国际贸易术语解释通则2010之EXW(中英对照版)

RULESFORANYMODEORMODESOFTRANSPORT适用于任一运输方式或多种运输方式的规则EXWORKS工厂交货EXW(insertnamedplaceofdelivery)Incoterms2010工厂交货(…指定地点)GUIDANCENOTE序言Thisrulemaybeusedirrespectiveofthemodeoftransportselectedandmayalsobeusedwheremorethanonemodeoftransportisemployed.Itissuitablefordomestictrade,whileFCAisusuallymoreappropriateforinternationaltrade.“ExWorks”meansthatthesellerdeliverswhenitplacesthegoodsatthedisposalofthebuyerattheseller’spremisesoratanothernamedplace(i.e.,works,factory,warehouse,etc.).Thesellerdoesnotneedtoloadthegoodsonanycollectingvehicle,nordoesitneedtoclearthegoodsforexport,wheresuchclearanceisapplicable.Thepartiesarewelladvisedtospecifyasclearlyaspossiblethepointwithinthenamedplaceofdelivery,asthecostsandriskstothatpointarefortheaccountoftheseller.Thebuyerbearsallcostsandrisksinvolvedintakingthegoodsfromtheagreedpoint,ifany,atthenamedplaceofdelivery.该术语适用于所选择的任一运输方式,也可被用于多式联运。该术语适用于国内贸易,而FCA更适用于国际贸易。EXWorks是指当卖方在其所在地或其他指定的地点(如工场、工厂或仓库)将货物交给买方处置时,即完成交货,卖方不需要将货物装上任何买方付费的运输工具,也不需要办理出口清关手续,即使这种清关是适用的。当事人最好明确指定交付地点,同样也要明确到达指定地点的费用及风险由卖方承担。买方承担在双方协定地点或指定交付地点受领货物的全部费用和风险。EXWrepresentstheminimumobligationfortheseller.Theruleshouldbeusedwithcareas:a)Thesellerhasnoobligationtothebuyertoloadthegoods,eventhoughinpracticethesellermaybeinabetterpositiontodoso.Ifthesellerdoesloadthegoods,itdoessoatthebuyer’sriskandexpense.Incaseswherethesellerisinabetterpositiontoloadthegoods,FCA,whichobligesthesellertodosoatitsownriskandexpense,isusuallymoreappropriate.b)AbuyerwhobuysfromaselleronanEXWbasisforexportneedstobeawarethatthesellerhasanobligationtoprovideonlysuchassistanceasthebuyermayrequiretoeffectthatexport:thesellerisnotboundtoorganizetheexportclearance.BuyersarethereforewelladvisednottouseEXWiftheycannotdirectlyorindirectlyobtainexportclearance.c)Thebuyerhaslimitedobligationstoprovidetotheselleranyinformationregardingtheexportofthegoods.However,thesellermayneedthisinformationfor,e.g.,taxationorreportingpurposes.EXW是卖方承担责任最小的术语,使用该术语时应注意:a)卖方没有义务为买方装载货物,即使在实践中卖方更适合负责装载。即使卖方装载了货物,那也应由买方负担所需费用和风险。当卖方拥有良好的装载条件时,强制卖方负担风险和费用装载货物的FCA(货交承运人)通常更加适用。b)基于EXW对出口的规定,买方必须明确卖方仅仅有义务在买方需要办理出口时提供帮助,但没有义务为其办理出口清关手续。因此在买方不能直接或间接办理出口手续时,不应使用该术语。c)买方对向卖方提供货物出口的相关信息负有限责任。然而,买方也许会需要这些信息,例如税款及目的报告。ATHESELLER’OBLIGATIONS卖方义务A1Generalobligationsoftheseller卖方基本义务Thesellermustprovidethegoodsandthecommercialinvoiceinconformitywiththecontractofsaleandanyotherevidenceofconformitythatmayberequiredbythecontract.AnydocumentreferredtoinA1-A10maybeanequivalentelectronicrecordorprocedureifagreedbetweenthepartiesorcustomary.卖方必须提供符合销售合同规定的货物和合同可能要求的、证明货物符合合同规定的其他任何凭证。以及经当事人同意或根据交易习惯在A1-A10中提到的任何有同等作用的电子记录或程序的凭证。A2Licences,authorizations,securityclearancesandotherformalities许可,授权,安全许可和其他正式手续Whereapplicable,thesellermustprovidethebuyer,atthebuyer’srequest,riskandexpense,assistanceinobtaininganyexportlicence,orotherofficialauthorizationnecessaryfortheexportofthegoods.Whereapplicable,thesellermustprovide,atthebuyer’srequest,riskandexpense,anyinformationinthepossessionofthesellerthatisrequiredforthesecurityclearanceofthegoods.应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用,在需要办理清关手续时,卖方必须给予买方一切协助,以帮助买方取得为货物出口所需的出口许可证或其他官方许可。应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用,在需要办理清关手续时,卖方必须提供由其占有的对办理货物安全许可必需的信息。A3Contractsofcarriageandinsurance运输合同和保险合同a)Contractofcarriage运输合同Thesellerhasnoobligationtothebuyertomakeacontractofcarriage.卖方没有义务为买方订立运输合同。b)Contractofinsurance保险合同Thesellerhasnoobligationtothebuyertomakeacontractofinsurance.However,thesellermustprovidethebuyer,atthebuyer’srequest,riskandexpense(ifany),withinformationthatthebuyerneedsforobtaininginsurance.卖方没有义务为买方订立保险合同。但应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用,卖方必须提供给买方需要办理保险的相关信息。A4Delivery交货Thesellermustdeliverthegoodsbyplacingthematthedisposalofthebuyerattheagreedpoint,ifany,atthenamedplaceofdelivery,notloadedonanycollectingvehicle.Ifnospecificpointhasbeenagreedwithinthenamedplaceofdelivery,andifthereareseveralpointsavailable,thesellermayselectthepointthatbestsuitsitspurpose.Thesellermustdeliverthegoodsontheagreeddateorwithintheagreedperiod.卖方必须按照合同约定的日期或期限,在双方协定的地点或指定交付地点将未置于任何买方付费的运输车辆上的货物交给买方处置。若在指定交付地点内未约定具体交货点,或有若干个交货点可使用,则卖方可在交货地点中选择最适合其目的的交货点。A5Transferofrisks风险转移ThesellerbearsallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsuntiltheyhavebeendeliveredinaccordancewithA4withtheexceptionoflossordamageinthecircumstancesdescribedinB5.除B5规定者外,卖方必须承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险,直至已经按照A4规定交货为止。A6Allocationofcosts费用划分ThesellermustpayallcostsrelatingtothegoodsuntiltheyhavebeendeliveredinaccordancewithA4,otherthanthosepayablebythebuyerasenvisagedinB6.除B6规定者外,卖方必须负担与货物有关的一切费用,直到已经按照A4规定交货为止。A7Noticestothebuyer通知买方Thesellermustgivethebuyeranynoticeneededtoenablethebuyertotakedeliveryofthegoods.卖方必须给予买方有关受领货物的充分通知。A8Deliverydocument交货凭证Thesellerhasnoobligationtothebuyer.卖方对买方不尽义务。A9Checking–packaging–marking查对、包装、标记Thesellermustpaythecostsofthosecheckingoperations(suchascheckingquality,measuring,weighing,andcounting)thatarenecessaryforthepurposeofdeliveringthegoodsinaccordancewithA4.Thesellermust,atitsownexpense,packagethegoods,unlessitisusualfortheparticulartradetotransportthetypeofgoodssoldunpackaged.Thesellermaypackagethegoodsinthemannerappropriatefortheirtransport,unlessthebuyerhasnotifiedthesellerofspecificpackagingrequirementsbeforethecontractofsaleisconcluded.Packagingistobemarkedappropriately.卖方必须支付按照A4规定为了将货物交给买方处置所需进行的查对费用(如查对货物品质、丈量、过磅、点数的费用)。卖方必须自付费用包装货物,除非按照相关行业惯例,运输合同所指货物通常无需包装。卖方应该按照有关货物运输所要求的方式包装货物,除非买方在订立合同前已经通知卖方特殊的包装要求。包装应作适当标记。A10Assistancewithinformationandrelatedcosts信息及相关费用的协助Thesellermust,whereapplicable,inatimelymanner,providetoorrenderassistanceinobtainingforthebuyer,atthebuyer’srequest,riskandexpense,anydocumentsandinformation,includingsecurity-relatedinformation,thatthebuyerneedsfortheexportand/orimportofthegoodsand/orfortheirtransporttothefinaldestination.应买方要求并由其承担风险和费用,在需要办理清关手续时,卖方必须给予买方一切及时的协助,以帮助其取得包括买方为出口和/或进口货物和/或为使货物运输到最终目的地所需的有关货物安全信息在内的任何凭证和信息。BTHEBUYER’OBLIGATIONS买方义务B1Generalobligationsofthebuyer买方基本义务Thebuyermustpaythepriceofthegoodsasprovidedinthecontractofsale.AnydocumentreferredtoinB1-B10maybeanequivalentelectronicrecordorprocedureifagreedbetweenthepartiesorcustomary.买方必须按照销售合同规定支付价款。以及经当事人同意或根据交易习惯在B1-B10中提到的任何有同等作用的电子讯息或电子程序的凭证。B2Licences,authorizations,securityclearancesandotherformalities许可,授权,安全许可和其他正式手续Whereapplicable,itisuptothebuyertoobtain,atitsownriskandexpense,anyexportandimportlicenceorotherofficialauthorizationandcarryoutallcustomsformalitiesfortheexportofthegoods.在需要办理清关手续时,由买方自担风险和费用获得任何出口和进口许可或其他官方授权,并负责办理货物出口的一切海关手续。B3contractsofcarriageandinsurance运输合同和保险合同a)Contractofcarriage运输合同Thebuyerhasnoobligationtothesellertomakeacontractofcarriage.买方没有义务为卖方办理运输合同。b)Contractofinsurance保险合同Thebuyerhasnoobligationtothesellertomakeacontractofinsurance.买方没有义务为卖方办理保险合同。B4Takingdelivery受领货物ThebuyermusttakedeliveryofthegoodswhenA4andA7havebeencompliedwith.买方必须在卖方按照A4和A7规定交货时受领货物。B5Transferofrisks风险转移ThebuyerbearsallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsfromthetimetheyhavebeendeliveredasenvisagedinA4.IfthebuyerfailstogivenoticeinaccordancewithB7,thenthebuyerbearsallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsfromtheagreeddateortheexpirydateoftheagreedperiodfordelivery,providedthatthegoodshavebeenclearlyidentifiedasthecontractgoods.自按照A4规定交货之时起,买方承担货物灭失或损坏的一切风险。由于买方未能按照B7规定通知卖方,则自约定的交货日期或交货期限届满之日起,但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下之货物为限。B6Allocationofcosts费用划分Thebuyermust:买方必须支付:a)payallcostsrelatingtothegoodsfromthetimetheyhavebeendeliveredasenvisagedinA4;自按照A4规定交货之时起与货物有关的一切费用b)payanyadditionalcostsincurredbyfailingeithertotakedeliveryofthegoodswhentheyhavebeenplacedatitsdisposalortogiveappropriatenoticeinaccordancewithB7,providedthatthegoodshavebeenclearlyidentifiedasthecontractgoods;在货物交给买方处置而买方未受领货物或未按照B7规定给予卖方相应通知而发生的任何额外费用,但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下之货物为限c)pay,whereapplicable,allduties,taxesandothercharges,aswellasthecostsofcarryingoutcustomsformalitiespayableuponexport;and在需要办理海关手续时,货物出口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用,以及办理海关手续的费用d)reimburseallcostsandchargesincurredbythesellerinprovidingassistanceasenvisagedinA2.买方必须偿付卖方按照A2规定给予协助时所发生的一切费用B7Noticestotheseller通知卖方The