2025版高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第一册Unit4BodyLanguage提能训练

Unit4BodyLanguageⅠ.阅读理解A(2024·1月浙江卷)Researcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)usetocommunicate.Theysaywildchimpscommunicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwitha“vocabulary”of66gestures.ThescientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowingandfilminggroupsofchimpsinUganda,andexaminingmorethan5,000incidentsofthesemeaningfulexchanges.DrCatherineHobaiter,wholedtheresearch,saidthatthiswastheonlyformofintentionalcommunicationtoberecordedintheanimalkingdom.Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember.“That'swhat'ssoamazingaboutchimpgestures，”shesaid.“They'retheonlythingthatlookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespect.”Althoughpreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandcomplexinformationfromanotheranimal'scall,theanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoicesintentionallytocommunicatemessages.Thiswasasignificantdifferencebetweencallsandgestures,DrHobaitersaid.Chimpswillchecktoseeiftheyhavetheattentionoftheanimalwithwhichtheywishtocommunicate.Inonecase,amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby,signaling:“Climbonme.”Theyoungsterimmediatelyjumpsontoitsmother'sbackandtheytravelofftogether.“Thebigmessagefromthisstudyisthatthereisanotherspecies(物种)outtherethatismeaningfulinitscommunication,sothat'snotuniquetohumans，”saidDrHobaiter.DrSusanneShultz,andevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchester,saidthestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage.But,sheadded,theresultswere“alittledisappointing”．“Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletocommunicate,orwearestillmissingalotoftheinformationcontainedintheirgesturesandactions，”shesaid.“Moreover,themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalsconveywithnon-verbalcommunication.So,itseemsthegulfremains.”语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。讲解并描述了猩猩如何利用手势进行语言沟通的新发觉。1．WhatdochimpsandhumanshaveincommonaccordingtoDrHobaiter？DA．Memorizingspecificwords.B．Understandingcomplexinformation.C．Usingvoicestocommunicate.D．Communicatingmessagesonpurpose.解析：微小环节理解题。依据题干DrHobaiter定位到其次段最终一句“Onlyhumansandchimps...hadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember.”，可知，人类和猩猩的相像之处就是有目的的传递信息进行沟通。故选D。2．WhatdidDrShultzthinkofthestudy？BA．Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.B．Itwasagoodtrybutthefindingswerelimited.C．Itwasinspiringbuttheevidencewasunreliable.D．Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.解析：推理推断题。依据DrShultz定位到第六段“...thestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage.But,sheadded,theresultswere‘alittledisappointing'.”可知，她认为这项探讨是值得赞扬的，它尝试丰富我们对人类语言进化的原有学问，但结果还是有点令人悲观。故选B(这是一个很好的尝试，但发觉的结果有限。)。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gulf”inthelastparagraphmean？AA．Difference. B．Conflict.C．Balance. D．Connection.解析：词义揣测题。依据画线词所在句及前句可知，目前探讨所得的猩猩手势的含义还没有超出其他动物的非声音沟通所表达的含义，换句话说须要进一步探讨，揭示其存在的不同。difference区分；不同；conflict冲突；balance平衡；connection连接。故选A。4．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext？DA．Chimpanzeebehaviourstudyachievedabreak-throughB．ChimpanzeesdevelopedspecificcommunicationskillsC．Chimpanzees:thesmartestspeciesintheanimalkingdomD．