英语中考专题复习现在完成时专项突破课件

现在完成时详细讲解及其练习目录现在完成时的构成过去分词的变化规则现在完成时的完成意义现在完成时的持续意义现在完成时标志词现在完成时的四个重要考点当堂检测现在完成时的构成肯定：have/hasdoneWehavebegunourclass.否定：have/hasnotdoneWehaven’tbegun.疑问：have/has+主语Haveyoubegunyourclass回答：Yes,sb.have/has.Yes,wehave.No,sb.haven’t/hasn’t.No,wehaven’t.现在完成时的构成按要求改变句子1.Shehasdoneherhomework.(否定句）

2.Shehasalreadytoldusthenews.（否定句）3.Therainhasalreadystopped.（一般疑问句）4.Ihavewaitedherefortwohours.（划线提问）Shehasn’tdoneherhomework.Shehasn’ttoldusthenewsyet.HastherainstoppedyetHowlonghaveyouwaitedhere按要求改变句子5.HehaslivedinShanghaisinceheleftBeijing.（划线提问）6.Theyhaveboughtanewcar,___________（反义疑问句）7.ShehaslearnedFrenchsince2002.（同义句）ShehaslearnedFrench_____2years.ShehaslearnedFrench_____2years______.WherehashelivedsinceheleftBeijinghaven’ttheyforsinceago过去分词的变化规则过去分词的变化规则规则变化：1.一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed，如：workedplayedwantedacted2.以不发音的e结尾的动词，动词词尾加-d，如：livedmoveddecidedhoped3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加-ed，如：studiedtriedcopiedcried4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stoppedbeggeddroppedplanned过去分词的变化规则不规则变化：AAA型cost-cost-costcut-cut-cuthit-hit-hitAAB型beat-beat-beatenABA型become-became-becomecome-came-comerun-ran-runABC型fall-fell-fallenbreak-broke-brokengive-gave-given写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词1become-______-_______2break-_______-________3bring-_______-________4build-_______-________5bite-_____-_____6catch-_______-_______7choose-______-_______8cut-_____-_______9fall-_____-_______10fly-_____-_____11forget-_______-________12grow-_______-________13hit-_____-_______14hurt-_______-_______15keep-_______-_______16lend-_______-_______17lose-_______-_______18meet-_______-______becamebecomeflewflownbrokebrokenforgotforgottenbroughtbroughtgrewgrownbuiltbuilthithitbitbithurthurtcaughtcaughtkeptkeptchosechosenlentlentcutcutlostlostfellfallenmetmet写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词19leave-______-_______20tell-_______-________21stand-_______-________22get-_______-________23put-_____-_____24come-_______-_______25run-______-_______26begin-_____-_______27swim-_____-_______28draw-_____-_____29know-_______-________30eat-_______-________31speak-_____-_______32steal-_______-_______33see-_______-_______34drive-_______-_______35take-_______-_______36write-_______-______leftleftdrewdrawntoldtoldknewknownstoodstoodateeatengotgotspokespokenputputstolestolencamecomesawseenranrundrovedrivenbeganbeguntooktakenswamswumwrotewritten现在完成时的完成意义什么是完成意义？完成意义：动作发生在过去，结果或影响在现在。Ihavecleanedtheroom.过去现在将来打扫房间打扫房间的结果，影响到现在结果：房间现在还干净，不用打扫了。什么是完成意义动作发生在过去，结果或影响在现在。Johnhaseatenupthefruitinthefridge.结果：冰箱里没有水果了。Alicehasopenedthewindow.结果：窗子的状态是打开的。Lindahasfoundherbook.结果：不需要再找了。真题再现1.Idon’tfeelverywellJack.I’mafraidyou________meyourcold.A.giveB.hadgivenC.havegivenD.wouldgive2.--Look!Someone______theclassroom.--Well,itwasn’tme.Ididn’tdoit.A.iscleaningB.wascleaningC.hascleanedD.willclean现在完成时的持续意义什么是持续意义？

