浙江省温州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末教学质量统一检测英语试卷B卷

2023学年第一学期温州市高一期末教学质量统一检测英语试题（B卷）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’sthewoman’sfavoritesport?A.Baseball. B.Football. C.Basketball.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Doyouknowwhenbasketballseasonstarts?M:ItstartsinOctober.Youkeepupwithbasketball?W:Iamcrazyaboutit.Nextisfootball.I’veheardthatyouliketowatchbaseball.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatannoysthewoman?A.Impolitepeople. B.Heavysmoke. C.Narrowentrance.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ihatewalkingintoourbuildinginthemorning!Manypeoplestandaroundthebuilding’sentrancesmoking…Ican’ttakeit!M:Iunderstand.Alotofpeoplereallyhatesmoke.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredidthemangetthenews?A.OnTV. B.Ontheradio. C.Inthenewspaper.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Haveyoureadtoday’spaper?M:Notyet.You’regoingtotalkaboutthecarcrashyesterday?W:YoumusthavewatchedthelocalnewsonTV,huh?M:No.Ihaveheardaboutthatfromtheradio.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Dieting. B.Exercise. C.Chocolate.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:SoyouthinkitisOKforpeoplewhoareonadiettoeatchocolate?W:Ofcourse,theycaneatsomechocolate!Aslongastheyaretakingregularexerciseandeatinghealthyfoodmostly,there’snothingwrongwithhavingsomesweets.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatcanwelearnaboutMark?A.Helikesreadingarticles. B.Heislateforeverything. C.Hehasstrangebehavior.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Markreallyneedstoreadthisarticle.M:Why?What’sitabout?W:Reasonsfornegativebehaviorlikeprocrastination,thatis,thehabitofbeinglate.M:You’reright.That’sMark.He’sneverontime.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atthedoctor's. B.Attheschool. C.Atthebank.7.Whendoesthemanprefertoe?A.Inthemorning. B.Atnoon. C.Intheafternoon.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】M:I’dliketomakeanappointmenttoseeDr.Carter.W:MayIaskwhoremendyoutoouroffice?M:Uh,Idrovepastyourofficeyesterday.W:Ok.Howabout4o’clocktomorrowafternoon?M:Uh.Doyouhappentohaveanopeninginthemorning?Iusuallypickupmykidsaroundthattime.W:Ok.Um…Letmehaveacheck.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatiswrongwiththesweater?A.Itisinthewrongsize. B.Itbeessmaller. C.Itisoutofstyle.9.Whydidthemanfailtofollowthedirections?ATheyarehardtonotice.B.Theyaren'tprintedclearly.C.Theyareinaforeignlanguage.10.Whatdoesthemanexpect?A.Thereturnofmoney.B.Anapologyfromthestore.C.Anexchangeforanewone.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Yes,I’dliketoreturnthissweaterforarefund.W:Well,whatseemstobetheproblem?M:ThefirsttimeIwashedanddriedit,thesweaterreducedinsize.Itwouldn’tevenfitasnake.W:Uh,Iseewhatyoumean,butdidyoufollowthewashingdirections?Ithinktheyarehere…yeah…righthere,“Tohandwashitandthentodryitonlowheat”.M:HowwasIsupposedtoknowthat?ThedirectionsarewritteninJapanese!W:Listen,sir.Wetakealotofprideinourclothing.WhatIcandoisallowyoutoexchangethesweaterforanotherone.M:Idon’twanttoexchangeitforanything!Ijustwantmymoneyback!