chapter9-2国际物流单证流程课件讲解

物流国际化实务

江苏海事职业技术学院仲颖Englishforinternationalshippingbusines

Chapter9-1

TheobjectivesThecontentsEvaluationExercisesCourseIntroductionTheobjectivesmodesoftransportbillofladingMarineTransportMarinetransportcanfallintotwogroups:LinersTrampsLinersLinersoperateonascheduledservicebetweenagroupofports.Linerssailonscheduleddatesandtimesirrespectiveofwhethertheyarefullornot.Shipmentsomadeonlinersisrelativelysmallbutfrequent.LinersLinertransportischaracterizedbyafixedsailingschedule,fixedcallingports,afixednavigationrouteandrelativelyfixedfreightrates.Therespectiveliabilitiesoftheconsignorsandthecarriersarelistedinthebillsofladingissuedbythelinercompanies.Linercompaniespublishtheirsailingschedulesinnewspapersordistributethemamongtheconsignors.FreightofLinersLinercompanieschargeconsignorsaccordingtotheirliner’sfreighttariff.Freightoflinershasinittheloadingandunloadingcharges.Thefreightoflinerscomprisesbasicchargesandadditionalcharges.FreightofLinersGreatattentionshouldbepaidtotheadditionalcharges,whicharemanyinvariety.Forexample,ExtraChargesonHeavyLifts(超重附加费).ExtraChargesonOverLengths(超长附加费).AdditionalChargesonOptionalDischarging(装卸附加费).TransshipmentSurcharge(转船附加费).PortSurcharge(港口附加费).Additionalchargesshouldnotbeoverlookedinthequotationofthegoods.Tramps

Unliketheliners,atrampdoesnotsailonafixedrouteorafixedschedule,butgoesallovertheworldinsearchofcargoes,primarilybulkshipment,likecoal,grain,timber,steel,ores,fertilizers,etc.,whicharecarriedincompleteshiploads.Trampvesselsareengagedundercharteringonatimeorvoyagebasis,andsometimesarecharteredtosupplementexistinglinerservicestomeetpeakcargoshipmentdemands.CharteringmightbeVoyageCharter/TripCharterorTimeCharter.VoyageCharterandTimeCharterisforthecarriageofgoodsfromonespecifiedporttoanother.Itmightbeforonesingleorconsecutivesinglevoyagesorforonereturnorconsecutivereturnvoyages.Voyagecharterasthenamesignifies,isonthetimebasis.Thecharteringmightbeayearormanyyears,duringwhichthebusinessoftheboatisunderthemanagementofthecharterer(船方）.TimecharterBillofLading(B/L)TheNatureofB/LChiefContentsofB/LTheVarietiesofB/LTheNatureofB/LB/Lisissuedbythecaptainortheshippingcompaniestotestifythatthegoodshavebeenreceivedorshippedonboardfordeliverytoacertainplaceofdestination.Ithasthreesignifications.TheNatureofB/Lareceiptofthegoodsadocumentoftitle.theevidenceofthecontractofcarriageTheNatureofB/LThebillofladingisanimportantshippingdocumentthat,togetherwiththeinsurancepolicyandcommercialinvoices,constitutesthechiefshippingdocumentsindispensabletoforeigntrade.ChiefContentsofB/LDifferentshippingcompanieshavedifferentformsofB/L,butanyB/Lcontainsthefollowinginformation:1Carrier.2Shipper,orconsignor(generallytheexporter).3Consignee.4Notifiedparty(generallytheconsignee).5B/LNO.ChiefContentsofB/L6Thenameandvoyagenumberofthecarryingvessel.7Thedatewhenthegoodswerereceivedforshipmentand/orloadedonthevessel,orsailingdate.8Portofdischarge.9Portofdelivery.10Shippingmarks.ChiefContentsofB/L11Descriptionofthegoods.12Grossweight.13Measurement.14Numberandkindofpackages.ChiefContentsofB/L15Freight,whetheritisprepaidasunderCIF&CFRortocollectasunderFOB.“freightprepaid”/“freighttocollect”16NumberofOriginalBs/LsignedonbehalfoftheMasterorhisagent.17ThesignatureoftheMasterorhisagentandthedate.TheVarietiesofB/L1OnBoardB/L“已装船提单”meansthatthegoodshavebeenshippedonboardwhileReceivedforShipmentB/L“备运提单”

meansthatthegoodshavebeenreceivedforshipment.Thelatterisgenerallynotfavoredbythebuyer,andusuallytheL/CwillrequirethesellertopresentOnBoardB/Lfornegotiationatthebank.TheVarietiesofB/L2CleanB/L“清洁提单carriesnounfavorableremarksbythecarrierwhileUncleanB/L(FoulB/L)

“不清洁提单”carriessuchunfavorableremarksas“…packagesindamagedcondition”,“ironstraplooseormissing”,etc.GenerallytheL/CwilloftenrequirethesellertopresentcleanB/Lfornegotiation,anduncleanB/Lmaycausethesellergreattrouble.TheVarietiesofB/L3StraightB/L“记名提单”hasaspecifiednameinthecolumnofconsigneeoftheB/LThismeansthatthegoodscanonlybereceivedbythepersonspecifiedandtheB/Lisnottobetransferredtoanythirdperson.Therefore,straightB/Lisnotnegotiableandthusitisonlyusedininternationaltradeonspecialoccasions.TheVarietiesofB/L3OpenB/L(orBearerB/L)“不记名提单”hasnospecifiednamesinthecolumnofconsigneeoftheB/L.ThismeansthatanyholderoftheB/LisentitledtotakedeliveryofthegoodsandtheB/Lcanbetransferredtoanythirdperson.TheVarietiesofB/L4UnderDirectB/L“直达提单”,theconsignmentwillbecarrieddirecttotheportofdestinationwithouttransshipment,whileunderTransshipmentB/L“转船提单”,theconsignmentwillbecarriedatleastbytwoboatsbeforeitarrivesattheportofdestination.TheVarietiesofB/L4ThroughB/L“联运提单”isusedinthecombinedtransportofmarineandsomeothermodesoftransport.Thatmeanstheconsignmentwillbecarriedbyatleasttwodifferentmodesoftransport,oneofwhichmustbemarinetransport,beforeitarrivesattheportofdestination.ThroughB/Lisissuedbythefirstcarrierwhoisresponsibleforthesafetyofthegoodswhentheyareonhisboatthoughheisobligedtodeliverthegoodstothesecondcarrier.EXERCISES:classificationofbillofladingintermofdifferentcharacteristicsofconsignees:

B/L,

B/Land

B/Lintermofwhetherornotthegoodsareonboard:

B/Land

B/Lo