北京市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末英语试卷(含解析)

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页北京市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________一、完形填空AstheforeignEnglishteacheratmyschool,IhaveaweeklyEnglishmusicbroadcastwhereIshowcasedifferentEnglishsongs.Itrytogetthestudentstorecommendsongstomeforthebroadcast.Atthebroadcast,Iusuallyannouncewhorecommendedthesongandthen1

itforeveryonetohearduringlunchtime.Ioffereveryoneanopportunitytosharethemselvesthroughtheirmusic,includingone2studentofmine.Thisstudent3getsintofightswiththeotherstudents,doesn’tstudy,andbringsdowntheenergyoftheclass.Mostoftheotherteachersandstudentspushhimaway.Iknewthoughthathejustneededafriend,oratleastsomeonehecould4with.Icouldtellhewaswarminguptomeoverthelastyear.Itoldhimto5asonghelikesthathassomeEnglishwordsinitandIwouldplayitonthebroadcastforhim.Heeventuallyrecommendedasong.IactuallyreallylikedthesongsoIputitonthebroadcastandmadesuretoannouncehisname,soeveryoneknewthathe6andrecommendedsuchagreatsong.Needlesstosay,theboywas7,andhe’sbeenmuchhappierandfocusedinEnglishclasseversince.Whileeveryoneelsemisunderstoodhimandpushedhimaway,Isawhimrightthroughandknewthathejustneededsomeonewho8him.There’sstillalanguage9betweenus,butwordsaren’tneeded,becauseyoucanalwayssensewhereyou’reatwithsomeone.HerecentlywalkedbymeandgavemethemostgenuinesmilethatI’deverseen.Mycoworkerturnedtomeandsaid“I’veneverseenhimsmilelikethatbefore.Howdidyougetthroughtohim?”“Igavehima10,”Isaid,“throughjustonesong.”1．A．accept B．play C．choose D．change2．A．absent B．anxious C．tough D．quiet3．A．constantly B．finally C．carefully D．obviously4．A．cooperate B．agree C．argue D．connect5．A．thinkof B．listento C．talkabout D．handout6．A．gathered B．contributed C．remembered D．wrote7．A．interested B．confused C．astonished D．excited8．A．acknowledged B．persuaded C．entertained D．impressed9．A．trap B．boundary C．barrier D．disorder10．A．word B．chance C．gift D．game二、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AndvWarholwasasuccessfulmagazineandadillustrator11becamealeadingartistofthe1960sPopartmovement.HewasborninPittsburgh,Pennsylvaniain1926.Whenhegraduatedfromcollege,hemovedtoNewYorkCity12(pursue)acareerasacommercialartist.In1962,heexhibitedthenow-iconicpaintingsofCampbell’ssoupcans,13createdamajorstirintheartworld.Healsodrewportraitsandopenedhisownartstudio.Hisworksblurredthelinesbetweenfineartsandmainstreamaesthetics.Bythetimeofhisdeathin1987,he14(become)oneofthemostimportantfiguresinAmerican-arthistory.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Naturaldisasterstakemanydifferentformsandcanhappen15warning.Earthquakes,floods,volcanoes,drought,typhoonsandhurricanesareallnaturaldisasters.Theearthquakeof26thDec.2004resultedinoneoftheworstnatural16(disaster)inlivingmemory.ItwasamassiveunderwaterquakeandoccurredintheIndianOcean.Itdestroyedcoastlines,communitiesandbroughtdeathanddestructiontomanypeople.Thousandsofpeoplewerekilledasthewavetravelledmilesacrosstheoceanto17(distance)beaches.Peoplefromallovertheworldgavelotsofmoneysothattownsandvillagescouldberebuilt.阅读下面短文,在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TheUnitedNationsChildren’sFund,alsoknownasUNICEF,isaUnitedNationsorganizationbasedinNewYork.Itoffershelpneededbychildrenallovertheworld.UNICEF18(found)on11December,1946toprovidefoodandhealthcaretochildrenincountriesdamagedinWorldWarII.Since1953,theorganization19(take)upanextendedmissiontohelpchildreninthedevelopingworld,includingthoselivingwithdiseaseordisabilities,andthoseaffectedbyrapidmodernizationandenvironmental20(problem).Now,UNICEFhasbeenworkingtoimprovethelivesofchildrenandtheirfamiliesacross190countriesandterritories.