高中一轮复习英语讲义必修一Module6TheInternetandTelemunications

Module6TheInternetandTelemunications一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．keywordn． 密码；口令2．logvt. 记录；登录3．viaprep. 途经；经由4．percentagen. 百分数；百分率5．documentn. 文件[第二屏听写]6．militaryadj. 军事的；军队的7．fantasticadj. 极好的；美妙的8．statisticsn. (复)统计数字9．sidewaysadv. 横着地；斜着地Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第三屏听写]1．containvt. 包含；包括2．accessn. 接近；通路3．sourcen. 来源；出处4．accessibleadj. 可进入的；可使用的5．defencen. 保护；防卫[第四屏听写]6．createvt. 创造；发明7．designvt. 设计8．essayn. 文章9．inventionn. 发明10．permissionn. 许可[第五屏听写]11．concentratevi. 集中(注意力、思想等)12．definiteadj. 明确的13．independentadj. 独立的14．passvt. 超过15．frequentlyadv. 时常；经常[第六屏听写]16．disadvantagen． 弊端；缺点17．averageadj. 平均的18．shortenvt. 缩短19．softwaren. 软件20．breakdownn. 故障[第七屏听写]21．datan． (复)数据22．networkn. 网络23．crashvi. (计算机)崩溃24．consist_of 由……组成25．as_well 也[第八屏听写]26．pared_with与……相比27．go_down下降28．e_up_with提出29．from_that_moment_on从那时起30．concentrate_on聚精会神；集中思想31．bee_known_as_...作为……而出名；被称为……；叫作……二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.keywordn．密码；口令2.logvt.记录；登录3.viaprep.途经；经由4.percentagen.百分数；百分率5.documentn．文件6.militaryadj.军事的；军队的7.fantasticadj.极好的；美妙的8.statisticsn.(复)统计数字9.sidewaysadv.横着地；斜着地Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.crashvi.(计算机)崩溃2.softwaren.软件3.breakdownn.故障4.datan.(复)数据5.networkn.网络核心单词练通1.Thisbookcontains(包括)10chapters,andeachofthemhasaseparatetopic.2.Thesunisthemajorsource(来源)ofenergyforourplanet.3.Scientistsbelievetheworld'saverage(平均的)temperaturehasrisenbyabout0.8%since1900.4.WiththewayIlooknow,howcouldIpossiblypass(通过)thisinterview？5.Lastweek,IevenforgottodomyEnglishessay(文章)．拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.accessn．接近；通路→accessibleadj.可进入的；可使用的2.defencen．保护；防卫→defendvt.防护；防卫3.createvt.创造；发明→creationn．创造(力)→creativeadj.有创造力的4.designvt.设计→designern．设计者5.inventionn．发明→inventvt.发明→inventorn．发明者6.permissionn．许可→permitvt.许可n．许可证7.concentratevi.集中(注意力、思想等)→concentrationn．集中；专心8.independentadj.独立的→independencen．独立→dependv．依靠；依赖9.frequentlyadv.时常；经常→frequentadj.频繁的；经常发生的→frequencyn．发生率；频率10.disadvantagen．弊端；缺点→(反义词)advantagen．优点；长处11.shortenvt.缩短→shortadj.短的；缺乏的12.definiteadj.明确的→definitelyadv.明确地；确切地[用准用活]1.Fallenrockscutofftheonlyaccesstothevillage,soitisnotaccessibletotheoutsidenow.(access)2.It'sbelievedthathardworkcancreatewealthbutthecreationofwealthalsoneedscreativequality.(create)3.MrSmith,aninventor,_hasinventedmanyusefulthingsandhasmademuchmoneyfromhisinventions.(invent)4.Hisfatherwouldn'tpermithimtodrivethereevenifhehadgothisdrivingpermit.Withouthisfather'spermission,_hehadnochoicebuttogotherebybusoronabike.(permit)5.Concentrationisimportantforthiskindofwork,andonlybyconcentratingonitcanyougetitdonewell.(concentrate)6.ThefamousbuildingissaidtobedesignedbyanoutstandingdesignercalledJason.(design)7.Mostofusarelongingtobeindependentfromourparents,becauseourindependenceshowsthatwe'vegrownupbutwhenmeetingwithdifficulties，we'llhavetodependonourparents.(depend)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“v.＋prep./adv.”合成名词万花筒①breakdown故障②break­up破裂③breakthrough突破④make­up化妆品⑤get­together聚会⑥setback挫折2.­sion结尾名词大观园①permission许可②decision决定③discussion讨论④possession拥有⑤explosion爆炸⑥expression表达3.