北京市大兴区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期中英语试卷(含解析)

2022-2023学年北京市大兴区八年级（下）期中英语试卷第一部分共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填人空白处的最佳选项。1．（0.5分）—Jim，youplaytheguitarverywell.Whotaughtyou？—Noone，Ijusttaught_________.（）A．yourself B．himself C．herself D．myself2．（0.5分）Wehaveahistoryclass_____Fridayafternoon.（）A．to B．at C．in D．on3．（0.5分）﹣yougivemeahand？Ican'tmovetheboxbymyself．﹣Noproblem．（）A．Could B．Should C．Must D．Need4．（0.5分）﹣_________doesthemuseumopenattheweekends？﹣At9：00am．（）A．How B．Where C．Why D．When5．（0.5分）_____it'sverydifficult，remembernottogiveupuntilthelastminute.（）A．Unless B．Until C．Although D．Since6．（0.5分）Aftertakingfootballlessons，Tomismuch_____thanlastyear.（）A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．thestrongest7．（0.5分）Harryinvitedme_______withhimwhenhisparentswereoutoftown．（）A．stay B．stayed C．staying D．tostay8．（0.5分）﹣Tina，whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends？﹣Iusually_____swimmingwithmyparents.（）A．go B．goes C．going D．went9．（0.5分）Look!Somechildren_____kitesontheplayground.（）A．fly B．flew C．areflying D．willfly10．（0.5分）—Tina，howwasyourweekend？—Great!We________apicnicinthepark.（）A．have B．had C．willhave D．arehaving11．（0.5分）IfyouwanttovisitthePalaceMuseumtomorrow，I_____ticketsforyou.（）A．book B．booked C．willbook D．wasbooking12．（0.5分）I_____asweetdreamwhenmyfriendcalledmethismorning.（）A．have B．had C．amhaving D．washaving二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。13．（8分）WhenIwasalittlegirl，myfatherlovedtoplaycatchwithme.Iwasn'tverygoodatit，buthewouldencourage（鼓励）（1）tellingme"keepyoureyeontheball"asIwouldnotbeabletocatcheventheeasiestofthrows.AsIgotolder，wedidn'tplaycatchasmuch.IfIhadaproblem，Iwouldgotomyfathertoaskforhis（2）.Hewouldtrytojokewithmeandsay"keepyoureyeontheball".Wewouldboth（3）becauseusuallythatsuggestiondidnotapplyto（适用于）theproblem，buthewould（4）tomakemesmile.Myfatherbecameillin1995whenIwas23.Ashesufferedfromastroke（中风），hecouldnot（5）.Thereweren'tanymoreconversations.Hecouldonlymouthwords，whichweresometimeshardtounderstand.Afterawhile，Iseemedtobeprettygoodatreadinghislips（嘴唇）（6）him.Duringourlast（7），IwastellinghimaboutaproblemIwashavingwithmywork.Onceagain，Icouldreadhislips："Keepyoureyeontheball."Webothsmiled.Thatwasthe（8）timeIsawmyfatherbeforehepassedaway.Sincethen，"keepyoureyeontheball"hasbecomeawayformetogetridofstress.（1）A.alwaysB.neverC.hardlyD.sometimes（2）A.moneyB.informationC.adviceD.understanding（3）A.cryB.laughC.waveD.hit（4）A.tryB.refuseC.forgetD.stop（5）A.eatB.hearC.walkD.speak（6）A.lookingatB.playingwithC.caringforD.hearingfrom（7）A.competitionB.conversationC.fightingD.training（8）A.lateB.badC.funD.last三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。14．