三、阅读理解Apoemcompetitionhasbeenstartedforpupilsaged4to18aroundUK.Itinvitesyoungpeopletofocuson(关注)the“manywaysweareconnectedtotheuniverse”.ThecompetitionispartofanationalcelebrationofcreativityintheUK.Thewinningentries(参赛作品)willbepresentedinaprojectionshow,whichwillvisitsomeplacesaroundtheUKfromMarchtoMay2023.Thisoutdoorshowwillincludeentriesfromthecompetitionandrunforaweekineachplace.Winnerswillalsoreceiveotherprizes,includingbooksandchocolate,pluscontinueddevelopment.Therulesareasfollows:Thecompetitionisfreetoenter.Ifyouareaged4-12,yourparentwillneedtoallowforyoutoenter.Yourentrymustbeoriginal(原创的).Yourworkisacceptedonlyifthiswillbeitsfirstappearanceanywhereintheworld.PoemsmustbewritteninEnglishorWelshandnotbelongerthan20lines.Youarefreetowriteinanystyleorform.YoumayentereitheronlinethroughthewebsiteorbyposttothePoetrySociety,22BettertonStreet,London.Allonlineentriesmustbereceivedby23:59GMTon19December2022.Allpoemsenteredbypostmustbepost-datedonorbefore19December2022.Ifyouwouldliketoenteronline,pleasecontinuethroughtheonlinesystemonthiswebsite.EmailAboutUs@poetrysociety.Orgifyouhaveanyproblem.21．Thecompetitioncenterson________.A．Nationalcelebration B．OutdoorshowaroundtheUKC．Youngpeople’stalents D．Connectivitytotheuniverse22．Whatwillbeawardedtothewinners?A．AfreetouraroundtheUK. B．Achancetopresenttheirworks.C．Books,chocolateandprizemoney. D．MembershipofthePoetrySociety.23．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．Poemscanbewritteninanylanguage.B．Theshowwilllastamonthineachplace.C．Allpoemsenteredbypostmustbepostedby19Dec.2022.D．Peopleneedtopaytoenterthecompetition.24．Accordingtotherules,peoplewhotakepartinit________.A．mustwritepoemsnomorethan20lines B．mayentertheirpublishedpoemsC．shouldbeaged4-12 D．canemailentriesBDomestic(驯养的)horsesnowpullploughs,raceintheKentuckyDerby,andcarrypolice.Butearlyhorsesweren’ttame(驯服的)enoughtoperformthesekindsoftasks.Scientiststhinkthefirstinteractionshumanshadwithhorseswerefardifferentfromthosetoday.Thousandsofyearsago,peoplekilledthewildhorsesthatlivedaroundthemforfood.Overtime,peoplebegantocatchtheanimalsandraisethem.Thiswasthefirststepindomestication.Aspeoplebegantotameandridehorses,theychosetokeepthoseanimalsthathadmoredesirablecharacteristics.Forexample,peoplemayhavechosentokeephorsesthathadagentlepersonalitysotheycouldberiddenmoreeasily.Peoplewhousedhorsestopullheavyloadswouldhavechosentokeepstrongeranimals.Characteristicslikestrengtharepartlycontrolledbytheanimals’genes.Soasthedomesticatedhorsesreproduced,theypassedthecharacteristicsontotheiryoung.Eachnewgenerationofhouseswouldshowmoreofthesechosencharacteristics.Moderndayhorsebreedscomeinawidevarietyofshapesandsizes.Thisvarietydidn’texistinthehorsepopulationbeforedomestication.TheShetlandhorseisoneofthesmallestbreeds—typicallyreachingonlyonemetertall.Withshort,stronglegs,theanimalswerebredtopullcoaloutofmineshafts(矿井)withlowceilings.HugehorsesliketheClydesdalecameonthescenearound1700.Peoplebredtheseheavy,tallhorsestopulllargevehiclesusedforcarryingheavyloads.Thedomesticationofhorseshashadgreateffectsonsocieties.Forexample,horsewereimportanttoolsintheadvancementofmodernagriculture.Usingthemtopullploughsandcarryheavyloadsallowedpeopletofarmmoreefficiently.Beforetheywereabletoridehorses,humanshadtocrosslandonfoot.Ridinghorsesallowedpeopletotravelfargreaterdistanceinmuchlesstime.Thatencouragedpopulationslivingindifferentareastointeractwithoneanother.Thenewfromofrapidtransportationhelpedculturesspreadaroundtheworld.25．