2024中考英语试题研究 第二部分 重难题型专练 题型五 补全短文（含答案）

2024中考英语试题研究第二部分重难题型专练题型五补全短文话题一事物介绍（10年8考）Passage1(2023定心卷)1题Thankstoaseriesofprotectionmeasures,nowtheDabry'ssturgeon(达布里鲟鱼)canbeseenintheYangtzeRiver.1.________ItisalsoknownastheYangtzesturgeonanditisnamedafteritshome,theupperYangtzeRiver.Ithadlostitsnaturalabilitytogivebirthsince2000becauseofoverfishingandwaterpollution.OverfishingwasonceaseriouschallengethatkilledtheYangtzesturgeonandotherrarefishesintheYangtzeRiver.2题Toprotectthesefishes,Chinasettledafullfishingban(禁令)in332areasoftheYangtzeRiverinJanuary2020.2.________3题Surprisingly,manyfishermenhavenowbecometheprotectorsoffishintheYangtzeRiver.3.________ZhangSong,oneofthem,hadmadealivingbyfishingsince2000andlaterhevolunteeredtobecomeamemberofthefishprotectionteaminWanzhouandhestartedtofightagainstillegal(非法的)fishingactivitiesalongtheYangtzeRiver.“4.________4题IwanttomaketheYangtzeRiveragoodplaceforfishtolive，”Zhangsaid.TheYangtzeRiverProtectionLawcameintoforceonMarch1,2021.5题IthelpsprotectfishintheYangtzeRiver.5.________Withthislaw,Zhang'sworkissupportedandbecomeseasier.【语篇研读】What：介绍了在国家政策和法律的帮助下，长江鱼类的生存环境得到了改善。Why：引导学生热爱大自然，培养学生保护环境的意识。How：①文体特征：说明文。②语言特点：在描述达布里鲟鱼的现状时运用了“lost”，“overfishing”，“waterpollution”，“aseriouschallenge”，“killed”等带有感情色彩的词，使读者意识到保护环境的紧迫感和重要性。A.Itisverydifficulttodotheworkwell,butImusttaketheresponsibility.B.Fromnowon,thefishhaveagoodenvironmenttolive.C.Ayearlater,onJan.1,2021,aten­yearfishingbantookeffect.D.What'smore,ithelpsreducethewaterpollutionoftheYangtzeRiver.E.Theymakefulluseoftheirknowledgeaboutfishtoprotectthem.F.TheDabry'ssturgeonisanendangeredfishunderChina'sfirst­classnationalprotection.Passage2Youalmostmakedecisionseveryday,soit'simportanttoimproveyourdecision­makingskills.1.________Collectinformationaboutthesituation.Understandthefactors(因素)intheproblemorsituation.2题Thinkaboutwhatimportantinformationisneededtomakeawisedecision.Avoidmakingadecisionbasedontoolittleinformation.2.________Forexample,ifyou'replanningforwhattodo,youshouldthinkaboutyourinterests,schoolperformancesandfamilyfirst.3.________3题Sometimesthosearebigdecisionsthatrequiremorethoughts,andcarefulexamination.Don'thurrytomakeadecisionbeforeyou'reready.Forexample,yourfriendsinviteyouforatripthisweekend,butyouhavepromisedyourfamilytodohousework.Makesuretogiveyourselftimetorememberyourotherresponsibilitiesbeforeyousay“yes”．4题Planforthepossibilityofproblems.4.________Beingpreparedforthepossibleproblemswillmakeyoulessstressed.Whileproblemsmaynothappen,it'sbettertoconsiderthemaheadoftime.Andyoucanfeelmoreconfidentwhenthingsdon'tgoasplanned.5题Talkwithyourtrustedfriendsorfamilyonthematter.Ifyouhavetroublemakingadecision,talkwithyourtrustedfriendsandfamily.5.________5题Remembertochoosepeoplewhohaveofferedhelpfuladviceinthepast.【语篇研读】What：介绍了如何更好地做完美决定的四种方法。Why：鼓励学生独立做出决断，培养学生随机应变、未雨绸缪的能力。How：①文体特征：说明文。②写作手法：文章第一段开门见山引出文章主题即做决定；下文每段以祈使句开头，一一列举做出完美决定的方法。A.Giveyourselftimetomakeadecision.B.Askothersforhelpwhenyoucan'tmakeadecision.C.Putthemostimportantinformationinthefirstplace.D.Herearefourtipstohelpyoumakedecisionsbetter.E.Makeaplaninplacesothatyouarenottakenbysurprise.F.Thinkcarefullyabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofwhattheysay.Passage3外文素材改编自THEWEEKJunior创设鲜活人物Howtocreateimaginativeandinterestingcharacters(人物)inyourwriting?1题Thesecretistodescribeanddevelopthemsothatyourcharacterscantakecentrestage.1.________Herearefourtoptipsthatwillmakeyourcharacterscomealiveandkeepreaders'attention.2.