高中一轮复习英语必修三Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld

Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．seasonaladj. 季节的；季节性的2．ancestorn. 祖先；祖宗3．feastn. 节日；盛宴4．skulln. 头脑；头骨5．bonen. 骨；骨头6．roostern. 雄禽；公鸡7．carnivaln. 狂欢节；(四旬斋前的)饮宴狂欢；嘉年华(会)[第二屏听写]8．lunaradj. 月的；月亮的；阴历的9．Eastern. (耶稣)复活节10．paraden. 游行；阅兵；检阅11．Christiann. 基督徒；信徒adj. 基督教的；信基督教的12．blossomn. 花vi. 开花13．weavevt.&vi. 编织；(使)迂回前进14．herdn. 牧群；兽群Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第三屏听写]1．beautyn． 美；美人2．harvestn．&vt.&vi. 收获；收割3．celebrationn. 庆祝；祝贺4．huntern. 狩猎者；猎人5．starvevi.&vt. (使)饿死；饿得要死6．originn. 起源；由来；起因7．religiousadj. 宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的8．beliefn. 信任；信心；信仰[第四屏听写]9．trickn． 诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt. 欺骗；诈骗10．poetn. 诗人11．arrivaln. 到来；到达；到达者12．gainvt. 获得；得到13．independencen. 独立；自主14．independentadj. 独立的；自主的15．gathervt.&vi. 搜集；集合；聚集16．agriculturen. 农业；农艺；农学[第五屏听写]17．agriculturaladj. 农业的；农艺的18．awardn. 奖；奖品vt. 授予；判定19．admirevt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕20．energeticadj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的21．clothingn. 衣服22．customn. 习惯；风俗23．worldwideadj. 遍及全世界的；世界性的[第六屏听写]24．fooln． 愚人；白痴；受骗者vt. 愚弄；欺骗vi. 干傻事；开玩笑adj. 傻的25．permissionn. 许可；允许26．parkingn. (汽车等)停放27．apologizevi. 道歉；辩白28．drownvt.&vi. 淹没；溺死；淹死29．sadnessn. 悲哀；悲伤[第七屏听写]30．obviousadj. 明显的；显而易见的31．wipevt. 擦；揩；擦去32．weepvi. 哭泣；流泪n.哭；哭泣33．remindvt. 提醒；使想起34．forgivevt. 原谅；饶恕35．take_place 发生36．in_memory_of 纪念；追念37．dress_up 穿上盛装；打扮；装饰38．play_a_trick_on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑[第八屏听写]39．look_forward_to 期望；期待；盼望40．day_and_night 日夜；昼夜；整天41．as_though 好像42．have_fun_with 玩得开心43．parking_lot 停车场44．turn_up 出现；到场45．keep_one's_word 守信用；履行诺言46．hold_one's_breath 屏息；屏气47．set_off 出发；动身；使爆炸48．remind_..._of_... 使……想起……二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.ancestorn.祖先；祖宗2.feastn.节日；盛宴3.carnivaln.狂欢节；(四旬斋前的)饮宴狂欢；嘉年华(会)4.lunaradj.月的；月亮的；阴历的5.paraden.游行；阅兵；检阅6.blossomn.花vi.开花Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.beautyn．美；美人2.harvestn．&vt.&vi.收获；收割3.huntern.狩猎者；猎人4.trickn.诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗5.clothingn.衣服6.worldwideadj.遍及全世界的；世界性的7.fooln.愚人；白痴；受骗者vt.愚弄；欺骗vi.干傻事；开玩笑adj.傻的8.wipevt.擦；揩；擦去9.weepvi.哭泣；流泪n.哭；哭泣核心单词练通1.Tomgained(获得)friendshipandexperiencefromthelocalresidents,workingwiththemforthreeyears.2.Theyhavethreesmallchildrentobringupsoforobvious(明显的)reasonstheyneedmoney.3.Hewasawarded(授予)thefirstprizeinthepetition.4.Steppingintothegateoftheschoolalwaysreminds(提醒)meoftheresponsibilityIcarryasastudent.5.Asweknow,itisdifficulttogetusedtoanothercountry'scustoms(风俗)．6.Thepeoplegathered(聚集)round,curioustoknowwhatwashappening.7.Thestudiesfindthatpeoplewhoareabletoforgive(原谅)feellessstressandlessdepression.8.Myfatherhasmuchbelief(信任)indoctorsoftraditionalChinesemedicine.9.Asweallknow,LiBaiandDuFuwerebothwell­knownChinesepoets(诗人)．拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.admirevt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→admirationn．羡慕→admirableadj.令人羡慕的2.celebrationn．庆祝；祝贺→celebratev．