Beforedomesticationhorseswere______.A．caughtforsports B．huntedforfoodC．madetopullploughs D．usedtocarrypeople26．TheauthorusestheShetlandhorseasanexampletoshow______.A．itissmallerthantheClydesdalehorse B．horseusedtohavegentlepersonalitiesC．somehorseshavebettershapedthanothers D．horseswereoflessvarietybeforedomestication27．Horsescontributedtothespreadofcultureby______.A．carryingheavyloads B．changingfarmingmethodsC．servingasameansoftransport D．advancingagricultureindifferentareas28．Thepassageismainlyabout_______.A．whyhumansdomesticatedhorses B．howhumansandhorsesneededeachotherC．whyhorsescameindifferentshapesandsizes D．howhumansocietiesandhorsesinfluencedeachotherDoyoueverpullyourphoneoutofyourpocket,thinkingitisvibrating(振动),onlytofindthatitisn’t?Thisphenomenon,whichscientistscall“phantom(幻觉的)phonevibration”,isverycommon.Around80%ofpeoplesurveyedsaytheyhaveimaginedtheirphonesvibratingwhentheywereactuallystill.So,whatleadstothisuniversalbehavior?AccordingtotheBBC,theexplanationliesinyourbrain'sabilitytodiscoversignalsfromtheoutsideworld.Whenyourphoneisinyourpocket,therearetwopossiblestates:Itiseithervibratingornot.Meanwhile,youalsohavetwopossiblestatesofmind:thejudgmentthatthephoneisvibrating,orthatitisn't.Ideally,youmatchthefourstatescorrectly.However,sometimesyourbraindecidesthattheconsequencesofmissingacallaremoreseriousthana"falsealarm".Therefore,youbecomemoresensitivetovibrationssothatyoudon'tmissanything.Thisisjustlikethefirealarminyourhome—itcanbeannoyingwhenitgoesoffinresponsetojustatinybitofsmoke.Butthat'sasmallpricetopaycomparedtoafirereallybreakingoutbecausethealarmfailstoalert(警醒)you.Now,youmightstillask:whycan'tourbrainsjustmakeeveryjudgmentcorrectlywithoutbeingtoosensitivetofalsesignals?Theansweristhatyourbrainbearsaheavyburdeneveryday."Yougetalargeamountofsensoryinformationthat'scoiningfromyoureyes,earsandskin,andyoucan'tdealwithallthatinformationallthetime,"MichaelRothberg,aresearcheratBaystateMedicalCenterinSpringfield,US,toldLiveScience.Forexample,therustling（沙沙声）ofclothingorthegrowling(咕咕声)ofyourstomachmaybothleadyourbraintobelievethattheycomefromthevibrationofyourphone——itisliketryingtohearyournamebeingcalledinanoisyroom.So,perhapsyoushouldjustcheckyourphonewheneveryouthinkit'svibrating.Itisn'ttoomuchtroubletodothat,isit?29．Accordingtothispassage,phantomphonevibration.A．iscommonamongpeoplewithmentalproblemsB．happenswhenwebecomemoresensitivetovibrationssothatwedon'tmissanythingC．canmeasurepeople'sabilitytocollectinformationD．helpsourbrainstomakedecisionsquicklyandaccurately30．Whydidtheauthorusetheexampleoffirealarminthispassage?A．Tohelpusunderstandthecauseofphantomphonevibrationbetter.B．Totellusthephonevibrationusuallyhappenswhenafirebreaksout.C．Toshowusthefirealarmisassensitiveasthephonevibration.D．Toconvinceusit'simportanttocheckourphoneslikecheckingafirealarm.31．AccordingtoMichaelRothberg,whichmainlyaccountsforphantomphonevibration?A．Alackofmuchattention. B．Anoisybackground.C．Alargeamountofsensoryinformation. D．Aheavyburdeneveryday.32．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoaboutphantomphonevibration?A．Weshouldalwaysfullybelieveourownsenseofhearing.B．Weshouldjustcheckourphoneswhenwethinkthey'revibrating.C．