（6分）Teenagers'ProblemsProblemsAdviceIalwaysgetbadmarksinmath.I'mveryworriedaboutit.A.Maybeyoucouldtrydroppingafewhints（提示）hereandtherefirst.Somethinglike，"Sorry，I'mtoopoor."Ifitdoesn'twork，youcantalktohimsothathewillremembertogivebackthemoney.B.It'salwaysupsettingtogetagradethat'slowerthanwhatyouhopedfor，butit'simportantnottoletitgetyoudown.Trytolearnfromyourmistakesandworkhardertodobetterinthefuture.Seekadvicefromclassmates.Theymaygivesomegoodsuggestions.I'mveryshy.I'mafraidofspeakinginpublic.C.Practicemakesperfect.Whydon'tyoupracticespeakinginaparkeveryday？Themoreyoupractise，thebetteryouspeak.Whenyouareusedtofacingsomanypeople，youwillfeellessnervous.Mybestfriend，Jack，borrowedmoneyfrommewithoutreturningit.D.Don'tbeshy.Rememberyoushouldjustbeyourself.Wemustbeconfidentenoughtofacepressure.Ifyoudon'thaveenoughconfidence，youwillfeeltoostressedouttodancewell.Forquestions1﹣3，matchtheperson'sproblemwiththerightadvice（A﹣D）.（1）Peter'sproblem（2）Amy'sproblem（3）Tom'sproblemA.AdviceAB.AdviceBC.AdviceCD.AdviceD15．（6分）MybrotherandIoftenfightwitheachotheroversmallthings.Onedayourfathersaidtous，"TomorrowwewilltakepartintheRayHomeSportsDay.Bothofyoumustgowithme.Perhapsyoucanlearnsomethingfromthosechildren."Mybrotherlaughed，"Dad"Youwillsee，"ourfathersaid.OurfatherworksasavolunteeratRay.Thechildrentherehaveproblemswiththeirhands，speech，walkingorhearing.EverydayThefollowingday，hetookustoRayHome.Whenwegotthere，wefoundaniceplacetositdown.Finally，allthechildrenmovedasfastastheycould.Justthen，oneofthegirlsfelloverandhurtherleg.Shebegantocryatthetopofhervoice.Allthechildrenstoppedtohelpthepoorgirl.Thentheyallheldhandsandfinishedtheracetogether.MybrotherandIweresurprisedtoseethis：thechildrenweren'tinterestedinwinningtherace﹣﹣theyweremoreinterestedinhelpingeachothertofinishtherace.（1）ThefatherwantedthewriterandhisbrothertoatRayHome.A.workasvolunteersB.helpthedisabledchildrenC.takepartinthesportscompetitionD.learnsomethingfromthechildren（2）Whydidallthechildrenstopinthe50﹣meterrace？A.Alittlegirlraisedhervoice.B.Theystoppedtolaughatthegirl.C.Alittlegirlgothurtandneededhelp.D.Theywantedtofinishtheracetogether.（3）Accordingtothepassage，wecanknow.A.thechildrenatRayweren'tabletorunfastB.thewriterwillkeepfightingwithhisbrotheraftertheraceC.thefatherissmartenoughtoteachhischildrenagoodlessonD.thewriter'sbrotherwantedtobethewinnerinthe50﹣meterrace16．（6分）DoEncyclopediasKnowEverything？LongbeforeWikipedia（维基百科）orEncyclopediaBritannica（大英百科全书），therewasPlinytheElder.Hewasafirst﹣centuryRomanresearcher.Hisassistantsreadtohimwhileheatedinnerandwhilehebathed.Plinytooknotes.Heeventhoughtwalkingisawasteoftime.HisassistantscarriedhimaroundRomeinachairwhileheread.AllofthiswasdoneinpreparationforhisHistoriaNaturalis（博物志）.ThebookcameoutinA.D.77.Itistheoldestsurviving（现存的）encyclopediaonEarth.Thereare2"NoRomanwriterhascompletedsuchaproject，"Plinyproudlydeclared.Unluckily，twoyearsafterhavingpublished（出版）theencyclopediaAccidentscanhardlybeavoided.However，theycanberecorded（记录）.Editors（编辑），likePliny，organizetheknowledgeofourworld.LikeavaluablegiftTherefore，inmyopinion，anencyclopediaisnotjustarecordofwhatitseditorsknowPlinywaswrongwhenhesaidthereweresevenplanets，includingtheSunandtheMoon.Hewaswrong，too，HistoriaNaturalisisabookeditedbyaRomanthousandsofyearsago.Itrecordedallofthethingshetrulyknewatthetime.Similarly，IbelievebothWikipediaandEncyclopediaBritannicahavesomeinaccurate（不准确的）information.Eventhebiggestencyclopediasonlyshowwhattheireditorsknow."Thetaskofeditinganencyclopediacanneverbecompleted，"saidRogerLewinter，anAmericanresearcher.Encyclopediascan'trecordallofhumanknowledgebutjustsomeofit.Theyarealwayswaitingforsomeone﹣you（1）BeforePlinycompletedHistoriaNaturalis，accordingtothepassage.A.nobodyknewwhatMarswasB.therewasnoencyclopediaonEarthC.nobodyhadconsideredwalkingawasteoftimeD.noRomanwriterhadcompletedanencyclopedia（2）Theunderlinedword"declared"（inParagraph3）means"".A.madeB.saidC.createdD.laughed（3）Thewriterexpectshisreadersto.A.improveanencyclopediaB.findallthemistakesinHistoriaNaturalisC.completethetaskofeditinganencyclopediaD.takealookattheworld'sbiggestencyclopedia17．（8分）DavidStrayernevertextsortalksonaphonewhenheisdriving.StrayerisafamouspsychologistattheUniversityofUtah.Hisresearch（研究）showsthat，whendrivingStrayerandotherscientistswarnagainstmultitasking（多任务处理）.Whenwedomanythingsatthesametime，Strayersays（专注）.Dr.GloriaMark，adigitalmediaresearcher，ateenagerspendsbetween7and11hoursadayinfrontofascreen﹣﹣doinghomework，texting，whenwespendhoursondigitaldevices，ouroverallproductivitydecreases（下降）Manydigitalactivitiesrequirehighlevelsofconcentration（专注力）.Whenwetextoremailsomeone，forexample，weneedtouseevenmoreenergy.Toomuchmultitaskingreducesourabilitytothinkclearlyandcreatively.Thiscanresultinstress.Whatisthebestwaytohelpuslowertoomuchstress？DavidStrayersaystheanswerissimple：Spendsometimeinnature.Strayerandotherscientistsarestudyingnature'seffect（影响）onourbrainsandbodies.Whenweareinnaturalenvironment，thebrain'scontrolcenterrelaxes.Studiesshowthatwhenpeoplecanseetreesandgrass，theydobetterondifferenttasks.Otherpsychologistsarealsostudying"naturetherapy（疗法）".InastudyatChibaUniversityinJapan，aresearchernamedYoshifumiMiyazakifoundthatforestswalkersdidbetterthanthecitywalkers.Hehasanexplanationfortheseresults."Ourbodiesrelaxinthenaturalenvironment，"Humansevolved（进化）inthatenvironment（1）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Researchshowsthatspendingtimeinnaturecanreducestress.B.Longworkinghoursisthemainreasontorisinglevelsofstress.C.Morepeopletodayareimprovingtheirnaturalenvironment.D.Forabetterlife，peopleshouldmoveawayfromcities.（2）Anexampleofmultitaskingis.A.watchingamoviewithagroupoffriendsB.takingalotofphotosduringavisittoaparkC.visitinganumberofcitiesduringaroadtripD.makingaphonecallwhiletypinganemail（3）WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout？A.Whypeopleoftenplaygamestoreducestress.B.Whycertainactivitiesrequirealotoffocus.C.Howmultitaskingcausespressure.D.Whatmultitaskingmeans.（4）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.AWaytoAvoidMultitaskingB.ANaturalTherapyC.TheEffectsofMultitaskingD.TheImportanceofConcentration第二部分本部分共6题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。