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdidthemando?A.Hedrovetooslowly. B.Hemadethewrongturn. C.Henearlyhitaperson.12.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Excited. B.Annoyed. C.Disappointed.13.Whatdoesthewomanmeanintheend?A.Sheexpectstohaveadayoff.B.Shewantstoavoidheavytraffic.C.Shehopesnottoseethemanagain.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【解析】【原文】W:Okay.Mr.Smith.Let’sbeginyourroadtest.M:Yeah,right.Herewego!W:Whoa!Takeiteasy!Thespeedlimithereisonly25milesperhour.Nowcarefullyturnrighthere.Wow!Wait,wait,stop!Youalmosthitthatperson.Howintheworlddidyoupassthewrittentestanyway?M:Oh,sorryaboutthat.Itwon’thappenagain.W:Whoa!Getout!M:DoesthismeanIdidn’tpassthetest?W:Look,Mr.Smith.Whenyouebacktotakethetestagain,planoningonFriday.M:Again?Why?Lesstrafficthatday?W:No.It’smydayoff.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Toaskaboutacourse. B.Tomakeastudyplan. C.Toapplyforaprogram.15.WhencanstudentsusetheputerroomonMonday?A.At8a.m. B.At10a.m. C.At10p.m.16.Howdostudentsstudymostofthetime?A.Underguidance. B.Throughlectures. C.Bythemselves.17.Whatshouldstudentsdoafterregistration?A.Joinastudygroup. B.Contacttheteachers. C.Attendclassontime.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,canIhelpyou?W:Oh,yes.Isawtheposterofyourcenter.Iwaswonderingifyoucouldtellmeabitmoreaboutthecoursesyouarerunning.Whenarethecoursesheld,please?M:Theputerroomopensfrom9a.m.to9p.m.onworkingdaysandfrom10a.m.to5p.m.onSaturday.Studentscannotjustlistentothelecturefor12hours.Actually,it’smonthatyouwillspendmostofyourtimestudyingbyyourself.Theteacherwillgiveyousomebriefguidanceatthebeginningofeachcourse.W:That’sgood.M:Ifyoudecidetoregisterforthisprogram,youshouldetotheclassontime,oryouwillmissthemostimportantpartoftheclass.Andifyouhaveanyquestions,feelfreetocontactus.W:OK.Gotit.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhatdoestheUNthinkofthegovernment'saction?A.Enough. B.Impressive. C.Shocking.19.Whyisitimportanttoburydeadbodies?A.Tocreatespaceforsupplies.B.Toshowrespectforthedead.C.Topreventthespreadofdisease.20.Whatcausesachallengetotherescueefforts?A.Damagetoroads. B.Toomanysurvivors. C.Theclosingoftheairport.【答案】18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】TyphoonNoruhascausedseriousdestructioninthePhilippinesaccordingtotheUNofficialswhoarehelpingtoorganizetherescue.Almost10millionpeoplehavebeenaffectedand660,000haveleftfromtheirdestroyedhouses.TheUNhasdescribedwhatthegovernmenthasdoneasveryimpressive,butclearlymuchmoreneedstobedoneontheground.Rescueteamshavefocusedonprovidingwater,food,shelterandmedicalsupportforthesurvivors,whilethemostimportantthingistoburydeadbodiesbecauseoftheriskofspreadingdisease.Buttherescueworkisfacingdifficultybecausetheroadsaredamaged.OurreporterJonathanHeadisattheairport.Heexplainedhowthedamagewasaffectingeffortstohelpsurvivors.