Weshouldignorethevibrationbotheringwhenourphonesareactuallystill.D．Weshouldthinkofthevibrationcarefullybeforewemakecorrectjudgments.Ilovemygasstove.There’snothingquitelikecookingoverthatbeautifulblueflame,soquicklyadjustedwithaflickofadial.Butinrecentyearsenvironmentalistshavebeenwarningthatgasstovesarebadfortheclimateandalsonotgreatforourhealth.Anewstudythisyearhasheightenedhealthworriesaboutnoxiousfumes(有毒烟尘)inourkitchens.Broadlyspeaking,therearetwocategoriesofconcernregardinggasstoveemissions.First,thereistheunburnednaturalgasthatcanescapebeforetheflameignitesorleakfromagashook-up.Thisgasismorethan90percentmethane(甲烷).Second,therearethepollutantscreatedbycombustion(燃烧)whenaburnerison,mostnotablynitrogenoxides(氧化氮),whichcanupsetthelungs.Thebigsurpriseinthenewstudy,conductedbyenvironmentalscientistsatStanfordUniversity,wastheamountofunburnedgasthatleaksintokitchenswhenastoveisoff.Theyfoundthatmorethanthreequartersofmethanethatescapesfromastovedoessowhenitisnotinuse,mostlikelythroughimperfectpipefittings.Onlyoneoutof53stovesmeasuredforthestudydidnotleakwhenturnedoff,saysRobJackson,seniorauthorofthestudy.Methaneisnottoxic,butitisapowerfulgreenhousegas.With40milliongasstovesacrossthecountry,Jacksonandhisco-authorsestimatethattheheat-trappingpotentialofthemethanetheydischargeannuallyisequaltothecarbondioxidereleasedbyhalfamilliongas-poweredcars.TheStanfordstudyalsolookedattheamountofnitrogenoxidesproducedwhenusingthestoves.Inamatterofminutes,familieswhodonotusetheirexhausthoods(排气罩)andwhohavesmall,poorlyairedkitchenscangobeyondtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency’soutdoorexposurelimitfornitrogendioxideof100partsperbillion(ppb)perhour.Evenshortexposurestoexcessnitrogendioxidecanworsensymptomsinpeoplewithrespiratoryconditions(呼吸系统疾病).Andthereisconsiderableevidencethatlong-termexposureraisestheriskofdevelopingasthma(哮喘).Whatistheaveragehomecooktomakeofallthis?TheymighttakeanideafromMichanowicz,aseniorscientistatPSEHealthyEnergy,whoboughtaninductionburneranddoesmuchofhiscookingonthat$100item.Jackson,forhispart,isputtinghismoneywherehisresearchis:“I’mreplacingaperfectlygoodgasstove”withaninductionstove.Hewouldlikegovernmentstoprovidemotivationsforpeopletoswitchtoelectricranges.Asforme,I’veswitchedtoanelectrickettleforboilingwater.33．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,gasstoveworriesinclude___________.A．thechallengeofchangingourcookinghabitsB．thediseasesbroughtbycookingonagasstoveC．theenvironmentalimpactofcookingonagasstoveD．theriskofcatchingfirewhilepeoplearecookingonagasstove34．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Gasmayleakintokitchenswithastoveonoroff.B．Nitrogenoxidesmaycausepeopletodeveloplungcancer.C．Methanecanescapeintokitchensthroughwrongoperation.D．Kitchenscandoharmtopeoplewithoutproperpipefittings.35．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“toxic”inParagraph3mostprobablymean?A．Colorful. B．Useful. C．Harmful. D．Fruitful.36．Asforchangingacookinghabit,theauthoris__________.A．doubtful B．disapproving C．unconcerned D．