________2题Acharacter'snamecangiveyourreadersclues(线索)aboutit.Itcancommunicatewiththeperiodsinhistorythatyourcharactercomefrom.Itcantellyourreaderswheretheycomefromandpaintapictureoftheirpersonalities.3题Whathappenswhenyoubreakthestereotypes(刻板印象)?3.________Sowhynotaddsomedifferentthings?Yourcharactercouldbeapersonwhocan'tspeakclearlyorabirdwithnofeet.Alittlesurprisewillmakeyourcharactershine.Thinkingaboutthewayyourcharactermovesordoeseverydaythingscangiveyourreaderasenseoftheirpersonalities.4题Usingverbsandadverbswillhelpyourreadersunderstandyourcharacter.Forexample,insteadofwriting“went”，youcouldwrite“swaggered(昂首阔步)”todescribehowtheywalked.4.________Maybeyourcharacteralways4题“speaksnervously”，“walkscarefully”or“criesloudly”.Everyonelovesreadingaboutcharacterswhoareinterestingandspecial.5题Forexample,theycanspeaktwelvedifferentlanguages.Theyalwaysdrinktheirtea.5.________Don'tforgettoincludeyourcharacter'sweakness,whichwillmakeyourcharactermoreliketherestofus.【语篇研读】What：介绍了如何在写作中创造出富有想象力且有趣的人物的四个技巧。Why：提高学生的写作技巧，激发学生的创造力。How：①文体特征：说明文。②写作手法：文章开头使用疑问句引入本文的主题，吸引了读者的兴趣；此外，文章还运用了举例子的说明方法，如“Forexample,insteadof...howtheywalked.”，举例说明描述人物的动作的技巧，向学生提供可操作方法的同时，使文章内容更加详实。A.Theyaregoodatplayingchess.B.Theycanalsobringwonderfulstoriestoyourlife.C.Namingyourcharacterisreallyimportant.D.Itcanmakeyourcharactermuchmoreinteresting.E.However,thiscanmakeyoubecomeagoodperson.F.Adverbsareanotherwaytoshowhowyourcharacterdoesthings.Passage4Technologyisdevelopingatasurprisingspeed.Productsthatwereinventedyearsagoarenowbecomingverycommon.1题Andthedevelopingspeedoftechnologyisfasterthanbefore.1.________2题Weusedtoturnonamachinebyhand,butnowvoicerecognition(识别)ischangingusers'experienceandourdailylife.2.________Anditcandoasyoutellittodo.Besides,smartphonescanalsomakeourvoicecallsmucheasierandfaster.3.________YoucansellproductsontheInternetandgetmoneyfromthebankdirectlyifyouuseonlinemarketingautomation(自动)programs.Youcanresearchthemarket,knowaboutyourcompetitorsandlearnabouttechnologies.3题Andsuchtechnologicalchangesinbusinesswillhelpyoucutdownyourproductioncost,soyouwillmakemoremoney.What'smore,Idon'tthinkyouhavetostoreyourpersonalandbusinessinformationonyourharddrive(硬盘驱动器),pendriveorDVDs.4题Youcanupload(上传)ittocloudsandvisititanywhereandanytime.4.________Theinformationisstoredintheclouds,whichyoucanuseanytimeandanywhere.5题Moreandmoretechnologieswillappear.5.________Bytheway,withthedevelopmentofallkindsoftechnologies,wewillmeetsometroublesatthesametime.Itisimportanttoprotectourinformation.Wecanenjoytheconvenienceoftechnology.Butweshouldalsoavoidthedisadvantagesoftechnology.【语篇研读】What：介绍了现代科学技术发展对人们生活及工作产生的影响。Why：引导学生意识到科技发展的迅速，关注科技创新，意识到“科技是一把双刃剑”。How：①文体特征：说明文。②语言特点：文章注重对科技发展的评价和思考，如“Newtechnologiesaremakingdifferencestoourlifeandwork.”，“Itisimportanttoprotectourinformation.”等，增强了文章的可读性。A.Andourlifewillchangealongwiththem.B.Wejustneedtospeaktothemachinefacetoface.C.Butwemustpayattentiontotheinformation'ssafety.D.Technologyhasalsochangedourdailybusinessactivities.E.Youdon'thavetospendtimestoringitonyourcomputer.F.Newtechnologiesaremakingdifferencestoourlifeandwork.Passage5AgrowingnumberofpeopleinChinachoosetospendtheirsparetimeatlesser­knownplaces.That'scalled“reversetourism(逆向旅游)”.1题Inotherwords,manypeopleavoidedpopularholidayplacestoenjoysomepeacefulandquietplaces.1.________2题AccordingtoapieceofinformationreportedinNov.2022,thenumberofroomsbookedathotelsinless­traveledcitiesduringtheNationalDaywasup30percentcomparedwiththesameperiodoflastyear.2.________Itmadepeoplesurprised.3题Besidescrowds,sometouristsprefertovisitless­traveledplacestosaveonthecostoftripsratherthanvisitpopularplaces.3.