2024新教材高中英语Unit2ExploringEnglishPeriod4Developingideas课时作业2外研版必修第一册

课时作业Ⅰ.依据释义写出汉语词义和英语单词1．anopinionthatyouexpressaboutsb./sth.评论→comment2．awayoutofapublicbuildingorvehicle出口→exit3．inortowardsthecentreofacity,especiallyitsmainbusinessarea在城镇中心区的，在闹市区的→downtown4．badluckoranaccident事故，灾难→misadventure5．tohavesth.inyourmindasaplanorpurpose安排，准备→intend6．strangeorunusual奇妙的，怪异的→odd7．amistake,especiallyonethatcausesproblems错误，谬误→error8．knowingorrealizingsth.意识到的，明白的→aware9．fairlyortosomedegree相当，颇→rather10．tohelpsb.remembersth.提示，使……想起→remindⅡ.选词填空(先填短语，后填句子)ofwiththanonoutdealwith,beawareof,base...on,ratherthan,turnout1．IthinkI'llhaveacolddrink________coffee.答案：ratherthan2．Whatareyou________thetheory________？答案：basing;on3．Idon'tthinkpeople________really________therisksinvolved.答案：are;awareof4．It________thatthenewjobwasveryhardtodo.答案：turnedout5．Doyou________thechallenge?答案：dealwithⅢ.单句语法填空1．Alighthousemarkstheentrance________theharbour.答案：to2．Drumsare________(base)toAfricanmusic.答案：basic3．Shemadehelpful________(comment)onmystudy.答案：comments4．Here________(come)thetaxi.答案：comes5．Ireadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourlives________(wait)．答案：waiting6．________myastonishment,he'sstillalive.答案：To7．Thesongremindedme________mystorywhenIvisitedBeijing.答案：of8．Thiswillraiseyour________(aware)ofthegrammarofyournativelanguage.答案：awareness9．Discussionsarejustheldonan________(formal)basiswithinthedepartment.答案：informal10．________(recognise)oftheimportanceofcareerdevelopmentisincreasing.答案：RecognitionⅣ.单句写作1．那曾经住着一个叫汤姆的人。______________________knownbythenameofTom.答案：Thereoncelivedaman2．我不确定这个词的发音是否正确。____________________I'mpronouncingthiswordcorrectly.答案：I'mnotsureif/whether3．她宁愿打扫卫生也不情愿演讲。She'dratherdosomecleaning__________________.答案：thangiveaspeech4．饭店的前面耸立着一座塔。____________________________atower.答案：Infrontoftherestaurantstands5．我感冒时曾喉咙痛说话困难。I____________________________whenIgotacold.答案：hadafroginmythroatⅠ.语言运用ThisMarch,the90thannualNationalSpellingBeewillfeatureitsyoungestcompetitorinhistory,5－year－oldEdithFullerofOklahoma.Edithqualified(有资格)forthenationalcompetitionwhenshe__1__herregionalcompetitiononSaturday,beatingmorethan50otherelementaryandmiddleschool__2__.Edith'smom,AnnieFuller,toldTulsaWorldsheonlylearnedofherdaughter's__3__skillslastsummer,whenshecorrectlyspelled“restaurant”__4__havingneverbeentaughthow.“Weknewtherewassomethingspecialthere，”Fullersaid.__5__that,Edithandhermombeganpreparingforthebee,lookingupwordsshemisspelledalongthewayto__6__theirspellingsandmeanings.“Learningthewordswasso__7__.Shewasabletolearnabout__8__countriesandculturesanddifferentkindsoffood，”Fullersaid.Despiteher__9__spellinggenius,FullersaidshewassimplyimpressedthatEdithwasableto__10__thefour－hourcompetition.“The__11__isthatshelikestomovearound，”Fullersaid.