Chimpanzeelanguage:communicationgesturestranslated解析：标题归纳题。解除A项(猩猩行为探讨学有重大突破)、B(猩猩进化出特殊的沟通技巧)和C项(猩猩是动物王国中最聪慧的)。全文都是围围着猩猩如何利用手势进行语言沟通来进行阐述。故选D(黑猩猩沟通手势语言)。B(2024·辽宁省五校联考)Supposeyouareoutshoppingandcomeacrossanacquaintancewhostartstellingyouastorythatseemstobedraggingonandon.Youwanttoseeminterested,soyouoffertheoccasional“Oh”or“Isee”．Toyoursurprise,though,thispersonangrilystopsintheirtracksandsays,“SorryifI'mboringyou！”Wheredidthiscomefrom？Clearly,yourbodylanguagemusthavebetrayedyou.Theideathatverbal(口头的)andnonverbalmessagescanconflictwastheinspirationforarecentlypublishedstudyfromYaleUniversity'sLucylleArmentano.spartofherstudyofcommunicationinrelationships,Armentano'sresearchalsoexaminedcommunicationchannelsinpeople'smeetingforthefirsttime.Totesttheroleoftheverbal-nonverbalmismatchonemotionalcommunication,Armentanoandherpartnercreatedexperimentalconditionstoseewhatwouldhappenwhensomeoneaskedforhelpfromstrangers.TheresearchteamcreatedvideotapesofafellowYalestudentexpressinghisnervousnessinhiswords,bodilygestures,orboth.Thebodilygesturesincludedrunninghishandsthroughhishair,grabbinghisarm,andfaciallyexpressinguneasiness.Thekeyquestionwaswhethertheotherparticipants,another82Yalestudents,wouldbelievethestudentandprovidethehelphewasrequesting.Theyneededtogivetheirresponses.Turningtothefindings,thosenonverbalcues(示意)ofnervousnesshadagreaterimpactonhelpingbehaviorthantheverbalcues.Surprisingly,helpingbehaviorwasthehighestwhenverbalexpressionsofnervousnesswerelowbutnonverbalcueswerehigh.Recognizingthatyourbodylanguagecanoutweighyourwordsmeansthatyouneedtobemindfulofwhatyourbodyisdoingwhenyou'reinteractingwithothers.Generally,whensomeoneisspeakingtoyou,youwanttolooklikeyou'reinterested.Notonlyshouldyoumaintaineyecontact,butyoushouldkeepyourbodystillandfacetowardtheotherperson.Ifyou'renottryingtolookinterested,itmaybemorepolitetosayyouhavetobesomewhereelse.语篇导读：耶鲁高校的LucylleArmentano最近发表了一项探讨，该探讨表明与人互动时，你的肢体语言可以赛过你的口头语言。5．WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout？CA．Theobviousadvantagesofbodylanguage.B．Asituationwherebodylanguageisamust.C．Anexampleoftheverbal-nonverbalmismatch.D．Theproperwaytointeractwitholdfriends.解析：主旨大意题。依据文章第一段最终两句可知，这是一个言语和行为不一样的举例，即言语和非言语不匹配的例子。故选C。6．Whatwerethe82Yalestudentsaskedtodo？DA．Expressnervousnessintheirwords.B．Identifythetypeofbodilylanguage.C．Trytowinthenervousstudent'strust.D．Respondtothenervousstudent'srequest.解析：微小环节理解题。依据文章第三段最终两句“Thekeyquestion...givetheirresponses.”可知，关键问题是，其他的参加者，即另外82名耶鲁学生，是否会信任这个学生，并供应他所要求的帮助。他们须要给出自己的反应。由此可知，这82名耶鲁学生被要求对惊惶的学生的要求作出回应。故选D。7．Whatplayedthemostimportantroleinhelpingthestudentwinkindness？BA．Hissincereverbalexpressions.B．Hisbodygesturesofnervousness.C．Hispositiveattitudetonervousness.D．Hisgoodmannersinfrontofothers.解析：微小环节理解题。依据文章第四段最终一句“Surprisingly,helpingbehavior...cueswerehigh.”可知，令人惊异的是，当惊惶的言语表达较少而非言语示意较多时，帮助行为最高。由此可知，非语言示意，即惊惶的肢体动作是赢得善意最重要的因素。故选B。8．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph？BA．Makeaprediction. B．Offersuggestions.C．Presentsomefacts. D．Givesomewarnings.解析：推理推断题。文章最终一段第一句讲了意识到你的肢体语言可以赛过你说的话意味着当你与他人互动时，你须要留意你的身体在做什么，再结合下文内容可推知，作者在本段主要是给出一些建议。