山西省忻州一中等四校新高考适应性考试英语试卷及答案解析

山西省忻州一中等四校新高考适应性考试英语试卷请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．People________withanyonewhoisalwaystalkingabouthowwonderfulheis.A．fallin B．keepcompany C．catchup D．getfedup2．—Whichdoyouprefer,theformeroptionorthelatterone?—Ithinktheformeroneisnobetterthanthelatterone.SoI’llchoose________.A．theformeroneB．thelatteroneC．eitherofthemD．neitherofthem3．LastDecemberChina_____100Chineseand10foreignersfortheiroutstandingcontributionstothecountry’sreformandopening-up.A．distinguishedB．sponsoredC．acknowledgedD．evaluated4．I’lltaketheblueone.Thisistwentydollars.Here’sthechange..A．Bestwishes B．MypleasureC．Haveaniceday D．Let’scallitaday5．Ilikesuchhouseswithbeautifulgardensinfront,butIdon’thaveenoughmoneytobuy.A．it B．one C．that D．this6．Lifeteachesusnottoregretoveryesterday,forit________andisbeyondourcontrol.A．passed B．willpassC．haspassed D．hadpassed7．—SometimesIamevensleepyinclass.—It’sterrible.You_____aswellgotobedearlier.A．should B．willC．might D．can8．--Itshouldn’ttakelongtoclearupafterthepartyifweallvolunteertohelp．That’sright．_____________．A．Manyhandsmakelightwork B．SomethingisbetterthannothingC．Themorethemerrier D．Thesoonerbegin,thesoonerdone9．Neverinmylife________suchabeautifulsunrise!A．haveIseenB．IhaveseenC．didIseeD．Isaw10．Experienceisahardteacherbecauseshe________thetestfirst,thelessonafterwards.A．givesB．hasgivenC．wasgivingD．wouldgive11．—It’ssohumidthesedays!—Don’tworry!Therain________tostopfromtomorrow.A．willexpectB．expectsC．willbeexpectedD．isexpected12．—Astudysuggestsreducingenergydemandinthefuturemay________urbanareas.—That’strue.Citiesneedmoreenergythansmalltownsorotherruralareas.A．catchonB．actonC．hangonD．centeron13．FortheChinesedream______atanearlierdate,wemustacceleratethepaceofreformandopeningup.A．beingrealized B．torealizeC．realizing D．toberealized14．Ifyoueveraren’tsurewhetheryouhaveboughttheverybestsmartphone,just_________“goodenough.”A．makeforB．settleforC．answerforD．accountfor15．Manythoughtthatafterstarringintheimmenselypopulardrama，NirvanainFire，HuGewould________andactivelyseeknewroles．A．makeamountainoutofamolehillB．havetoomanyironsinthefireC．strikewhiletheironishotD．putthecartbeforethehorse16．Wesellalotofproductsoffshoreandtheopportunitytoopenupmarketsinregions________wedon'tcurrentlysellalottoisagreatone.A．where B．thatC．what D．when17．InthevirtuallaboratoryenvironmentcreatedintheVRapp,studentscan________aparticularexperimentbeforedoingtheminareallab.A．revealB．reserveC．previewD．provide18．Don’tworry,Mum.Thedoctorsaiditwasonlytheflu.__________!I’lltelldadthere’snothingserious.A．CongratulationsB．WhatareliefC．HowsurprisingD．I’msosorry19．—Howdoyoufindyournewclassmate?—Oh,sheisreally________ofamusician,whocannotonlysingverybeautifully,butalsocomposeskillfully.A．something B．somebodyC．everything D．everybody20．—Whathasmadehiminsuchhighspiritsrecently?—_____byhisteacherforsucceedingpassingtheexam.A．BeingpraisedB．PraisedC．HavingpraisedD．Topraise第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）AppleannounceditsnewiPhoneslastweek,butcompetitors’mobilephonescandomanyofthesamethingsforlessmoney.ThenewiPhone8andXhavewirelesscharging,edge-to-edgeglassscreenanddoublecameras.ButallofthesefeaturesarealreadyavailableinsmartphonesfromChina’sHuaweiandOppo,andKorea’sSamsung.WhileAppleasksbuyerstopay$1,000foritshigh-endmodel,someAsianphonemakerscanoffersimilarfeaturesforless.Atonetime,Chinesemanufacturerscopiedfeaturesanddesignsfromotherstoproducelow-costphones.Buttheyhavenowaddedhigh-endfeaturestotheirphonesandtheycontrolnearlyhalftheglobalmobilephonemarket.MediaMarktSaturnisEurope’sbiggestelectronicsseller.AspokespersonforthestoretoldReutersthat,“HuaweiisseenasarelevantcompetitortoAppleandSamsungbycoveringallmajorpricepointsandplacingbiginvestmentsinmarketingandsales.’’ShealsosaidthattheChinesecompaniesHuawei,ZTE,LenovoandTCLwereamongthetop-10best-sellingsmartphonesinitsstores.Chinesemanufacturers’fastgrowthhasbeenfueledbystrongsalesinChina.Buttheynowexport40percentoftheirsmartphones.Thatisalmostdoublethenumberfromjustthreeyearsago,accordingtotheHongKonginvestmentcompanyCLSA．