“Thisairportiscutofffromthecity.It’stakingpeoplemorethantenhourstoreachthecity.Soevenwhenaidisbroughthere,itcannotbegivenoutimmediately.”第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。AUndergraduateStudy—puterScienceCambridgewasapioneerofputerscienceandcontinuestoleaditsdevelopment.Ourcoursecoversallaspectsofmodernputersciencealongwithpracticalskills.●SubjectrequirementsALevelMathematics.Noformerknowledgeofprogrammingisrequired.Furtherguidance:ALevelFurtherMathematicsisstronglyencouraged.Ifunavailable(不可获得的),we’dadviseyoutodoasmuchadditionalpuremathsanddecisionmathsaspossible.Goodperformanceinmathspetitionscanbeanadvantageofanapplication.Pleasenote,allapplicantsarerequiredtotaketheTestofMathematicsforUniversityAdmission(TMUA),forwhichyoumustberegisteredinadvance.●CoursecostsTuitionfeesHomestudents:£9,250/yearInternationalstudents:£39,162/yearAdditionalcoursecostsEachyearofstudy:Paymentatthebeginningofeachyearisrequired.YearCopiesoftextbooksCost1PartIAcourses£1502PartIBcourses£150£2503PartIIcourses£150£2504PartIIIcourses£150£250ForfurtherputerScienceundergraduateadmissionsinformation,pleaseclickhere:21.WhatisamustforapplicantsforputerScience?A.Knowledgeofprogramming. B.ALevelFurtherMathematics.C.Topprizesinmathspetitions. D.RegistrationforTMUAinadvance.22.HowmuchshouldafreshmanfromChinapay?A.£9250. B.£9,400. C.£39,162. D.£39,312.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Awebsite. B.Amagazine. C.Atextbook. D.Anewspaper.【答案】21.D22.D23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文是剑桥大学计算机科学专业本科的招生简章，包括对报名学生的要求以及课程费用的介绍。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“●Subjectrequirements”下文介绍中的最后一段“Pleasenote,allapplicantsarerequiredtotaketheTestofMathematicsforUniversityAdmission(TMUA),forwhichyoumustberegisteredinadvance.(请注意，所有申请人都需要参加大学入学数学考试（TMUA），您必须提前注册TMUA。)”可知，所有计算机科学专业的申请者都必须提前注册并参加大学入学数学考试（TMUA）。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Tuitionfees(学费)”中的“Internationalstudents:£39,162/year(国际学生：39,162英镑/年)”可知，外国学生学费39,162英镑每年；由“Additionalcoursecosts(额外课程费用)”下文中的“Eachyearofstudy:Paymentatthebeginningofeachyearisrequired.(每学年：需要在每年年初付款。)”以及下文表格中的“Year1PartIAcourses£150(一年级PartIA课程150英镑)”可知，一年级新生书本费是150英镑；由此可知，一名中国新生应该付学费39,162英镑，书本费150英镑，共39,312英镑。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“ForfurtherputerScienceundergraduateadmissionsinformation,pleaseclickhere:

(欲了解更多计算机科学本科招生信息，请点击这里。)”可知，本文最可能来自网站。故选A。BIntheeverchangingworldofwomen’sartisticgymnastics,therehasbeenagymnastformorethanthreedecades:OksanaChusovitina.The48yearoldhadsaidwithcertaintythatherfinalpetitionwouldbetheTokyo2020Games.Withnofansinthestandstohonorherlegendarycareer(职业生涯),judges,coachesandotherathletesdidtheirbesttogiveherapartyworthyofallshe’dgiventhesport.Aftershethankedthemthroughtearsinhereyes,shetoldmediathatwasherswansong.However,justafewmonthsaftertheTokyoOlympics,Chusovitinasaidthatshewouldreturntotraining,dreamingofonefinalmedalatamajorpetition—theAsianGames—forUzbekistan.