故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·济南市学情检测)AschoolinSarajevoismakingheadlines.The1.DbeganinSeptemberlastyear.MirzanaCoralicrequestedtheprimaryschoolinherneighborhoodto2.Ahersix-year-oldson,Zejd,whohasa3.Cdisability.Theteacher,SanelaLjumanovic,acceptedalmost4.D,butonthefirstdayofschool,shenoticedZejdsittingallbyhimself,unableto5.Bwithanyone.Sanela,determinedtofinda(n)6.A,trieddevelopingafewtricksandsigns.Butaparentofanotherchild7.Cabetteridea—gettingthewholeclassto8.DsignlanguagealongwithZejd.Theygotasignlanguageteacher,andthreemonthslater,Zejdwashappilyabletocommunicatewithallhisclassmatesabout9.Athingslikehomeworkandgames.Theotherkidsintheclassarequitehappyaswell.“I10.BtolearnsignlanguagesoIcantalktoZejdandotherdeafpeople,”saidoneofhisclassmates.Now,signlanguageisgettingquite11.Aattheprimaryschool,withkidsfromotherclasses12.Ctolearnaswell.Itishopedthatitcanbe13.Dasapartoftheofficialcourse.“Signlanguageisgreatbecauseit14.Acommunicationandalsohelpschildrenbecomemore15.Ctopeoplewithdisabilities，”saidSanela.语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了萨拉热窝一所学校的一个班级里的学生为了更好地与听障学生泽达沟通，全部学会了手语的故事。1．A.report B．messageC．article D．story解析：考查语境推断。依据文章第一句“AschoolinSarajevoismakingheadlines.”和后文所述内容可知，此处表示故事始于去年九月。story意为“故事”，符合语境。report意为“报告”；message意为“信息”；article意为“文章”。故选D。2．A.admit B．adoptC．invite D．defend解析：考查语境推断。依据后文“hersix-year-oldson,Zejd,whohasa3disability”和“onthefirstdayofschool”可知，这位母亲是在请求她所在社区的小学接收她的儿子入学。admit意为“接收(入学)”，符合语境。adopt意为“收养”；invite意为“邀请”；defend意为“保卫”。故选A。3．A.learning B．speechC．hearing D．sight解析：考查语境&常识推断。依据后文“learnsignlanguagesoIcantalktoZejdandotherdeafpeople”和常识可知，泽达有听力障碍，此处为同义复现。hearing意为“听力”，符合语境。learning意为“学习”；speech意为“说话的实力；发言”；sight意为“视力”。故选C。4．A.conditionally B．passivelyC．personally D．immediately解析：考查语境推断。依据后文“onthefirstdayofschool”可知，泽达被学校接收了，故此处表示老师几乎马上就接受了这位母亲的请求。immediately意为“马上”，符合语境。conditionally意为“有条件地”；passively意为“被动地”；personally意为“个人地”。故选D。5．A.cooperate B．interactC．compete D．stay解析：考查语境推断。依据前文提到泽达有听力障碍，以及后文“threemonthslater,Zejdwashappilyabletocommunicatewithallhisclassmates”可知，此处指泽达刚入学的时候无法和别人沟通。interact意为“沟通；互动”，符合语境。cooperate意为“合作”；compete意为“竞争；参加竞赛”；stay意为“停留”。故选B。6．A.solution B．explanationC．theory D．alternative解析：考查语境推断。依据前文泽达不能和别人沟通和空后的“trieddeveloping...”可知，此处指老师决心找到一个解决方法。solution意为“解决方法”，符合语境。explanation意为“说明”；theory意为“理论”；alternative意为“可供选择的事物”。故选A。7．A.selected B．imaginedC．presented D．favored解析：考查语境推断。依据前文“trieddevelopingafewtricksandsigns”以及后文“abetteridea—gettingthewholeclassto8signlanguagealongwithZejd”可知，另一位孩子的家长提出了一个更好的方法来帮助泽达。present意为“提出”，符合语境。select意为“选择”；imagine意为“想象”；favor意为“支持”。故选C。8．A.enjoy B．createC．design D．learn解析：考查语境推断。依据后文“Theygotasignlanguageteacher,andthreemonthslater,Zejdwashappilyabletocommunicatewithallhisclassmates”可知，这位家长提议让全班学生一起学习手语。learn意为“学习”，符合语境。enjoy意为“宠爱”；create意为“创建”；design意为“设计”。故选D。9．A.regular B．formalC．complex D．professional解析：考查常识&语境推断。依据常识及后文的“likehomeworkandgames”可知，做家庭作业和玩游戏是经常发生的事情。regular意为“经常做的”，符合语境。formal意为“正式的”；complex意为“困难的”；professional意为“职业的”。故选A。10．A.afford B．likeC．prepare D．wait解析：考查语境推断。依据前文“Theotherkidsintheclassarequitehappyaswell.”可知，孩子们对学习手语感到很欢乐，所以此处指一位同学表示他很宠爱学习手语。like意为“宠爱”，符合语境。afford意为“担当得起”；prepare意为“准备”；wait意为“等待”。故选B。11．A.popular B．confusingC．challenging D．impractical解析：考查语境推断。依据后文“withkidsfromotherclasses12tolearnaswell”可知，其他班的孩子也想学习手语，由此可知，手语在这所小学里变得很受欢迎。popular意为“受欢迎的”，符合语境。confusing意为“令人困惑的”；challenging意为“挑战性的”；impractical意为“不切实际的”。故选A。12．A.failing B．hesitatingC．trying D．helping解析：考查语境推断。