“独立”和“依赖”相关词集锦①independentadj.独立的②independencen.独立③dependentadj.依赖的④dependencen.依赖⑤dependv.依赖4.“频率”降下来①alwaysadv.总是②usuallyadv.通常③frequently/oftenadv.时常④sometimesadv.有时⑤seldom/rarelyadv.不常⑥neveradv.从不(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.consist_of由……组成2.as_well也3pared_with与……相比4e_up_with提出5.concentrate_on聚精会神；集中思想6.bee_known_as_...作为……而出名；被称为……；叫作……Ourclass①consists_of56students.Withthehelpofourteachers,wehavelearnedhowto②e_up_withquestions.Inclass,we③concentrate_onourteachers.④pared_withotherclasses,ourclassismoreactiveinschoolactivities.Wetakeanactivepartinsocialactivities⑤as_well.Finally,ourclass⑥bees_known_asamodelclass.第二组1.log_on/off注册/注销2.go_down下降3.from_that_moment_on从那时起4.a_series_of一系列的Manyyoungpeoplecouldn'taffordthehouses.Fortunately,lastyearthegovernmenttook①a_series_ofmeasurestoreducethepricesofthehouses.②From_that_moment_on,_thepricesofthehousesgradually③went_down.⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.由logon/off想到的①turnon/off打开/关闭②switchon/off打开/关闭③geton/off上车/下车2.“由……组成”短语多棱镜①consistof由……组成②bemadeupof由……组成③beposedof由……组成3.“v.＋up＋with”短语大聚会①eupwith提出②catchupwith赶上；追上③keepupwith跟上④putupwith容忍；忍受(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.Berners­LeemadeitpossibleforeveryonetousetheInternet,notjustuniversitiesandthearmy.贝尔纳斯·李使每个人都能使用互联网成为可能，而不仅仅限于大学和军队。make复合结构中，it作形式宾语。这项发明使我们在家里买我们需要的东西成为可能。Thisinventionmakes_it_possible_for_us_to_buywhatweneedathome.2.OurEnglishteacherisexcellent,butshecan'thelpeveryoneintheclassin50minutes.我们的英语老师非常棒，但是她不可能在50分钟内帮助班里的每一位同学。not...everyone表示部分否定。这种美味的食物并不适合每个人。Thiskindofdeliciousfooddoesn't_agree_with_everyone.3.I'mhomenow,whynotgivemeacall？我现在在家，为什么不给我打呢？Whynotdo...？“为什么不做……？”，常在口语中用来提出建议。为什么不来参观中国剪纸艺术展呢？(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Why_not_e_and_take_part_intheChinesepaper­cuttingartexhibition？考点新组合阅读微技能NowadaysmoreandmorepeoplehaveaccesstotheInternet.TheInternetcontainsalotofusefulinformations,makingiteasierforustogetknowledge.❶Buttherearetoomanygamesdesignedforchildren,andsomechildrenplaygamesso________(frequent)❷thattheycan'tconcentrateontheirstudies.________❸howtotakeadvantageofitisabigproblem.1.①句中有一处语言错误，请改正。informations→information2.②处填入单词的正确形式为frequently。3.③处应填入的最佳选项为__B__。A.ButB．SoC．And1．accessn．接近；通路；接近或进入的权利/机会/通路v.进入；存取(尤指电脑数据)(1)accessto... 接近……的机会；进入……的权利have/get/gain/obtainaccessto... 得以接近/会见/进入……(2)accessibleadj. 可进入的；可使用的beaccessibleto 可进入……；可使用……；易接近……[多角练透]单句语法填空①Peoplehavebetteraccesstohealthcarethantheyusedto,andthey'relivinglongerasaresult.(2017·北京高考单选)②Allthesitesarefreetothepublicandaccessible(access)toanyonewithanInternetconnection.一句多译药品不应放在孩子们够得到的地方。③Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhere_it_is_accessible_to_children.(accessible)④Medicineshouldbekeptwhere_it_is_out_of_children's_range.(range)⑤Medicineshouldbekeptwhere_it_is_out_of_children's_reach.(reach)[名师指津]access前通常不加冠词，且access和accessible短语中的to是介词。2．containvt.包含；包括；容纳；容忍；克制，抑制(感情)[一词多义]写出下列句中contain的含义①Itcontainsalotofpicturestakenduringmychildhood.Itkeepsarecordofmybirthatthehospital,myfirstsmileandmyfirstwalk.包含②Thenewstadiumislargeenoughtocontain2,000people.