“Ijustcan’tfinishmycareerwithoutamedalformymotherland,”shesaidonherInstagramstory.Chusovitinafirstpetedinthe1992OlympicsaspartoftheUnifiedTeamandwonateamgoldmedalthere.Thoughsherepresented(代表)Uzbekistaninthe1996,2000and2004Olympics,hersecondOlympicmedalcamesome16yearslaterinthe2008Olympics.Chusovitina,thenrepresentingherthirdnation,Germany,wherebettermedicaltreatmentwasprovidedforhersickson,gotthesilvermedal.Andnow,herstorycontinues.ThehistoriceighttimeOlympianhasstartedherninthtriptothe2024ParisOlympics.AtthefirsttwoWorldCupstopsoftheseasonshewonbronzemedals.“Thankyouallsomuchforthesupport,”shewroteonInstagram.“Firststart,firstmedal.”“Moretoe,”addedthegymnast,whosemottois“I’drathertrytodaythanregrettomorrow”.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“swansong”meaninparagraph2?A.Apopularsong. B.Agreathonor.C.Thelastperformance. D.Thewonderfulcareer.25.WhatmadeChusovitinareturntotrainingaftertheTokyoOlympics?A.Personalglory. B.Nationalpride.C.Economicsituation. D.Internationalpressure.26.WhydidChusovitinarepresentGermanyinthe2008Olympics?A.Towinmoremedals. B.Toreceivebettereducation.C.Togetmedicaltreatmentforherson. D.Tolearnskillsfromthenationalteam.27.WhichwordbestdescribesChusovitina?A.Determined. B.Generous. C.Creative. D.Curious.【答案】24.C25.B26.C27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了乌兹别克斯坦艺术体操运动员奥克萨娜·丘索维金娜在东京奥运会上宣布退役，但几个月后又表示将为亚洲运动会重返赛场，希望为祖国赢得奖牌。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Aftershethankedthemthroughtearsinhereyes,shetoldmediathat(在她含泪感谢他们之后，她告诉媒体)”和文章第三段“However,justafewmonthsaftertheTokyoOlympics,Chusovitinasaidthatshewouldreturntotraining,dreamingofonefinalmedalatamajorpetition— theAsianGames—forUzbekistan.(然而，就在东京奥运会结束几个月后，丘索维金娜表示，她将重返训练，梦想着在一场重大比赛中为乌兹别克斯坦赢得最后一枚奖牌——亚运会)”可知，划线词的意思应该是“最后一场演出”。故选C项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Ijustcan’tfinishmycareerwithoutamedalformymotherland(我不能在没有为我的祖国赢得奖牌的情况下结束我的职业生涯)”可知，是民族自豪感让丘索维金娜在东京奥运会后重返训练场。故选B项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Chusovitina,thenrepresentingherthirdnation,Germany,wherebettermedicaltreatmentwasprovidedforhersickson,gotthesilvermedal.(当时代表第三国德国参赛的丘索维金娜获得了银牌。在德国，她生病的儿子得到了更好的医疗。)”可知，丘索维金娜代表德国参加2008年奥运会是为了让她儿子接受治疗。故选C项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Moretoe,”addedthegymnast,whosemottois“I’drathertrytodaythanregrettomorrow”.(“还有更多，”这位体操运动员补充道，她的座右铭是“我宁愿今天努力，也不愿明天后悔”。)”可知，丘索维金娜是坚定的。故选A项。CSanFrancisco’swaterfront(海滨)isontheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlacesforgoodreason.Itsbeautifuloldlandmarks,liketheFerryBuildingandtheBayBridge,havebeenseeninmanybooks,TVshowsandmovies—fromthestoriesandnovelsofJackLondontothe1970sTVseriesTheStreetsofSanFrancisco.ThefutureofSanFrancisco’swaterfront,however,isn’tsafe.In2016,theNationalTrustforHistoricPreservationputpartofthecity’sshorelineonitslistoftheU.S.’smostendangeredhistoricplaces,inpartbecauseofthethreatofsealevelrise.Thewaterfrontlandmarksofmanycitiesareunderincreasingthreatfromfloodsandrisingsealevelsbroughtonbyhumandrivenclimatechange.St.Mark’sBasilicainVenice,ItalyandtheVeniceBeachboardwalkinLosAngelesfacesimilarchallengestoSanFrancisco.