supportive四、七选五Whyaresomanypeopleafraidoffailure?Quitesimplybecausenoonetellsushowtofailsothatfailurebecomesanexperiencethatwillleadtogrowth.37Mostparentsworkhardateitherpreventingfailureorprotectingtheirchildrenfromtheknowledgethattheyhavefailed.Onewayistolowerstandards.Amotherdescribesherchild'shastilymadetableas"Perfect!"inspiteofitsunevenlegs.Anotherwayistopintheblameonsomeoneelse.IfJohnfailsscience,histeacherisunfairorstupid.Thetroublewithfailure-preventionwaysisthattheyleaveachildunequippedforlifeintherealworld.Theyoungneedtolearnthatnoonecanbebestateverything,noonecanwinallthetime—andthatit'spossibletoenjoyagameevenwhenyoudon'twin.Achildwhoisnotinvitedtoabirthdayparty,whodoesnotmakethehonorrollonthebaseballteam,feelsterrible,ofcourse.38Theyoungshouldbeallowedtoexperiencedisappointment,andbehelpedtomasterit.Failureisneverpleasurable.Ithurtsadultsandchildrenalike.39Steponeistoask"WhydidIfail?"Resistthenaturalimpulse(冲动)toblamesomeoneelse.Askyourselfwhatyoudidwrongandhowyoucanimprove.Ifsomeoneelsecanhelp,don'tbeshyaboutinquiring.Success,whichencouragesrepetitionofoldbehavior,isnotnearlyasgoodateacherasfailure.Youcanlearnfromadisastrouspartyhowtogiveagoodone,fromanill-chosenfirsthousewhattolookforinasecond.40After12yearsofstudyingballetafriendofminewenttoaninterviewforaprofessionalcompany.Shewasturneddown."Wouldfurthertraininghelp?"sheasked.Theballetmastershookhishead."Youwillneverbeadancer.Youhaven'tthebodyforit."Insuchcases,thewaytousefailureistotakestock(清点存货，清理)bravelyasking"WhathaveIleft?WhatelsecanIdo?"Myfriendputawayhertoeshoesandmovedintodancetherapy,afieldwhereshe'sbothcompetentanduseful.41Oftenthereisaresurgence(复活)ofenergy--anawarenessofnewpossibilities.A．Evenafailurethatseemsdefinitecanpromotefreshthinking,achangeofdirection.B．However,itcanmakeapositivecontributiontoyourlifeonceyoulearntouseit.C．Youcanalsolearnthatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.D．Andweforgetthatfailureispartofthehumanconditionandthateverypersonhastherighttofail.E．Failurefreesonetotakerisksbecausethere'slittletolose.F．Sobestrongandneverloseheartinthefaceoffailure.G．Butparentsshouldnotofferaquickcomfort,prizeorsay,"Itdoesn'tmatter"becauseitdoes.五、阅读表达阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Throughoutourlives,wearefacedwithmanydifferentlearningexperiences.Someoftheseexperienceshavemademoreofanimpactthanothers.Thiscanbeduetodifferentintelligencesorlearningstyles.Aperson’slearningstyleor“intelligence”isthemethodthroughwhichtheygaininformationmosteasily.Thetheoryofmultipleintelligenceswasproposedin1983byDr.GardnerinhisbookFramesofMind:TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences,anditsuggeststhattraditionalideasaboutintelligence,measuredbystandardizedIQtests,areverylimited.Accordingtohim,eightdifferentintelligencesareproposedtodescribetherangeofdifferentabilitiesinchildrenandadults.Theyare:linguisticintelligence,logical-mathematicalintelligence,spatialintelligence,bodily-kinestheticintelligence,musicalintelligence,interpersonalintelligence,intrapersonalintelligence,andnaturalisticintelligence.Someschoolsfocusattentiononlinguisticandlogical-mathematicalintelligences.However,Dr.Gardnersaysthatweshouldplaceequalattentiononpeoplewhopossesstheotherintelligences:designers,athletes,musicians,salesmen,psychologists,andbiologists.Educationcanbemuchmoreinterestingandhelpmorestudentstolearnmoreeffectivelyifteachersareencouragedtopresentlessonsinawidevarietyofwaysusingmusic,groupwork,artactivities,role-play,multimedia,fieldtrips,amongothers.Thegoodnewsisthathundredsofschoolsarecurrentlyusingthetheoryofmultipleintelligencestodesignthewaytheyeducatechildren.Bydoingso,studentswillperformbetterandstoremoreimportantinformationintheirminds.Understandingastudent’slearningstylecanhelplaterinlifeandleadthemintoamorefulfillingcareerdirection.Thetheoryofmultipleintelligencesalsogivesadultsawholenewwaytolookattheirlives,examiningpotentialsthattheyleftbehindintheirchildhood,suchasaloveforartordrama.Theymaynowhavetheopportunitytodevelopthesethroughhobbiesorotherprogramsofself-development.42．