广东省汕头市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

试卷类型：A汕头市2023-2024学年度普通高中教学质量监测高二英语本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用28铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能答在试卷上。试题序号从“21”开始。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAcquiringSkillswithFirstAidOnsiteEveryyear,Cardiacarrest(心脏骤停)resultsin544,000suddendeaths.However,fewerthan1%ofbystandersarecapableofperformingfirstaid.Therefore,FirstAidOnsiteislaunchingaseriesoftrainingprogramstopromotethepublic'sfirstaidskills.TrainingcontentThetrainingcoversessentialfirst-aidskillslikeAutomatedExternalDefibrillator(AED,自动体外除颤仪)use,chokinghandlingandbleedingcontrol.Thecoursesalsostresssafety,teamwork,andvolunteerspirits.Instructedbymedicalspecialistsfromemergencyinstitutions,thecoursescombinetheoryandpracticaltraining.TrainingmethodOurprogramsencourageteam-basedlearningandemployadvancedtechniqueslikesimulation(仿真)training.Afterthetheoreticallearning,therewillbehands-onactivitiestoboostthequalityandeffectivenessofoperationalskills.Moderntechnologiessuchassimulationmodels,virtualreality,andCardiopulmonaryResuscitation(CPR,心肺复苏术)deviceswillbeapplied.AssessmentandevaluationThetimespentonthetraining,typicallytwofulldays,mustbesufficienttoensurethetraineesperformCPRanddealwithwoundsproperly.Afterthebasictraining,thetraineesshouldpassatheoreticalexaminationandapracticalskillassessmentwithahuman-patientsimulatortoearnacertificate.Retrainingandretestarealsorequired6monthsafterthefirstroundoftrainingtoguaranteetheeffectiveness.Todate,morethan500trainingactivitieshavebeenconducted,andmorethan50,000peoplehavegotinvolved.Wehopeitwillresultinmorepeoplebeingabletoapplyfirstaidinanemergency.thussavingmorelivesinthefuture.Tojoinus,clickheretofillinanapplicationform.21.Whatdothetrainingcoursesfeature?A.Applyingtheoryintopractice.B.Providingfeedbackinformation.C.OfferingemployeesfreeAEDdevices.D.Schedulingemergencyinstitutionvisits.22.Ifqualified,whatcantraineesobtainafterthetraining?A.Aretraining.B.Acertificate.C.Anassessment.D.Asimulator.23.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook.B.Awebpage.C.Amagazine.D.Aresearchpaper.BZhaiYuliangbecomesextrabusywhenevertheholidaysarearoundthecorner.TheBeijinger,inhis60s,hasjustfinishedapairofpalacelanternsforacourtyardhomeinthecapital.“Theownerwantseverypartofthemtobedoneintheold-fashionedway,sothattheywillfitperfectlywiththegrandstyleoftheirhistoricalhouse.”saysZhai,whohaspracticedthecraftformorethanfourdecades.Oneofthemostpopularstyles,whichisalsoZhai'sfavorite,isthedouble-layeredoctagonal(八角形的)palacelantern.It'sfullofChineseelements,andfeaturesdragonheadsandmanyotherspecificpatterns.However,hestressestheessentialelementstobeclassifiedaspalacelanterns——hand-paintedscenesandChineseknotsasdecoration.Mostimportantly,theymustbecreatedusingthespecifictechniques,whichrequireover100steps.Tomakeapalacelantern,asinglecraftsmanhadtodoeverythingfromthewoodworktothepainting.“Ittakesmonthstomakeapalacelantern,”Zhaisays.“Itrequirestheskillsofawoodworker,theknowledgeofamechanic,anappreciationofclassicalarchitecture,poetry,paintingandanadditionaltalentformortise-and-tenonjoints(榫卯)byhandbeforetheycancreatetherightcarvingsandlayercombinations.Zhaihasreceivedmanyinvitationsfromcommunitiesandinstitutestoshowthecharmofpalacelanterns.Heparticularlyenjoyshostingworkshopswhereheteachespeopletomakelanternsthemselves.Heisenchantedtoseethesmilesofchildrenandtheexpressionsofadultswhentheycompletetheirworksunderhisguidance.Hebelieveshislifelongdevotiontothiscrafthasbeenworthwhile.HislanternscanbeseeninsuchlocationsastheTian'anmenSquareandmanyoverseassitesthatpromotefriendshipwithChina.