“Thewholeissueofclimatechangeandhistoricpreservationintersects(交织)rightatthewaterfront,”saidElaineForbes,directorofthePortofSanFrancisco.Asshewatchedtheboatseandgoonasunnyafternoon,Forbessaid,“Sealevelrisehasn’thistoricallybeenasmuchofathreattoSanFranciscoasmajorearthquakes.”However,that’schanged.Partsofthemainroadthatrunsalongthewaterfronthavefloodedfromheavyrainsinrecentyears.Thestateestimates(预估)thewatercouldriseuptoabouttwoandahalffeetaboveitspresentlevelby2060,andpossiblyuptosevenfeetbytheturnofthecentury.Now,SanFranciscoisconsideringmeasurestosaveitshistoricshoreline.Butthegrowingmagnitudeandfrequencyoftheclimaterelatedthreats,thehighcostsandeffortneededinsavingheritagesites,andpetingideasaboutwhat’sworthsavingandwhatisn’t,canmakeithardforcitiestoknowwhattodofirst.28.WhatisSanFrancisco’swaterfrontfamousfor?A.Oldlandmarks. B.Famousbeaches.C.Beautifulbridges. D.fortableclimate.29.Whatchallengeisthewaterfrontfacing?A.Thelossofpublicsupport. B.Thethreatfromrisingsealevels.C.Theinfluenceoftouristactivities. D.Thepetitionfromothercities.30.Whyistheearthquakementionedinparagraph4?A.Togiveanexampleofexistingthreats. B.Tostresstheseriousnessofsealevelrise.C.Toparedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters. D.Toshowthedifficultyinthewaterfrontprotection.31Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.Heritagesitesareinruins. B.Threatshavebeenremoved.C.Theshorelinehasbeenflooded. D.Solutionsareunderconsideration.【答案】28.A29.B30.B31.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了旧金山的滨水区如今面临海平面上升的威胁，同时许多城市的滨水地标正面临着由人类活动引起的气候变化带来的洪水和海平面上升的日益严重的威胁。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Itsbeautifuloldlandmarks,liketheFerryBuildingandtheBayBridge,havebeenseeninmanybooks,TVshowsandmovies—fromthestoriesandnovelsofJackLondontothe1970sTVseriesTheStreetsofSanFrancisco.(它美丽的古老地标，如渡轮大厦和海湾大桥，在许多书籍、电视节目和电影中都有出现——从杰克·伦敦的故事和小说到20世纪70年代的电视剧《旧金山街道》)”可知，旧金山的滨水区以古老地标闻名。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“In2016,theNationalTrustforHistoricPreservationputpartofthecity’sshorelineonitslistoftheU.S.’smostendangeredhistoricplaces,inpartbecauseofthethreatofsealevelrise.(2016年，美国国家历史保护信托基金会将该市的部分海岸线列入了美国最濒危的历史遗迹名单，部分原因是海平面上升的威胁)”可知，滨水区面临海平面上升的威胁。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Partsofthemainroadthatrunsalongthewaterfronthavefloodedfromheavyrainsinrecentyears.Thestateestimates(预估)thewatercouldriseuptoabouttwoandahalffeetaboveitspresentlevelby2060,andpossiblyuptosevenfeetbytheturnofthecentury.(近年来，沿着滨水区的部分主要道路因暴雨而被淹没。该州估计，到2060年，水位可能会上升到比现在高2.5英尺左右，到世纪之交可能会上升到7英尺)”可推知，第四段提到了地震是为了强调海平面上升的严重性。故选B。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now,SanFranciscoisconsideringmeasurestosaveitshistoricshoreline.(现在，旧金山正在考虑采取措施保护其历史悠久的海岸线)”可知，解决方案正在考虑之中。故选D。