Huaweiiscurrentlytheworld’sthirdlargestphonemakerbehindSamsungandApple.AccordingtoresearchcompanyCanalys,theChinesecompanyisgettingclosertosecond-placeAppleandmightovertakeitlaterthisyear.Huaweiplanstoshowitstop-of-the-lineMate10phoneonOct.16.Thephonewillhaveartificialintelligencefeaturessuchasinstanttranslationandimagerecognitionandwillcostlessthan$1,000.OtherChinesecompaniesarelookingtoenterthehigh-endsmartphonemarket.1、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Smartphone’smanufacturers.B．Applesmartphone’sfeatures.C．Asianphonemakers’fastgrowth.D．CompetitionamongAsianphonemakers.2、WhichisNOTamongthetop3phonemakersintheworld?A．TCL.B．Samsung.C．Apple.D．Huawei.3、Whatdoweknowfromthetext?A．HueweiwillhaveovertakenApplebylater2017.B．Chinesemakers’phoneswithhigh-endfeaturescostless.C．Thetop-10smartphonesaretoenterthehigh-endcompetition.D．40percentofAsiansmartphonesareexportednow.4、Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsAsianphonemakers?A．Doubtful.B．Concerned.C．Optimistic.D．Uncertain.22．（8分）TheCoca-ColaCompanyannouncedithadaddedanewalcoholicbeveragetoitsportfolioonlyintheJapanesemarket.Thelow-alcoholdrink,orChu-Hi,isawatereddownmixtureoftheShouchuspiritplusflavoring.Thisisn'tthefirsttimeCoca-Colahasexperiencedwithflavorsandtastes.Notallflavorsaresuccessful,buttheuniqueflavorsdeservearoundofapplause.Herearefiveotherunusualcocacolaproductsthatwerereleased.BeverlyIntroducedin1969,BeverlywasanItalianaperitif,designedtobeconsumedbeforemealsandbelievedtoaiddigestion.CompetitorslikeCampariandSanPellegrinoledtoitsdiscontinuationin2009.OKSodaThisproductwasstartedtocapturetheGenerationXmarketin1993.OKSodacanshadgrim-lookingillustrationsinitsadcampaignthatrespondedtotheideathatGenerationXwascynicalanddisillusioned.Itssloganwas"ThingsaregoingtobeOK"anditevenhaditsownmanifesto(宣言).Itwasdiscontinuedin1995.Coca-ColaBlakCoffeeinsoda?Coca-Colahaddevelopedthisrecipefortwoyearsandfinallyreleasedthecarbonatedcoffeedrinkin2006.Ithopeditwouldtapintothepremiumcoffeemarkets,butjustoneyearlaterBlakwasdiscontinued.NewCokeIn1985,the99-year-oldcompanydecideditwasscrappingitsclassicCoca-ColarecipeforasweeterversiontocompetewithPepsi.Inblindtastetests,peoplegenerallypreferredthenewrecipecomparedtotheold.Butthreemonthsaftermakingtheswitch,thecompanyannouncedthereturnoftheclassicCoca-Cola.Coca-ColaPlusAftermorethanadecadeofresearchanddevelopment,Coca-ColastarteditsfirsteversodaapprovedbytheFOSHUfoodstandard.Theno-calorieandno-sugardrinkcontainsfiberthatwillhelpreducefatabsorptionandhelpmoderatebloodsugarlevels.1、Whichofthefollowingcanhelpmakefatabsorptionless?A．OKSoda. B．Coca-ColaBlak.C．Coca-ColaPlus. D．NewCoke.2、Whichofthefollowinglastedlongest?A．Beverly. B．OKSoda.C．Coca-ColaBlak. D．NewCoke.3、Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．It'sthefirsttimeCoca-Colahasexperiencedwithflavors.B．Coca-ColaPlusisano-calorieandno-sugardrink.C．AllflavorsbyCoca-ColaCompanyarenotsuccessful.D．Therearemanysucc.essful'productsinCoca-ColaCompany.23．