“Whereveryouare,whenyouseeapalacelantern,youknowthere'saconnectiontoChina,”Zhaisays.24.Whatisamustofapalacelantern?A.Adragonheadingrandstyle.B.Applicationofover100techniques.C.Adouble-layeredoctagonalpattern.D.Hand-paintedscenesandChineseknots.25.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheprocessofmakingapalacelantern?A.Boring.B.Costly.C.Demanding.D.Innovative.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enchanted”inparagraph5mean?A.Envious.B.Curious.C.Stressed.D.Delighted.27.WhichofthefollowingaboutpalaceLanternsmayZhaiYuliangagreewith?A.Theybringhimfameandfortune.B.TheyactasaculturallinktoChina.C.They'rewellpreservedinoverseaslocations.D.Theyconnecthimwithmanyothercraftsmen.CAreyouchillaxedenough?Recently,havingasenseofeaseseemstohavebecomeoneofthemostimportantqualitiesthatapersonshouldhavetobeseenassuccessfulandattractive.Thediscussionarosefromapreviousincident.Afamily'sluggage(行李)wasrejectedforshipment,buttheycontinuedtheirjourneylikenothingbadhadhappened.Agirlwitnessedtheircalmattitudeindifficultcircumstancesandsharedthestoryonline.Shedescribedtheirattitudeasbeingchillaxed,meaningtostaycalminthefaceofbarriers.Withthephrasegainingmoreattention,anincreasingnumberofpeoplehavesharedtheirchillaxedlivesonline.Inpsychology,maintainingasenseofeaseissimilarto“psychologicalresilience”,whichreferstotheabilitytoeffectivelyadjustandadapttotoughsituations,particularlybybeingmentally,emotionallyandbehaviorallyflexibletopressure.Itstressesadriveforsuccess,steadilyadvancingtowardagoal,andbeingpreparedtoacceptanyoutcomewithoutcomplaining.Inbothworkandstudy,manypeoplegetanxiousorevencollapsewhenfacedwithshort-termbottlenecks.Therefore,theyhurriedlyseekimmediatechanges,whichinmostcasespreventsthemfromachievingthedesiredresult.Ratherthangoingafterimmediateoutcomes,it'smoresignificanttomaintainsteady,gradualprogressandadoptalong-termmindset.Interestingly,astheInternetbecomesfilledwithhashtags(标签)like“onlythosewhoarechillaxedareattractive”,manypeoplearebeginningtofeelanxiousbecausetheydon'tfitthatdescription.Still,it'simportanttonotethatwhileastateofeasemaybefavorable,there'snothingwrongwithnotbeingchillaxed.Indeed,manypeopleachievetheirgoalsbypushingthemselvestotheirlimits,thoughfeelingfrustratedatpressurefromtimetotime.Butaslongasyouarefightingforyourideallife,you'redefinitelysomeonewho'sappealingandrespectablenomatterwhetheryou'rechillaxedornot.28.Whyisthefamily'sexperiencementionedinthepassage?A.Topresenttheoriginoftheword“chillaxed”.B.Toshowthefamily'sabilitytostaychillaxed.C.Tohighlighttheimportanceofbeingchillaxed.D.Toargueagainsttherejectionofluggageshipment.29.What'shighlightedinpsychologicalresilience?A.Quickforgettingofchallenges.B.Dependenceonexternalfactors.C.Flexibilityandsteadyprogress.D.Seekingquickfixestoproblems.30.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsbeingchillaxed?A.Favorable.B.Objective.C.Dismissive.D.Unclear.