2021学年高中英语Unit4 Amazing art SectionⅠ课时作业外研版必修三

Unit4Amazingart

课时作业(十)Unit4SectionIStartingout&Understandingideas

I.阅读理解

A

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimes

therehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulated

byhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatterns

ofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000years

ago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000

languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,

andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,

trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadof

universalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunications

inthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominant

languagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionofthese

languagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfew

languages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspoken

bysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;

Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaalone

accountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,

whichmeansthathalftheworld*slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction

(消亡)，withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon

(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnited

States(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneof

theseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

1.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?

A.Theydevelopedveryfast.

B.Theywerelargeinnumber.

C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.

D.Theywerecloselyconnected.

2.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant“underlinedinParagraph2?

A.Complex.B.Advanced.

C.Powerful.D.Modern.

3.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?

A.About6,800.B.About3,400.

C.About2,400.D.About1,200.

4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.

B.People*slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.

C.Humandevelopment,resultsinfewerlanguages.

D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

B

MostofthesandstormsthathadsweptChinalastyearcamefromforeign

land,aChineseofficialinchargeofdesertification（荒漠化）controlsaidonMonday.

Andtheinvasions（入侵）couldpartlyexplainthefrequentsandstormsinthecountry

inrecentyearsdespiteitsachievementsindesertificationcontrol.

Sincethestartoflastspring,thenorthandnorthwesternChineseregions

hadbeenhitby17sandstorms,ofwhich,adozencamefromforeignland.

Situatedinthecentral-Asiasandstormregion,oneoftheworld'sfour

largestsandstormsources,Chinaalsosuffersfromsandstormsfromoutsidethecountry

whilebeingblamedasasandsourcetonortheastAsia.Theotherthreemajorsources

areinAfrica,NorthAmericaandAustralia.

Thelandsufferingfromdesertificationhasbeendecreasingby7,585square

kilometresannuallyinChina,andtheareaofsandylandhasalsobeenfallingby

1,284squarekilometresayear.

Theshrinkage（收缩）formsaclearcontrasttothefactthattheland

sufferingfromdesertificationandsandyfeaturewasaddedby10,400squarekilometres

and3,436squarekilometreslatelastcentury,respectively.

Currently,thedesertificationlandinChinamakesup2.64millionsquare

kilometres,accountingfor27.46percentofthenation'sland,anditssandyland

totals1.74millionsquarekilometres,accountingfor18.1percentofthecountry's

total.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decreasing“meaninParagraph4?

A.Goingdown.B.Goingup.

C.Comingfrom.D.Takingup.

6.WheredomostofthesandstormsinChinacomefrom?

A.ThenorthwesternChineseregions.

B.ThenorthernChineseregions.

C.ThewesternpartofChina.

D.Foreigncountries.

7.WhichofthefollowingisbelievedtobethesandsourcetonortheastAsia?

A.Mongolia.B.Africa.

C.China.D.Australia.

8.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?

A.ThelandinChinasufferingfromdesertificationhasbeenincreasing

greatly.

B.Chinahasmadeachievementsinitsowndesertificationcontrol.

C.ThedesertificationlandmakesupnearlyhalfofChina'sterritory.

D.LittleprogresshasbeenmadeincontrollingdesertificationinChina.

H.阅读七选五

Successfulstudentsarehighlymotivated（激励）byaninnerdrivetostudywell.

Theyhaveaspecificcareergoalinmind.1Sotheyformtheirowngoodstudy

habits,planaheadandsticktotheirstudytimetablesontheirowninitiative.

Ifyouwanttobeasuccessfulstudent,motivateyourselfandknowthatitis

onlyyouwhoareresponsibleforyourstudy.Therearesomeusefulwaystoimprove

yourmotivation.

1.Youshouldwritedownyourlearninggoals,whichmakesthembecomeclear.

2.Imagineyoursuccess.Experiencethefeelingofreachingyourparticulargoal.

3.2

4.Seekadviceandlearnfromthegoodstudentsinyourclass.

Successfulstudentstendtostudyhard.Theypayattentiontoclassaswellas

takingnotes.3Outsideclasstheyfindaquietplacetostudy,becausethey

knowthatacademiclifecomesbeforetheirsociallife.

Setyourgoals.Aftersettinggoalsitisimportanttowritethemdownformany

reasons.

1.Goalsthataren'twrittenareonlywishes.

2.Ithelpsyoumakeacommitmenttoyourself.

3.4

4.Noonewantstoregretnotdoingsomethingtheycouldhavedone.

Successfulstudentsmanagetheirtimewellbysettingupweeklytimetables.They

makethebestuseoftheirstudytimeandfindaquietplacetostudyeveryday.}

Mostofthesuggestionsmentionedabovecanimproveyourmotivation.

