吉林省长春市19中高三3月份第一次模拟考试新高考英语试卷及答案解析

吉林省长春市19中高三3月份第一次模拟考试新高考英语试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Amythisanaccountofthedeedsofagodorsupernaturalbeings,usuallyexpressedintermsof______thought.A．primary B．capital C．initial D．primitive2．TheMid-AutumnFestivalis________specialholidayformostChinesewhen________wholefamilywillgettogether.A．the;the B．a;the C．a;a D．the;a3．________theconcerttoraisemoneyforhungerreliefandtomakethepublicawareoftheproblem,Geldofinvitedmanyfamousmusicianstotakepartinit.A．Intended B．Intending C．Havingintended D．Tointend4．ClassTwo,ourclassbecametheBasketballChampionofourschool.A．Beating B．tobeat C．Beatenby D．Havingbeaten5．－prlfessor,doyouhavesomethingatthismoment?－No,thanks.I'llcallyouifthereisany.A．typing B．typed C．totype D．tobetyped6．---Mr.Johnsonhasbeenchosenasthemanagerofthesalesdepartment.---___________hewassoexcitedthismorning.A．Nochance B．NowayC．Notpossible D．Nowonder7．---Hi,Johnson,anyideawhereSusanis?---Itisclasstime,soshe__________intheclassroomnow.A．canbe B．musthavebeenC．mighthavebeen D．shouldbe8．Bythetimeherealizesthemistakehe________，itwillbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.A．hasmade B．made C．makes D．willmake9．Tobeanexpert,abeginnerneedstogothroughaseriesof_____stages.A．intermediateB．liberalC．overallD．demanding10．Frommypointofview,there’slittlechancethatwewillbesuccessfulintryingtochangethepresentsituation.________,itisimportantthatwetryourbest.A．Meanwhile B．OtherwiseC．Therefore D．Nevertheless11．—Iwonderwhythethinnestplasticsbags,though________,arestillinusehere.—Well,it’snoeasyjobtosolvethisproblemeffectively.A．banning B．banned C．toban D．havingbanned12．Ladiesandgentlemen,onbehalfofourgovernment,I'dliketo________asincerewelcomeandheartfeltgratitude.A．exploitB．exposeC．expandD．extend13．Afghansusedtoholdbigweddings,costingthousandsofdollars,inacounty_____theaverageannualincomeislessthan$400.A．whichB．whoseC．whereD．what14．Don’tletthechildwhois________gotoschool．A．soyoungasto B．notoldenoughto C．notoldenough D．tooyoungto15．Duringtheeconomiccrisis,weshouldhelpthosefor______lifeisfarfromeasy．A．whom B．whose C．who D．whoever16．—YourcarshouldbereadynextTuesday．—Wewere________hopingyou'dbeabletodoitbythisFriday．A．still B．rather C．always D．even17．Thehouse______Iliveinisverysmall.A．thatB．whomC．whenD．what18．AftertheargumentColinranawayand______since.A．Isn’theardof B．wasn’theardofC．hasn’tbeenheardof D．hadn’tbeenheardof19．Ifyoucandowhatyou’reweakest______,youcanhandleanychallenge.A．forB．atC．withD．to20．Inordertosatisfytheneedsofthemarket,theelectriccompanyhas______itsfocustotabletcomputersandsmartmobilephones.A．switched B．shapedC．directed D．discovered第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Anyonecantrytoleadagroup,butnoteveryindividualiscutoutforleadership.Thebetterleaderspossessafewqualitiesthatcanmeanthedifferencebetweenthesuccessandfailureofthegroup.Thesearethequalitiestheleaderofhigherrankwilllookforwhenchoosingaleaderforagroup,orwhenevaluatingtheperformanceofaleader.They'realsothequalitiesteammemberswantinagroupleader,andappreciatewhentheyfindthem.TakeResponsibilityGroupleadersmightsharetasksaroundagroupasnecessary,buteventuallyagroupleaderneedstobeabletoacceptthatresponsibilityliesonhisshoulders.Thatmeansthatifthingsgowronginagroupproject,he’stheonewhomustaccepttheconsequencesandworkoutwhatmistakesaremade.Thegroupleaderwon'talwayshavethepowertocontroleverythinggroupmembersdo,butheshouldbereadytoadmitanymistakesthegrouphasmadeasaresultofhisleadershipConcernforMembersThegroupleaderhasacommitmenttothetaskorprojectathand,butperhapsmoreimportantly,hehasarealconcernforeachandeverypersonwhoispartofhisgroup.Thismeansgettingtoknowthestrengths,weaknessesandgoalsofteammembers,aswellasmakingtimetobuildthegroupthroughcollectiveactivities.Thegroupleadershouldmakesurethateveryoneisincluded,evenifanindividualisnewtoagroup.GoodListenerThegroupleaderneedstobeabletolistentothesuggestions,complaintsandideasofgroupmembers.Notonlywillthisallowcomplaintstobeaddressedandpotentiallysuitableideastobeputintopractice,butaleaderwholistenswillalsoencouragegroupmemberstosharetheirconcernsandthoughts,creatinganatmosphereoffreespeechandproductivity.1、Thepassageismainlyabout____________.A．choosingagoodleaderforagroup.B．assessingtheperformanceofaleader.C．teammembers’appreciationofaleader.D．qualitiesofagoodgroupleader.2、Agoodleadershouldalwaysbeableto_______.A．tellwhenthingsgowronginagroupproject.B．recognizeanymistakesashisown.C．makegroupmembersadmittheirmistakes.D．controleverythinggroupmembersdo.3、Accordingto“Concernsformembers”,whichofthefollowingisagoodqualityofaleader?A．fairB．reliableC．determinedD．generous4、Whichofthefollowingisnotabenefitofthegroupleaderbeingagoodlistener?A．OfferingachanceforgroupmemberstoexpressthemselvesfreelyB．Makingitpossibletodealwithgroupmembers’complaints.C．Allowingtheleadertoputhisideasintopractice.D．Makinggroupmembersproductivebysharingtheirthoughts.22．（8分）“OneofthereasonIfindthistopicveryinterestingisbecausemymomwasasmokerwhenIwasyounger,”saysLindson-Hawley,whostudiestobaccoandhealthattheUniversityofOxford.Bystudyingabout700adultsmokers,shefoundoutthatmomquittherightway-bystoppingabruptlyandcompletely.InherStudy,participantswererandomly(随机地)assignedtotwogroups.Onehadtoquitabruptlyonagivenday,goingfromaboutapackadaytozero.Theothercutdowngraduallyoverthecourseoftwoweeks.Peopleinbothgroupsusednicotinereplacement,likegumorspray.Theyalsohadtalktherapy(疗法)withanursebeforeandafterquitday.Sixmonthslater,morepeoplewhohadquitabruptlyhadstuckwithit--morethanone-fifthofthem,comparedtoaboutone-seventhintheothergroup.Althoughthesenumbersappearlow,itismuchhigherthanifpeopletrywithoutsupport.Andthequitrateswereparticularlyconvincinggiventhatbeforethestudystarted,mostofthepeoplehadsaidthey’drathercutdowngraduallybeforequitting.“Ifyou’retrainingforamarathon,youwouldn’texpecttoturnupandjustbeabletorunit.AndIthinkpeopleseethatforsmokingaswell.Theythink,‘Well,ifIgraduallyreduce,it’slikepractice,’”saysLindson-Hawley.Butthatwasn’tthecase.Insteadofgivingpeoplepractice,thegradualreductionlikelygavethemaddictionandwithdrawalsymptoms(脱瘾症状)beforetheyevenreachedtheday,whichcouldbewhyfewerpeopleinthatgroupactuallymadeittothatpoint.“Regardlessofyourstatedpreference,ifyou’rereadytoquit,quittingabruptlyismoreeffective,”saysDr.GabrielaFerreira.“Whenyoucanquoteaspecificnumberlikeafifthofthepatientswereabletoquit,that’sacceptable.Itgivesthemtheencouragement,Ithink,toreallygoforit,”Ferreirasays.Peoplerarelymanagetoquitthefirsttimetheytry.Butatleast,shesays,theycanmaximizetheoddsofsuccess.1、WhatdoseLindson-Hawleysayabouthermother?A．Shequitsmokingwithherdaughter’shelpB．ShewasalsoaresearcheroftobaccoandhealthC．ShestudiedthesmokingpatternsofadultsmokersD．Shesucceededinquittingsmokingabruptly2、WhatkindofsupportdidsmokersreceivetoquitsmokinginLindson-Hawley’sstudy?A．TheyweregivenphysicaltrainingB．TheywereofferednicotinereplacementC．TheywereencouragedbypsychologistD．Theywerelookedafterbyphysicians3、HowdoesDr.GabrielaFerreiraviewtheresultofLindson-Hawley’sexperiment?A．ItisencouragingB．ItisunexpectedC．ItisimpracticalD．