“I'm__12__shesatstillforsolong.”“It'sfunto__13__herwitheveryone.Iknewshe'dbeanovelty,soI'm__14__sheheldherown，”Fullersaid.Andthe5－year－oldchampionisfeelingprettygreataboutthecoming__15__，too.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲解并描述了来自俄克拉荷马州年仅5岁的美国女孩艾迪思·福勒，在第90届国家级(美国)拼法小蜜蜂竞赛中获得冠军的故事。1．A.won B．missedC．watched D．copied答案：A依据句中的“qualified(有资格)forthenationalcompetition”和“herregionalcompetitiononSaturday，beatingmorethan50otherelementaryandmiddleschool__2__”可知，在地区级竞赛中艾迪思·福勒胜出，因此有资格参与国家级的竞赛。故选A。2．A.teachers B．parentsC．students D．workers答案：C依据句中的“elementaryandmiddleschool”可知是指学生。故选C。3．A.writing B．spellingC．listening D．speaking答案：B依据下文“spelled‘restaurant’”可知，母亲发觉女儿在拼词方面的天赋。故选B。4．A.infearof B．becauseofC．inspiteof D．incaseof答案：C依据下文中的“havingneverbeentaughthow”可知，在没有事先教授的状况下，女儿能够正确拼法“restaurant”。inspiteof“尽管”是介词短语，符合语境。故选C。5．A.After B．BeforeC．About D．Above答案：A句意：从那次以后，艾迪斯和她的母亲就有意识为参与小蜜蜂拼词竞赛做准备。故选A。6．A.recognize B．learnC．find D．understand答案：B依据上文中的“lookingupwordsshemisspelledalongtheway”可知，学习这些词的拼法和意思。故选B。7．A.exciting B．movingC．general D．educational答案：D依据下文中的“Shewasabletolearnabout__8__countriesandculturesanddifferentkindsoffood”可知，学习单词很有教化意义。故选D。8．A.similar B．difficultC．different D．foreign答案：C依据句中的“differentkindsoffood”可知，学习到不同的国家和文化。故选C。9．A.daughter's B．son'sC．husband's D．student's答案：A这里指的是艾迪思·福勒在拼词方面的才能。故选A。10．Aeout B．stickoutC．breakout D．giveout答案：B依据下文可知她生性好动，因此她的母亲对她坚持完成4小时的竞赛感到惊异。stickout意思是“坚持”。故选B。11．A.question B．reasonC．fact D．idea答案：B依据语境“因为她生性好动”，这是缘由，故选B。12．A.frightened B．delightedC．puzzled D．surprised答案：D依据上文提到她生性好动，所以母亲对她能够坐这么长的时间感到惊异(surprised)。故选D。13．A.share B．compareC．help D．communicate答案：A能够把女儿这方面的才能展示给大家让母亲很兴奋。故选A。14．A.strange B．unbelievableC．proud D．confident答案：C由于女儿的精彩表现，母亲感到骄傲。故选C。15．A.future B．competitionC．success D．progress答案：B依据句中的coming可知，是即将到来的竞赛。故选B。Ⅱ.阅读ATheBoyintheStripedPyjamasThisbooktakesyouthroughwavesofemotionasyoustarttounderstandthemaincharacter,the9－year－oldsonBrunooftheAuschwitzcommandant(司令官).TheplottakingplaceduringtheHolocaust(大屠杀)，wewitnessthehorrorfromtheboy'sviewpoint,whojustwantsfriends.You'llbeshockedbysomeofthemoresurprisingaspectsofthebookastheboybefriendsoneoftheboysontheothersideofthefence.TheBookThiefThestoryisaboutayounggirlnamedLieselwhohastolivewithfosterparents(养父母)duringWorldWarⅡ.Onthewaytohernewhome,herbrotherdies,settingthesadtoneforthestory.Thereishope,however,whenLieseldiscoversherloveforreadingandsharesherstolenbookswithherneighborsduringbombingattacksaswellaswiththeJewishmanhiddeninherbasement.TheFaultinOurStarsThisisprobablythemostlikelybooktomakeyoucry,asitrecordstheexperiencesofteenswhoaredyingfromcancerandlivingtheirlastdaysinlove.Theirlifeistragicandjarringatthesametimeaswewatchtheirhealthdeteriorate(恶化).Therealtragedyisthelovebetweenthemaincharacters,whoknowthatitiscertainto“die”．