（8分）ThesearchengineGooglecelebratedonThursdaythe110thbirthdayofthefirstNativeAmericanwomanengineer.GooglehonoredMaryRosswithaspecialGoogleDoodleonitshomepage.RosswasbornonAugust9，1908，inthestateofOklahoma.Shewasthegreat-granddaughterofJohnRoss，thelongest—servingchiefoftheCherokeeNation.Herworkisconsideredimportanttotheearlystagesoftheageofspacetravel.Rossshowedspecialabilitiesinmathandsciencefromanearlyage.Asastudent，shedevelopedaninterestinaviation，orthepracticeofflyingaircraft.Shewentontoearnamaster’sdegreeinmathematicsfromColoradoStateTeachersCollege，nowcalledtheUniversityofNorthernColorado.DuringWorldWarII，RossbeganworkingfortheLockheedAircraftCorporationasamathematician.SheearnedaspecialcertificationinthefieldfromtheUniversityofCaliforniain1949.RosswaslaterchosentojoinLockheed’stop—secretSkunkWorksteamthatworkedonaircraftdesigns.Thenamereferstoagroupthatispermittedtoworkindependentlyonadvancedprojects.Shewastheonlyfemaleengineeramongtheteam’s40members.Earlyon，sheresearcheddefensesystems.Bythelate1950s，herworkcenteredonsatellitesandaseriesofspacerocketscalledAgenda.Therocketswereextremelyimportantinthe1960sduringtheApollomoonprogram.Rossalsohelpeddevelopearlydesignideasforspacetravelbetweenplanets，includingflybyspaceflightstostudyVenusandMars.RossretiredfromLockheedin1973.ButshecontinuedtogivetalksathighschoolsandcollegestoencouragemorewomenandNativeAmericanstostudyengineering.Shediedin2008，afewmonthsbeforeher100thbirthday.ManycelebratedRoss’lifeonsocialmedia.TwitteruserAaronPerez，forexample，wrote:“MaryRosswasanengineerwhopioneeredinthefieldofsatellites.Ineverwouldhaveknownifitwasn’tforthedoodle.Womenengineersdeservemorerecognition.”1、WhydidGooglecelebrateMaryRoss’110thbirthday?A．Sheinventedanewflyingaircraft.B．Shehadbeenagreatdesignerever.C．Shecontributedalottospacetravel.D．Shegotamaster’sdegreeinmathematics.2、WhatdidMaryRossdointhemiddleof20thcentury?A．SheworkedonAgenda.B．Shegavetalksathighschools.C．Shehelpedwomenstudyengineering.D．SheplannedtheApollomoonprogram.3、WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMaryRoss?A．Caringandcautious. B．Talentedandcreative.C．Generousandpatient. D．Courageousandoptimistic.4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Socialmediaisverypopularintheworld.B．EveryTwitteruserthinkshighlyofMaryRoss.C．Moreattentionshouldbepaidtowomenengineers.D．Manhasmadegreaterprogressinspacetechnology.24．（8分）Pushyparentsandteacherswho"hothouse"theunder-5sriskcausingdamagetothechildren'slong-termdevelopment,aleadingeducationexpertsaid.LilianKatz,ProfessorofEducationattheUniversityofIllinois,toldthatfour-year-oldsengagedinreadingandwritingwentontoperformworseacademicallythanthose,engagedinimaginativelearning.Theyscoredhigherintestsattheageof5,butchildrenwhosefirstyearatschoolwasstimulating(使人兴奋的)outstrippedthemyearslater.Thefindingssuggestthatthegovernment'sstructuredapproachtoearly-yearslearningcouldbestoringupproblemsforchildren.Theyalsoraiseseriousquestionsabouttheplanforallchildrentobeabletoreadbytheageof6.Inmanycountriesformalteachingdoesnotstartuntilchildrenare6or7andhaveimprovedtheirsocialandmanualskills.Childrenstartlearningtoreadandwriteat6intheUnitedStates,FranceandGermany,andat7inFinlandandSweden.ProfessorKatzsaidthatinmanyschoolsthecourseswere“boringchildrentotears”.MuchacademicteachingrequiredIchildrentolearnbymemorizingpiecesofinformationoutofcontext,shesaid.Teachinginreceptionclassshouldinsteadallowchildrentodeveloptheirintellectbyexploringtheirenvironmentsandaskingquestions."Researchsuggeststhebenefitsofformalacademicinstructionforfourandfive-year-oldsseemtobepromisingwhentheyaretestedearly,butconsiderablylesssointhelongterm.Whenthesechildrenarefollowedoveraperiodofthreeormoreyears,thosewhohadearlyexperienceinmoreintellectuallyengagingcurriculaweremorelikelytodowellinschoolthantheirpeers,whohadreceivedearlyacademicinstruction."Sheadvocatesteachingchildrenthroughfirst-handexperienceandplay,inmixed-agedclasses.Thiscanincludepuppetshows,drawingorrunningapretendshopintheclassroom.1、Accordingtothepassage,thosewho"hothouse"theunder-5swouldprobably______.A．