2025届新高考英语精准冲刺复习阅读理解词句猜测题

2025届新高考英语精准冲刺复习

阅读理解词句猜测题「目标」01掌握阅读理解词句猜测题六大解题技巧02灵活应用阅读理解词句猜测题六大解题技巧目录构词法1逻辑法2释义法3例证法4语境法5常识法6课程导入1.afatcat2.whenpigsfly肥猫当猪在飞Let'stryagain!1.Lucymarriedamanwhoownsabigcompanyandhasmillionsofdollars.Heisreallyafatcat.2.Peterisverylazyandheneverdoeshishomework.Hecangotoauniversitywhenpigsfly.Let'stryagain!1.Lucymarriedamanwhoownsabigcompanyandhasmillionsofdollars.Heisreallyafatcat.2.Peterisverylazyandheneverdoeshishomework.Hecangotoauniversitywhenpigsfly.arichman

impossible

近3年高考阅读理解词句猜测题数量统计新高考Ⅰ卷新高考Ⅱ卷全国甲卷全国乙卷2023年11012022年11312021年2112词句猜测重要性考情统计阅读理解完形填空七选五语法填空解决办法猜测词句遇到不认识的词怎么办?词句猜测重要性知识精讲01构词法方法合成看组成派生看词缀前缀改变词义后缀改变词性敲重点合成看组成一、复合名词1.形容词+名词：whiteboard白板2.名词+名词：eyesight视力、website网址3.副词+名词：underwear内衣4.动名词+名词：waiting-room候机室、sleeping-pill安眠药5.动词+名词：pickpocket扒手6.名词+动词：heartbeat心跳、handshake握手7.动词+副词：breakthrough突破、breakdown崩溃、故障8.副词+动词：income收入、outbreak爆发、input输入、output产量、输出敲重点合成看组成二、复合形容词warm-hearted热心的cold-blooded冷血的one-eyed独眼的good-looking好看的hard-working努力工作的ever-lasting永恒的never-ending永恒的man-killing致命的flesh-eating食肉的well-known著名的newly-built新建的high-speed高速度的CRH=ChinaRailwayHigh-speed中国高铁敲重点合成看组成三、复合动词uplift高举white-wash粉刷overthrow推翻uphold支持敲重点典型例题Thewaypeopledothingshighlightsmanyofthedifferencesweseebetween.合成看组成典型例题Thewaypeopledothingshighlightsmanyofthedifferencesweseebetween.high（adj高的）+light（v照亮）v.突出；强调；用亮色突出合成看组成（2016年全国II卷B篇）Encouragingthiskindofthinkinghasadownside.Irantheriskoflosingthosestudentswhohadadifferentstyleofthinking.Withoutfailonewoulddeclare,“ButI’mjustnotcreative.”27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downside”inParagraph4probablymean？A.Mistake.

B.Drawback.C.Difficulty.