AChildCalled“It”Easilyoneofthesaddeststoriesofabuseinrecentdecades.AchildCalled“It”isbasedonthetruestoryofDavePelzer,aboyfromCaliforniawhosufferedatthehandsofhissadistic(施虐癖的)family,thetearswillcomefrombothsadnessandtheinspirationtiedtoDave'sfightforsurvivalinanenvironmentwhereheisconsideredworthless.篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部在阐述情感上都很强大的小说。1．Whichbookisbasicallyaromance?A．TheBookThief.B．AChildCalled“It”．C．TheFaultinOurStars.D．TheBoyintheStripedPyjamas.答案：C'细微环节理解题。依据TheFaultinOurStars中的“...teenswhoaredyingfromcancerandlivingtheirlastdaysinlove”和“Therealtragedyisthelovebetweenthemaincharacters”可知，TheFaultinOurStars是一部和爱情有关的小说。故选C项。2．Whoisconsideredtohavenogoodqualitiesorusefulskillsinthefamily?A．Liesel'sbrother.B．The9－year－oldsonBruno.C．AyounggirlnamedLiesel. D．DavePelzer,aboyfromCalifornia.答案：D'细微环节理解题。依据AChildCalled“It”中的“...inanenvironmentwhereheisconsideredworthless”可知，DavePelzer，一个来自加利福尼亚的男孩被认为在家庭中没有好的品质或有用的技能。故选D项。3．Whatdothefournovelshaveincommon?A．Theyallexposethedarksideofsociety.B．Theyareallemotionallypowerful.C．Theyareallconnectedwithwars.D．Theyallhaveasadending.答案：B'推理推断题。依据TheBoyintheStripedPyjamas中的“wavesofemotion”；TheBookThief中的“herbotherdies,settingthesadtoneforthestory”；TheFaultinOurStars中的“Thisisprobablythemostlikelybooktomakeyoucry”和AChildCalled“It”中的“thetearswillcomefrombothsadnessandtheinspiration”可知，这四部小说都有很剧烈的情感阐述。故选B项。BWhenIstartedlearningwithMyEnglishTeacher.eumylevelwasintermediate.MyEnglishwasgood,butIwantedtoimproveitwithanativeteacher.SoIstartedsearchingforteachersonGoogleandYouTube,thisishowIfoundMyEnglishTeacher.eu.KnowingtheEnglishlanguageopensmanydoorsandoffersbetterchancesforone'scareer.MymaingoalistopasstheIELTSexamandcontinuestudyingattheuniversityinSaudiArabia.ThemostchallengingpartformewasEnglishwriting.MyEnglishTeacher.euishelpingmetoovercomeit.Honestly,learningEnglishwithmyEnglishteacher,Jeremy,isanamazingexperience.HeisthebestteacherfromalltheprivateteachersIhaveeverlearnedwith.Jeremyhelpedmetoimprovemygrammar,writingandspeaking.Before,Ididn'tknowwhatthedifferencebetweentenseswas.Hehasbeengivingmehomeworkthathelpsmetoimprovefaster,withalotofpracticeduringlessons.IfeellikeI'mimprovingatagoodtempoandJeremyisthebestteacherIknow.IwoulddefinitelyrecommendMyEnglishTeacher.eu'sEnglishcoursestoeverybodywhoisreadytoworkonhis/herEnglish,spendalotoftimelearning,andishappytoworktogetherwiththebestEnglishteachers,andMyEnglishTeacher.eu'sfriendlyteam.FatimaAlnaser，AccountantinDhahran,SaudiArabia篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向英语学习者举荐了一个特别好用的英语学习网站MyEnglishTeacher.eu。4．FatimaAlnaserhasgreatdifficultyin________.A．EnglishwritingB．oralcommunicationC．listeningandspeakingD．grammar答案：A细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“ThemostchallengingpartformewasEnglishwriting.”