高考英语写作功能词“阻碍”表达详解+清单

高考英语写作功能词“阻碍”表达详解一、主要英语对应词及其用法结构1.动词(hinder,block,impede,cramp,resist,retard,trammel,obstruct,baffle,thwart,hamper,arrest,suffocate;handicap)①hinder阻碍;阻止tohindersb./sth.fromsth./doingsth.阻挠或耽搁某人做某事/某事物的进展tohindersb.(fromworking)妨碍某人(工作)tohindersb.inhiswork阻挠某人的工作tohinderthedevelopmentoftheproductiveforces阻碍生产力的发展Helpout;don'thinder.(帮帮忙，不要碍事。)②block阻碍,障碍toblockthetraffic阻碍交通③impede阻碍;妨碍toimpedenormalstaterelations阻碍正常的国家关系toimpedethedevelopmentoftheproject阻碍工程进度④cramp阻碍;束缚tocrampsb.'sprogress/energy阻碍某人的进步/能力⑤resist阻碍toresisttechnicalinnovation阻碍技术革新⑥retard阻止,妨碍toretardsb.'sprogress/thedevelopmentofagriculture/plantgrowth阻碍某人的进步/农业的发展/植物的生长⑦obstruct阻碍;阻挡toobstructthepoliceinthecourseoftheirduty阻碍警方执行公务2.名词(hindrance,block,impediment,resistance,retard,obstruction,obstacle,barrier,bottleneck,obstructionism,handicap)△Somekitchengadgetsaremoreofahindrancethanahelp.(有些灵巧的炊具非但没有用处反而碍事。)△Thegovernment'sstubbornattitudewasablocktofurthertalks.(政府的僵硬态度是进一步会谈的障碍。)△Themainimpedimenttogrowthwasalackofcapital.(影响发展的主要障碍是缺少资本。)△Thefirmhastoovercomeitsresistancetonewtechnology.(这家公司必须克服对采取新技术的阻力。)Theideametwithsomeresistance.(这种意见受到某种抵制。)△tobeinretard受到阻碍的△Ignoranceisanobstructiontoprogress.(无知是进步的障碍。)tocauseobstructiontotraffic妨碍交通withoutmeetinganyobstruction未遇到任何障碍△tocreateobstacles/toerectbarriers(tosth.)(为…)制造障碍(ofsth.)topresentanobstacleto...(某事物)构成对…的障碍tocircumventtheobstacle避开障碍toclearawayobstaclesto...清除对…的障碍tothrowobstaclesinsb.'sway妨碍某人△Thegovernmentweredefeatedbytheobstructionismoftheiropponents.(政府受到反对派的阻挠而挫败。)△Poorhealthmaybeabarriertosuccess.(健康不佳可能成为取得成功的障碍。)3.形容词(resistant,obstructive,off-putting)△toberesistanttochange抗拒变革△Academiesmaybesaidtobeobstructivetoinventivegenius.(学院可以说对发明的天才能起阻碍作用。)apolicyobstructivetoourplans阻挠我们政策的计划二、常用的相关短语或表达阻碍todetersb.fromdoingsth.;tocauserestrictionof;togetinthewayof;tobeinthewayof;tointerferewith;tolieintheway;tothrowobstaclesinsb.'sway;tocrosssb.'spath;toputastayon;tostandinthewayof...;tothrowa(monkey)wrenchinto/in...;toholdup;tostandbetween...对…有阻力的toberesistantto...妨碍…的发展tostunt/check/arrest/preventthedevelopmentof...妨碍司法公正topervertthecourseofjustice妨碍司法toobstructjustice交通阻塞trafficjam/ablockintraffic阻碍交通/道路toobstruct/clogapassage构成障碍toconstitute/presentanobstacle(to...);tobeintheway阻碍…的发展tooperateagainstthedevelopmentof...;tosuffocate...;tohampersb.'scapacityfordevelopment遇到障碍toencounter/meetwith/runintoanobstacle防微杜渐tokillthecasesatbirth;tonipinblossom/bud妨碍某人工作tohampersb.inhiswork设置/克服/扫除障碍togive(assign)/overcome/clearawayahandicap妨碍某人得到…tostand/comebetweensb.andsth.设置障碍tooffer/place/putanobstacle(to...)妨碍某人做某事tokeepsb.fromsth./doingsth.;toobstructsb.in/fromdoingsth.;tostop/prevent/hampersb.fromdoingsth.限制言论自由/新闻自由tomuzzlefreedomofspeech/thepress实行封锁toenforceablockade解除封锁toraise/liftablockade冲破/偷渡封锁线tobreak/runtheblockade(突破封锁的行动:blockade-running)阻止某人toputacrimpin/intosb.