Accordingtothepassage,whatisaperson’slearningstyle?__________________________________________________________________________43．WhatdoesDr.Gardnerusetheeightintelligencestodescribe?__________________________________________________________________________44．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Tohelpstudentsperformbetterandstoremoreimportantinformationintheirminds,schoolsshouldfocusonlinguisticandlogical-mathematicalintelligences.__________________________________________________________________________45．Whichintelligencedoyouwanttodevelopmost?Why?(Inabout40words)__________________________________________________________________________六、其他应用文46．假定你是李华，你校下个月举行放风筝比赛（TheKiteFlyingCompetition），请你写封电子邮件给你的英国交换生朋友Mark，内容包括：1.比赛时间、地点；2.比赛要求和意义；3.希望他一同参赛。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页参考答案1．B2．C3．A4．D5．A6．B7．D8．A9．C10．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过播放一个调皮男孩推荐的歌曲，给了一个承认他的机会，男孩也因此在英语课上变得更快乐、更专注了。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在广播中，我通常会宣布是谁推荐了这首歌，然后在午餐时间播放给大家听。A.accept接受；B.play播放；C.choose选择；D.change改变。后文“itforeveryonetohearduringlunchtime”中it指代歌曲，故指播放歌曲，应用动词play。故选B。2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为每个人提供了一个通过音乐来分享自己的机会，包括我的一个棘手的学生。A.absent缺席的；B.anxious焦急的；C.tough艰难的，棘手的；D.quiet安静的。根据后文“getsintofightswiththeotherstudents,doesn’tstudy,andbringsdowntheenergyoftheclass”可知这个学生不听话，很棘手。故选C。3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个学生经常和其他学生打架，不学习，使班级的活力下降。A.constantly持续地；B.finally最后；C.carefully仔细地；D.obviously显然。根据后文“getsintofightswiththeotherstudents,doesn’tstudy,andbringsdowntheenergyoftheclass”指这个学生经常和其他学生打架，不学习，使班级的活力下降。故选A。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过我知道他只是需要一个朋友，或者至少是一个他可以交流的人。A.cooperate合作；B.agree同意；C.argue争论；D.connect连接。根据上文“Iknewthoughthathejustneededafriend,oratleastsomeonehecould”可知，男孩需要一个朋友，一个可以联系交流的人。故选D。5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我告诉他想一首他喜欢的歌，里面有一些英语单词，我会在广播里放给他听。A.thinkof想起；B.listento听；C.talkabout谈论；D.handout分发。根据后文“asonghelikesthathassomeEnglishwordsinit”指作者让男生想一起喜欢的歌。故选A。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很喜欢这首歌，所以我把它放在广播中，并确保宣布他的名字，所以每个人都知道，他贡献和推荐这样一首好歌曲。A.gathered聚集；B.contributed贡献；C.remembered记得；D.wrote写。根据后文“andrecommendedsuchagreatsong”指男生贡献和推荐这样一首好歌曲。故选B。7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用说，男孩很兴奋，从那以后，他在英语课上变得更快乐、更专注了。A.interested感兴趣的；B.confused困惑的；C.astonished吃惊的；D.excited激动的。根据后文“andhe’sbeenmuchhappierandfocusedinEnglishclasseversince”可知，作者的做法让男孩很激动，因此从那以后，他在英语课上变得更快乐、更专注了。故选D。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当每个人都误解他，把他推开的时候，我看透了他，知道他只是需要一个承认他的人。A.acknowledged承认；B.persuaded说服；C.entertained娱乐；D.impressed使印象深刻。根据上文“Isawhimrightthroughandknewthathejustneededsomeonewho”可知，当每个人都误解他，把他推开的时候，作者看透了他，知道他只是需要一个承认他的人。故选A。9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们之间仍然有语言障碍，但不需要言语，因为你总能感觉到你和某人在哪里。A.trap陷阱；B.boundary边界；C.barrier障碍；D.disorder混乱。根据后文“butwordsaren’tneeded”可知，but表示转折，说明仍然存在语言障碍，但不需要言语。故选C。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我给了他一个机会，”我说，“只是通过一首歌。”A.word单词；B.chance机会；C.gift礼物；D.game游戏。呼应第一段中“Ioffereveryoneanopportunitytosharethemselves(我给每个人一个分享自己的机会)”指给了男孩一个机会。故选B。11．who12．