Unit+5+What+an+Adventure!+Developing+ideas+Presenting+ideas++高一英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

Unit

5

What

an

adventure!Developing

ideas

&

Presenting

ideas核心词汇1.

charge

n.主管；掌管；费用

v.收费；控告

＊chargeable

adj.应支付的；应偿付的；应征税的（P57）They

are

captured

and

taken

inside

the

submarine,where

they

meet

the

man

in

charge,Captain

Nemo.他们被俘虏并被带进潜艇,在那里他们遇到了负责人尼莫船长。拓展in

charge

of

掌管（表状态）take

charge

of

掌管（表动作）in

the

charge

of...

被……掌管；由……负责free

of

charge

免费charge

sb

for

sth

因某事向某人收费charge

sb

with

sth

控告某人某事图解点拨in

charge

of往往以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”；in

the

charge

of往往以物作主语,指“某物由某人主管”。类似的还有in

control

of

“控制”；

in

the

control

of

“由……控制”；in

possession

of

“拥有”；

in

the

possession

of

“被……拥有”。Ⅰ.单句填空（1）I

wonder

how

much

you

will

charge

me

____the

six-week

course.for（2）It's

what

this

place

offers,and

it's

free

___charge.of（3）A

week

later,I

volunteered

________（take）

charge

of

English

study

in

my

class.to

take（4）I

thought

he

was

in

your

department,

taking

David

Cook's

place___charge

of

the

program.inⅡ.单句写作（5）The

man

_________________

abuse

of

power

when

he

was

____________

the

company.

这个人被指控在掌管公司时滥用职权。was

charged

within

charge

of（6）He

sent

the

products

to

the

villagers

______________.

他把产品免费发给了村民。free

of

charge2.

permit

v.许可；允许；准许

n.许可证；执照

＊permission

n.允许；许可（P57）In

order

to

keep

this

secret,

Captain

Nemo

tells

his

three

newest

passengers

that

they

are

not

permitted

to

leave

the

submarine.

为了保守这个秘密,尼莫船长告诉他的三位新乘客，他们不允许离开潜艇。拓展permit

sb

to

do

sth

允许某人做某事permit

doing

sth

允许做某事ask

sb

for

permission=ask

permission

from

sb

请求某人许可with/without

（one's）

permission得到/未经

（某人的）允许佳句Try

to

go

out

for

a

walk

after

lunch,

if

the

weather

permits.如果天气允许，午饭后尽量出去散步。Her

father

would

not

permit

her

to

drive

alone

even

though

she

had

got

her

driving

permit.即使她已经取得了驾照,她父亲也不允许她单独开车。Ⅰ.单句填空（1）Students

living

in

buildings

that

have

kitchens

_____________（permit）

to

cook

in

the

kitchen.are

permitted（2）Without

a

driver's

permit,

you

are

not

permitted

________（drive）

a

car.to

drive（3）When

asked

why

she

came

in

without

__________（permit）,

she

just

stared

at

me

and

said

nothing.permissionⅡ.单句写作（4）Strangers

________________________

the

school

during

the

investigation

______________________________.

If

you

have

to，you

must

ask

the

principal

______________.在调查期间，未经校长允许，陌生人不得进入学校。如果你必须进入学校，你必须征得校长的同意。are

not

permitted

to

enterwithout

the

principal's

permissionfor

permission3.

relate

v.相联系；有关联；讲述

＊related

adj.有关的；有关联的

＊relative

adj.相对的；相关的；比较的

n.亲戚；相关物

＊relatively

adv.相对地

＊relation

n.联系；关联；亲属

＊relationship

n.

联系；关联（P57）Words

are

not

enough

to

relate

such

wonders！言语不足以形容这种奇迹！拓展relate

sth

（to

sb）

（向某人）叙述；讲述relate

to...

涉及……；与……相关；理解……be

related

to

与……有关佳句She

relates

her

childhood

experiences

in

the

first

chapters.在开始的几章中，她叙述了自己童年的经历。This

question

is

related

to

the

position

he

is

applying

for.这个问题和他申请的职位有关。Ⅰ.用relate的适当形式填空（1）He

asked

me

some

questions

________

to

the

subject.relative（2）Tom，one

of

my________，asked

me

a

question_______

to

his

business.relativesrelated（3）They

are

anxious

to

develop

friendly_________

with

their

neighboring

countries.relationsⅡ.一句多译（4）对话的主题应该与文章的主题相关。→The

theme

of

the

dialogue

should

_________

the

theme

of

the

passage.→The

theme

of

the

dialogue

should

_____________

the

theme

of

the

passage.relate

tobe

related

to4.

astonish

v.使吃惊；使惊讶

＊astonishing

adj.令人惊讶的

＊astonished

adj.感到惊讶的

＊astonishment

n.惊异；惊讶（P57）The

light,which

lit

the

soil

thirty

feet

below

the

surface

of

the

ocean,astonished

me

by

its

power.那光照亮了海底三十英尺的土壤,它的力量使我吃惊。拓展be

astonished

to

do/that...