不要碍某人的事togetoutfromundersb.'sfeet越过障碍toclear/takeahurdle沿着阻力最小的方向(采用最省力的方法)tofollow/choose/takethelineofleastresistance阻碍…的通过toblockthepassageof...妨碍计划的顺利进行toputacrimpinaplan阻止某人做某事toprevent/keepsb.fromdoingsth.某人的企图受挫sb.isbaffledinhisattempt经济发展的阻碍adragoneconomicgrowth阻止人才外流toplugthebraindrain对…产生阻力togive/offerresistanceto...打通(疏通)妨碍…的环节tobreak/uncorkbottlenecksin...遇到障碍tohitabottleneck/tobecaught(trapped)inabottleneck造成障碍toform/produceabottleneck可怕的障碍(拦路虎)alionintheway/path某人前进道路上的障碍arubin/onsb.'sway阻止某事物或把它消灭在萌芽状态之中tonipsth.inthebud克服语言障碍toovercomealanguagehurdle妨碍某人的/自己的前程(利益)tostand(get;be;sit)insb.'slight/one'sownlight阻挠某人做某事toobstructsb.in/fromdoingsth.;toprecludesb.fromdoingsth.设法阻碍讨论/辩论的进行toattempttostonewallthediscussion/thedebate扫除通往无核世界的障碍tounbarthewaytoanuclear-freeworld阻碍某事物/某人的正常生长或发展tostuntsth.预阻某人做某事toprecludesb.fromdoingsth.减弱…的阻力toweakentheresistanceof...冲破种种阻力和困难againstalltheodds顺畅地/毫无阻碍地withoutletorhindrance妨碍(捣乱)toputsandinthewheels/machine受条件限制tobehedgedwithqualification成为…的障碍topose/beastumblingblockto...不妨碍某人togetoutofsb.'sway束缚某人的思想tocagesb.'smind在…中突然遇到障碍/到了最后关头突然遇到障碍tohitasnag/lastminutesnagsin...三、情景译例精选贫穷并不总是幸福的障碍。Povertyisnotalwaysabartohappiness.冠词和介词是初学英语者的障碍。ArticlesandprepositionsareblockstothebeginnersofEnglish.原料的生产受到了阻碍。Productionofmaterialhasbeenbottlenecked.妨碍进口计划的是金融。Thebottleneckoftheimportprogramwasfinance.人员配备情况未能达成协议是会谈进程中的主要障碍。Thefailuretoagreeonmanninglevelsisamajorstumbling-blocktoprogressinthetalks.因罢工而受阻的旅客本周末要耽搁很长时间了。Strikeboundtravellersfacelongdelaysthisweekend.她有婴儿要照看，活动自然受到限制(手脚自然被拴住了。)Havinganewbabytolookafterhasclippedherwings.他没受过教育，这严重妨碍了他的事业。Hislackofeducationwasaseriousdetrimenttohiscareer/seriouslyinterferedwithhiscareer.所有这些困难阻碍了他的进步。Allthesedifficultiescrampedhisdifficulties.我觉得在这么一个小地方工作没有什么奔头。Ifeelcrampedbyworkinginsuchasmalltown.这是阻碍经济发展的主要桎梏之一。Thisisoneofthekeyrestrainsholdingbackeconomicgrowth.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行实验。Failuredidnotdeterusfromexperimentingagain.旧观念是进步的障碍。Theoldideasareadragonprogress.基础设施不足将阻碍这个城市的经济增长。Theinadequacyofinfrastructureinthiscitywilldwarfitseconomicgrowth.她觉得自己完全被家务事束缚住了。Shefeltfencedinbydomesticroutine.我们前进时受到了恶劣天气的阻碍。Ourprogresswashamperedbythebadweather.孩子们总是碍手碍脚地烦我。Thechildrenarealwaysundermyfeet.缺乏线索使警察当局受阻。Theabsenceofcluesbaffledthepolice.影响发展的主要障碍是缺乏资本。Themainimpedimenttogrowthwasalackofcapital.资金缺乏和机器不足是阻碍这家工厂发展的两大因素。Lackofmoneyandlackofmachineryaretworestraintsonthedevelopmentofthisfactory.大雨阻碍了我们野餐的计划。Theheavyraininterferedourplantogoforapicnic.希望我没有妨碍你的工作/你睡觉。IhopeI'mnotkeepingyoufromyourwork/sleeping.有许多因素阻碍了我们实现计划。Manyfactorsmilitatedagainstthesuccessofourplan.她想当演员，但她父亲一知道这个想法就阻止住了。Shewantedtobeanac-tress,butherfathersoonnippedthatideainthebud.她冲破种种阻力和困难，实现了当芭蕾舞演员的梦想。Againstalltheoddssheachievedherdreamofbecomi