四、阅读表达（每题2分，共10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。18．（10分）ATeenagerwithAutismSwimstowardVictoryChenXingrongwonfivemedals，includingagold，atthe11thNationalGamesforPersonswithDisabilitiesandthe8thNationalSpecialOlympicsGames.BorninHainanProvince，ChenXingrongcouldnotsayaworduntilhewas2yearsold.WhenChenXingrongwasfoundautistic（自闭的），hisparentswereworried.In2012，sohespentmonthslearninghowtoswimbywatchingvideosandreadingbooks.WhenChenXingrongwas5yearsold，hebegantoteachhimhowtoswim.Attheverybeginning，butallhiseffortsfailed（失败）.Tohissurprise，hediscoveredthathissonhaddevelopedtheabilitytocontrolhisbreathunderwater.Itgreatlyincreasedhisconfidence.Soonswimmingbecameakeyactivityofthefamily.Hisfatherplannedallhisexercisesforhimatfirst，butthenitwasalluptohim.Hedecidedhowmanyexerciseshewantedtodo（坚持），hesucceededinwinningmanymedalsintheswimmingcompetitions.Aswellasswimming，learningbasiclifeskillsisalsoanimportantpartoflifeforateenagerwithautism.Hisfatherhopesthathissoncanlivewellonhisownwhenheandhiswifegrowold.Tohelpthepublictoknowmoreaboutautisticpeoplesoastoreducemisunderstanding，heonceorganized（组织）Thankstohisfather'sendlessefforts，ChenXingronghaslearnedtobuyfoodinthemarketintheirneighborhood.Healsodoesvoluntaryjobsatsupermarketsandfast﹣foodrestaurants，suchasarrangingshelvesandcleaningdiningtables."Heisgoodatskillfullyarrangingthings.Heispartofthecommunity，"hisfathersaysproudly.（1）WhencouldChenXingrongsayaword？（2）WhydidChenXingrongneedtolearnswimmingathisearlyyear？（3）WhatmadeChenXingrongsucceedinswimming？（4）HowdidChenXingrong'sfatherhelpthepublictounderstandautisticpeople？（5）Whatcanwedotohelppeoplewithautism？Why？五、文段表达（10分）从下面两个题目中任选一题19．（10分）根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。大兴区正在争创全国文明城区（China'sNationalCivilizedCity）。假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对此很感兴趣，以及你的愿望。现在请你写一封信回复他。提示词语：volunteer，clean，sortout（分类）（社会主义核心价值观）提示问题：●Whenandwheredidyoutakepartintheactivities？●Whatdidyoudo？●Whatisyourwish？DearPeter，MyhometownisworkinghardtowinthetitleofChina'sNationalCivilizedCity.__________________Ifyouhaveanyotherquestions，pleaseletmeknow.Yours，LiHua20．根据所给提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。劳动是一种美德。参与家务劳动是劳动实践的重要方式。某英文网站正在开展以"家务劳动我能行"为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你对做家务的看法、你经常做哪些家务提示词语：necessary，sweep，takeout提示问题：●Whatdoyouthinkofdoingchores？●Whatchoresdoyouoftendo？●Whatcanyougetfromdoingthem？Doingchoresplaysanimportantpartinmiddleschoolstudents'lives._________________

2022-2023学年北京市大兴区八年级（下）期中英语试卷（参考答案）第一部分共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填人空白处的最佳选项。1．（0.5分）—Jim，youplaytheguitarverywell.Whotaughtyou？—Noone，Ijusttaught_________.（）A．yourself B．himself C．herself D．myself【解答】yourself你自己；himself他自己；myself我自己，我"可知，我自己"。故选：D。2．（0.5分）Wehaveahistoryclass_____Fridayafternoon.（）A．to B．at C．in D．on【解答】介词表达时间时：in通常用于四季、某年；on通常用于具体某天、下午；at用于具体几点钟afternoon（星期五下午），用on，不表达时间。故选：D。3．（0.5分）﹣yougivemeahand？Ican'tmovetheboxbymyself．﹣Noproblem．