D.Burden.真题呈现【解析】downside是由“down（向下）+side（方面）”构成的合成词，并且后文提到“作者冒着失去那些有不同思维风格的学生的风险”。因此，我们可以猜测该词的意思是“不足，缺点”，故选B项。真题呈现Theyfoundthatfarmerstypicallyusehybrid(杂交)seeds,whichmustberepurchasedeachyear,togrowadiverserangeofvegetablesinthefloatinggardens.Thegardensarealsosensitivetopests,sofarmersendupspendingsomemoneyonbothpesticidesandfertilizers.Butevenwiththoseexpenses,theyfound,benefitsoutweighedcosts.Onefarmertoldtheresearchteamthatheearnsuptofourtimesasmuchmoneyfromthegardensasfromtraditionalricefields.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outweighed”inparagraph5mean?A.Affected. B.Brought. C.Beat. D.Equaled.课堂巩固【解析】词义猜测题：outweighed合成词out(超过）+weigh（重）根据划线词下文“Onefarmertoldtheresearchteamthatheearnsuptofourtimesasmuchmoneyfromthegardensasfromtraditionalricefields.”可知，一位农民告诉研究小组，他从菜园中赚到的钱是从传统稻田中赚到的钱的四倍，故此处想表达的是即使农民最终会在杀虫剂和肥料上花一些钱，但是收益也会大于成本。故outweighed意为“大于”。故选C项。课堂巩固Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.Ifpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperiments,saidBaker,“Isuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.”2.Theunderlinedword“outcome”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________.A.value B.result C.performance D.connection课堂巩固【解析】词义猜测题：outcomeout(出来）+come（来到）最后一段表明心理学家Baker得出结论，因此根据第一句话Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.得知“outcome”在此处为“结果”，故选B。课堂巩固常见的前缀及其意义：派生看词缀pre-(在…之)前 trans-超越；转换under-在之…下；低于； anti-反；防(止) mis-不；非un/in/im/ir-dis-不；非;无 non-不；非fore-在...前multi-多的 super-超;过于 inter-互相;在…之间 micro-极微小的re-再,反复 sub-次于...,在…底下 co-共同post-(在…之)后 de-表否定ex-之前的，故，旧前缀改变词义敲重点名词后缀-tion，-sion-ment-ness-ity,-ty-ist-ism-er,-or-dom-ess-hood状态；性质；时期-ship身份；资格；权力 派生看词缀常见的后缀：动词后缀-en-ify-ise形容词后缀：-ful-ical-able可被…的-less不能…的；无…的-ish如…的；有点儿…的后缀改变词性敲重点典型例题Whenhereachedtheplacewithhisarmy,hefoundanimpassableriverinfrontofhim.派生看词缀典型例题Whenhereachedtheplacewithhisarmy,hefoundanimpassableriverinfrontofhim.im-不；非;无-able可被…的passv.经过，通过，穿过adj.不能通行的派生看词缀（2017全国Ⅲ卷C篇）GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂displaced＂inparagraph2mean?A.Tested. B.Separated. C.Forcedout. D.Trackeddown.真题呈现【解析】dis-不；非;无placev使处于〔某种境地〕displacev使〔人群或兽群〕离开家园根据本段后两句可知，因为人类的发展，侵占了灰狼的领地，灰狼逐渐向北迁徙，由此推断灰狼被人类排挤走了。故选C项。真题呈现Theworldisoneandindivisibleinasensesocompellingthattheonlyquestionbeforeusisthemethodbywhichwerepresentitsunity.课堂巩固Theworldisoneandindivisibleinasensesocompellingthattheonlyquestionbeforeusisthemethodbywhichwerepresentitsunity.in-不；非;无dividev分开-ible能被...的adj.不可分的课堂巩固02逻辑法敲重点根据对比或转折逻辑猜词句解题技巧抓住上下文中的表对比或转折关系的词汇but,although,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,though,ontheotherhand、ratherthan、onthecontrary等典型例题Tomislazy,buthisbrotherisindustrious.典型例题Tomislazy,buthisbrotherisindustrious.Tomislazy,buthisbrotherisindustrious.adj.勤奋的（2012年全国II卷D篇）EventheEthiopianpublichasonlyseenLucytwice.TheLucyonexhibitionattheEthiopianNationalMuseuminthecapital,AddisAbaba,isareplicawhiletherealremainsareusuallylockedinasecretstoreroom.54.Whatdothewords“areplica”inParagraph2referto？A.Apaintingoftheskeleton.

B.AphotographofLucy.C.Acopyoftheskeleton.

D.AwrittenrecordofLucy.真题呈现【解析】由“while（而）”可知，本题可以使用反义法解题。根据画线词后面的“whiletherealremainsareusuallylockedinasecretstoreroom”可知，“while”前后构成转折对比关系，所以画线词与“real”意思相反，意思应为“假的”，故答案为C，意思是“一个骨骼的复制品”。真题呈现（2021·新高考I卷）WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadesto

decimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Acquire. B.Export.C.Destroy. D.Distribute真题呈现【解析】根据第一段“NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.(美洲原住民明智地保护了这些宝贵的自然资源。不幸的是，仅仅几十年的探险家和定居者就decimate这些资源的大部分)”可知，前后句形成转折，前一句陈述美洲原住民保护这些宝贵的自然资源，所以后句表示探险家和定居者破坏了这些自然资源，推测划线单词表示“破坏”，与destroy同义。故选C。真题呈现Scientistsusedtobelievethatpeopletamedcatstocatchmiceandprotectthegrain.However,catsdon'tliketobetoldwhattodo!54.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tamed"meaninChinese?A.驱散B.捕捉C.驯化D.引进课堂巩固课堂巩固【解析】根据下句“However,catsdon'tliketobetoldwhattodo!”中表示转折的However可知，前后两句意思相反，故tamed与betoldwhattodo意思相同，故选C。Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurfacewheretheypullcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inPara-graph3probablymean?A.Sensitive.B.Beneficial.C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.课堂巩固Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurfacewheretheypullcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inPara-graph3probablymean?A.Sensitive.B.Beneficial.C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.课堂巩固敲重点根据因果逻辑猜词句解题技巧抓住上下文中的表示因果关系的词汇since,as,because,for,so,thus,consequently,therefore,hence,due