DSleepissoimportantthatithaslonginterestedscientists.Scientistshavestudiedeverythingfrommicetofruitfliesinthelabtogetabetterunderstandingofwhathappenswhenanimalssleepandwhytheydoit.However,gatheringdata(数据)onhowanimalssleepintheirnaturalhabitathasalwaysbeenhardtodo.ButscientistsdidjustthatwithwildchinstrappenguinsinAntarctica.Indoingso,researchersfoundthebirdstookovertenthousandmicrosleepsthroughouttheday—addinguptoa11hourlongsleep.Tostudythepenguins,scientistsputdevices(设备)intoasmallgroupofpenguins’brainandneckmuscles,whichprovidedthebrainwaveandlocationdata.Thedeviceshadneverbeenusedbefore,sothisdatacollectionwasonlysupposedtobeatest.However,theprocesswentsowellandthedatawaspublishedinthisstudy.Researchersfoundthatthemicrosleepslastonlyseconds.Researchersthinkthatbeingabletosleepforsuchashorttimemighthelptheanimalsavoidpredators(捕食者)thatmightmorelikelyattackifthepenguinswereasleepforlonger—especiallywhenoneparentgoesoutfeedingintheoceanfordays,leavingtheotherparenttoprotecttheeggsfrompredatorybirds.Thestudyisanearlyinsightintoarelativelylargemissingscientificknowledgeaboutsleep.“Almosteverystudyonsleepingbirdsdiscoverssomethingnew,somethingwedidn’tknowaboutbefore,”saysstudycoauthorPaulAntoineLibourel.VladyslavVyazovskiy,asleepneuroscientistattheUniversityofOxfordwhodidn’tjoininthestudy,isexcitedaboutthisnewdatabecause“mostofwhatweknowabouttheanimalsleepwasgainedinlaboratoryconditions,whicharetotallydifferentfromconditionswheresleepdeveloped”.32.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thestudymethod. B.Thedeviceintroduction.C.Theresearchpurpose. D.Thebackgroundinformation.33.Whatisapossiblereasonforpenguins’microsleeps?A.Feedingbabybirds. B.Gettinglongersleep.C.Avoidingbeinghunted. D.Attackingotherbirds.34.What’sVyazovskiy’sattitudetowardsthestudy?A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Confused. D.Objective.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnimalSleepIsResearchedintheLabB.PenguinsGainaDifferentWayofSleepC.SleepIsofGreatImportancetoPenguinsD.PenguinsTakeThousandsofMicrosleepsaDay【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍科学家们通过研究发现，南极洲野生帽带企鹅一天中有超过1万个微睡眠。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Tostudythepenguins,scientistsputdevices(设备)intoasmallgroupofpenguins’brainandneckmuscles,whichprovidedthebrainwaveandlocationdata.Thedeviceshadneverbeenusedbefore,sothisdatacollectionwasonlysupposedtobeatest.However,theprocesswentsowellandthedatawaspublishedinthisstudy.(为了研究企鹅，科学家们在一小群企鹅的大脑和颈部肌肉中植入了设备，这些设备提供了脑电波和位置数据。这些设备以前从未使用过，所以这次数据收集只是一个测试。然而，这个过程进行得很顺利，数据发表在了这项研究中。)”可知，科学家们在一小群企鹅的大脑和颈部肌肉中植入了以前从未使用过的设备，这些设备提供脑电波和位置数据，收集到的数据发表在了这项研究中；由此可知，本段主要介绍了这项研究的方法——通过植入设备来获取数据。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchersfoundthatthemicrosleepslastonlyseconds.Researchersthinkthatbeingabletosleepforsuchashorttimemighthelptheanimalsavoidpredators(捕食者)thatmightmorelikelyattackifthepenguinswereasleepforlonger—especiallywhenoneparentgoesoutfeedingintheoceanfordays,leavingtheotherparenttoprotecttheeggsfrompredatorybirds.(研究人员发现，微睡眠只持续几秒钟。研究人员认为，能够睡这么短的时间可能有助于这些动物避开捕食者，如果企鹅睡得更久，捕食者更有可能攻击它们——尤其是当父母中的一方在海洋中觅食数天，留下另一方保护企鹅蛋免受掠食性鸟类的伤害。)”