可知，作者在英语学习中遇到的最大障碍就是英语写作。故A项正确。5．ForFatimaAlnaser,workingtogetherwiththenativeteacherJeremyis________.A．unbelievablypleasant B．definitelyboringC．reallydisappointing D．soheartbreaking答案：A推理推断题。依据第四、五段的表述可知，作者与老师Jeremy(杰里米)学习期间特别和谐，作者认为Jeremy是他所遇到过的最好的英语老师。故A项正确。6．Thepurposeofwritingthepassageis________.A．tointroducevariousservicesaboutMyEnglishTeacher.euB．toemphasizetheexistenceofMyEnglishTeacher.euC．torecommendagoodwebsitetolearnersofEnglishD．toinformEnglishlearnersofsomeusefultipsaboutEnglish－learning答案：C推理推断题。本文主要是为了举荐一个好的学习网站给英语学习者，文中提到的作者所遇到的老师、英语水平的提高以及英语学习中的障碍等等，都是为了说明MyEnglishTeacher.eu是一个值得信任的网站。CLearningNewVocabularyDuringDeepSleepSleepingtimeissometimesconsideredunproductivetime.Thisraisesthequestionwhetherthetimespentduringsleepingcouldbeusedmoreproductively,e.g.forlearninganewlanguage.Sleepresearchtodatefocusedonthestabilizationandstrengtheningofmemoriesthathadbeenformedduringpreviouswakefulness.However,learningduringsleephasrarelybeenexamined.Thereisconsiderableevidenceforwake－learnedinformationundergoingrevisionbyareplayinthesleepingbrain.Thereplayduringsleepstrengthensthestillweakmemorytracesandembeds(嵌入)thenewlyacquiredinformationinthepreexistingstoreofknowledge.Ifthereplayduringsleepimprovesthestorageofwake－learnedinformation,thenfirst－play,i．e.theinitialprocessingofnewinformation,shouldalsobepossibleduringsleep.TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeexaminedwhetherasleepingpersonisabletoformnewsemanticassociationsbetweenplayedforeignwordsandtranslationwordsduringthebraincells'activestates,theso－called“Up－states\”.Itturnedouttobethatwhattheythoughtwasreasonable.Whenwereachdeepsleepstages,ourbraincellsprogressivelycoordinatetheiractivity.Duringdeepsleep,thebraincellsarecommonlyactiveforabriefperiodoftimebeforetheyjointlyenterintoastateofbriefinactivity.Theactivestateiscalled“Up－state”andtheinactivestate“Down－state”.Thetwostatesalternate(交替)abouteveryhalf－second.Newevidenceforsleep－learningchallengescurrenttheoriesofsleepandtheoriesofmemory.Theconceptofsleepasanencapsulated(被概括的)mentalstate,inwhichweareseparatedfromthephysicalenvironmentisnolongerreasonable.“Wecoulddisprovethatcomplexlearningbeimpossibleduringdeepsleep，”saysSimonRuch,co－first－author.“Inhowfarandwithwhatconsequencesdeepsleepcanbeappliedtotheacquisitionofnewinformationwillbeatopicofresearchinupcomingyears，”saysKatharinaHenke.TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeispartoftheInterfacultyResearchCooperation(IRC).Thirteenresearchgroupsinmedicine,biology,psychologyandinformationsciencearepartoftheIRC.Theaimoftheseresearchgroupsistogainabetterunderstandingofthemechanismsinvolvedinsleep,consciousnessandcognition.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一项探讨论证了在深度睡眠中学习新词汇的可能性。7．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A．