to,owing

to,thanks

to,on

account

of,result

in,result

from,as

a

result,for

this

reason,accordingly,

so...that...,sothat,such...that等典型例题Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becauseshewasusingthewrongkey.典型例题Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becauseshewasusingthewrongkey.Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwas

futile,because

shewasusingthewrongkey.adj.徒劳的；无效的Takingherwordsofwisdomtoheart,Istartedmypainting.Timeflewby,andsoonthebellrang,signalingtheendofthetimelimit.Weallturnedinourcanvasesforinspection(检查).Thenextday,thewinnersofthecompetitionwereannouncedinfrontofthewholeschool.Tomysurprise,Iheardmynamebeingcalledsecondprize.Itwasaboltfromtheblueforme,asIhadneverdaredtodreamofwinninganyprize.43.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“aboltfromtheblue”inPara-graph3probablymean?A.surprise.B.careful.C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.课堂巩固【解析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Tomysurprise,Iheardmynamebeingcalledsecondprize.Itwasaboltfromtheblueforme,asIhadneverdaredtodreamofwinninganyprize.(令我惊讶的是，我听到二等奖里有自己的名字。这对我来说是boltfromtheblue，因为我从来不敢梦想赢得任何奖项)”可知，作者做梦都不敢想能得到任何奖品，所以听到自己获奖的消息后感到非常惊讶，划线部分表示“震惊，惊讶”，与surprise同义。故选A。课堂巩固Asquantumcomputingattractsmoreattentionandfunding,researchersmaymisleadinvestors,journalists,thepublicand,worstofall,themselvesabouttheirwork’spotential.Ifresearcherscan’tkeeptheirpromises,excitementmightgivewaytodoubt,disappointmentandanger,Johnsonwarns.Lotsofothertechnologieshavegonethroughstagesofexcitement.Butsomethingaboutquantumcomputingmakesitespeciallypronetohype,Johnsonsuggests,perhapsbecause“‘quantum’standsforsomethingcoolyoushouldn’tbeabletounderstand.”AndthatbringsmebacktoTaylor,whosuggestedthatIreadhisbookQforQuantum.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prone”inParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Open. B.Cool. C.Useful. D.Resistant.课堂巩固【解析】根据第三自然段“Butsomethingaboutquantumcomputingmakesitespeciallypronetohype,Johnsonsuggests,perhapsbecause“‘quantum’standsforsomethingcoolyoushouldn’tbeabletounderstand.”(但约翰逊表明，量子计算的某些方面使得它特别prone被炒作，可能是因为“量子”代表了一些你不应该理解的酷东西。)可知，本句中含有一个原因状语从句，因为“量子”代表了一些你不应该理解的酷东西”，所以它特别容易被炒作。故prone意为“易于……的”。A.Open.开放的；易受损害的；B.Cool.酷的；C.Useful.有用的；D.Resistant.有抵抗力的。故选A。课堂巩固敲重点根据同义词或并列结构猜词解题技巧抓住上下文中的表同义或并列关系的词汇and,or,like,so...that...,referto,namely,represent,beconsideredtobe,mean等典型例题Yourideaaresonebulousthattheyarenotcleartome.典型例题Yourideaaresonebulousthattheyarenotcleartome.Yourideaareso

nebulousthattheyarenotcleartome.adj.不清楚的Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeingmorenocturnal.44.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nocturnal”inParagraph5mean？A.Activeatnight.

B.Inactiveatnight.C.Activeduringtheday.