preferalotofinteractionandstimulationwhileteachingB．teachinalivelywaytomotivatekids'interestC．pushthekidstomemorizepiecesofinformationD．careaboutthekids'physicaldevelopment2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"outstripped"inParagraph2mean?A．didbetterthanB．lookeddownuponC．caughtupwithD．performedworsethan3、Themessagetheauthorwantstodeliverthroughthepassageisthatformalteaching______.A．canstartatdifferenttimesindifferentcountriesB．shouldnotbestartedtooearlyC．isbestcarriedoutinFinlandandSwedenD．shouldincludeteachingchildrensocialandmanualskills4、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheopinionofLilianKatz?A．Childrenshouldbetaughtthroughfirst-handexperience.B．Learninginamixed-ageclassisgoodforchildren.C．Runningashopcanhelpchildrengetgoodmarks.D．Puppetshowsanddrawingareusefulwaysinteachingchildren.25．（10分）WHERETOGOINAUGUST?InEuropeAugustistheheightofthepeakseason!MillionsofholidaymakersfromaroundtheworldinvadethebeachesandcountrysideofSouthernEurope.Theclimateisgreatfortravelforjustaboutthewholeofthecontinentwithjustafewareasaffectedbyextremeheat.ThenorthofEuropeislovelyduringthismonthandsummeristheidealtimetovisitthosecountriesthataregenerallyconsideredalittlecoldanddampsuchasIreland,ScotlandorHolland.InAsiaThisseasonisconsideredtheleastfavourable.Themonsoon(季风)seasonisatitsheightoverthemajorityofthisareawiththeexceptionofonlyafewcountries(KeralaorTamilNaduinIndia,BaliandthesouthernislandsofIndonesia,etc.)Everywhereelseishot,andverydampclimateprevails(盛行).InAfricaTheMaghrebcountriesarecrowdedwithtourists.Theclimateishotanddry.TheAtlanticcoastofMoroccoispleasantthankstotheoceaninfluence.Furthertothesouthitistherainyseasonanditisonlyalongthelatitude(纬度)ofKenyaandTanzaniathattheclimatebecomesfavourabletovisitors.InAmericaThenorthisgenerallyhotanddry(sometimesextremelyhotinthedesertstowardsthewestoftheUSA).CentralAmericaexperiencesashortrainyseasonatthistimebuttowardsthesouththeconditionsaremorefavourable.Tobeavoided:AlthoughJulyandAugustarefavourabletotravel“climatically”speaking,itisoftennotsopleasantwhenitcomestoquietnessandprices.ThevastmajoritiesofEuropeancountrieshavetheirmainholidaysduringthisperiodsothehotelsaregenerallycrowdedandthepriceshighforthemajorityofdestinations.156、WhichpartmaybethelastchoicefortravellinginAugust?A．Asia. B．Africa.C．SouthernEurope. D．SouthernAmerica.1、Besidesclimate,__________cancontributetoyourdisappointmentwhentravelling.A．hotelprices B．peacefulenvironmentC．transportationexpenses D．troublesomeholidaymakers2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“invade”inthepart“inEurope”mean?A．Immigrationto. B．Visitseparately.C．Enterinlargenumbers. D．Attackandoccupy.