依据前文学生们都乐于学习手语和空后的“learnaswell”可知，此处指其他班级的孩子们也在努力学习手语。try意为“努力；尝试”，符合语境。fail意为“失败”；hesitate意为“迟疑”；help意为“帮助”。故选C。13．A.described B．knownC．defined D．included解析：考查语境推断。依据前文手语在这所小学里很受欢迎和后文“asapartoftheofficialcourse”可知，此处表示人们希望能把手语作为正式课程的一部分。include意为“使成为……的一部分”，符合语境。describe意为“描述”；know意为“知道”；define意为“给……下定义”。故选D。14．A.enables B．showsC．stresses D．repeats解析：考查语境推断。依据前文描述孩子们通过学习手语得以与泽达沟通可知，此处表示手语很棒，因为它使(与听障人士)沟通成为可能。enable意为“使成为可能”，符合语境。show意为“展示”；stress意为“强调”；repeat意为“重复”。故选A。15．A.impolite B．sensitiveC．adaptable D．thankful解析：考查常识&语境推断。依据常识以及本文所讲解并描述的故事可知，学会手语能帮助孩子们更好地适应残障人士。adaptable意为“能适应的”，符合语境。impolite意为“无礼的”；sensitive意为“敏感的”；thankful意为“感谢的”。故选C。Ⅲ.七选五(2024·广西联盟校第一次统检)Makingeyecontactisn'talwayseasy.Itcanfeeluncomfortableattimes,especiallywhenyouhaven'tyetbuiltarelationshipwiththeotherperson.1.CEyecontacthelpsothersrememberwhatyousaid.Whenyoushareeyecontactduringaconversation,you'llremembermoreofwhattheotherpersonsaid.Thereverse(相反的状况)istrueaswell.2.DResearchfoundthatduringavideocall,participantsrememberedmoreoftheinformationfromthecallwhentherewasmoreeyecontactincluded.3.GTheresearchersfoundthatadirectgazefor30%oftheconversationisallittakesforparticipantstosignificantlyincreasewhattheyrememberedfromthecall.4.BBeingself-awaremeansthatyouareawareofwhat'scurrentlyhappeningwithyourbody.Andeyecontactcanhelpwiththat,accordingtoresearchfromtheUniversityofParis.Researchersfoundthatwe'remorefocusedonourownbodiesandbehaviorwhenotherpeoplelookatus.Eyecontactcreatesattraction.Eyecontactattractionisarealthing.Researchshowedthathumansfindotherpeoplemoreattractivewhentheymakeeyecontact.Smilingcanalsohelpcreateattraction.5.FWorkmatesandleaderswillbemoreinclined(想)tobuildrelationshipswithyouwhenyoulookthemintheeye.Ontheotherhand,noeyecontactcanshowalackofconfidence.A．Sohowtomakeeyecontactnaturally?B．Eyecontactcanhelpwithself-awareness.C．Butwhyiseyecontactimportantinthefirstplace?D．Otherpeoplewillalsoremembermoreofwhatyousaid.E．Thisiswhyeyecontactplaysahugeroleinlearninganddiscussing.F．Whilethisisimportantforpersonalrelationships,italsomattersatwork.G．And,peopledon'tevenneedahugeamountofeyecontacttogetthisbenefit.语篇导读：本文主要讲解并描述了眼神沟通的好处——帮助别人记住你说的话、有助于自我意识、吸引关注。解析：1．空处承上启下，结合下文中每段首句可知，下文主要讲到了眼神接触的好处。C项“但是为什么眼神沟通在一起先就如此重要？”能引出下文，且与上文中的“Itcanfeeluncomfortableattimes”形成转折。故选C。2．结合空前的“Thereverse(相反的状况)istrueaswell.”可知，空处讲到的状况与上文中的“you'llremembermoreofwhattheotherpersonsaid”反向对应。故选D。3．结合本段的结构和空后的“Theresearchersfoundthat”可知，空处与前文密切相关，紧跟前一句“participantsrememberedmore...whentherewasmoreeyecontactincluded”，G项“而且，人们不须要太多的眼神沟通就能获得这种好处。”符合语境，且“thisbenefit”指的正是空前一句。故选G。4．分析文章结构可知，空处应当会讲到眼神沟通的好处，且最好以“Eyecontact”引出句子，故B项适合作本段的主旨句。另外，依据本段中的“Beingself-awaremeansthatyouareaware...Andeyecontactcanhelpwith”也可以推断，B项适合作本段的主旨句。故选B。5．依据空前讲到的“humansfindotherpeoplemoreattractive”可知，空前讲到了眼神沟通对个人人际关系的好处，而空后“Workmatesandleaderswillbemoreinclined(想)tobuildrelationshipswithyou”则讲到了工作场合，空处承上启下，F项符合语境。故选F。Ⅳ.语法填空InmanyAsian,AfricanandLatinAmericancultures,1.extended(extend)eyecontactisimpoliteanditisthoughtof2.asoffensivenessorchallengeofauthority.It3.isconsidered(consider)politertohavebriefeyecontact,especiallybetweenpeopleofdifferent4.social(society)status(likeastudentandateacher,orachildandhiselderrelatives).Forexample,ifaJapanesewomanavoids5.looking(look)someoneintheeye,sheisnots