庆祝；祝贺3.starvevi.&vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→starvationn．饿死；挨饿4.originn．起源；由来；起因→originaladj.原始的；最初的→originallyadv.起初5.religiousadj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的→religionn．宗教信仰6.arrivaln．到来；到达；到达者→arrivevi.到达7.independentadj.独立的；自主的→independencen．独立；自主→dependencen．依靠；依赖8.agriculturen．农业；农艺；农学→agriculturaladj.农业的；农艺的9.energeticadj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的→energyn．能量；精力10.permissionn．许可；允许→permitvt.许可n.许可证11.apologizevi.道歉；辩白→apologyn．道歉12.sadnessn．悲哀；悲伤→sadadj.难过的；悲哀的[用准用活]1.TheyarecelebratingtheDragonBoatFestivalandmanypeoplearejoininginthecelebration.(celebrate)2.Becauseofhisadmirablesuccessinplayingbasketball,manyteenagersadmireJeremyLinandthinkhedeservestheiradmiration.(admire)3.Don'twaitforanapology.Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoudoesnotintendtoapologize.(apologize)4.ItisoriginallythoughttobeaplantofAfrica,butnooneknowsexactlytheoriginofthisplant,becausewedon'thaveanyoriginalmaterialaboutit.(origin)5.Sincethecountrygaineditsindependence,_ithasbeenindependentofanypowerfulcountry.(independence)6.Evenifyouhaveapermit,_Iwon'tpermityoutoenterthehallwithoutmypermission.(permit)7.Afterthreedayswithoutfood,themenwereclosetostarvation.Ifwehadelater,theywouldhavestarvedtodeath.(starve)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.表示“情感”的高频名词荟萃①sadness悲哀；悲伤②sorrow悲伤；悲痛③shock震惊；难过④depression沮丧；抑郁⑤happiness高兴⑥pleasure愉快2.“骗；欺骗”家族①trickvt.欺骗；诈骗n.诡计；恶作剧；窍门②cheatv.欺骗；欺诈；作弊n.欺骗(行为)；骗子③foolvt.愚弄；欺骗n.愚人；白痴；受骗者④deceivev.欺骗；蒙骗3.含­ious的形容词一览①religious宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的②cautious小心的；谨慎的③conscious有意识的④envious忌妒的；猜忌的⑤mysterious神秘的⑥ambitious有雄心的；野心勃勃的(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.take_place发生2.in_memory_of_纪念；追念3.dress_up穿上盛装；打扮；装饰4.look_forward_to期望；期待；盼望5.turn_up出现；到场6.have_fun_with玩得开心7.remind_...of_...使……想起……Children'sDay①takes_placeonJune1everyyearandthechildrenareusually②looking_forward_toitsing.OnChildren'sDayofthisyear,they③dressed_upand④turned_upatschoolveryearly.Theywereexcitedtowatchthewonderfulperformance.Itwasobviousthatthey⑤had_fun_witheachother.Theyhadsomephotostaken⑥in_memory_ofthisday,whichwill⑦remind_them_oftheirhappychildhoodwhentheygrowup.第二组1.play_a_trick_on_搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑2.day_and_night日夜；昼夜；整天3.keep_one's_word守信用；履行诺言4.hold_one's_breath屏息；屏气5.set_off出发；动身；使爆炸Determinedtomakeabreakthroughinhiscareer,heworks①day_and_nightinthepany.Everymorninghe②sets_off_forthebusstationtocatchtheearlybus.Healways③keeps_his_word,_gainingtherespectofhiscolleagues.However,hewouldn'tliketobe④played_a_trick_onevenonAprilFool'sDay.⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.word相关短语全接触①keepone'sword履行诺言②breakone'sword违背诺言③inotherwords换句话说④ina/oneword总之⑤haveawordwithsb.与某人交谈⑥havewordswithsb.和某人吵架2.“动词＋sb.＋of”短语集锦①remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事②curesb.ofsth.治好某人某种疾病③accusesb.ofsth.控告某人犯某罪；指责某人做某事④informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事⑤robsb.ofsth.