A.Giveyourselfrewards.Eachtimeyoucompletealesson,dosomethingspecial

foryourself.

B.Itgivesyouawaytoseeyourprogress.

C.Theymakestudytimeproductiveandnotnecessarilylong.

D.Youwillbeproudofyourselfwhenyouachievesuccess.

E.Theyknowthattheyareresponsiblefortheirsuccessorfailure.

F.Whenyousetyourgoals,makesurethatyourgoalsarespecificandrealistic.

G.Theyarriveattheclassroomearlyandsitinthefront.

in.语法填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ifyouthinkyoucan'tdosomething,thenyoucan'tdoit1.(real).

It'sthatsimple.Anditisthesaddesttruthintheprocessofbeing2.

(success).Thereareavarietyof3.(hardship)youwillfaceinyourjourney

towhereveryouaregoing,andthereisnowayof4.(avoid)them,whichis

anaturalpartintheprocess.However,thebiggestchallengeyouwilllikelyface

is5.(you).Youcanaccomplishalmostanythingyoucandreamof6.

motivation.Butyouwillnotaccomplishevenyourmostordinarygoalsifyousayyou

can*t.Youwillneverknowhowhardorhoweasysomethingreallyisifyounevergive

it7.chance.Inturn,anychanceisboundto8.(destroy)bya

“can't”.Youmightnot.evenbeawarethatyouareyourownworstenemy,andhow

muchyouarelimitingyourselfsimplybysayingthatyou"can't"doandhowmuch

youcanturntheminto9.youcando.

Alwaysremember10.(think)thatyoucandoit.

课时作业（十）

I.阅读理解

【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了全球语言多样性的发展变化以及现在所面临的危机。

1.答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句"Somelanguageexperts

believethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,

theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.w可知，在狩猎时代，人口少，语言

却很丰富，故选B。

根据第一段第二句"Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,

tightlyknit（联系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeach

other.”可知，在狩猎时代，小的紧密联系的群体发展了各自独立的语言，故C、D项错误；

根据第一段的内容可知，文中未提及狩猎时代语言的发展速度，可排除A项。

2.答案与解析：C词义猜测题。此题可从画线词后面的举例"suchasEnglish,Spanish

andChinese”着手，英语、西班牙语和汉语都是目前世界上几大语言之一，这几门语言的影

响力是很大的；由此猜测，dominant与选项中的powerful最为接近。complex"复杂的"；

advanced”高级的,先进的"；powerful"有影响力的"；modern"现代的"。故选C。

3.答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句"Themediannumber（中位

数）ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespoken

byfewerpeoplethanthat.”可知，目前全球不同语言使用人数的中位数仅是6000,这就

意味着世界上有一半的语言的使用人数不到6000；结合第三段第一句"Atpresent,theworld

hasabout6,800languages."可知,选B。

4.答案与解析：C主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句中的"butinrecenttimesthere

hasbeenlesscoiningandalotmoregoing”和第二段可知，随着人类社会的发展，尤其

是工业化、全球化以来，很多语言已经消失，即人类的发展使得语言的种类越来越少。故选C。

【语篇解读】近年来中国遭受严重的风沙袭击，而中国也被认为是风沙的来源之一，

经过努力中国在治沙方面取得显著的效果。

5.答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据第四段最后的"hasalsobeenfallingby1,284

squarekilometresayear”可知，该词的意思是"减少"，故选A项。

6.答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段提到"Mostofthesandstorms

that...controlsaidonMonday."去年袭击中国的沙尘暴来自外国，故选D项。

7.答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段"Chinaalsosuffersfrom

sandstorms...sandsourcetonortheastAsia."可知中国被认为是东北亚风沙的来源地,

故选C项。

8.答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据第四段提到"Thelandsufferingfrom...falling

by1,284squarekilometresayear.M遭受风沙袭击的土地每年减少7585平方公里，沙

地的区域一年减少了1284平方公里，故可知控制沙漠化取得了成效，故选B项。

II.阅读七选五

【语篇解读】本文向读者介绍了成功的学生是如何提升学习动力并有效管理时间的。

1.答案与解析：E根据空前“在他们心中都有具体的职业目标”，再结合空后“因此

他们形成了良好的学习习惯”可知，过渡句是E项，即他们知道成败在于自己。故选E。

2.答案与解析：A此空属于提升自己学习动力的方法之一，A项表示奖励一下自己，

即每次完成一课后，为自己做一些特别的事情。故选A。

3.答案与解析：G这里说到成功的学生在校的学习方法，认真听讲，仔细记笔记，因

此G项与语境相符，早到学校，坐在前排。故选G。

4.答案与解析：B写下设定的目标有很多理由，B