可知，研究人员认为，微睡眠可能有助于这些动物避开捕食者，如果企鹅睡得更久，捕食者更有可能攻击它们；由此可知，企鹅的微睡眠很可能是为了避免被捕食者猎杀。故选C。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“VladyslavVyazovskiy,asleepneuroscientistattheUniversityofOxfordwhodidn’tjoininthestudy,isexcitedaboutthisnewdatabecause“mostofwhatweknowabouttheanimalsleepwasgainedinlaboratoryconditions,whicharetotallydifferentfromconditionswheresleepdeveloped”.(牛津大学的睡眠神经科学家VladyslavVyazovskiy没有参与这项研究，他对这些新数据感到兴奋，因为‘我们对动物睡眠的大部分了解都是在实验室条件下获得的，这与睡眠发展的条件完全不同’。)”可知，VladyslavVyazovskiy没有参与这项研究，但他对这些新数据感到兴奋，因为他认为他们对动物睡眠的大部分了解都是在实验室条件下获得的，而这项研究不同；由此可知，VladyslavVyazovskiy对这项研究是持肯定态度的。故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。第二段“ButscientistsdidjustthatwithwildchinstrappenguinsinAntarctica.Indoingso,researchersfoundthebirdstookovertenthousandmicrosleepsthroughouttheday—addinguptoa11hourlongsleep.(但科学家们在南极洲对野生帽带企鹅进行了实验。在这样做的过程中，研究人员发现这些鸟在一天中有超过1万个微睡眠，加起来总共有11个小时的睡眠。)”介绍了科学家们通过对南极洲野生帽带企鹅研究发现，这些鸟在一天中有超过1万个微睡眠，加起来总共有11个小时的睡眠；下文介绍了这项研究的方法，研究发现以及这项研究的意义；由此可知，本文主要阐述一项研究发现——南极洲野生帽带企鹅一天中有超过1万个微睡眠；D选项“PenguinsTakeThousandsofMicrosleepsaDay(企鹅每天有数千个微睡眠)”能够概括本文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beingaselfactualizedpersonmeansbeingsomeonewhohasreachedtheirfullpotential(潜力).Collegeiswhereyoucanexploreandslowlybuildyourselfintothekindofpersonyouwanttobe.Here’ssomeadvicethatwillmakethejourneyeasierforyou.Takecareofyourselfbeforeanything.ReachingyourfullpotentialisthefinallevelofMaslow’sHierarchyofneeds(马斯洛需层次理论).___36___Thingslikeeatinghealthyfoodandkeepingyourselfsafeneedtobetakencareofbeforeyourexplorationofpersonalgrowth.Neverstoplearning.Learningdoesn’tstopwhenyouleavecollege.Infact,youshouldmakeitapointtokeeplearningaslongasyou’realive.Whateverjobyouchoose,there’salwaysgoingtobenewknowledge.___37___Findsomethingfunineverything.It’sfinetoadmitthatcertaintopicsaredifficulttounderstandimmediately.Butconsideringthemasboringwillonlyannoyyouandmakethelearningprocessharder.___38___Notopicwillbeboringifyoutreatitwiththerightattitude.___39___Withoutorganizationalskills,youcannotmakegoodarrangementsandfinishtasksontime.Youneedtolearnhowtomanageyourtimebecausethiswillgiveyouenoughspacetostudyforcollege,andthenhaveenoughfreetimeforyourownhobbiesoutsideofschool.Reachingyourfullpotentialisanongoinglifelongprocess.___40___Ifyougiveyourselfenoughtimeandspace,you’llrealizeyourfullpotentialasyougrowandlearn.A.Organizeyourtimeeffectively.B.Balanceyourstudyandhobbies.CThewillingnesstocontinuelearningwilltakeyoufarinlife.D.Toreallygetpleasurefromlearning,youmustkeepanopenmind.E.Withtheideathatit’sboring,you’llneverfinditanyeasiertolearn.F.Itrequiresyoutosatisfyyourneedsforhealth,safetyandnewexperiences.G.Thismeansyouhavetomeetyourbasicneedsfirstbeforeyouconsideryourdreams.【答案】36.G37.C38.D39.A40.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何充实大学生活提出了一些建议。【36题详解】根据上文“Takecareofyourselfbeforeanything.ReachingyourfullpotentialisthefinallevelofMaslow’sHierarchyofneeds(马斯洛需层次理论).(先照顾好自己。