________What'smore,populartouristplacesarealwayscrowdedandoftenraisetheirpricesduringholidays.4.________4题Attracted(吸引)bythepicturesorvideosofthecitiesontheInternet,morepeoplegotothelesspopularcitiestotravel.Infact,lesser­knownplacesarenotas“commercial(商业化)”asdevelopedonesandareabletooffermorerealexperiences,naturalmeetsandmoresurprises.5题Theriseofreversetourismisnotabadthing.Itmeansthattouristsnowhavemorechoices.5.________Moreimportantly,theriseissettoforcepopularplacestoimprovethemselves.【语篇研读】What：介绍了人们选择“逆向旅游”的原因及其带来的好处。Why：引导学生了解多样化的旅游方式，丰富旅游体验。How：①文体特征：说明文。②语言特点：文章通过使用“enjoysomepeacefulandquietplaces,realexperiences,naturalmeets,moresurprises”等词组，鼓励读者尝试逆向旅游，享受更真实、更有意义的旅游。A.Afterall,touristswanttogetawayfromthebusycitylife.B.Anditalsobringsmorepossibilitiestothetourismmarket.C.Moreandmorepeoplemaychoosetheirfavoriteplacestotravel.D.Thosefamousplacesoftenneedexpensivetickets,mealsandhotelstays.E.Moreover,astheInternetdevelops,somelesspopularcitiesareknowntopeople.F.Bookingsforfour­starandfive­starhotelsinless­traveledplacesallincreasedatleast10times.Passage6Woodblockprinting(雕版印刷)wasoncepopularintheprintinghistory.1.________1题TheinventiondependsontheearlycopytechnologyduringtheTangDynasty.Thestepsofwoodblockprintingaredividedintothreeparts:engraving(雕刻),inkmaking,andbookbinding(装订).First,chooseapieceofsmoothwoodenboardandengravethetextonthewoodblock.Engraveeverywordandleavealittlespace.Second,printoutthetext.Puttheengravedboardwithink,thenputthepaperonthesurfaceoftheboard.2.________2题Thetextwill“jumpontothepaper”.Thethirdstepisbookbinding.Peopleturnitintoabookthroughcollectingtheprintedpaper.3题Atpresent,theearliestblock­printedthingthatcanbeseenistheblock­printedDiamondSutra(《金刚经》)intheTangDynasty.3.________Theprintingprocessisverywonderful.Thewoodblockprintinghasmanyadvantages,soitquicklytooktheplaceofhand­copying.Itsbiggestadvantageisthatawoodblockcanbeusedagainforprinting.Alsoitrequireslesstowork.4题Andithelpspeopletosavemoretime.Ithasbroughtmanychanges.4.________What'smore,itwasausefultooltopushtheculturedevelopmentforward.5题TheancientChinesecultureisengravedthroughthisskill.5.________5题Italsopushesfortheuseofpapermoney,makingtheexchangeforgoodsfasterandeasier.【语篇研读】What：介绍了雕版印刷的制作步骤、发展历程、优点及历史意义。Why：增强学生对中国古代伟大发明的认识，增强文化认同，坚定文化自信。How：①文体特征：说明文。②写作手法：文章以时间顺序展开，先介绍了雕版印刷的历史起源，然后详细介绍了制作过程，最后阐述了雕版印刷的优点和对文化发展的影响；此外，文章还采用了举例的方式，通过介绍唐代的《金刚经》来说明雕版印刷的历史和制作过程。A.Andputthehandoverthebackofthepaper.B.ItshistorycandatebacktotheTangDynasty.C.Woodblockprintinghasbecomepopularsincethen.D.ItwasfoundinDunhuangandwasprintedin868AD.E.Somanystoriesareprintedintobooksandhavewidelyspread.F.Theuseofwoodblockprintingwashelpfultoincreasethenumberofbooks.话题二生活百科Passage7ImaginethatyouhavejustsatdowntowatchyourfavoriteTVshow.Youhavedecidedtositcross­legged.Anhourortwohourslater,youtrystandingup,butyourlegsdon'twork.1.________1题Then,yougetpinsandneedles(针刺般的疼痛)inbothlegs.Whatjusthappened?2.________2题Everytimeyouwanttomoveyourlegs,yourbraintalkstoyourlegsthroughsomenerves(神经).Whenyousitcross­leggedforawhile,therewillbesomepressure(压力)onthesenerves.3.________3题Soyourbraindoesn'tknowwhatyourlegsarefeelingoriftheyaremoving.That'swhyitfeelsasifyourlegshave“fallenasleep”whenyoutrytostandupatfirst.Whenyoustarttomoveyourlegssuddenly,thepressurewillcomeoutfromyournerves.Yournervesstarttowork.4题Yourlegswill“wakeup”andyou'llfeelthesenseofpinsandneedles.4.________Allyouhavetodoisjustwaiting.5题Youcanshakearoundthelegstohelpyourbloodgetflowingagain.5.________Lettingthenervesge