（）A．Could B．Should C．Must D．Need【解答】could能，会，是can的过去式，不是一般过去时；must必须；need需要，前句为"你能帮我一下吗，要填"could"表示委婉语气，也不符合语法．故选：A．4．（0.5分）﹣_________doesthemuseumopenattheweekends？﹣At9：00am．（）A．How B．Where C．Why D．When【解答】How怎么；Where在哪里；When什么时候，可知。故选：D。5．（0.5分）_____it'sverydifficult，remembernottogiveupuntilthelastminute.（）A．Unless B．Until C．Although D．Since【解答】Unless除非，如果不；Although尽管。根据remembertouptheminute"记住直到最后也不能放弃"可知。故选：C。6．（0.5分）Aftertakingfootballlessons，Tomismuch_____thanlastyear.（）A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．thestrongest【解答】根据题干中的关键词"than"，可知：空白处应是形容词比较级stronger.故选：B。7．（0.5分）Harryinvitedme_______withhimwhenhisparentswereoutoftown．（）A．stay B．stayed C．staying D．tostay【解答】根据Harryinvitedwithwhenparentsouttown．故选：D．8．（0.5分）﹣Tina，whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends？﹣Iusually_____swimmingwithmyparents.（）A．go B．goes C．going D．went【解答】A.动词原形；B.第三人称单数形式；D.过去式，可知时态是一般现在时。故选：A。9．（0.5分）Look!Somechildren_____kitesontheplayground.（）A．fly B．flew C．areflying D．willfly【解答】结合look可知动作正在进行，故用现在进行时be+doing，故用are。故选：C。10．（0.5分）—Tina，howwasyourweekend？—Great!We________apicnicinthepark.（）A．have B．had C．willhave D．arehaving【解答】haveapicnic野餐；had过去式形式；arehaving现在进行时，因此本题正确答案是B。故选：B。11．（0.5分）IfyouwanttovisitthePalaceMuseumtomorrow，I_____ticketsforyou.（）A．book B．booked C．willbook D．wasbooking【解答】if意为"如果"，引导条件状语从句，主语+将来时，将要……；booked过去式；wasbooking过去进行时。故选：C。12．（0.5分）I_____asweetdreamwhenmyfriendcalledmethismorning.（）A．have B．had C．amhaving D．washaving【解答】have有，动词原形；am；was．结合句意可知，表达当我的朋友打电话给我的时候，因此主句用过去进行时。故选：D。二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。13．（8分）WhenIwasalittlegirl，myfatherlovedtoplaycatchwithme.Iwasn'tverygoodatit，buthewouldencourage（鼓励）（1）Atellingme"keepyoureyeontheball"asIwouldnotbeabletocatcheventheeasiestofthrows.AsIgotolder，wedidn'tplaycatchasmuch.IfIhadaproblem，Iwouldgotomyfathertoaskforhis（2）C.Hewouldtrytojokewithmeandsay"keepyoureyeontheball".Wewouldboth（3）Bbecauseusuallythatsuggestiondidnotapplyto（适用于）theproblem，buthewould（4）Atomakemesmile.Myfatherbecameillin1995whenIwas23.Ashesufferedfromastroke（中风），hecouldnot（5）D.Thereweren'tanymoreconversations.Hecouldonlymouthwords，whichweresometimeshardtounderstand.Afterawhile，Iseemedtobeprettygoodatreadinghislips（嘴唇）（6）Chim.Duringourlast（7）B，IwastellinghimaboutaproblemIwashavingwithmywork.Onceagain，Icouldreadhislips："Keepyoureyeontheball."Webothsmiled.Thatwasthe（8）DtimeIsawmyfatherbeforehepassedaway.Sincethen，"keepyoureyeontheball"hasbecomeawayformetogetridofstress.（1）A.alwaysB.neverC.hardlyD.sometimes（2）A.moneyB.informationC.adviceD.understanding（3）A.cryB.laughC.waveD.hit（4）A.tryB.refuseC.forgetD.stop（5）A.eatB.hearC.walkD.speak（6）A.lookingatB.playingwithC.caringforD.hearingfrom（7）A.competitionB.conversationC.fightingD.training（8）A.lateB.badC.funD.last【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：他总是告诉我"眼睛要盯着球"，即使是最简单的扔球；B.never从不；D.sometimes有时wasn'tgoodit（我不太擅长它）可知因为我不擅长。所以选always符合题意。（2）考查名词。句意：如果我有问题。