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）完形填空（共20小题；每小题l分，满分20分）WhenAndraRushstartedhertruckingcompany,allshehadwasanoldvan，twousedpick-uptrucksandthesimplecertaintyofa23-year-oldgirl.Butsheplannedtomakeherfortuneinaboutfouryearsto36hertruegoal:dealingwithpovertyonNativeAmericanreservationsacrossNorthAmerica."IthoughtIcouldretirebythetimeIwas27,"saysRush,"Atthatage,youdon'tknow37youdon'tknow."Rushis49nowand38workinghard.Hertinystart-upjustoutsideDetroithas39toa$400millionNorthAmericanbusiness.TodayRushisa(an)40notonlyforNativeAmericansbutalsoforwomeninthemale-controlledworldoftrucking.Rushwas4130milesoutsideDetroit.WhentheteenageRushvisitedthereservationforthefirsttime,shewas42bythepovertyandlackofhope."Ireallywantedto43"shesays.ShegraduatedfromtheUniversityofMichiganin1982.Shetookanursingjobwitha44payandthenpracticedatanairgoodscompany,45thespeedofpackagepickupsanddeliveriesmadealittlemorealittlemoreprofits."IthoughtIcoulddothat46,"Rushsays.Withinsixmonths,Rushhadtenemployees,andclients(客户)47FordandGMwerepayingherto48smallpackagesfromtheairport.Fordwasthefirsttoofferherajobtruckingpartsbetweenitsplantsandsupplier.By2001,manyofRush's1,000employeeswereNativeAmericans,workingalongsidepeopleofevery49Butshefeltshehadn'tdoneenough.50shejoinedforceswithaCanadianpartsmakertodesignandgatherautocomponents.Shelocatedtheplantsnearreservations,51opportunitieswheretheywereneededmost.By2009,herautopartsbusinesswasearning$370million52.She'scomealongwayfromthe5323-year-oldwhothought"thecashwouldjustrollin."ButRushwouldn'tchangeathing:"Ilovemyjob,"shesays."I54thefactthatyoucanstarttogetsomemotivationandkeep55yourself—andthensuddenlyyouliftyourheadandit'sbeen25years"2289、A．make B．accomplish C．receive D．arrive1、A．what B．which C．why D．who2、A．so B．somehow C．still D．anyhow3、A．grown B．become C．got D．gone4、A．ablehousewife B．ordinarywoman C．rolemodel D．truckdriver5、A．brought B．lived C．risen D．raised6、A．moved B．interested C．struck D．encouraged7、Ahaveaninfluence B．makeadifference C．setanexample D．makeadecision8、A．low B．high C．cheap D．expensive9、A．which B．that C．when D．where10、A．well B．badly C．worse D．better11、A．like B．besides C．for D．except12、A．take B．fetch C．bring D．lift13、A．education B．family C．background D．city14、A．Because B．For C．But D．So15、A．seizing B．creating C．grasping D．losing16、.A．incase B．inturn C．inreturn D．inneed17、A．inexperienced B．experienced C．expert D．skilled18、A．enjoy B．hate C．doubt D．refuse19、A．fighting B．forcing C．challenging D．amusing第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）在空白处填1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Currently，bothwomenandmen1．(surround)bymagazinesandwebsitesfulloftipsaboutdieting，exerciseandfashion.Gonearethedays2．allmenhadtothinkaboutwearinganicesuittobesmartandhandsome.Thingshavechanged.Now，asurveyhassuggestedthat80%ofmenadmit3．(be)unhappyabouttheirbody.Thebiggestbodyissuesfor4．(they)werebeerbelliesandlackofmuscles.Somethinkitisbecause5．thepressureofinfluenceofrolemodelsweseeonTVandinmagazines.Peopleendupwithaperceptionof6．theperfectbodyshouldlooklike.ButnoteverybodywantstoputintheefforttohaveperfectmuscleslikeArnoldSchwarzenegger.Anopportunisticdesignerhaseveninventedamuscle­enhancingshirt7．(make)thebuyerlookmoreofastrongman．ButJoeWarner，theformereditorofMen’sFitnessmagazine，thinksthemuscle­enhancingshirtisjust8．trick.Hethinksmanypeopleinthecountryareoverweightandshouldaccepttheyneedtodomoreexercise9．(regular)．Exerciseisalwaysgood.Butwemustn’tforgetbeautyisonlyskindeep.Characteris10．(important)thanappearance.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Inrecentyearsgreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinmyhometown、Tenyearsbefore,thesmallandlowhousesthatlieonthenorthofthelakeproducedmuchwaste、Astheresult,thelakewasseriouslypolluted、Tothewestwasasandyfield,whatwasthesourceofdust、Evenworst,abrickyardonthesouthwestofthelakeusedagreatdealgoodsoil、Nowthepoorhouseshavebeenreplacedbygreentreesbutthebrickyardbytallbuildings、Thesandyfieldthevillagersusedtodugandturnoveriscoveredwithfruittrees、Tourist