充分发挥你的潜力是马斯洛需求层次理论的最后一个层次)”以及后文“Thingslikeeatinghealthyfoodandkeepingyourselfsafeneedtobetakencareofbeforeyourexplorationofpersonalgrowth.(在你探索个人成长之前，像吃健康的食物和保证自己的安全这样的事情需要得到照顾)”可知，后文提到了吃健康的食物和保证安全，即基本的需求。故G选项“这意味着在你考虑你的梦想之前，你必须先满足你的基本需求”符合语境，故选G。【37题详解】根据上文“Neverstoplearning.Learningdoesn’tstopwhenyouleavecollege.Infact,youshouldmakeitapointtokeeplearningaslongasyou’realive.Whateverjobyouchoose,there’salwaysgoingtobenewknowledge.(永远不要停止学习。离开大学后，学习不会停止。事实上，只要你活着，你就应该坚持学习。无论你选择什么工作，总会有新的知识)”可知，本段的主旨是持续学习，本句为本段最后一句，说明继续学习的意义。故C选项“继续学习的意愿会让你在生活中走得更远”符合语境，故选C。【38题详解】根据后文“Notopicwillbeboringifyoutreatitwiththerightattitude.(如果你用正确的态度对待，任何话题都不会无聊)”可知，本句主要是说明对待学习应该采取什么样的态度。故D选项“要真正从学习中获得乐趣，你必须保持开放的心态”符合语境，故选D。【39题详解】根据后文“Withoutorganizationalskills,youcannotmakegoodarrangementsandfinishtasksontime.Youneedtolearnhowtomanageyourtimebecausethiswillgiveyouenoughspacetostudyforcollege,andthenhaveenoughfreetimeforyourownhobbiesoutsideofschool.(没有组织能力，你就不能很好地安排和按时完成任务。你需要学会如何管理你的时间，因为这将给你足够的空间为大学学习，然后有足够的空闲时间在学校以外的自己的爱好)”可知，本段的主旨是学会如何管理时间，故A选项“有效地安排你的时间”符合语境，故选A。【40题详解】根据上文“Reachingyourfullpotentialisanongoinglifelongprocess.(充分发挥你的潜力是一个持续一生的过程)”以及后文“Ifyougiveyourselfenoughtimeandspace,you’llrealizeyourfullpotentialasyougrowandlearn.(如果你给自己足够的时间和空间，在你成长和学习的过程中，你会发现自己的全部潜力)”可知，本句主要说明如何才能充分发挥你的潜力，故F选项“它要求你满足你对健康、安全和新体验的需求”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Automation(自动化)certainlyhasitsadvantages.Iam___41___for24hourATMsandacellphonewithvariousservices.___42___Ialsomissthetalkswithpeoplethatautomationhasreplaced.Thus,Irecentlydecidedtospendadaytoachieveallofmygoalsina(n)___43___manner.Ibeganbygoingtothebank.Onmyarrival,IfoundIwastheonlycustomer.Oneofthethreeworkers___44___mefromalongagovisitandwarmlygreetedme.AfterIgotmymoney,wetalkedforafewminutes,___45___newsaboutourchildren.ThenImovedontothepostoffice,wheremylettertoIcelandstirredupa(n)___46___mentbyanemployee,wholongedtovisitthatcountry.Ispentfiveminutes___47___him.Therefollowedavisittothe___48___,whereIwalkedpasttheselfcheckoutandwasweledbyacashier,who___49___thatforonlyonepennymoreIcouldgetanextracarrot.ThateveningIhaddinnerwithafriendandreportedmy____50____toher.Shelistenedcarefullyand____51____thatIcouldhavedoneeverythingwithmycellphoneanditwouldhavetaken____52____anhour.True,butIwouldhave____53____allthosekindwordsandfriendlysmiles.Itwasafter____54____withthebankworker,thepostalemployeeandthecashierthatIfeltbetter____55____someonetookthetimetowarmourmeeting.41.A.eager B.ready C.regretful D.thankful42.A.And B.But C.So D.Or43.A.advanced B.nondigital C.informal D.selfservice44.A.appreciated B.impressed C.remembered D.attracted45.A.spreading B.reporting C.making D.sharing46.A.excited B.confused C.satisfied D.annoyed47.A.guiding B.reminding C.admiring D.encouraging48.A.apartment B.supermarket C.bank D.restaurant49.A.suggested B.admitted C.demanded D.applied50.A.affair B.challenge C.experiment D.behavior51.A.praised B.mented C.begged D.protested52.A.morethan B.otherthan C.lessthan D.ratherthan53.A.missed B.reserved C.preferred D.suffere