A.money金钱；C.advice建议；根据下文becausethatdidapply（适用于）problem（因为通常那个建议并不适用于实际问题）可知此处应该是向父亲寻求建议。（3）考查动词。句意：我们都笑了，但他会努力让我笑；Blaugh笑；D.hit袭击，当作者向父亲寻求建议时youronball（眼睛要盯着球）这个建议并不适用于这个问题。故选B。（4）考查动词。句意：我们都笑了，但他会努力让我笑；B.refuse拒绝；D.stop停止，每次寻求建议，因为这个建议并不适用于这个问题，因此选try。（5）考查动词。句意：因为他中风了。A.eat吃；C.walk步行；根据Assufferedastrokeweren'tmore。）应该是不能说话了。（6）考查动词短语。句意：过了一段时间，甚至比照顾他的护士还好；B.playing；C.caring；Dhearingfrom收到...来信nurseswere...。故选C。（7）考查名词。句意：在我们最后一次对话中。A.competition比赛；C.fighting打架；根据Once，Icouldhis"Keepeyethe（再一次。"）可知应该是在最后一次对话中。（8）考查形容词。句意：那是我父亲去世前我最后一次见到他；B.bad坏的；D.last最后的heaway（在他去世前）可知应该是父亲去世前最后一次见面。三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。14．（6分）Teenagers'ProblemsProblemsAdviceIalwaysgetbadmarksinmath.I'mveryworriedaboutit.A.Maybeyoucouldtrydroppingafewhints（提示）hereandtherefirst.Somethinglike，"Sorry，I'mtoopoor."Ifitdoesn'twork，youcantalktohimsothathewillremembertogivebackthemoney.B.It'salwaysupsettingtogetagradethat'slowerthanwhatyouhopedfor，butit'simportantnottoletitgetyoudown.Trytolearnfromyourmistakesandworkhardertodobetterinthefuture.Seekadvicefromclassmates.Theymaygivesomegoodsuggestions.I'mveryshy.I'mafraidofspeakinginpublic.C.Practicemakesperfect.Whydon'tyoupracticespeakinginaparkeveryday？Themoreyoupractise，thebetteryouspeak.Whenyouareusedtofacingsomanypeople，youwillfeellessnervous.Mybestfriend，Jack，borrowedmoneyfrommewithoutreturningit.D.Don'tbeshy.Rememberyoushouldjustbeyourself.Wemustbeconfidentenoughtofacepressure.Ifyoudon'thaveenoughconfidence，youwillfeeltoostressedouttodancewell.Forquestions1﹣3，matchtheperson'sproblemwiththerightadvice（A﹣D）.（1）Peter'sproblemB（2）Amy'sproblemD（3）Tom'sproblemAA.AdviceAB.AdviceBC.AdviceCD.AdviceD【解答】推理判断题。（1）根据Ialwaysgetbadmarksinmath.I'mveryworriedaboutit.（我的数学成绩总是不好。我很担心，结合选项，但重要的是不要因此而沮丧，努力工作。向同学寻求建议。"故选B。（2）根据I'mveryshy.I'mafraidofspeakinginpublic.（我很害羞。我害怕在公共场合讲话，结合选项。记住。我们必须有足够的信心来面对压力，你就会感到压力太大。"故选D。（3）根据Mybestfriend，Jack。）可知说的是借钱不还，应说"也许你可以试着先在这里或那里给出一些暗示，"对不起，我太穷了，你可以和他谈谈。"故选A。15．（6分）MybrotherandIoftenfightwitheachotheroversmallthings.Onedayourfathersaidtous，"TomorrowwewilltakepartintheRayHomeSportsDay.Bothofyoumustgowithme.Perhapsyoucanlearnsomethingfromthosechildren."Mybrotherlaughed，"Dad"Youwillsee，"ourfathersaid.OurfatherworksasavolunteeratRay.Thechildrentherehaveproblemswiththeirhands，speech，walkingorhearing.EverydayThefollowingday，hetookustoRayHome.Whenwegotthere，wefoundaniceplacetositdown.Finally，allthechildrenmovedasfastastheycould.Justthen，oneofthegirlsfelloverandhurtherleg.Shebegantocryatthetopofhervoice.Allthechildrenstoppedtohelpthepoorgirl.Thentheyallheldhandsandfinishedtheracetogether.MybrotherandIweresurprisedtoseethis：thechildrenweren'tinterestedinwinningtherace﹣﹣theyweremoreinterestedinhelpingeachothertofinishtherace.（1）ThefatherwantedthewriterandhisbrothertoDatRayHome.A.workasvolunteersB.helpthedisabledchildrenC.takepartinthesportscompetitionD.learnsomethingfromthechildren（2）Whydidallthechildrenstopinthe50﹣meterrace？