D.Inactiveduringtheday.课堂巩固【解析】画线单词前一句说“不是只有知更鸟在人造光下会一直醒着”，而“also（也）”表明这一句与前面表达的意思相近，即“黑鹂和海鸥也更活跃”。“nocturnal”应该是“awake”的近义词，意为“夜间活跃的”，故选A项。课堂巩固03

释义法敲重点解题策略注意上下文中的解释性词汇或语句thatis(tosay),or,namely,inotherwords,tobemoreexact,toputitanotherway,等或破折号，定语从句等。典型例题Thepurposeoftheactivitywastocatch“ringers”,studentswhotaketestsforotherstudents.典型例题Thepurposeoftheactivitywastocatch“ringers”,studentswhotaketestsforotherstudents.定语从句n.冒名替考者Asidefromthestrength,twootherfactorsgointomakinganathlete:fitnessandendurance.Fitnessisrelatedtotheconditionoftheheart.Duringexercises,thereisanincreaseintheamountofbloodreturningtotheheartfromthemuscles.Atypicalvolumeforarunneratrestisabout5quartsaminute,comparedwith30quartsduringavigoroustrial(运动测试).Thisgreatervolumemeansmoreworkfortheheart---amuscularballoonthatexpandsandcontractistotakeinbloodandpushitout.Likeanyothermuscle,theheartenlargesandgetsstrongerwithroutineexercise.13.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“thisgreatervolumemeansmoreworkfortheheart”?A.Theheartbearsthetaskofmakingmorebloodduringavigoroustrial.B.Theheartneedstobearthefastheartbeatingduringavigoroustrial.C.Thehearttakesinmorebloodandpushesitoutduringavigoroustrial.D.Theheartenlargesandbecomesstrongerroutinelyduringavigoroustrial.课堂巩固【解析】词句猜测题。根据第四段倒第二句前的破折号提示，本句“amuscularballoonthatexpandsandcontractistotakeinbloodandpushitout”(一个可以扩张和收缩的肌肉气球的作用是吸收血液并将其排出)可知，作者的意思是心脏吸收更多的血液，并在运动测试中将其排出体外。故选C。课堂巩固04

例证法敲重点解题技巧注意上下文中的例证关系词like,suchas,such...as,forexample,forinstance,like,including,especially等典型例题Wetooktheprovisionwithustocamp,forexample，thereweremeat,bread,milk,sugarandfruit.典型例题Wetooktheprovisionwithustocamp,forexample，thereweremeat,bread,milk,sugarandfruit.Wetooktheprovisionwithustocamp,forexample，thereweremeat,bread,milk,sugarandfruit.n.食物Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialization,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalizationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodis-appear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.课堂巩固Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialization,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalizationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodis-appear,anddominantlanguagessuchas

English,SpanishandChinese

areincreasinglytakingover.29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.课堂巩固05语境法敲重点适用题型：无标志词且无其他线索的题型方法：利用上下文语境分析，推测词句意思。Isitpossibletobebornshy?Manyscientistssayyes.Theysay15to20percentofbabiesbehaveshyly.Thesebabiesarealittlequieterandmorewatchfulthanotherbabies.Interestingly,theseshybabiesusuallyhaveshyparents.Asaresult,scientiststhinkthatsomeshynessisgenetic.51.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“genetic"inParagraph2probablymean?A.Passeddownfromparents.B.Learnedfromfriends.C.Taughtbyteachers.D.Madeupbybrothers.典型例题【解析】根据下文语境“theseshybabiesusuallyhaveshyparents.”可知，这些害羞的婴儿的父母通常也很害羞，所以，画线的单词指“父母身上继承而来的”，故选A.典型例题（2019年全国I卷B篇）Buthe’snervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“…Votefor…me…”Exceptforsomestumbles，Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto？A.Improperpauses.

B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.

D.Sillyjokes.真题呈现【解析】根据上下文语境可知，老师借助竞选演说鼓励同学们学会赞美自己。文中Chris的母语不是英语，他学英语才三年多，说话不流利，而且他在演讲时非常紧张，所以说话磕磕绊绊，经常停顿。“stumble”一词描述的是Chris演讲时的状态，而A项的意思是“不恰当的停顿”，故正确答案为A。真题呈现06常识法敲重点适用题型：无标志词且无其他线索的题型方法：借助生活经验和普通常识确定词义。Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.61.Theunderlinedexpression“stomachit”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“