“Up－state”and“Down－state”appearinturnduringdeepsleep.B．“Up－states”isanothernameforthebraincells'activestates.C．Semanticassociationsareimportantforlanguagelearning.D．Thebraincells'activestatesarecentralforsleep－learning.答案：D推理推断题。依据第三段前两句“TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeexamined...theso－called‘Up－states’.Itturnedouttobethatwhattheythoughtwasreasonable.”(探讨小组探讨了睡觉的人能否在脑细胞活跃状态下，在被播放的外来词和翻译词之间形成新的语义联系。结果证明他们的想法是合理的。)可知，当大脑处于“Up－states”时，可以进行语言学习。在这个过程中，大脑细胞的活跃状态起着主要作用。故答案是D。8．Whatwillresearchersdowithinseveralyearsaccordingtothepassage?A．Makestudyinthefollowingfieldssuchasmedicineandbiology.B．Separateusfromthephysicalenvironment.C．Applydeepsleeptoinformationlearning.D．Discovertheconceptofsleep.答案：C细微环节理解题。依据题干中的关键词researchers和withinseveralyears定位到第四段。依据该段中的“Inhowfarandwithwhatconsequences...willbeatopicofresearchinupcomingyears”可知，在将来几年，在新信息的获得方面深度睡眠能运用到何种程度以及会有何种结果将是探讨的主题。故答案是C。9．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tointroduceanewwayofvocabularylearning.B．Togainabetterunderstandingofthemechanisms.C．Tochallengecurrenttheoriesofsleepandtheoriesofmemory.D．Toexplainthepossibilityofvocabularylearningduringdeepsleep.答案：D推理推断题。第一段提出问题“Thisraisesthequestionwhetherthetimespentduringsleepingcouldbeusedmoreproductively,e.g.forlearninganewlanguage.”(这提出了问题：是否可以更有效地利用睡眠时间，例如用于学习一种新语言。)；其次段回答该问题“thenfirst－play,i．e.theinitialprocessingofnewinformation,shouldalsobepossibleduringsleep”(对新信息的初始处理，在睡眠期间也应当是可能的)；第三段通过探讨提出证据证明白其次段的猜想。最终两段进行了补充说明。据此可知，本文是为了说明在深度睡眠中，学习新的词汇是可能的。故答案是D。10．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Anovel.B．Aguidebook.C．Ascientificresearchwebsite.D．Adiary.答案：C推理推断题。依据文中的“Sleepresearchtodatefocusedon”“Thereisconsiderableevidence”“Theresearchgroup”“Theaimoftheseresearchgroups”并结合文章主旨(在深度睡眠中学习新词汇方面的科学探讨)可以推断出，本文可能出自一个科研网站，故选C。Ⅲ.七选五TherearesomanywordsinEnglishthatlearningallofthemcanseemdifficult.Tomakethingsevenmorechallenging,certainsoundsarepronounceddifferently.__1__Learnthevowel(元音)sounds.InEnglish,therearefivemainvowelletters:a,e,i,o,u.__2__Eachvowelletterhasbothashortsound(suchasthe“a”in“bat”)oralongsound(suchasthe“a”in“play”).LearnandpracticethesedifferentvowelsoundstohelpteachyouhowtopronouncecertainwordsandtoimproveyourEnglishpronunciation.__3__Oneofthemosteffectivewaystolearnalanguageistolistentosomeonespeakingit.Onceyouarefamiliarwithhowalanguagesounds,youwillbeabletostartpickinguponmoresounds,wordsandphrases.Recordyourself.__4__Tosolvethisproblemandreallyseehowyousound,tryrecordingyourself.UseasmartphoneortaperecordertoplaybackhowyousoundwhenyouarespeakingEnglish.GetaspokenEnglishtutor.Totrulyunderstandifyouaresayingandpronouncingthingstherightway,findsomeonewhocanpracticewithyouandactasaspokenEnglishtutor.__5__A．Breakdownwords.B．ListentoanEnglishspeaker.C．Sometimesthe