容纳③Hearingthedisappointingnews,hewastoosadtocontainhimself.克制，抑制[归纳拓展]containoneself 克制自己；自制containern. 容器④Hewastooexcitedtocontain_himselfwhenthecontainerwastobeopened.当容器被打开的瞬间他激动地几乎不能自已。[巧学助记]Thecontainercontainsmanykindsoffruits,includingapineapple/apineappleincluded.这个容器盛放着许多种水果，其中包括一个菠萝。3．designvt.设计；构思；计划n.设计；图案；构思(1)design...for...为……而设计……bedesignedfor/todo计划做；打算用来做bedesignedas被设置为……(2)bydesign蓄意地，故意地[多角练透]单句语法填空①Theorganisationisdesignedto_help(help)peoplewhowishtoteachabroad.②Thiscourseisspeciallydesignedforbeginnerslikeyou,focusingonlisteningandspeakingpractice.补全句子③Doyouthinkthathedidn'tturnupbyaccidentorby_design?你认为他没出现是偶然地还是故意地？[联想发散]表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结：(1)故意地①bydesign②onpurpose③deliberately(2)偶然地①bychance②byaccident③accidentally4．concentratevi.集中(注意力、思想等)(1)concentrate...on/upon(doing)sth. 专心于(做)某事concentrateon/upon... 全神贯注于；集中于(2)concentrationn. 专心，集中[多角练透]单句语法填空①Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationstostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)②Heconcentratedhisenergiesonstudying(study)thehistoryofLoulan.③Speakingonthephonerequiresconcentration(concentrate)andtakesadriver'sattentionfromtheroad.句式升级④Heconcentratedhismindonhisworkanddidn'tnoticemyappearance.→With_his_mind_concentrated_on_his_work,_hedidn'tnoticemyappearance.(用with复合结构改写)→His_mind_concentrated_on_his_work,_hedidn'tnoticemyappearance.(用独立主格结构改写)[联想发散]“集中精力于；专心于”的常用短语还有：①beabsorbedin ②payattentionto③applyoneselfto ④devoteoneselfto⑤putone'sheartinto ⑥beburiedin/buryoneselfin⑦belostin/loseoneselfin ⑧fix/focusone'sattentionon5．makeit＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.Berners­Leemade_it_possible_for_everyone_to_usetheInternet,notjustuniversitiesandthearmy.贝尔纳斯·李使每个人都能使用互联网成为可能，而不仅仅限于大学和军队。该句型为“makeit＋adj./n.＋forsb.todosth.”结构，其中it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是“forsb.todosth.”。(1)make＋it＋形容词/名词＋that从句make＋it＋形容词/名词＋todo不定式make＋it＋nogood/nouse/novalue...＋doingsth.(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think,consider,find,feel,take等。单句语法填空①Nowadaysconvenienttransportmakesitpossibleforusto_travel(travel)aroundtheworldwithinminutes.②Shemadeitclearthatshewasagainsttheplan.句式升级③WemakeitaruletogototheEnglishCornertopracticeEnglisheveryafternoon.(用“make＋it＋名词＋从句”改写)→Wemake_it_a_rule_that_we_go_totheEnglishCornertopracticeEnglisheveryafternoon.补全句子④Hefound_it_very_important_for_students_to_learnEnglishwell.他发现对于学生来说学好英语很重要。⑤Wethought_it_wrong_thatthechildshouldbeleftaloneinthehouse.我们认为把孩子单独留在家中是错误的。考点新组合阅读微技能ClassTwoconsistedof❶50studentsinall,andLiHuawasoneofthem.Hewasahard­workingstudentandscoredonaverageinmostsubjects,buthewaspoorinEnglish.HisEnglishteachercameupwithagoodmethod________(help)❷himimprovehisEnglish.Andfinallyhecaughtup________❸others.1.①处consistof的同义短语还有be_made_up_of；be_posed_of。2.②处填入单词的正确形式为to_help。3.③处应填入介词with，与前面的“caughtup”构成的短语意为“赶上”。6．averageadj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准v.平均为；计算出……的平均数anaverageof 平均有(后跟数词)withthe/anaverageof 平均为on(the/an)average 平均地；在一般情况下above/below(the)average 高于/低于平均数/水平uptoaverage 达到平均数/水平[多角练透]单句语法填空①Themoncoldisagoodexample:women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen.(2016·四川高考)②Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperature0.68℃abovetheaverage.(2015·重庆高考单选)补全句子③Anaverageoftenstudentshaven't_passedtheexamineachclass.每个班平均有10位学生未通过考试。④It'sasmallshop,with_an_average_ofabout500customersaweek.这是一家小店，每周平均约有500名顾客。[名师指津](1)“theaverageof...”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。(2)“anaverageof＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。7．consistof由……组成；由……构成(1)consistin在于，存在于consistwith与……一致，相吻合(2)consistentadj.相容的；一致的beconsistentwith和……一致/相符[多角练透]单句语法填空①Ifwhatyousayisnotconsistent(consist)withwhatyoudo,itwillhaveabadeffectonyourchildren.②Listeningisthusanactive,notapassive,behaviorconsisting(consist)ofhearing,understandingandremembering.(2015·浙江高考单选)③Thebeautyofthepictureconsistsinitsbalanceofcolors.④Thisdoesn'tconsistwithwhatyoutoldmeearlier.补全句子⑤Fivepeoplemakeuptheteam;inotherwords,theteamconsists_of(＝is_posed_of/is_made_up_of)fivepeople.五个人组成了这个团队。换句话说，这个团队是由五个人组成的。[名师指津]由consist组成的几个短语consistof/in/with都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。8．eupwith提出；想出；赶上eup 走近；上来；被提出，被提及(无被动形式)eabout 发生；产生eacross (偶然)遇见；发现；被理解eout 出来；出版eto 来到(某地)；加起来总共；恢复知觉Whenitesto... 当涉及/谈到……[多角练透]介(副)词填空①Whenwalkingdownthestreet,IcameacrossDavid,whomIhadn'tseenforyears.②Severalnewbookswillhaveeoutbytheendofnextmonth.③Howdiditeaboutthatthemanwasdismissed?④Aquestioncameupatthemeetingyesterday.补全句子⑤Havingdiscussedtheproblemallafternoon,theyfinallycame_up_withasolutiontoit.讨论了这个问题整整一下午，他们最终想出了解决方法。⑥When_it_es_tostudents'surfingtheInternet,somepeoplethinkstudentscanbenefitfromit.当谈到学生上网时，有些人认为学生可以从中获益。[名师指津]eup的主语是物，表示(计划、建议、议题等)被提出，无被动语态。而eupwith主语是人或团体组织，表示(某人)提出(建议、计划、方案)，为及物动词短语。[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Yesterday,theguestsfromtheUnitedStatesvisitedtheForbiddenCity,andtheyclimbedtheGreatWallaswell.2．Becausehisbookwonaprize,hebecameknownasafamouswriterovernight.3．Withthetemperaturegoing(go)down,wefeltcolderandcolderinthecave.4．Fromthatmomenton,_hetaughtEnglishasateacherinthisprimaryschool.5．Onceyouleavecollege,youshouldbeindependentofyourparentsandmakemoneyonyourown.6．Thereis(be)aseriesofinterestingbooksintheshop.7．Nomatterwhereheis,hemakesitaruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.8．Ateam,consisting(consist)oftwodoctorsandthreepoliceman,wassenttosearchforthelostexplorers.9．Researchfindingsseemtoindicatethatthecreation(create)byagreatartistisaspermanentanachievementasthediscoverybyagreatscientist.10．Ifyouwishtoinviteafriendovertovisit,youmustfirstaskyourhost'spermission(permit)．Ⅱ.单句改错1．Byaverage,womenlivebetweenfiveandsevenyearslongerthanmen.By→On2．Whataniceday!Whynottogooutforawalk？去掉to3．Plasticbagsandboxesknownfor“whitepollution”havebeeaseriousproblem.for→as4．Theyconcentratedalltheirattentiontofindingasolutiontotheproblem.第一个to→on5．Theprojectdesigningtohelplandlesspeoplejustdidn'tworkoutasplanned.designing→designed6．Theheavyrainmadedifficultforthemtofinishtheworkontime.made后加it7．Thelegalaidsystemshouldbeaccessibleformorepeople.for→to8．Afterthemeal,sheplacedalittleboxcontainedanoldpeninmyhand.contained→containing9．paringwiththebookboughtlastweek,thisoneismoreinterestingparing→pared10．