抢劫某人某物⑥warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事⑦convincesb.ofsth.使某人确信某事(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind,especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬天，人们就会挨饿。“主语＋be＋adj.＋todo”句式。就我个人而言，这道数学题很难算出来。AsfarasI'mconcerned,thismathsproblemis_very_difficult_to_work_out.2.Somefestivalsareheldtohonourthedeadortosatisfytheancestors,whomightreturneithertohelportodoharm.有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。either...or...意为“或者……或者……”，在句中连接两个相同的句子成分。课外活动时，我通常或者去“英语角”，或者去体育馆。Ioftengotoeither_the_English_Corner_or_the_gymasmyafter­classactivities.3.ItwasobviousthatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……It＋be＋adj.＋that...,it为形式主语。显而易见长江之旅将是更好的选择。(2017·北京高考书面表达)It_is_obvious_thatthetripalongtheYangtzeRiverwillbeabetterchoice.4.WhileshewasonearthshemettheherdboyNiulangandtheyfellinlove.当她在人间时遇到了牛郎，然后两人相爱了。while意为“当……的时候”，在句中引导时间状语从句。当我女儿弹钢琴时，她总是像个钢琴家一样陶醉于其中。Mydaughterisalwayslostinitlikeapianistwhile_she_is_playing_the_piano.考点新组合阅读微技能Inancienttimes,hunterswouldsetoff________❶mountainstohuntanimalsandtheywouldholdcelebrationsaftertheycaughtanimals，foratthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficult________(find)❷.Iftheyfailedtocatchanimals，theywouldasktheirfamiliesandfriendstoforgivethem.Besides❸，peoplewerenotallowedtoplaytricksonthem.1.①处填介词for。2.②处应填词的正确形式为to_find，为“主语＋be＋adj.＋todo”句式。3.用高级短语替换③处Besides：In_addition。1.forgivevt.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；饶恕；免除(债务)forgivesb.sth. 原谅某人某事forgivesb.for(doing)sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事forgiveone'sdoingsth. 原谅某人做了某事forgiveandforget 不计前嫌[多角练透]单句语法填空①Being_forgiven(forgive)forthepastisthemostpreciousgiftwecanreceive.②Forgivemeforinterrupting,butIreallydon'tagreewiththat.补全句子③Itisalsoavirtueto_forgive_and_forget,_especiallyinsuchapetitiveandstressfulsociety.不计前嫌也是一种美德，尤其是在这样一个充满竞争和压力的社会中。[联想发散]表示“原谅某人(做了)某事”的短语还有：pardon/excusesb.for(doing)sth.等。2．trickn．诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗(1)playtricks/atrickonsb. 搞恶作剧；开玩笑eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(makefunofsb.,playajokeonsb.)) 取笑某人(2)tricksb.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(outofsth.骗取某人某物,intodoingsth.哄骗某人做某事))[多角练透]单句语法填空①Don'ttakeitseriously;shejustwantstoplaytricksonyou.②Hewastrickedintojoiningtheclubbyapromisewhichwasnotkept.③Shewastrickedoutofherlifesavings.补全句子④Noonelikestomakefriendswithhim,becausehe_likes_playing_a_joke_on/making_fun_of_others.没有人喜欢和他交朋友，因为他喜欢取笑别人。3．setoff出发；动身；使爆炸；引起；燃放(烟花等)[一词多义]写出下列句中setoff的含义①Havingsaidgoodbyetotheirfriends,theysetoffforhome.出发；动身②HongKong'sstockmarketfell,settingoffaglobalfinancialcrisis.引起③OnNewYear'sEve,wesetoffmanyfireworks,whichmadethechildrenexcited.燃放(烟花等)[归纳拓展]setofffor 动身去(某地)setaside 保留；储蓄；忽视；不顾setabout 着手/开始做……(后接名词、动名词)setout 出发；开始做……(后接动词不定式)setdown 放下；记下setup 建立；树立；搭起④Hesetoutto_paint(paint)thewholehousebutonlyfinishedthefront.＝Hesetaboutpainting(paint)thewholehousebutonlyfinishedthefront.他着手粉刷整间房子，但仅仅完成了前面部分。