件进行记录，但是这些记录往往毁于火灾或者战乱。有时也因为那个地方或那个

时代的人不会写字，而根本不会有书面记录的存在。譬如说，因为中国4千年前的古人会写字而且

给后人留下了很多文献,所以我们对那个时代的中国人十分了解;但是对于甚至2百年前的中非人，

由于他们不会写字，而使我们对其几乎一无所知。

当然了，有的时候就算人们不会写字，对于过去的历史也会多少有些了解。也许是从老一辈的那里

听说的，或者从一些由重大事件编出的歌曲和舞蹈中了解的——这些传说和歌舞是从很多辈人流传

下来的。很多人都喜欢夸耀他们的父辈在过去的丰功伟绩，我们把这个叫做“rememberedhistory"

(记忆中的历史)。现在一些记忆中的历史己经变成了文字而保留了下来。由于反复经过口头传送

的历史远比书面记录的历史变化大，这种历史不如书面历史那么精确和有价值。但是，在没有书面

历史存在的时候，这种口头流传的故事就很有帮助了。

41.Whichofthefollowingideasisnotsuggestedinthepassage?(D)

A.”Rememberedhistory”,comparedwithwrittenhistory,islessreliable

B.Writtenrecordsofthepastplaythemostimportantroleinourlearningofthehumanhistory.

C.AwrittenaccountofourdailyactivitieshelpsUStobeabletoanswermanyquestions.

D.Wheretherearenowrittenrecords,thereisnohistory.

42.WeknowverylittleaboutthecentralAfrica200yearsagobecauseD

A.therewasnothingworthbeingwrittendownatthattime

B.thepeoplethereignoredtheimportanceofkeepingarecord

C.thewrittenrecordswereperhapsdestroyedbyafire

D.thepeopletheredidnotknowhowtowrite

43."Rememberedhistory^refersto_D_.

A.historybasedonaperson'simagination

B.storiesofimportanthappeningspasseddownfrommouthtomouth

C.songsanddancesaboutthemostimportantevents

D.bothBandC

44."Rememberedhistory^isregardedasvaluableonlywhenB.

A.itiswrittendownB.nowrittenaccountisavailable

C.itprovestobetimeD.peopleareinterestedinit

45.Thepassagesuggeststhatwecouldhavelearnedmuchmoreaboutourpastthanwe

donowiftheancientpeoplehadA

A.keptawrittenrecordofeverypasteventB.notburnttheirwrittenrecordsinwars

C.toldexactstoriesofthemostimportanthappeningsD.mademoresongsanddances

Treesareusefultomaninthreeveryimportantways：theyprovidehimwoodandotherproducts；they

givehimshade；andtheyhelptopreventdrought（干旱）andfloods.

Unfortunately,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotrealizedthatthethirdoftheseservicesisthe

mostimportant.Inhiseagernesstodrawquickprofitfromthetrees,hehascutthemdowninlarge

numbers

Twothousandyearsago,arichandpowerfulcountrycutdownitstreestobuildwarships,withwhich

togainitselfanempireItgainedtheempirebut,withoutitstrees,itssoilbecamebareandpoor.Whenthe

empirefelltopieces,thecountryfounditselffacedbyfloodsandstarvation.

Evenwhereagovernmentrealizestheimportanceofaplentifulsupplyoftrees,itisdifficult

sometimestomakethepeoplerealizethis.Theycutdownthetreesbutaretoocarelesstoplantandlook

afternewtreesSo,unlessthegovernmenthasagoodsystemofcontrol,orcaneducatethepeople,the

forestsslowlydisappear

Thisdoesnotonlymeanthattherewillbefewertrees.Theresultsareevenmoreserious：forwhere

therearetrees,theirrootsbreakthesoilup,allowingtheraintosinkin,andalsobindthesoil.This

preventsthesoilfrombeingwashedaway.Butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgi*oundand

flowsawayonthesurfece,andthiscausesfloodsandtheraincarriesawaytherichtopsoilinwhichcrops

growWhenallthetopsoilisgone,nothingremainsbutworthlessdesert.

Passage3

树木对于人来说有3个重要益处：树木给人类提供木材和其他产物；树木可以让人们乘凉；树木可

有效地防止旱涝灾害。

可惜的是，在世界上许多地方，人类没有认识到以上三个作用中，第三个是最重要的。人们急切于

从树木上快速的谋取利益，于是大量的砍伐森林。

两千年之前，有一个富裕和强大的国家。为了建立帝国，砍倒了树木来造战舰。帝国建立了，但是,

没有树木的土地变得荒芜和贫瘠。当帝国四分五裂的时候,整个国家发觉自己面临的是水灾和饥荒。

就算在政府认识到足够的树木储备的重要性时，有时却很难让人民也意识到这点。人们砍倒了树木，

却疏于种植和照料树苗。因此，除非政府建立一套体制来控制或者教育人们，否则森林就会渐渐消

失。

森林的消失不仅仅意味着树木的减少，还有更严重的后果。在有树的地方，树根不仅把土壤粉碎成

小块，便于雨水的渗入，还可以牢牢的抓住泥土，防止泥土被冲刷走。但是在没有书的地方，雨水

直接落在坚硬的地面，在土地表面流走。这不仅会导致洪水，雨水还会带走庄稼赖于生长的肥沃的

表层土。当所有的表层土被冲走之后，除了毫无价值的沙漠之外，什么也没有了。

41.Treesareusefultomanmainlyinthreeways,themostimportantofwhichisthattheycanD

A.keephimfromthehotsunshineB.enablehimtobuildwarships

C.makehimdrawquickprofitfromthemD.protecthimfromdroughtsandfloods

42.IfsagreatpitythatC

A.manisonlyinterestedinbuildingempiresB.maniseagertoprofitfromtrees

C.manhasn'trealizedtheimportanceoftreestohimD.manhasn'tfoundoutthathehaslostalltrees

43.SoonerorlatertheforestswilldisappearC

A.unlessacountryhasaplentysupplyoftreesB.unlesspeoplestopcuttingdowntheirtrees

C-unlessallpeoplearetaughttheimportanceofplantingtrees

D.unlessthegovernmentpunishesthosewhocuttreesinsteadofplantingthem

44.Theword"bind”inParagraph5means"C"

A.towashawayB.tomakewetC.tomakestayt