_______

”.A.digestthemealeasily

B.managewithoutbreakfastC.decidewiselywhattoeat

D.eatwhateverisoffered典型例题【解析】此题考查“stomach”的生僻意思。根据生活常识可知，有的人锻炼前不吃早饭是受不了的，所以此处意为“如果可以忍受空腹的话，在吃早饭前去锻炼比吃过早餐后去锻炼好处更多”，故选B项。典型例题Yetsocialmediaisnotentirelytoblame.Peoplehavealwaystakenrisksforanexperience.Foolishbehaviorandatendencytogetcockyarounddangerousanimalsmusthavebeenaroundsincethedawnofhumanity.Ahungerforattentiononlinemightdrivesomeofthecurrentmadness,butsomeindividualsmightbetryingtorecreateapieceoftheactiontheyhaveseenontelevision.Perhapstheadrenaline(肾上腺激素)rushwhenclosetowildanimalscausesanevaporationofcommonsense.18.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cocky”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Selfish. B.Frightened. C.Arrogant. D.Shocked.课堂巩固【解析】词句猜测题之常识法。根据第四段中“Peoplehavealwaystakenrisksforanexperience.Foolishbehaviorandatendencytogetcockyarounddangerousanimalsmusthavebeenaroundsincethedawnofhumanity.(人们总是为了体验而冒险。自人类诞生以来，在危险动物面前愚蠢的行为和cocky倾向一定一直存在)”可知，冒险是人类的本性，结合并列词组“Foolishbehavior”可知推知，“getcocky”也是一种鲁莽的、不理性的表现，结合选项，cocky与arrogant同义，意为“傲慢的”。故选C项。课堂巩固课堂总结课程总结词句猜测题解题技巧构词法逻辑法释义法例证法语境法常识法课堂练习（2024年新课标全国Ⅰ卷）Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit’sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularlyshinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough”inparagraph2mean?ASeemunlikelytolast. B.Seemhardtoexplain.C.Becomereadytouse. D.Becomeeasytonotice.【解析】根据前文“Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit’sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.(当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现)”可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及后文“whenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.(当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章的主旨)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时)”推知，此处应是表达“当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见”之意，所以shinethrough应是“显而易见”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。（2024年新课标全国ⅠⅠ卷）Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代码)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.12.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated. B.Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.C.Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent. D.Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.【解析】根据文章第二段“suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代码)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.(这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了，推测划线短语表示“如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C项。(2023新课标I卷C篇)Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inparagraph3mean?A.Clear-up. B.Add-on. C.Check-in. D.Take-over.【解析】根据画线词下文“Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.(这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动)”可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。

(2023年1月·浙江卷C篇)Amachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess,itcanalsooutperformyouindebate.Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel’sformernationaldebatingchampion.Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.Suchwrinkleswillnodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointtoafundamentalproblem.AsKristianHammond,professorofelectricalengineeringandcomputerscienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit:“There’sneverastageatwhichthesystemknowswhatit’stalkingabout.”29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wrinkles”inparagraph2referto?A．Arguments. B．Doubts. C．Errors. D．Differences.【解析】根据第二段的“Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.(尽管ProjectDebater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“willnodoubtbeironedout(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。

(2023新课标II卷C篇)Inthis“bookofbooks,”artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeoratschool,withthebookasafocusforrelationsbetweenthegenerations.Adultsareportrayed(描绘)aloneinmanysettingsandposes—absorbedinavolume,deepinthoughtorlostinamomentofleisure.Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,buttheyrecordmomentswecanallrelateto.10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“relateto”inparagraph2mean?A.Understand. B.Paint.C.Seize. D.Transform.【解析】根据画线词上文“artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeoratschool,withthebookasafocusforrelationsbetweenthegenerations.(艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”以及“Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago,buttheyrecordmoments(这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻)”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，故与画线短语“relateto”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。

(2023全国甲卷B篇)TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.24.Whichisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inparagraph1?A.Anartist. B.Awinner. C.Aspecialist. D.Apioneer.【解析】根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.(她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指TerriBoltonis是一位DIY高手。C项“Aspecialist(一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“adabhand”的意思。故选C。

(2023全国乙卷D篇)Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(联系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation”inparagraph3referto?A.Problem. B.History. C.Voice. D.Society.【解析】根据划线单词上文可知，我们对过去历史的了解，只是书写历史的人所想要让我们了解的历史，如果我们想要了解历史的另一半，我们不仅仅要读文本也要读对象。所以conversation指的是“历史”。故选B。

(2022新课标I卷C篇)WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?A.Improve. B.Oppose. C.Begin. D.Evaluate.【解析】根据文章倒数第二段“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.(居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及划线处前的“oneofthefirst(第一批人之一)”可知WendyWilson是着手这项工程的人之一，划线处的含义与C项：“Begin(开始)”含义相近。故选C。

(2022新课标II卷B篇)Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopled