初高中英语衔接语法入门定语从句解析

TheAttributiveClause

定语从句什么是定语？1、My

brotherlikesplayingbasketball.2、Ihavesomething

importanttotellyou.3、Theboy

inblueisTom.4、Thesmiling

boyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.5、Thedormitory

builtlastyearisforfreshmen.6、Thisisthenewdictionary

whichIboughtyesterday.定语：用来修饰名词或代词的成分，常译为“…的”。Whatistheattributiveclause?本质上，它和形容词是近亲，都爱干一件事，修饰名词.不同的是，形容词是条小短裤，只能表达简单的意思。而定语从句是更宽、更大的短裤，表达的意思更复杂、更具体。也正因为此，定语从句必须得系上腰带，才能和被修饰的词，紧紧地绑在一起。这腰带就是关系词关系词又分为两派：左边这路是关系代词，主要有这六个家伙右边这路是关系副词，有这三个家伙识别定语从句的各要素：Thisisthenewdictionary

(whichIboughtyesterday.)先行词关系代词定语从句Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschoolthismorning.知识小结：1.什么是定语从句？2.定语从句的两个关键术语是：____和____3.关系词包括：________和________4.关系代词有：5.关系副词有：先行词关系词关系代词关系副词关系代词：that、which、who、whom、whose关系副词：when、where、why关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose

引导的定语从句定语从句（一）Underline(划出)theantecedent(先行词),circle(圈出)therelativepronounandbracket(括出)theattributiveclause.Sheisagirlwho/thatisalwayshelpingothers.Herfatherisamanagerwho/thatworksinabigcompany.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.Themanwhom/thatyousawjustnowisourmanager.Thisisthebookwhich/thatIboughtyesterday.Don’tcutdownthetreewhich/that

givesyoushade(阴凉).Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Groupwork：Eachgroupchoosesonestudentorateacherinourclassanddescribeshimorherusingtheattributiveclause.Eachstudentinyourgroupwritesasenenceaboutthisperson.Youcanbeginlikethis:

Heisaboywho/that/whose.....

Sheisagirlwho/that/whose.....关系代词who,which,that在定语从句中作主语时,要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题定语从句与写作：用关系代词引导的定语从句翻译下列句子1.我有一个喜欢古典音乐的朋友。2.昨天他穿着我给他买的外套。3.我在看一本不太难的书。4.腿伤了的那个人过去是个足球运动员。5.我认识文章发表了的那个学生。6.杭州是我去年夏天去的地方。7.我不能忘记我们一起度过的那些快乐的日子。8.他看过教授谈到的那本书。方法：利用缩句法先找出句子主干定语从句中需要注意的问题1.定语从句中的主谓一致问题2.定语从句中关系代词的省略3.只能用关系代词that引导定语从句的情况4.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

关系代词who,which,that在定语从句中作主语时,要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题，因为who/that/which指代先行词,所以定语从句的谓语形式要与先行词的单复数保持一致。(分析下列例句）a.Icametogetthebookthat/whichwasleftintheclassroom.b.Icametogetthebooksthat/whichwereleftintheclassroom.一、定语从句中的主谓一致问题练习：1.Sheisoneofthestudentswho_____(have)visitedBeijinginourclass.2.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____(have)visitedBeijinginourclass.3.Tomisafunnyboywho_______(like)funnystories.4.Doyouseetheboyswho______(be)playingfootballoverthere?havehavelikesare二、关系代词的省略：Bracket(括出)therelativepronounsthatyouthinkcouldbeomitted（省略）inthefollowingsentences.1.Whoisthegirlthatstandsinthefrontofourclassroom?2.Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmthatwevisitedthreemonthsago?3.Intheshopwindowthereisasignthatsays"Tenpercentoff".4.ThecouplewhowemetinthebookstorejustnowhavebeentotheGreatWalltwice.5.Thepaintingswhichtheoldmanhasinhishouseareworthabout$100,000.6.IwillneverforgetthedaysthatIspentontheislandlastyear.总结：当关系代词在定语从句中做____时，可省略宾语三、只能用关系代词that引导定语从句的情况先行词为something,anything,everything,nothing,somebody,anybody,everybody,nobody,all,much等不定代词时,用that.先行词前有形容词的最高级或序数词时,用that.先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast修饰时,用that.先行词既有人也有物时,用that关系代词在定语从句中做表语,只能用that,常可以省略。Thisisnotaneasyquestion(that)youthinktobe.在以which/who开头的特殊疑问句中四、定语从句的分类先行词和关系代词中间没有被逗号隔开的定语从句叫：先行词和关系代词中间有逗号隔开的定语从句叫：限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Shedoesn'tlikestoriesthat/whichhaveunhappyendings.Shehasreadmanystories,whichgreatlybroadenherhorizon.1.Theroadconditionsturnedouttobeverygood,whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect.2.MrsSmith,whograduatedfromHarvardUniversity,hasthreechildren.3.Annahasabeautifulfl