TheUnitedKingdom,theU．S.,Canada,Australia,NewZealandareallEnglish­spokencountries.English­spoken→English­speakingⅢ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1．他经常被称为“劳动节之父”，因为他是第一个提出这个想法的人。(eupwith)Heisoftencalled“thefatherofLaborDay”，forheisthe_first_one_to_e_up_withtheidea.2．外面的噪音太大了，海伦很难集中精力于她的学习。(concentrateon)ThenoiseoutsidewassoloudthatHelenhad_some_difficulty_concentrating_onherstudy.3．与去年相比，今年小麦的产量增加了不少。(paredwith)pared_with_last_year,_theoutputofwheathasincreasedagreatdealthisyear.4．互联网使人们与他人保持联系更容易了。(makeit＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.)TheInternetmakes_it_easier_for_people_to_keep_in_touch_withothers.5．事实上，网上购物既有优点又有弊端。(disadvantage)Infact,thereareboth_advantages_and_disadvantagesinonlineshopping.Ⅳ.句型转换/一句多译1．Onaverage,theproductionofcottonincreasedby6percentayear.→Theproductionofcottonincreasedwith_the/an_average_of6percentayear.2．BeforetheHopeProjectwascarriedoutinthispoorarea,childrencouldn'tgeteducation.→BeforetheHopeProjectwascarriedoutinthispoorarea,childrenhad_no_access_to_education.3．这座主题公园由五部分组成，而且每一部分都有一个特殊的主题。①Thisthemeparkconsists_offiveparts,andthereisaspecialthemeineachpart.(consist)②Thisthemeparkis_made_up_offiveparts,andthereisaspecialthemeineachpart.(make)③Thisthemeparkis_posed_offiveparts,andthereisaspecialthemeineachpart.(pose)[高考拆组训练]主观题强化增分专练——练规范(限时：45分钟)Ⅰ.语法填空AschoolinSarajevonotonlyacceptedadeafstudent,butalso__1__(teach)theentireclasssignlanguagetoallowthemtobettermunicatewithhim.TheheartwarmingstorybeganinSeptemberlastyear__2__awomanaskedtheprimaryschoolinherneighborhood__3__(accept)hersix­year­oldson,Zejd,whohasa__4__(hear)disability.Theteacher,Sanela,agreedalmostimmediately,__5__onthefirstdayofschool,shenoticedZejd__6__(sit)allbyhimself,unabletomunicatewithanyofhisclassmates.Sanela,__7__(determine)tofindawayout,trieddevelopingafewsignsofherown.Butaparentofanotherchildcameupwith__8__evenbetteridea—gettingthewholeclasstolearnsignlanguagealongwithZejd.Sotheygotasignlanguageteacheronboard,andthreemonthslater,Zejdwasabletomunicate__9__(happy)withallhisclassmatesaboutregularthingslikehomeworkand__10__(game)．语篇解读：文章讲述了一所学校接受一名聋哑儿童之后班级同学跟他一起学习手语互相交流的故事。1．taught句意：萨拉热窝的一所学校不仅接受了一名聋哑学生，还教会全班同学手语让他们更好地与他交流。notonly...butalso...连接并列的成分或结构，设空处应与accepted时态一致，故填动词的过去式taught。2．when句意：这个暖人心房的故事始于去年九月份，那时一位女士请求当地的小学接受她那有听力障碍的六岁的儿子扎德。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰表示时间的先行词“lastyear”，且在从句中作时间状语。故填when。3．toaccept参见上题解析。asksb.todosth.为固定搭配，意为“请求/让某人做某事”。故填toaccept。4．hearing参见第2题解析。根据句意可知，此处指扎德有听力障碍，hearing为名词，意为“听觉”。故填hearing。5．but/yet句意：萨内拉老师马上同意了，但是开学第一天她发现扎德一直自己坐着，无法与任何同学交流。根据老师的态度以及扎德后来在学校里的表现可以看出，上下文之间是转折关系。故填but/yet。6．sitting参见上题解析。noticesb.doingsth.为固定用法，根据句意，sit的动作正在进行，应用动词­ing形式作宾语补足语。故填sitting。7．determined句意：萨内拉决心找一个方法来解决这个问题，她试着创造一些自己的手势。(be)determinedtodo...为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，故填determined，在句中作状语。8．an句意：但是另一个孩子的家长想出一个更好的主意——让全班同学跟扎德一起学手语。设空后的idea是第一次出现，表示泛指，应用不定冠词；空格后的even的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。9．happily句意：因此，他们有了一个手语老师，三个月后，扎德可以开心地与同学们交流一些像作业和游戏之类的常规东西。设空处修饰动词，应用副词形式，故填happily。10．games参见上题解析。空格前的things是复数名词，homework和games是对things的解释。game为可数名词，设空前无冠词