CA.Alittlegirlraisedhervoice.B.Theystoppedtolaughatthegirl.C.Alittlegirlgothurtandneededhelp.D.Theywantedtofinishtheracetogether.（3）Accordingtothepassage，wecanknowC.A.thechildrenatRayweren'tabletorunfastB.thewriterwillkeepfightingwithhisbrotheraftertheraceC.thefatherissmartenoughtoteachhischildrenagoodlessonD.thewriter'sbrotherwantedtobethewinnerinthe50﹣meterrace【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Oneoursaidus，wetakeinRaySportsofmustwithyoulearnfromchildren."，爸爸对我们说："明天我们要参加RayHome运动会。也许你可以从那些孩子身上学到一些东西，父亲想让作者和他的弟弟从RayHome的孩子们身上学到一些东西。（2）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Just，onethefellandherbegancrytheofvoice.（就在这时，伤了腿。）以及最后一段Allchildrentothegirl.（所有的孩子都停下来帮助那个可怜的女孩，所有的孩子在50米赛跑中都停下来是因为一个小女孩受伤了。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据第一段Oneoursaidus，wetakeinRaySportsofmustwithyoulearnfromchildren."，爸爸对我们说："明天我们要参加雷家运动会。也许你可以从那些孩子身上学到一些东西thestoppedhelppoortheyheldandthetogether.MyandIsurprisedseechildreninterestedwinningrace﹣﹣theymoreineachtothe。然后他们手拉手一起完成了比赛。）可知，给他的孩子上了一堂很好的一课。16．（6分）DoEncyclopediasKnowEverything？LongbeforeWikipedia（维基百科）orEncyclopediaBritannica（大英百科全书），therewasPlinytheElder.Hewasafirst﹣centuryRomanresearcher.Hisassistantsreadtohimwhileheatedinnerandwhilehebathed.Plinytooknotes.Heeventhoughtwalkingisawasteoftime.HisassistantscarriedhimaroundRomeinachairwhileheread.AllofthiswasdoneinpreparationforhisHistoriaNaturalis（博物志）.ThebookcameoutinA.D.77.Itistheoldestsurviving（现存的）encyclopediaonEarth.Thereare2"NoRomanwriterhascompletedsuchaproject，"Plinyproudlydeclared.Unluckily，twoyearsafterhavingpublished（出版）theencyclopediaAccidentscanhardlybeavoided.However，theycanberecorded（记录）.Editors（编辑），likePliny，organizetheknowledgeofourworld.LikeavaluablegiftTherefore，inmyopinion，anencyclopediaisnotjustarecordofwhatitseditorsknowPlinywaswrongwhenhesaidthereweresevenplanets，includingtheSunandtheMoon.Hewaswrong，too，HistoriaNaturalisisabookeditedbyaRomanthousandsofyearsago.Itrecordedallofthethingshetrulyknewatthetime.Similarly，IbelievebothWikipediaandEncyclopediaBritannicahavesomeinaccurate（不准确的）information.Eventhebiggestencyclopediasonlyshowwhattheireditorsknow."Thetaskofeditinganencyclopediacanneverbecompleted，"saidRogerLewinter，anAmericanresearcher.Encyclopediascan'trecordallofhumanknowledgebutjustsomeofit.Theyarealwayswaitingforsomeone﹣you（1）BeforePlinycompletedHistoriaNaturalis，Daccordingtothepassage.A.nobodyknewwhatMarswasB.therewasnoencyclopediaonEarthC.nobodyhadconsideredwalkingawasteoftimeD.noRomanwriterhadcompletedanencyclopedia（2）Theunderlinedword"declared"（inParagraph3）means"B".A.madeB.saidC.createdD.laughed（3）ThewriterexpectshisreaderstoA.A.improveanencyclopediaB.findallthemistakesinHistoriaNaturalisC.completethetaskofeditinganencyclopediaD.takealookattheworld'sbiggestencyclopedia【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段ItthesurvivingencyclopediaEarth.（它是地球上现存最古老的百科全书。故选D。（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段Nowritercompletedaproject（没有一位罗马作家完成过这样的工程）以及Pliny骄傲地）可知最接近的是他骄傲地说。