考点新组合阅读微技能TheMid­AutumnFestivalisanimportantChinesetraditionalfestival,________❶alwaysremindsusofthefullmoon,mooncakesandsoon.Usually,nomatterhowfarawayorhowbusyweare,wewilltrytoehomeforthecelebrationandlookforwardtothefamilyreunion.Whilewearecelebratingthefestival,wehavefunwithourfamily❷.Forexample,weusuallysittogether,andadmirethebeautifulmoonupinthesky❸.Ifsomeonecan'tturnupattheimportantfestival,theyoftenapologizetotheirfamily.It'snaturalthattheymisstheirfamilyverymuch.1.①处应填关系词which。2.用省略句改写句②：While_celebrating_the_festival,_wehavefunwithourfamily.3.用现在分词短语作伴随状语改写句③：Forexample,weusuallysittogether,admiring_the_beautiful_moon_up_in_the_sky.4.remindvt.提醒；使想起remindsb.ofsth. 提醒某人某事remindsb.todosth. 提醒某人做某事remind(sb.)that/how/what... 提醒(某人)……[多角练透]单句语法填空①Youmustremindhimto_take(take)hismedicine,incaseheforgets.②Passengersare_reminded(remind)thatnosmokingisallowedonthistrain.③Thisremindsmeofwhatwedidtogetherduringourholiday.单句写作④这个结果将有助于你预测一些重大疾病和食物偏好，并提醒你合适的锻炼方式。(2015·广东高考基础写作)Theresultwillhelpyoutopredictsomemajorandseverediseasesandyourpreferencefordietandremind_you_of_suitable_ways_to_exercise.5．admirevt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕；欣赏；观赏(1)admiresb.for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事羡慕某人(2)admirationn. 钦佩；赞美；羡慕with/inadmiration 钦佩地express/haveadmirationforsb./sth. 羡慕/钦佩某人/物[多角练透]单句语法填空①Weadmiretheoldscientistforhisgreatcontributionstothecountry.②I'dliketoexpressmyadmiration(admire)forthecourageandunplainingspiritofthefirefighters.补全句子③Mydeskmateadmires_my_fluent_English_very_muchandIusuallyfeelencouragedbyhispliments.同桌非常羡慕我流利的英语，我经常被他的赞美所鼓舞。6．apologizevi.道歉；辩白(1)apologizetosb.for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)apologyn． 道歉；辩白makeanapologytosb.forsth. 因某事向某人道歉accept/refuseone'sapology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉owesb.anapology 应向某人道歉[多角练透]单句语法填空①Themanapologizedtomeforsteppingonmyfoot.②Pleaseacceptourapologyfortheinconveniencethismatterhasgivenyou.③Theyoungmanmadeanapologytotheladyforspillingcoffeeonherdress.单句写作④我应为星期五下午不能和你一起去书店向你道歉。(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Iowe_you_an_apology_forthefactthatIcannotgotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.7．lookforwardto期望；期待；盼望(1)在lookforwardto中，to为介词。(2)lookforward有时表示“向前看”，后面跟todo表示目的。(3)在定语从句中常考查lookforwardto，其后的动词与to没有任何关系。[多角练透]单句语法填空①Hestoodupandlookedforwardto_see(see)whatwasgoingonoutside.②Thedaywewerelookingforwardtocame(e)atlast.单句写作③我盼望早日收到你的回复。(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)I'mlooking_forward_to_receivingyourearliestreply.[联想发散]常见的含有介词to的短语还有：①be/getusedto＝beaccustomedto习惯于②devoteoneselfto...致力于……③getdownto着手做…… ④leadto导致⑤objectto反对 ⑥appealto呼吁8．turnup出现；到场；开大(音量)；向上翻；被找到[一词多义]写出下列句中turnup的含义①Ifyouinvitepeopletoapartyat7o'clock,yourguestswillconsideritpolitetoturnupexactlyontimeinGermany.出现；到场②Ican'thearthemusic.Pleaseturnuptheradio.开大(音量)③Heturneduphiscoatcollaragainstthechillwind.向上翻④Themissingbookturnedupthreeweekslater.被找到[归纳拓展]turndown 拒绝；关小；调低turnin 上交；拐入turnout 结果是；证明是；生产；制造turnover 翻身；移交；转变turnoff 关掉turntosb.forhelp 向某人求助⑤Ioftenturn_to_my_classmates_or_teachers_for_help.Asaresult,Ihavemadesteadyprogressinmystudies.