动作在过去开始，一直持续到现在，而且很可能持续下去。Ihavelivedherefortwoyears.2yearsagonowhavelived现在完成时标志词现在完成时标志词1.在表示“发生在过去的动作对现在造成的结果或影响”时，现在完成时常和副词already,yet,never,ever,before,just等连用。

a)already往往用于肯定句中，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet用于否定句和疑问句。b)never是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever表示“曾经”c)just表示“刚刚”（用于完成时态时，与already,never等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词have/has和动词过去分词之间）现在完成时标志词Lindahasalreadyeatentwoapples.Lindahasjusteatenabanana.Alicehasnoteatenanychocolateyet.HasAliceeatenanychocolateyetHasJohnevereatenAmericanchocolateThatisthemostinterestingbookIhaveeverread.TomhasneverbeentoBeijing.现在完成时标志词注意：just:刚刚，与现在完成时连用justnow:刚才，与一般过去时连用e.g.Ihavejustboughtapen.Iboughtapenjustnow.现在完成时标志词before和ago（在…之前）辨析：before与agoago是副词，“…以前”。它指从此刻起若干时间以前，常与一般过去时连用。Hisparentsdiedtenyearsago.before也可以用作副词，表示“…以前”，常与现在完成时连用。也可放在时间点之前。Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.Pleasecomeherebeforesixo’clock.现在完成时标志词1.Irememberseeingyousomewhere2years______.2.Ihavereadthenovel________.agobefore真题再现1.--______youever______HanHongsinglive--Ofcourse.Acoupleoftimesindifferentcities.A.Have,seenB.Did,seeC.Do,seeD.Are,seeing2.--Wouldyoulikeanothercake--AnothercakeI______myfirstoneyet.A.didn’thaveB.don’thaveC.haven’thadD.hadn’thad现在完成时标志词2.在表示“动作发生在过去，并且一直延续到现在，甚至还可能继续延续下去”时，现在完成时常与since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，sofar，uptonow等时间状语连用。for和sincesince:（自…以来）1)since+过去的时间点Hehasstayedheresince5o’clock.2)since+时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for和sincefor：长达for+时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.现在完成时的四个重要考点现在完成时的4个重要考点1.since&for2.havegoneto,havebeento,havebeenin的区别3.与一般过去时的区别4.延续性动词和非延续性动词现在完成时的4个重要考点难点一：since和forfor+一段时间since+过去某一时间点since+一般过去时的从句since+一段时间+ago难点一：since和for注1):since也可单独使用，表示“自那时起”；另外since前也可加上ever，以加强语气。Ihavebeenhere(ever)since.Ihavebeenhere(ever)sinceIgraduatein2000.注2):对for或since引导的时间状语提问，必须用howlong，绝不能用when。Ihavelivedherefor10years.HowlonghaveyoulivedhereShehasstoodheresince2hoursago.Howlonghasshestoodhere难点一：since和for用for或since填空1.Mr.BrownhashadhisTV______15years.2.I’vetakendrivinglessons______lastmonth.3.Mysisterhashadhercellphone_____amonth.4.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme_____afewdaysago.5.Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.6.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_____years.7.Tomhaswornglasses______hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsince难点二：havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin的用法比较havebeento意思是“到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但是现在人不在那儿。havegoneto意思是“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。havebeenin意思是“待在某处一段时间了”难点二：havebeento,havegoneto,havebeeninShehasbeentoShanghai.她曾经到过上海。ShehasbeeninShanghaiforaweek.她在上海一个周了。ShehasgonetoShanghai.她到上海去了。（可能在去上海的路上，或已经到上海，总之现在没有回来）用have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto填空1.–Whereisyourbrother--He_____________theshop.He’llbebacksoon.2.--______youever___________toAmerica--Yes,I______________NewYorktwice.3.–Hereyouareatlast!Where_______you______--I_____________London.4.–David_____________Australia.--I’msurehe’salreadyarrived.5.–IsBennyhere--No,he______________totheschoollibrary.Heleftfiveminutesago.hasgonetoHavebeentohavebeentohavebeenhavebeentohasgonetohasgoneto难点三：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别I’velivedherefortenyears.我在这里住了十年。（现在仍然住在这里）Ilivedherefortenyears.我在这里住过十年。（现在不在这里住了）难点三：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别Iwasateacher.Ihavebeenateacher.Icleanedtheblackboardhalfanhourago.Ihavecleanedtheblackboard.HehasboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.难点三：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时：Isawthefilmonthetelevisionyesterday.但since+某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句，总是与现在完成时连用。Theyhaveknowneachothersince1950.Sincehewasachild,hehaslivedinEngland.Exercises:1.We_____________(study)Englishforaboutfiveyears.We_________(begin)tostudyitfiveyearsago.2.They_________(move)tothesouthin1990and_________(live)theresincethen.3.Eric_________(leave)homelastyearbutnowhe_________(come)back.havestudiedbeganmovedhavelivedlefthavecome难点四：延续性动词和非延续性动词现在完成时表持续，在肯定句和疑问句中动词要用延续性动词。延续性动词：动作可持续learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay,have非延续性动词：动作不可持续，只发生在一瞬间,不能和时间段连用buy,borrow,die,leave,begin,join延续性动词与非延续性动词Hehasboughtthebookfortwoyears.Hehashadthebookfortwoyears.