（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Encyclopediasrecordofknowledgejustofarewaitingsomeone﹣，perhaps﹣﹣tothem.（百科全书不能记录人类所有的知识。它们总是在等待某个人﹣也许是你﹣来改善它们。故选A。17．（8分）DavidStrayernevertextsortalksonaphonewhenheisdriving.StrayerisafamouspsychologistattheUniversityofUtah.Hisresearch（研究）showsthat，whendrivingStrayerandotherscientistswarnagainstmultitasking（多任务处理）.Whenwedomanythingsatthesametime，Strayersays（专注）.Dr.GloriaMark，adigitalmediaresearcher，ateenagerspendsbetween7and11hoursadayinfrontofascreen﹣﹣doinghomework，texting，whenwespendhoursondigitaldevices，ouroverallproductivitydecreases（下降）Manydigitalactivitiesrequirehighlevelsofconcentration（专注力）.Whenwetextoremailsomeone，forexample，weneedtouseevenmoreenergy.Toomuchmultitaskingreducesourabilitytothinkclearlyandcreatively.Thiscanresultinstress.Whatisthebestwaytohelpuslowertoomuchstress？DavidStrayersaystheanswerissimple：Spendsometimeinnature.Strayerandotherscientistsarestudyingnature'seffect（影响）onourbrainsandbodies.Whenweareinnaturalenvironment，thebrain'scontrolcenterrelaxes.Studiesshowthatwhenpeoplecanseetreesandgrass，theydobetterondifferenttasks.Otherpsychologistsarealsostudying"naturetherapy（疗法）".InastudyatChibaUniversityinJapan，aresearchernamedYoshifumiMiyazakifoundthatforestswalkersdidbetterthanthecitywalkers.Hehasanexplanationfortheseresults."Ourbodiesrelaxinthenaturalenvironment，"Humansevolved（进化）inthatenvironment（1）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？AA.Researchshowsthatspendingtimeinnaturecanreducestress.B.Longworkinghoursisthemainreasontorisinglevelsofstress.C.Morepeopletodayareimprovingtheirnaturalenvironment.D.Forabetterlife，peopleshouldmoveawayfromcities.（2）AnexampleofmultitaskingisD.A.watchingamoviewithagroupoffriendsB.takingalotofphotosduringavisittoaparkC.visitinganumberofcitiesduringaroadtripD.makingaphonecallwhiletypinganemail（3）WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout？CA.Whypeopleoftenplaygamestoreducestress.B.Whycertainactivitiesrequirealotoffocus.C.Howmultitaskingcausespressure.D.Whatmultitaskingmeans.（4）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？BA.AWaytoAvoidMultitaskingB.ANaturalTherapyC.TheEffectsofMultitaskingD.TheImportanceofConcentration【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第五段isbesttoustoostressStrayertheissomein？DavidStrayer说答案很简单：花点时间在大自然中，我们能从文章中学到花时间在大自然中可以减轻压力。（2）推理判断题。A.和一群朋友看电影；C.在一次公路旅行中参观许多城市。根据第二段中Strayerotherwarnmultitasking.Whendothingsthetimesaysbraintired。Strayer说，我们的大脑很容易疲劳，多任务处理是指同时做多件事情。故选D。（3）段落大意题。通读文章第三段可知，因为我们的大脑需要能量，我们就需要消耗更多的精力，因此而导致压力。"符合题意。（4）标题归纳题。通读全文可知，由此引出了后半部分对如何运用"自然疗法"应对多任务处理带来的压力的介绍，这篇文章主要是在介绍一种应对多任务处理带来的压力的方法。故选B。第二部分本部分共6题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。四、阅读表达（每题2分，共10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。18．（10分）ATeenagerwithAutismSwimstowardVictoryChenXingrongwonfivemedals，includingagold，atthe11thNationalGamesforPersonswithDisabilitiesandthe8thNationalSpecialOlympicsGames.