新教材高一人教英语必修第2册课件UNIT3THEINTERNETSectionⅡ

UNIT3

THEINTERNETSectionⅡ

DiscoveringUsefulStructures夯基提能作业单元语法精析单元语法精析语法点拨一、现在完成时的被动语态的形式现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成是：have/hasbeendone。但在不同的句式中，其具体形式也有所不同。现在完成时的被动语态1．肯定句形式主语＋have/has＋been＋done＋其他。ThebridgeovertheYellowRiverhasjustbeencompleted.黄河上的桥刚刚建成。Thechickenhasbeenstewedfortwohours.鸡已经炖了两个小时了。2．否定句形式主语＋have/has＋not＋been＋done＋其他。Theyhaven’tbeentoldtheexcitingnewsyet,havethey?还没有告诉他们这个令人激动的消息，对吗？Thesecond－handcarhasnotbeensold.这辆二手汽车还没有卖出去。3．一般疑问形式Have/Has＋主语＋beendone＋其他？—Hasherworkbeenfinished?——她的工作完成了吗？—Yes,ithas.——是的，完成了。4．特殊疑问形式疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋beendone＋其他？Howlonghasthemachinebeenused?这台机器使用多久啦？变换句子Thechildrenhavealreadybeentoldthegoodnews.①将原句变为否定句。Thechildrenhaven’tbeentoldthegoodnewsyet.②将原句变为一般疑问句。Havethechildrenbeentoldthegoodnewsyet？③对原句中的thechildren进行提问。Whohasbeentoldthegoodnewsyet？完成句子④I’msorry,buttheletters______________________yet.很抱歉，但是这些信件还没有被打印出来。⑤Theplan_____________________fornearlytwohours.这项计划已被讨论了近两个小时了。⑥She_________________________sincethen.从那时候起，她就没被提起。haven’tbeentyped

hasbeendiscussed

hasn’tbeenmentioned

二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去一个被动的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用。Theroomhasalreadybeencleaned.房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已不用打扫房间了)Thedoctorhasn’tbeensentforyet.还没有派人去请医生。(现在应派人去请医生)2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since等引导的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于howlong引导的句子中。Themachinehasbeenrepairedfortwohours.这台机器已经修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修)Howlonghastheprojectbeencarriedout?这项工程已实施多长时间了？(可能还会继续实施)3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。Youshouldn’tleaveschoolbeforeyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。常与现在完成时连用的时间状语already已经yet已经recently/lately最近sincethen从那时起eversince自那以来ever曾经sofar迄今为止foralongtime很长一段时间bynow到现在为止inrecentyears在最近几年里in/during/overthepast/lastyears在过去的几年里用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子①Jack’sbosshasalwayspraisedhimforhisdevotiontowork.→Jack__________________________byhisbossforhisdevotiontowork.②Theyhavefoundagoodplacetobuildatempleinthevillage.→Agoodplace_________________tobuildatempleinthevillage.hasalwaysbeenpraised

hasbeenfound

③Wehaven’tdecidedhowtosolvethatdifficulttechnologicalproblemyet.→Howtosolvethatdifficulttechnologicalproblem_________________yet.完成句子④Iwillgohomewhenmyhomework____________________.当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。⑤Papermoney____________________________________________.纸币已被使用1000多年了。hasn’tbeendecided

hasbeenfinished

hasbeenusedforoveronethousandyears

三、现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项1．现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have/has和been，两者缺一不可。2．现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别：一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态侧重于表示动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但该动作或状态对现在造成了影响(或产生了结果)。Thebigfirewasputouttwohoursago.大火两小时前被扑灭了。Thebigfirehasbeenputout.大火已经被扑灭了。3．finish,buy,start,begin,post,return,borrow,join,open等非持续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。这个工程开始多久了？【误】Howlonghasthisprojectbeenstarted?【正】Howlongagowasthisprojectstarted?4．动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持其完整性，不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。Itissaidthattheproblemhasbeenlookedinto.据说已经调查了这个问题。完成句子①Thelibrary_________________.这座图书馆已经建好了。②Thelibrary____________lastyear.这座图书馆是去年建成的。③Theinjuredbird________________________sinceitwassaved.那只受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。hasbeenbuilt

wasbuilt

hasbeenlookedafter

判断下列句子的正误(T/F)④Theworkhasbeenfinishedfortwodays. (

)⑤Thisbookhasnotbeenborrowedsincelastweek. (

)F

T

专项练习Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms_____________________(produce)allovertheworld.2．Shakespeare’splayHamlet________________(make)intoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.3．Sofaraboutfivethousandtrees____________________(plant)aroundourvillage.4．Thediamondmine_________________(discover)accidentallybyalittleboywhenhewasplayinghide-and-seek.havebeenproduced

hasbeenmade

havebeenplanted

wasdiscovered

5．Greatchanges_____________(take)placeinthepast10years.6．Althoughbothsideshavebeenmakingefforts,noconclusion_________________(draw)uptonow.7．Thatbook______________________(translate)intoatleast20foreignlanguagesinthelast10years.8．It’sthefirsttimethattheoldcomputer___________________(check)sinceIboughtit.havetaken

hasbeendrawn

hasbeentranslated

hasbeenchecked

9．Doyouknowanyonethat_______________(put)intospacerocketsand_______(send)toexploretheMoonandMarssincelastcentury?10．WearegladtobetoldthatLiTao____________________(admit)toFudanUniversityforhistopscoreintheMathsContest.hasbeenput

sent

hasbeenadmitted

Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子1．Howmanyworkers_________________(已派遣)tobuildtherailway?2．—WhydoesMarylooksounhappy?—Becauseshe______________________(被嘲笑)byherclassmates.3．Itissaidthatthehouse_______________________(闯进了)bytwothieves.4．Thetwopens___________________________(未被拿走)byhim.5．Wherehasthetelevision________________(被修理了)?havebeensent

hasbeenlaughedat

hasbeenbrokeninto

havenotbeentakenaway

beenrepaired

6．ThepriceofacolorTVset________________________(降价了)again.7．What______________________(已被译成)intomanyforeignlanguages?8．Thebuildings______________________(已经被毁)intheearthquake.9．Theproblem______________________(尚未被解决)byusyet.10．Thecomputers_______________________(已被赠送)toalocalschoolbythecompany.hasbeenbroughtdown

hasbeentranslated

havebeendestroyed

hasnotbeensolved

havebeengivenaway

Ⅲ.语法主题应用李明和林涛在新学期第一天见面，他们在谈论那个城市地震一年后的情况。请根据语境，用相应的时态完成下面对话。LiMing：Hi，LiTao.Hownicetoseeyouonthefirstdayofthenewterm!LinTao：Yes.Nicetoseeyouagain.LiMing：Iknowthatyourparents1．____________________(work)inthatcityforaboutayear.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutitaftertheearthquake?havebeenworking

LinTao：Ofcourse.Sincetheearthquake2．___________(happen),manysoldiers3．_________________(send)there,and