IhaveborrowedthebooksinceMonday.IhavekeptthebooksinceMonday.延续性动词与非延续性动词非延续性动词对应的延续性动词leave–beaway(from)go(get)out–beoutborrow–keepputon-wearbuy–havecomeback–bebackbegin/start–beoncome/go(to)–be(in/at)die–bedeadjoin–beinfinish–beoverarrive(at/in)–be(in/at)get(to)–be(in/at)reach–be(in/at)die–bedeadclose–beclosedreturn–bebackopen–beopenmarry–bemarriedbecome–be延续性动词与非延续性动词1.Theycametoourschoolin1980.They______________inourschoolsince1980.2.Themandiedfiveyearsago.Theman______________forfiveyears.3.Themeetingbegantwominutesago.Themeeting____________fortwominutes4.Weborrowedtwobookslastweek.We___________thetwobooksforaweek.havebeeninhasbeendeadhasbeenonhavekept真题再现1.–Mom,IwanttowatchThelegendofMiyueonChina8tonight.--Oh,dear,it_______forafewminutes.A.hasbegunB.willbeginC.hasbeenonD.willbeon2.WilliamShakespeare________for400years,buthisworksstillhavegreatinfluencetoday.A.diedB.wasdyingC.hasdiedD.hasbeendead真题再现3.Thismedicine_______millionsofpeople’slivessinceitwasputintouse.A.issavingB.willsaveC.hassavedD.hadsaved4.It’snicetoseeyouagain.We________eachothersince2014.A.won’tseeB.don’tseeC.haven’tseenD.didn’tsee真题再现5.IhavebeeninChina_______1997.A.sinceB.forC.inD.until当堂检测选择正确的答案1.–Oh,Mrs.King,yournecklacelooksnice.Isitnew--No,I____itfortwoyears.A.hadB.havehadC.boughtD.havebought2.Hisgrandfather______forovertwoyears.A.hasdiedB.hasbeendeadC.hasdeadD.died3.UncleLicanspeakEnglishverywellbecausehe____Englandfor5years.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hascometoD.hasbeenin当堂检测4.–WhereisMr.Zhang–He_______London.A.hasbeentoB.hasbeenC.hasgoneto5.--______totheUnitedStates--No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.A.HaveyoubeenB.HaveyougoneC.DidyougoD.Willyougo6.Ihaven’tseenyou______lastFriday.A.forB