某人惊讶于……be

astonished

at/by...

对……感到十分惊讶to

one's

astonishment

令某人惊讶的是in

astonishment

吃惊地佳句He

was

astonished

to

see

how

his

hometown

had

changed

in

the

past

10

years.他惊讶地看到他的家乡在过去十年里发生了怎样的变化。Ⅰ.单句填空（1）We

were

quite

__________（astonish）

at

her

quick

reaction.astonished（2）To

my

____________（astonish）,they

should

have

finished

that

task

in

such

a

short

time.astonishmentⅡ.句式升级（3）The

boy

lifted

the

big

rock

without

effort

and

this

astonished

me.→___________________________

the

boy

lifted

the

big

rock

without

effort.

（主语从句）What

astonished

me

was

that5.

distinguish

v.看清；认出；成为……的特征；使具有……的特色；使有别于

＊distinguished

adj.卓越的；杰出的

＊distinguishable

adj.可区分的（P57）...and

I

clearly

distinguished

objects

at

a

distance

of

a

hundred

and

fifty

yards.

……我清楚地分辨出150码外的物体。拓展distinguish

A

from

B

区分A与Bdistinguish

（between）

A

and

B

把A和B区分开来distinguish

between

right

and

wrong

明辨是非distinguish

oneself

（as

sth）

使自己（作为……）著名be

distinguishable

from...

可与……区分开来佳句The

man

distinguished

himself

for

a

major

breakthrough

in

the

treatment

of

cancer.

这个人因其在治疗癌症方面取得了重大突破而出名。单句填空（1）Honestly

speaking，I

admire

your

____________

（distinguish）

achievements.distinguished（2）She

has

already

distinguished

herself

___

an

athlete.as（3）The

male

bird

is

easily

distinguishable

______

the

female.from6.

surround

v.围绕；环绕

＊surrounding

adj.

周围的；附近的

＊surroundings

n.周围的事物；环境（P57）Truly

this

water

which

surrounded

me

was

but

another

air

heavier

than

the

Earth's

atmosphere,but

almost

as

clear.

事实上,环绕我的水不过是另一种比地球大气层重的空气,但几乎同样清澈。拓展surround...

with...

以……包围……be

surrounded

by/with...

被……包围surround+反身代词+with...

喜欢结交（某类人）；喜欢身边总有（某类东西）佳句People

walk

at

the

edge

of

the

lake,

which

is

surrounded

by

trees.人们在湖边散步，湖边被树木环绕。单句填空（1）People

say

it

is

Canada's

most

beautiful

city,___________

（surround）

by

mountains

and

the

Pacific

Ocean.surrounded（2）He

loves

to

surround

himself

_____his

family

and

friends.with（3）I'd

like

to

bring

up

my

child

in

healthy

____________（surround）.surroundings（4）And

don't

forget:

we

______________（surround）

by

a

natural

playground

just

perfect

for

walking,

caving,

climbing

and

cycling.are

surrounded7.

account

for

说明/解释……的原因；（数量上、比例上）占（P57）This

dazzling

carpet,really

a

reflector,drove

away

the

rays

of

the

sun

with

wonderful

intensity,which

accounted

for

the

vibration

which

passed

through

every

atom

of

liquid.

这条耀眼的地毯,实际上是一个反射器,能强烈地反射太阳光,这正好解释了光线穿过每一个水分子而产生振动的原因。拓展on

account

of

由于；因为on

no

account

决不（位于句首,主句要部分倒装）take

sth

into

account

考虑到；顾及佳句The

poor

weather

may

have

accounted

for

the

increase

in

the

number

of

people

who

cough

day

and

night.恶劣的天气可能是整天都在咳嗽的人数增加的原因。How

do

you

account

for

the

company's

alarmingly

high

staff

turnover?你怎么解释这家公司高得惊人的人员流动率？单句填空（1）The

poor

weather

may

have

accounted____

the

small

crowd.for（2）The

flight

was

postponed____

account