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ProsandConsofBeingChillaxedB.RemainingChillaxedHelpstoSettleConflictsC.AChillaxedAttitude:ShortcutTowardsSuccessD.BeingChillaxed:TheArtofPsychologicalStrengthDImaginebeingabletogrowtiny,simplifiedversionsofhumanorgansinalab.Thisisnotasciencefiction;it'stherealityoforganoidsthatisinspiringtheimaginationofresearchersandthepublic.Theselab-grownmodelsofhumanorgansareasignificantleapforwardinourabilitiestounderstandandfightagainstdiseases.Organoidsare“grown”fromhumanstemcells(干细胞)inexternal3-dimensionalenvironmentwiththepotentialtodevelopintomanydifferenttypesofcellsinthebody.Thecreationoforganoidstypicallybeginswithadultcellsthathavebeenreprogrammedtoanembryonic(胚胎的)stemcell-likestate.Researchersthenexposethesecellstospecificgrowthfactorsandplacetheminnutrient-richenvironment,acomfortablehomeforthecellstogrowin.Overtime,scientistscandirectthesestemcellstoformorganoidsthataresimilarspecificorgans,suchasbrain,lung,orevenpartsofheart.Thefuturefororganoidsisfilledwithvastpromise.Oneofthemostsignificantapplicationsliesintheircapacitytomodeldiseases.Byusingstemcellsfrompatients,researcherscangenerateorganoidsthatcarrythegeneticcharacteristicsofspecificdiseases.Thisenablesthestudyofdiseasesandofferspotentialtreatmentsinapersonalizedmanner.Itprovidesamoreaccuratereproductionofhumanorgans,whichiscrucialforstudyingdiseasesanddevelopingpersonalizedtreatments.It'slikehavingasparepartgrownjustforyou!Moreover,theycanbeusedtotestnewmedicineswithouthavinganimalsorpeoplesubjectsinvolved.Asorganoidsbecomeincreasinglycomplexandstarttolookmorelikerealorgans,concernsabouttheirstatusandthepotentialformisusearise.Thereisariskthatorganoidscouldbeappliedforillegalpurpose.Sinceorganoidscanbemadefromaperson'scells,it'salsoimportantthattheperson'sprivacyshouldbekeptsafe.Scientistsandethicists(伦理学家)arecooperatingtoestablishethicalrulesthatgoverntheuseoforganoids,ensuringtheuseoforganoidsisresponsibleandconsistenttostrictethicalguidelines.32.Whatisanorganoid?A.Itisascenefromasciencefiction.B.Itisatoolforstimulatingimagination.C.Itisacopyversionofahumanorgan.D.Itisexternal3-dimensionalenvironment.33.What'sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theprocessofreproducingorganoids.B.Thereasonstodoresearchonorganoids.C.Thepotentialoforganoidsformedicalresearch.D.Theintroductiontoorganoids'growingenvironment.34.Whatmakeorganoidspromisingformedicalresearch?A.Simplifyingahumanorgan'scomplexity.B.Transformingthemechanismsofthediseases.C.Offeringparticulartreatmentsfordifferentpatients.D.Performingaccurateresearchonanimalsandpeople.35.Howcanpeoplepreventthemisuseoforganoids?A.Bystickingstrictlytoethicalprinciples.B.Byincreasingthecomplexityoforganoids.C.Byexpandingtheethicalimpactoforganoids.D.Bypopularizingtheuseoforganoidsinresearch.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Peoplerefusingtolearnasecondlanguageareshortsightedandarelosinganopportunityfordevelopment.Popularmotivationsforlearningalanguageareusuallyrelatedtotourism,careeradvancement,doingbusinessandsoon.36Learningalanguageisalotlikesolvingapuzzle.Youhavetofigureouttherulesandhowthewordsarestructureddifferently.You'renotonlypickingupwordsandphrases,butalsolearninganewwayoforganizingyourthoughts.37Gradually,youwillbecomebetteratthinkingthingsthroughandfindingsolutionstoproblems.Whenyoulearnalanguage,you'renotjustmemorizingvocabulary.You'rechallengingyourbraintorecognizepatterns,rememberrules,andapplytheminvariouscontexts.38Thisconstantmentalexerciseofmindmaycontributetoatougherbrain,keepingyourmindsharpanddelayingdeclineofcognitive(认知的)abilityandothermemoryloss.39Languagehelpsyouappreciatetheperspectiveofadifferentculture.NelsonMandelaoncesaid,“Ifyoutalktoamaninalanguageheunderstands,thatgoestohishead.Ifyoutalktohiminhislanguage,thatgoestohisheart.”Talkingtoapersonintheirownlanguagehelpsyoucomprehendtheirexperiencemorethoroughlyandputyourselfintheirshoesinawaythatwouldn'totherwisebepossible.Inshort,theadventureofmasteringasecondlanguageisfarmorerewardingthanonemightinitiallyrealizeandgoesbeyondwhatmeetstheeyes.It'savitalmeanstoperceiveawiderworldandappreciatediversity.40Let'sallembrace(拥抱)theexcitingchallengeandunlockaworldofnewopportunities,insights,andconnections.A.It'slikeaworkoutforyourbrain.B.Infact,itrequiresmorethanonlytranslating.C.Alanguage'sworth,though,goeswellbeyondthose.D.Thiscanleadtoamoreflexibleandcreativemindset.E.So,forwhateverreasons,giveasecondlanguageatry.F.Learningitslanguageisthebestwaytograspaculture.G.Besides,there'smuchmoretogainthanjustaself-understanding.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。Climbingisafunactivitywithfriendsandfamiliesatanyage.Therock-climbingcommunityisfilledwithamazingandthoughtful41.AaronGuerrawhoiscurrently71yearsoldcanclimblikeanyyoungpeopleandperhapsevenbetter.Aaronandhisson,Kevin,climbtogetherweekly.KevinwastakenbyhisfatherAaronforaclimboutdoorswhenhewas16.Oneofthe42ofKevin'sclimbingjourneyisthathehasbeenfreeofseriousinjuriesexceptfor43musclestrains(拉伤).Aaronkeptremindinghimto44duringriskymoves,whetherthroughverbal45orjustamentalpresence.“I46hearhisvoicetellingmetobecarefulwhenI'm47ariskymove,whetherit'sinmyheadorfromtheground!”recalledKevin.ClimbinghasahugeimpressiononKevin'slife.Itencourageshimto48himselfphysicallyandmentally.Healso49howtosolveproblemsbyfindingthe50waytoclimbuparoute.Hehasmetgreatfriendswho51thesamepassionandpusheachotherhigher!“Andit'sgivenmeanoutletto52timewithmydadaswebothgetolder,”addedKevin.Aaronhasalwaysbeenan53figureinKevin'slifewhenitcomestostaying54andactive.Climbingregularlywithhisdadhasbeenarewarding55.41.A.teenagersB.citizensC.individualsD.tourists42.A.belongingsB.findingsC.blessingsD.savings43.A.severeB.minorC.painfulD.apparent44.A.giveinB.watchoutC.jumpupD.carryon45.A.structureB.equipmentC.conditionD.guidance46.A.definitelyB.ultimatelyC.graduallyD.barely47.A.designingB.attemptingC.followingD.recording48.A.teachB.improveC.enjoyD.abandon49.A.analysesB.lecturesC.inquiresD.learns50.A.bestB.widestC.rarestD.newest51.A.supportB.applyC.hideD.share52.A.spendB.wasteC.killD.miss53.A.outgoingB.abstractC.influentialD.elegant54.A.fitB.busyC.smartD.calm55.A.mannerB.professionC.routeD.experience第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SanxingduihasproducedawealthofamazingBronzeAgeobjects.Manyofthesetreasureswereintentionallyruinedorburntbeforebeingburied,56(raise)questionsaboutwhattheywereusedforandhowtheymettheirend.Amongthoseobjects,ahugebronzemask(面具)that57(discover)in2021,measures71cmhighby131cmwide,and58(date)backtoaround1300-1100BC.Itisthe59(large)bronzemaskeverfoundatthesite.Theface,eyes,andearswerecast60(separate)andthenconnectedtogether.Theopeningsinthecenteroftheforeheadandonbothsidesofthefacewereintendedtoattachthemask61something.Remainsofsilkhavebeenobservedneartherighteye—cluesforfurtherresearchintotheuseandfunctionofthemask.Thebronzemasks,heads,andstatuesdiscoveredweredistinctiveinChina,andindeedanywhereelse.Itseemedthatthissuperbartistrywasexpressing62uniqueviewoftheworldthatdevelopedinandaroundSanxingdui,63layintheSichuanbasinoftheYangtzeRiver,aremoteregion64(surround)byhighmountains.Sanxingduidisappearedforalongtime.ThesitecouldoncebecountedamongthegreatestBronzeAgecitiesinSoutheastAsia,butitwasnottolast.Sometimearound1000BC,thesettlementwasabandonedandits65(significant)waseventuallyforgotten.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，外教Mike布置了题为Summer的英文五行诗创作作业，你认为诗歌的题目和形式限制了创作。请你给外教写一封邮件。内容包括：1.说明问题;2.提出建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。