(2014·安徽高考书面表达)我经常向同学或老师求助，结果在学习上不断取得进步。9．while引导时间状语从句WhileshewasonearthshemettheherdboyNiulangandtheyfellinlove.当她在人间时遇到了牛郎，然后两人相爱了。[一词多义]写出下列句中while的含义①Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven'tenough.然而；可是②WhileithasbeenmorethanayearsinceyoutaughtusEnglish,I'vemissedyoualot,thinkingaboutthosehappymomentswhenwestayedwithyou.(2017·天津高考书面表达)尽管；虽然③WhileIwaslookingthroughthenewsonline,upcameavideoofalovelybear.当……时候④Whilethereislife,thereishope.只要10．It＋be＋adj.＋that...,it为形式主语It_was_obvious_thatthemanagerofthecoffeeshopwaswaitingforLiFangtoleave...很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……it作形式主语的常用句式：(1)Itbe＋形容词(possible,obvious,important...)＋that从句(2)Itbe＋过去分词(said,thought,believed,supposed,reported...)＋that从句(3)It＋不及物动词(seem,occur,happen...)＋that从句(4)Itbe＋名词短语(apity,afact,awonder,anhonour,anidea,nowonder...)＋that从句①Itisimportantthatyou(should)hand(hand)inyourarticlebefore28th,June.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)在6月28号之前交上你的文章是很重要的。②It_is_said_thatthepiratesburiedtheirtreasureonthisisland.据说海盗把他们的财宝埋在了这个岛上。③It's_a_pity_thatyou'vemissedsuchagoodchance.你错过了这样一个好机会，真是遗憾。④It_seems_thathehasknowneverything.他好像什么都已经知道了。[名师指津]在句型“Itis/wasstrange/important/necessary/essential...＋that从句”中，从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Inmyhometown，thereisatraditionthatwewillholdacelebration(celebrate)partywhenweenterahigherschool.2．Ifindthatdoingphysicalexerciseacoupleoftimesaweekmakesmefeelmoreenergetic(energy)．3．Noofficialpermission(permit)hasbeengivenfortheeventtotakeplace.4．Aftertakingsomephotos,theystoppedatthetopofthehillto_admire(admire)thescenery.5．Hetrickedherintomarryinghimbypretendingthathewasrich.6．Hisfavoritefoodisfriedsnacksandsoftdrinks.Itisnotsurprisingthatlosingweightisjusthisdream.7．Hehurtmedeeplyandbeggedmetoforgivehimforhisactions.8．Manypeoplediedofstarvation(starve)inAfricathatyear.9．Ifyouwanttocatchthattrain,you'dbettersetoffforthestationimmediately.10．MissYangpromisedtoattendmybirthdayparty,butshehasn'tturnedupsofar.11．Myrequestisthatyoushouldmakeanapology(apologize)toyourteacher.12．Ilikethesephotosandtheycanremindmeofthelifelivinginthecountryside.13．Sinceherarrival(arrive)atthepany,shehasre­organizedseveraldepartments.14．Thecharacterinthebookwasobviously(obvious)wrongbuthedidn'tpickitout.15．TheSpringFestivalising.I'mlookingforwardtoreturning(return)home.Ⅱ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1．随着时间的流逝，他们都长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。(with复合结构)With_time_passing/going_by,_theyhavegrownintobigboysandbiggirls.2．那个女孩高兴时，不是唱歌就是跳舞。(either...or...)Whenthegirlishappy,_she_either_sings_or_dances.3．她爱这个男孩，好像她是他的母亲一样。(asif)Shelovestheboy_as_if_she_were_his_mother.4．很明显你犯了一个严重的错误。下次要细心点！(obvious)It_is_obvious_thatyou'vemadeaseriousmistake.Pleasebecarefulnexttime!5．趁着现在还年轻，我们必须刻苦学习，获得更多的知识。(while引导时间状语从句)Wemustworkhardtogainmoreknowledgewhile_we_are_young.6．我们将在7月初放假，那时我们就可以在家好好休息了。(when)WewillhaveourholidaysatearlyJuly,when_we_will_have_a_good_rest_at_home.7．我们期待的暑假终于到了。(lookforwardto)Thesummervacationwe_were_looking_forward_to_cameatlast.8．我邀请你来参加我的生日聚会，我不知道你是否介意。(Iwonderif)I_wonder_if_you'd_mind_my/me_inviting_youtoattendmybirthdayparty.Ⅲ.句型转换1．Thetruthisthateveryonewillhaveoneofthoseperiodswhenthingsseemtobegoingwrong.→It_is_true_thateveryonewillhaveoneofthoseperiodswhenthingsseemtobegoingwrong.(用it作形式主语)2．Itisobvioustoeveryonethatthechildhasbeenbadlytreated.→Thechildhasbeenbadlytreated,which_is_obvious_to_everyone.(定语从句)→What_is_obvious_to_everyoneisthatthechildhasbeenbadlytreated.(主语从句)3．ThepictureremindedhimofhishomeandfamilyinParis.→Hewas_reminded_ofhishomeandfamilyinParisbythepicture.(变为被动语态)4．Theteachersuggestedthatsheshouldapologizetoherdeskmateforherbadbehaviour.→Theteachersuggestedthatsheshouldmake_an_apologytoherdeskmateforherbadbehaviour.[高考拆组训练]阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AManyyearsago,whenwewereayoungcouplewithtwosmallchildren,aged2and4,wewerepracticallyimpecunious.Myin­lawslivedfromhandtomouth,sowedidn'texpectanyhelpfromthem.Myparentslivedagreatdistanceaway,andIwastooashamedtoletthemknowaboutoursituation.Myhusbandwastryingtoearnalivingwithanoldpick­uptruck,carryinggroceriesforlocalshopkeepers,butitwasconstantlybreakingdown.Ittookalmostallthemoneywehadtohaveitfixed.Thetruckwasalsotheonlymeansoftransportationforus.Welivedinthecountryside,andwealwaysusedthebackdoorbecausethedrivewayledtoit.Onewinterevening,Isteppedoutsidetotakeabagoftrashtothebarrelandalmosttrippedoversomething.Itwasnearlydark,andIhadtobenddowntoseewhatitwas.Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.Theresatalargebasketloadedwithfood.Itwasheavy,soIcalledmyhusbandtocarryitintothehouse.Onceinside,wediscoveredtwoloavesofbread,somebutter,severalcansofvegetables,acanoforangesauce,andalargeturkey.TherewassomuchthatIcouldn'trememberitall,butitwaseverythingweneededtofixawonderfuldinner—everythingexceptpotatoes.AlittlewhilelaterIrememberedthatIhadn'ttakenthetrashtothebarrel.Bynowitwasdark,soIhadtoturnontheyardlight—andthat'swhenIspottedasmallbagofpotatoessittingontheporch.ThatdinnerwasthebestIcouldremember.Weweren'tabletothankourdonators,though,becauseweneverfoundoutwhohadbeensogenerousinhelpingastrugglingyoungfamily.Whoeveritwas,weareforevergrateful.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和丈夫有两个孩子，很多年前，我们生活贫困，但羞于将处境告诉父母。丈夫用一辆旧卡车送货谋生。一天晚上，“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物，那一餐令“我”终生难忘。“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人。1．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“impecunious”inParagraph1?A．Generous. B．Harmonious.C．Penniless. D．Stubborn.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“Myparentslivedagreatdistanceaway,andIwastooashamedtoletthemknowaboutoursituation.”可知，“我”的父母住在很远的地方，“我”羞于让他们知道我们的处境；结合画线词所在句可知，我们是有着两个孩子的年轻夫妻，据此可以推知，我们的日子过得相当贫穷，才会羞于让远方的父母知道我们的情况。据此可以判断，画线词意为“贫穷的”，故C项正确。2．Howdidtheauthor'shusbandsupportthefamily?A．Bystartingagarage.B．Bysellingfooddoortodoor.C．Bydeliveringgoods.D．Byworkingasashopassistant.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句的“Myhusbandwastryingtoearnalivingwithanoldpick­uptruck,carryinggroceriesforlocalshopkeepers”可知，“我”的丈夫用一辆旧卡车为当地的店主送货谋生，故C项正确。3．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesawthebasket?A．Shewasannoyed. B．Shewasastonished.C．Shewasterrified. D．Shefeltasenseofrelief.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.Theresatalargebasketloadedwithfood.”可知，看到一篮子的食物，“我”几乎不能相信自己的眼睛；据此可以判断，作者很惊讶，故B项正确。4．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．Ahelpinghandintime B．AstrugglingyoungcoupleC．Ataleofpotatoes D．Arewardfromastranger解析：选A标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了“我”和丈夫有两个孩子，生活贫困，但羞于将处境告诉父母。丈夫用一辆旧卡车送货谋生。一天晚上，“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物，那一餐令“我”终生难忘。“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人。据此可以判断，A项最能概括文意，体现文章主旨，故A项正确。BFollowingthecrowdmaynotalwaysbeinaperson'sbestinterest.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatteenswhogetalongwiththeirfriendsmayenduphealthierasadults.Scientistshaveknownthatclosefriendshipshelpboosthealth.That'strueforbothteensandadults.ThefindinginspiredJosephAllen,apsychologistattheUniversityofVirginia,andhisteamtostudywhetherexperiencesduringteenyearswouldinfluenceadulthealth.Sotheyfollowed171teens,startingwhenthekidswerejust13.Theyinterviewedeachoneeveryyearforfiveyears,andalsospoketotheseteens'closestfriends,whoprovidedadditionalinformationaboutthequalityoftheirfriendships.Thesame171peoplewereinterviewedagainatages25,26and27.Thistime,thequestionssurveyedeachperson'soverallhealth.Whentheresearchersanalyzedthedata,theyfoundastrongconnectionbetweenateen'sbehaviorandadulthealth.Teenswhohadclosefriendsgrewuptobethehealthieradults.Whetherteensheldbacktheirfeelingsorexpressedthemtoclosefriendsalsoinfluencedlaterhealth.Thosewhoheldbacktheirfeelingsweremorelikelytobesickasadults.Theconnectionheldupevenafterthescientistsaccountedforotherpossibleinfluencesonhealth.Weight,familyineanddrugusewereallexamined.Sowerementalhealthissues,suchasanxietyanddepression.Andinthesepeople,suchotherfactorsdidnotexplainadulthealthaswellasteenfriendshipsdid.Gettingalongwiththecrowdmayhavebenefits,saysAllen,buttherearealsodrawbacks.Teenswhoaremoreindependenttendtodobetteratschoolandwork.Andpeerpressuremayleadsomekidstoengageinriskybehavior,suchassmoking,drinkingorusingdrugs.Dealingwithitisanongoingchallenge,Allenacknowledges.“Findingtherightbalanceisthekey.Teensshouldn'tloseheartfornotfindingthiseasy.”And,headds,“Parentsneedtobeunderstandingaboutthepressuresteensface.”语篇解读：研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。当然，与朋友相处也有坏处。5．Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A．Sciencefiction. B．Healthcolumn.C．Fashionmagazine. D．Entertainmentnewspaper.解析：选B文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自“健康专栏”，故B项正确。6．WecanlearnfromAllen'sstudythat________.A．manyotherfactorshaveagreaterinfluenceonadulthealththanteenfriendshipsB．mentalhealthissueshavenothingtodowithadulthealthC．thesame171teenswereinterviewedeachyearfrom13to27D．theteenswhocouldn'texpressthemselvesgrewuptobeunhealthier解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whetherteensheldback...sickasadults.”可知，青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D项正确。7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Thereisnothingbadforteenstofollowthecrowd.B．Closefriendshipsarethemostimportantforpeople'shealth.C．Teenfriendshipsmayhelpteensbeehealthieradults.D．Adulthealthisonlyinfluencedbyteenfriendships.解析：选C推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“Butnewresearchsuggeststhatteenswhogetalongwiththeirfriendsmayenduphealthierasadults.”可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。C项意为“青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思，故C项正确。C(2018·长沙调研)TheoldChinesesaying“ashappyasspendingtheNewYear”mightbeoutdatednowinthebusymodernworld.TheSpringFestivalisregardedasthemostimportantfestivalforChinesepeopleandanoccasionforallfamilymemberstogettogether,likeChristmasintheWest.ButmanytraditionalcustomsacpanyingtheSpringFestival,however,haveweakenedinpractice.SettingofffireworkswasoncethemosttypicalcustomoftheSpringFestival.Peoplethoughtthesputtering(爆裂)soundcouldhelpdriveawayevilspirits.However,theactivityhasbeenpletelyorpartiallyforbiddeninbigcitiesforyearsasthegovernmenthastakensecurity,noiseandpollutionfactorsintoconsideration.“Inrecentyears,somecitieshavebeguntoallowpeopletolightfireworksduringlimitedhoursattheSpringFestival,surrenderingto(屈从于)publicdemand.Respectingfolktraditionsisagestureofrespecttowardpublicopinion，”saidZhouXing,afolkloreresearcher.“Aspeoplegainmoreineanditbeeseasiertobuydailygoods,theNewYearholidayisjustlikeanyother.Afterlongworkdays,manypeopleusetheNewYearholidaytotakearest,ratherthanvisitingfriendsandneighbors.TheprocessofmakingandenjoyingthefamilydinneronSpringFestivalEveisthemostimportantthing.However,manyfamilieswouldliketoeatouttosavetimeandenergy，”saidLiShunzhi,aresidentofHarbin,Heilongjiang.“Ienjoytheholidaysverymuchinthecountryside.MyfamilyhasbeenpreparingfortheSpringFestivalmorethantwoweeksbeforetheholiday,cleaningthehouse,buyingholidaygoodsanddecoratingthehousewithpaper­cuttings.OnNewYear'sEve,thewholefamilystaysuptoseetheNewYearin,andinthedaystofollow,aseriesofactivitiessuchasliondancing,dragonlanterndancing,lanternfestivalsandtemplefairswillbeheld.Withouttheancienttraditions,theholidayisnothingtous，”saidZhangHui,fromHebei.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了中国春节的一些传统习俗在逐渐消失的现象以及人们对此现象的不同观点。8．WhatLiShunzhisaidimplies________.A．whatpeopledoduringthefestivalnowisdifferentfromthepastB．peoplewouldliketohavethefamilydinneronSpringFestivalEveC．peopleprefertovisitfriendsandneighborsratherthantakearestD．theNewYearholidayisjustlikeanyotherday解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段的整体内容可推知，哈尔滨的一位居民所说的这段话是在感慨今昔过年的差异，故选A。9．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．ZhangHuioftenspendstwoweekspreparingfortheSpringFestival.B．ZhangHuiisusedtospendingtheSpringFestivalwithhisfamily.C．ZhangHuialwaystakespartinaseriesofactivitiesaftertheSpringFestival.D．ZhangHuilivesintheurbanarea.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Myfamilyhasbeenpreparingfor...”和“OnNewYear'sEve,thewholefamilystaysuptosee...”以及本段的整体内容可推知，张惠习惯和家人一起过春节，故选B。10．Whatdoesthewhol