topursue13．which14．hadbecome【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章对美国艺术史上最重要的杂志和广告插画家之一AndvWarhol进行了简要介绍。11．考查定语从句。句意：AndvWarhol是一位成功的杂志和广告插画家，成为20世纪60年代流行艺术运动的领军艺术家。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为AndvWarhol，因空白处在句子中做主语指人，应使用who引导定语从句，故填who。12．考查非谓语动词。句意：大学毕业后，他搬到了纽约市，从事商业艺术家的职业。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做状语表示目的，应使用动词不定式，故填topursue。13．考查定语从句。句意：1962年，他展出了坎贝尔汤罐的标志性画作，这在艺术界引起了轩然大波。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为Campbell’ssoupcans，因空白处在非限制性定语从句中做主语指物，使用which引导定语从句，故填which。14．考查时态。句意：到1987年他去世时，他已经成为美国艺术史上最重要的人物之一。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做谓语，根据时间状语Bythetimeofhisdeathin1987可知，主语谓语动词表示的动作在时间状语Bythetimeofhisdeathin1987表示的时间之前发生，应使用过去完成时，故填hadbecome。15．without16．disasters17．distant【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文段指出自然灾害有着各种各样的形式，并详细描述了2004年的印度洋海啸事例。15．考查介词。句意：自然灾害有着多种不同形式，可以毫无预警地发生。分析句子可知，空白前句结构完整，其后接名词warning，考虑介词；结合下一句中列举的多种自然灾害形式，推知此处要表达自然灾害往往是毫无预警地发生，可用without表示“没有，不带”。故填without。16．考查名词复数。句意：2004年12月26日发生的那场地震导致了有史以来最惨重的自然灾害之一。分析句子可知，在“oneof+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”这一结构中，disaster要用复数形式。故填disasters。17．考查形容词。句意：海浪从遥远的海面穿越数英里席卷了海滩，成千上万的人因此丧命。分析句子可知，空白处与beaches共同构成介词to的宾语，其中空白处应作定语修饰beaches，应使用形容词distant表示“遥远的”作定语。故填distant。18．wasfounded19．hastaken/hasbeentaking20．problems【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了UNICEF(联合国儿童基金会)的历史和其作用。18．考查动词语态。句意：联合国儿童基金会成立于1946年12月11日，旨在为二战受害国的儿童提供食物和医疗保健。根据时间状语11December,1946可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时；此处主语UNICEF是动作的承受者，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，所以be动词需用was。故填wasfounded。19．考查动词时态。句意：自1953年以来，该组织承担了一项帮助发展中国家儿童的长期使命，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童，以及那些受快速现代化和环境问题影响的儿童。根据时间状语Since1953可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时态，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在并可能继续下去；主语是单数organization，所以此处助动词需用has。故填hastaken或hasbeentaking。20．考查名词复数。句意同上。此处泛指各种环境问题，所以空处名词需用复数。故填problems。21．D22．B23．C24．A【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则布告，主要介绍了一个诗歌比赛的情况，包括比赛规则以及报名方式等。21．细节理解题。根据第一段“Itinvitesyoungpeopletofocuson(关注)the“manywaysweareconnectedtotheuniverse”.(它邀请年轻人关注“我们与宇宙联系的许多方式”)”可知，比赛的中心是与宇宙的连通性。故选D。22．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thewinningentries(参赛作品)willbepresentedinaprojectionshow,whichwillvisitsomeplacesaroundtheUKfromMarchtoMay2023.Thisoutdoorshowwillincludeentriesfromthecompetitionandrunforaweekineachplace.(参赛作品将在2023年3月至5月期间在英国的一些地方进行放映。这个户外展览将包括来自比赛的作品，并在每个地方运行一周)”可知，获胜者会得到展示他们作品的机会。故选B。23．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Allpoemsenteredbypostmustbepost-datedonorbefore19December2022.(所有以邮寄方式参赛的诗歌必须在2022年12月19日或之前完成)”可知，所有以邮寄方式参赛的诗歌必须在2022年12月19日前寄出。故选C。24．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“PoemsmustbewritteninEnglishorWelshandnotbelongerthan20lines.(诗歌必须用英语或威尔士语写成，不超过20行)”可知，根据规定，参加活动的人必须写不超过20行诗。故选A。25．B26．D27．C28．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于人类社会和马之间是如何相互影响的。25．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thousandsofyearsago,peoplekilledthewildhorsesthatlivedaroundthemforfood.(几千年前，人们杀死生活在他们周围的野马作为食物。)”可知，在驯养之前，人们捕杀野马作为食物。故选B。26．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thisvarietydidn’texistinthehorsepopulationbeforedomestication.(这个品种在驯化之前马的种群中并不存在。)”可知，在人们开始驯养马之前，马的种类并不多。所以作者以TheShetlandhorse这种马为例来解释“在驯养之前，马的种类较少”的观点。故选D。27．细节理解题。根据文章最后