Itismisleading4、Taketheideaof“amarathon”(Para.5)asanexampletoshowthatquittingsmoking.A．issomethingfewcanaccomplishB．requiresalotofpatienceC．needssomepracticefirstD．isachallengeatthebeginning23．（8分）阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项ThereisalargepercentageofAsianpeopleintheUS.They’rehardworking,respectfulbutstrangesometimes.Ifyoudon’tunderstandtheculture,youwillgetsomeproblemswiththem.Asianpeoplearedifferentfromanyotherculturesifyouthinkyouknowthem,youmightwanttothinkagain.Howaretheydifferent?WhenitcomestomostAsianculture,respectiseverything.Youcandoanythingyouwantbutdon'tdisrespectanAsianman.Youwillgetsomerealconsequencesafterwardandespeciallyifheisyourboss.It’ssomethingcalledfacesavingintheAsianculture.It’sridiculoussometimesbutit’stheirculture.Sometimestheirculturecancomeinbetweentheirrelationshipatwork.Asianpeoplemightexpectalotofrespectfromtheirco-workerswhentheirco-workersjustseethemasanequal.AmericansareverydifferentfromAsianpeople.Ifyou’reAsian,youmightwanttounderstandtheAmericancultureandevenadapttotheircultureifyouworkwiththem.Itwillbeeasierforyousinceyou’reintheircountries.ImagineanAmericanworkinginChina,expectingChineseco-workerstogetalongwithhimwhenhecriticizesthemstraightoutoneverysinglematterinfrontofeveryone.Ithinktheywilltakehimoutsideandtakecareofhim.Itjustdoesn’tworkthatwaywithAsianpeople.Ifyou’reanAmericanbossgivingyourAsianemployeeareview,youwillseethattheywillhaveaproblemwithyournegativeremarks.Theywillthinkthatyoudon’tlikethem,disrespectful,andwanttogetridofthem;wheninfact,you’rejustdoingyourjob.Youjustencouragethemtodotheirworkbetter.Ofcourse,it’snotfairforyouasanAmericanbossbutjustexpectthatitcanbesomethingthatisonyourAsianemployee’smind.1、TheAmericanscan’tgetalongwellwiththeAsiansprobablybecause______.A．theirculturesaredifferentB．theydon’tlikeeachotherC．bothofthemaretooproudD．theyhavedifferentpoliticalviews2、Theunderlinedphrase“facesaving”inParagraph2probablymeans_____.A．savingsomemoneyforlateruseB．makingfacestopleaseyourbossC．showingsomerespecttosomebodyD．helpingsomebodyoutoftrouble3、Fromthethirdparagraphwecanknowthatitisdifficult_________.A．fortheAsianstoacceptthecultureinAmericaB．fortheAmericanstoadapttothecultureinChinaC．forpeopletolearnthecultureinaforeigncountryD．forpeopletofollowthecultureintheirowncountry4、ThenegativeremarksanAmericanbossgivesonyourworkprobablymeanhe/she_____A．doesn’tlikeyouanylongerB．thinksyouarenotworthrespectingC．doesn’tthinkyouaresuitableforthejobD．wantsyoutoimproveyourwork24．（8分）AblogpostedDec

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PMbyAlannaMallonAlannaMallonisaCambridgeCityCouncilor.EachyearinNovember,IreceiveaflurryofemailsandtextsfromfriendswhowanttovolunteerwiththeirfamiliesonThanksgivingasawaytogiveback.IalsofieldphonecallsfromorganizationswhowanttodonatetolocalprogramsthatprovideThanksgivingmeals.However,asanofficialwhostillworksinthenonprofitsector,IalsofeeldeeplyanxiousbecauseIknowtheother51weeksoftheyear,thesecriticalprogramsthatprovidefoodaccesstoresidentsinneedarestarvingforbothvolunteersanddonations.Hungerisayearroundproblem,andeachweekvolunteersarethenecessaryparttoensurethatprogramsareabletoservethecommunity.AtFoodForFree,werelyonabout100volunteersperweek,andeachofthosevolunteersisextremelyimportanttoprovidingfresh,healthyfoodtopeopleintheGreaterBostonareawhoneedit.SchoolchildrenwhotakebackpacksoffoodhomeonFridays,communitycollegestudentswhorelyonourFamilyMealsprogramtothriveinclass,elderlyanddisabledresidentswhoreceivetwicemonthlydeliveriesoffoodtotheirdoorsthroughourHomeDeliveryprogram,—theyallrelyonusensuringenoughvolunteersshowuptodothework.Thesevolunteersdon’tshowupinyoursocialmediafeeds,theydon’twinawardsandnoonewritesabouttheminthelocalnewspapers.Buttheyareheroes.Andyoucanbetoo.Ifeveryonemadeapromisetovolunteeronceamonth,orevenonceaquarter,Iknowthatwecouldreducesomeoftheanxietytheseorganizationsfeel,asamorereliablevolunteernetworkallowsthemtofocusonhelpingpeople,notfillingvolunteerslots.HereisalistofafeworganizationswhoaredoingcriticalworkinCambridgetoaddressfoodinsecurity.Offeryourtimetoanorganization,theywillbedeeplygrateful—andIamgoingtobetthatyouwillfeelprettygoodaboutyourselftoo.FoodForFree:

/volunteer.CEOC:

/food-pantry.HarvardSquareHomelessShelter:

/volunteer.CommunityCooks:

/join-us.MargaretFullerNeighborhoodHouse:

223、Whatcanbelearntfromthefirsttwoparagraphs？A．Thefoodsafetyworriestheauthor.B．Volunteersareneededallyearround.C．DonationscanbemadethroughtheInternet.D．PeoplelikegettingtogetheronThanksgiving.1、Paragraph3ismainlyabout________.A．theneedforfreshfood B．thedutyofFoodForFreeC．thevalueofvoluntarywork D．thedifficultlifeoflocalpeople2、Thepassageisto________.A．callforaction B．expressthanksC．advertiseprograms D．introducewebsites25．（10分）Who'sincontrolofyourlife?Who'spullingyourstrings?Forthemajorityofus,it'sotherpeople-society,colleagues,friends,familyorourcommunity.Welearnedthiswayofoperatingwhenwewereveryyoung,ofcourse.Wewerebrainwashed.Wediscoveredthatfeelingimportantandfeelingacceptedwasaniceexperienceandsowelearnedtodoeverythingwecouldtomakeotherpeoplelikeus.AsOscarWildeputsit,"Mostpeopleareotherpeople.Theirthoughtsaresomeoneelse'sopinions,theirlivesamimicry,theirpassionsaquotation."Sowhenpeopletellushowwonderfulweare,itmakesusfeelgood.Welongforthisgoodfeelinglikeadrug-weareaddictedtoitandseekitoutwhereverwecan.Therefore,wearesoeagerfortheapprovalofothersthatweliveunhappyandlimitedlives,failingtodothethingswereallywantto.Justasdrugaddictsandalcoholicsliveworsenedlivestokeepgettingtheirfix(成瘾物)weworsenourownexistencetogetourownconstantfixofapproval.But,justaswithanydrug.thereisapricetopay.Thepriceoftheapprovaldrugisfreedom-thefreedomtobeourselves.Thetruthisthatwecannotcontrolwhatotherpeoplethink.Peoplehavetheirownagenda,andtheycomewiththeirownbaggageand,intheend,they'remoreinterestedinthemselvesthaninyou.Furthermore,ifwetrytolivebytheopinionsofothers,wewillbuildourlifeonsinkingsand.Everyonehasadifferentwayofthinking,andpeoplechangetheiropinionsallthetime.Thepersonwhotriestopleaseeveryonewillonlyendupgettingexhausted(tired)andprobablypleasingnooneintheprocess.Sohowcanwetakebackcontrol?Ithinkthere'sonlyoneway-makeaconsciousdecisiontostopcaringwhatotherpeoplethink.Weshouldguideourselvesbymeansofasetofvalues-notvaluesimposedfromtheoutsidebyothers.butinnatevalueswhichcomefromwithin.Ifwearedrivenbythesevaluesandnotbythechangingopinionsandvaluesystemsofothers.wewillliveamoreauthentic,effective,purposefulandhappylife.1、WhatOscarWildesaysimpliesthat.A．mostpeoplehaveavarietyofthoughtsB．wehavethoughtssimilartothoseofothersC．otherpeople'sthoughtsaremoreimportantD．mostpeople'sthoughtsareaffectedbyothers2、Whatdoestheauthortrytoargueinthethirdparagraph?A．Thepriceoftakingthedrugisfreedom.B．Wemayloseourselvestowintheapprovalofothers.C．Weneedtopayforwhatwewanttoget.D．Changingopinionsmaycostusourfreedom.3、Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.A．it'sbettertofollowothers'opinionsB．it'simportanttoacceptothers'commentsC．weshouldn'tchangeourowndecisionD．weshouldn'tcaretoomuchwhatothersthink4、Theauthortriestopersuadethereaderstoaccepthisargumentsmainlyby.A．discussingquestions B．makingsuggestionsC．analyzingcausesandeffects D．providingexamplesandfacts第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）“Now,”Mrs.VirginiaDeViewsaid,smiling,“wearegoingtodiscoverourprofessions.”Theclassseemedtobegreatlysurprised.Ourprofessions?Wewereonly13and14yearsold!Theteachermustbe.“Yes,youwillallbesearchingforyourfuture.Eachofyouwillhavetosomeoneinyourfield,plusgiveanoralreport.”Eachdayinherclass,VirginiaDeViewremindedusaboutthis.Finally,Ipickedprintjournalism.ThisIhadtogotointerviewatrue-bluenewspaperreporter.Iwasextremelynervous.Isatdowninfrontofhimabletospeak.Helookedatmeandsaid,“Didyoubringapencilorpen?”Ishookmyhead.“Howaboutsome?”Ishookmyheadagain.Finally,IthoughtherealizedIwas,andIgotmyfirstbigtipasa.“Never,nevergoanywherewithoutapenandpaper.Youneverknowwhatyou’llruninto.”Afterafewdays,Igavemyoralreporttotallyfrommemoryinclass.IgotanAontheentireproject.Yearslater,Iwasincollegelookingaroundforanewcareer,butwithnosuccess.ThenIVirginiaDeViewandmydesireat13tobeajournalist.AndIcalledmyparents.Theydidn’tme.TheyjustremindedmehowcompetitivethefieldwasandallmylifeIhadrunawayfromcompetition.Thiswastrue.Butjournalismdidsomethingtome:itwasinmyblood.Itgavemethefreedomtogouptototalstrangersandaskwhatwas.Forthepast12years,I’vehadthemostsatisfyingreportingcareer,storiesfrommurderstoairplanecrashesandchoosingmystrongestarea.WhenIwenttopickupmyphoneoneday,anincrediblewaveofmemorieshitmeandIrealizedthathaditnotbeenforVirginiaDeView,Iwouldnotbesittingatthatdesk.Iwasallthetime:“Howdidyoupickjournalism?”“Well,yousee,therewasthisteacher…”Ialwaysstartout.IjustwishIcouldthankher.1、A．good B．mad C．carelessD．curious2、A．universities B．familiesC．professionsD．lives3、A．interview B．please C．admireD．respect4、A．expressed B．orderedC．expectedD．meant5、A．hardly B．nearly C．naturallyD．eagerly6、A．drink B．newspapersC．preparations D．paper7、A．satisfied B．comfortableC．terrifiedD．sorry8、A．studentB．journalistC．teacherD．writer9、A．calledB．recognizedC．remembered D．visited10、A．answer B．promiseC．stopD．persuade11、A．how B．whetherC．whyD．when12、A．breakingin B．gettingdown C．fallingoffD．goingon13、A．making B．retellingC．coveringD．writing14、A．certainly B．finally C．doubtfullyD．completely15、A．hurt B．excitedC．disappointedD．asked第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）TwonewsatellitesofBeiDouNavigation(导航)SatelliteSystem(BDS)1．(send)intospaceonaLongMarch-3DcarrierrocketfromtheXichangSatelliteLaunchCenterinSichuanProvince,Chinaat2:07a.m.onNovember19,2018.ThesatellitesenteredaMediumEarthorbit(轨道)2．(safe)morethanthreehourslaterandwillworkwith17otherBDS-3satellitesalreadyinspace.Theyarealsothe42ndand43rd3．(member)oftheBDSsatellitefamily.Chinalaunchedthesesatelliteswiththeaimofprovidingnavigationservices4．countriesandregionswhichparticipateintheBeltandRoadProposalbytheendof2018.“Thisisakeyand5．(value)stepforBDSdevelopingfromaChineseexperimentalsystemtoaregionalandthenaglobalnavigationsystem,”saidYangChangfeng,chiefexpert6．contributedmuchtotheBeiDousystem.Thepositioning7．(accurate)oftheBDS-3systemhasbeenimprovedto2.5metersto5meters,saidYang.8．(name)aftertheChinesetermfortheBigDipper,theBeiDousystemhasbeenservingChinafor18yearswhereanothersixBDS-3satelliteswillbeputintotheMediumEarthorbitfrom2019to2020.Thesystemisexpected9．(provide)first-classservicesaround10．globebytheendof2020.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。ThreeyearsagoIfailedanimportantexaminmylifeandbecameastudentataordinaryschool、AlthoughIfeltdisappointedattheshabbycampusandmypoorly-equippedclassr