英语译林版（江苏）必修5导学笔记课件Unit1PeriodFour

Unit1

Gettingalongwithothers基础自测内容索引要点探究达标检测课文预读PeriodFour

Project基础自测Ⅰ.重点单词1.

n.话题2.

n.态度，看法3.

vt.扎根于；使基于；下锚；使固定

n.锚4.

adj.小心的，谨慎的5.

adj.热切的，急不可待的

adv.热切地6.

vi.做出反应，回应

n.反应topicattitudeanchorcautiouseagereagerlyrespondresponse7.

vi.&n.暂停，停顿8.

n.平安，安全；安全措施

adj.安心的；可靠的；牢固的

v.获得；使安全9.

adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的10.

n.宽恕；仁慈

adj.宽恕的；仁慈的

adv.宽恕地；仁慈地pausesecuritysecurecommittedmercymercifulmercifullyⅡ.重点短语1.beanchored

基于，扎根于2.bebased

以……为基础，以……为根据3.regardless

不管，不顾4.end

最终处于；最后成为5.rely

指望，依赖，依靠6.thanks

幸亏；由于7.becommitted

对……尽心尽力8.haveaquarrel

与……争吵9.

conclusion总之10.lookback

回忆inonofupontotowithinonⅢ.重点句式1.现在分词作伴随状语...，they’restillsittingonthesofa，

thesameconversationonthesametopic.……，她们仍坐在沙发上，就同一个话题继续着她们的同一个谈话。2.状语从句的省略

，theyusuallyhesitatebeforeresponding，...当被问及这个问题的时候，他们往往在回答之前都要犹豫一下，……3.表语从句Theimportantthingtorememberis

.需要记住的重要的一点是：这两者都是友谊。continuingWhenaskedthatbothofthemarefriendships课文预读Ⅰ.课文阅读理解1.Accordingtothefirstpassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Boyshavemorefriendshipsthangirls.B.Boysandgirlshavethesameattitudetowardsfriendship.C.Boysshareactivities，whilegirlssharefeelings.D.Boysalwaysseemtohavealottotalkaboutwiththeirbestfriends.√答案12342.Accordingtothesecondpassage，themostimportantthinginlifefortheauthoris

.A.money B.friendshipC.security D.comfort√答案12343.Accordingtothesecondpassage，allofthefollowingarethemeaningsoffriendshipEXCEPTthat

.A.friendshipmeansnotbeingaloneB.friendshipmeanshavingsomeoneyoucanrelyonC.friendshipmeansbeingcommittedtoothersD.friendshipmeanshelpingothersdoanythingatanymoment√答案12344.Accordingtothesecondpassageweknowthat

.A.onceafriendalwaysafriendB.onceathiefalwaysathiefC.thebestwaytohaveafriendistobeafriendD.thebestwaytohaveafriendistogiveothersmuchmoney√答案1234ThemeBoysandgirlshavedifferent1.

towardsfriendship.DifferencesBoys：·Boys’friendshipsarebasedonsharedactivitiesor2.

.·It’shardforaboytochooseasinglepersonashisbestfriend.·Aboyis3.

tobecautiousaboutsharinghisfeelingswithhisclosefriends.Ⅱ.课文阅读填空attitudesinterestslikelyTeenagers’friendshipsDifferencesGirls：·Girls’friendshipsare4.

insharedfeelingsandsupport.·Usually，afemalecanquicklytellwhoisherbestfriend.·Agirlmaybe5.

totellherclosestfriendsaboutthethingshappeninginherlife.ConclusionThequalitiesthatboysandgirlsconsiderimportantinafriendseemtobethesameandfriendsareneededbyallofus.anchoredeagerWhatfriendshipmeanstomeTopicFriendshipinmyeyesNotbeing6._____·SeeingtouriststakingpicturestogethermademefeelsadwhenIwastravellingbymyself.·Lifeisnofunwithoutsomeone’scompanyandsharing.HavingsomeonetorelyonLastyear，Ilostmynotesforthefinalexamonatrolleybus.JennyletmecopyhernotessothatIcould7.____________

themandfinallypasstheexam.alonerevise/reviewBeingcommittedtoothers·OnceIquarreledwithJennyandshe8.

onmebitterly.·Iforgaveherandshe9.

tome.ConclusionWhenweareoldandlookbackonourlives，wewillnot10.

thosewhomwelovedandthosewholovedus.commentedapologizedforgetⅢ.课文阅读简答A.阅读课文Teenagers’friendships回答问题1.WhatisitthatpuzzlesRobert?_____________________2.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?_____________________________________________________B.阅读课文Whatfriendshipmeanstome回答问题3.Whatshouldyoudowhenyourfriendmakessomecruelcommentsaboutyouwhilequarrellingaccordingtothispassage?_______________________Girlscantalkforsolong.Differentattitudesteenageboysandgirlshavetowardsfriendship.Ishouldforgivehimorher.要点探究1Thoughtheygetalongwell，therearesomethingsaboutAmandaandherfriendsthatpuzzleRobert.尽管他们相处得很好，阿曼达跟她朋友之间的一些事情(还是)让罗伯特感到困惑。(1)puzzlevt.使困惑，使迷惑；n.谜，难题bepuzzledby被……迷惑beapuzzletosb.对某人来说是个难题(2)puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的(3)puzzledadj.感到迷惑的；困惑的重点词汇(1)Exportgrowthhasbeenunrelatedwithglobalgrowthfactors，whichiswhatwemeanby“Asia’sexportpuzzle”.出口增长与全球发展因素没有关联，这就是我们所指的“亚洲的出口难题”。(2)Iam

puzzledbywhathappenedinouroffice.发生在我们办公室里的事令我大惑不解。[单项填空](3)Shelookedatmewitha

lookonherface.Itwasclearthatsheseemed

aboutwhathadhappened.A.puzzled；puzzled B.puzzling；puzzledC.puzzling；puzzling D.puzzled；puzzling解析分析句子，修饰后面的look，用puzzled(困惑的)；第二空是seem的表语，意为“感到迷惑的”，故用puzzled。√答案解析2Boysandgirlshavedifferentattitudestowardsfriendship.男孩和女孩对待友谊有着不同的态度。attituden.态度，看法take...attitudetowards/to...对……采取……态度takeupanattitude采取某种态度，摆出某种姿势attitudeofmind态度；看法；观点；思想方法；心情；气派haveanattitude盛气凌人，埋怨，发牢骚，持敌视态度(1)What’syourattitudeto/towardsthismatter?你对这件事情抱有什么态度呢？(2)Chinawill

theworld.中国将对世界采取一种开放的态度。(3)He

towardsthequestion.他对这个问题采取了妥协的态度。takeanopeningattitudeto/towardstookupacompromisingattitude[单项填空](4)Incommunication，asmileisusually

strongsignofafriendlyand

openattitude.(2017·南通高二期中)A.the；/ B.a；anC.a；/ D.the；an解析句意为：在交往中微笑通常是一种友好和开放态度的标志。因sign是可数名词，所以第一个空用不定冠词a/an，又因strong的第一个音素是辅音，所以用a；第二个空因为friendly前有冠词a，而且friendlyandopen是并列关系，用一个冠词修饰后面的名词attitude即可。故选C。√答案解析3Friendshipsbetweengirlsareusuallyanchoredinsharedfeelingsandsupport，butfriendshipsbetweenboysarebasedonsharedactivitiesorinterests.女孩之间的友谊通常建立在共同的情感和互相支持之上，而男孩之间的友谊则以共同的活动或兴趣为基础。anchorvt.使固定，扣牢，使基于；下锚；n.锚beanchoredin扎根于……，基于(1)Makesurethetableissecurelyanchored.务必把桌子固定好。(2)AunitedGermanymust

firmly

NATOifEuropeistoremainstable.欧洲要保持稳定，德国必须统一并固守北约。beanchoredin[单项填空](3)Histheory

avarietyofexperimentsinthelab.A.isanchoredin B.resultsinC.leadsto D.breaksinto解析句意为：他的理论基于实验室的各种实验。根据句意，知答案为A。√答案解析bebasedon...根据……，以……为基础base...on...把……建立在……基础上basicadj.基本的，基础的basicallyadv.主要地，基本上basisn.基础；基本原则；根据onthebasisof在……基础上；基于注意：在短语base...on...中，base为及物动词，用主动语态，base后应有宾语，否则应用被动形式，即bebasedon结构。(4)Thebookisbasedonatruestory.这本书以一个真实的故事为原型。(5)Thisexperienceteachesmealesson：Neverjudgeapersonsimply

thefirstimpression.这次经历教给我一个道理：永远不要通过第一印象来评判一个人。onthebasisof[单项填空](6)Nowadaysmanypeoplemaketheirchoicesaboutwhattheybuy，

advertisementsratherthantheirownjudgment.(2017·时杨中学高二调研)A.basingon B.basedonC.tobaseon D.wasbasedon解析分析句子，空格处是非谓语动词，baseon和其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作定语。故选B项。√答案解析4Agirl’sclosestfriend，however，mightbeeagertotellheraboutsomethingthathashappenedinherlife.而一个女孩的密友则可能会迫不及待地向她吐露自己生活中发生过的一些事。eageradj.热切的，渴望的beeagertodo...渴望做……beeagerfor...渴望得到……(1)Robert，whousedtobeasuccessfulcaptain，iseagertotalkabouthislifeinthearmy.罗伯特曾是个成功的上尉，很想谈谈他的陆军生活。(2)She

success.她渴望成功。iseagerfor[单项填空](3)Theyare

newskillssothattheycanbequalifiedforthejobsinvariousfields

theyarestrange.A.anxiousto；aboutwhich B.eagerfor；towhichC.eagerfor；aboutwhich D.anxiousto；towhich解析句意为：他们迫切想掌握新的技术，使自己能胜任他们非常陌生的各种行业的工作。beeagerfor急于想得到；beanxioustodosth.急于做某事；bestrangetosth.对……感到陌生。故选B项。√答案解析5Whenasked，theyusuallyhesitatebeforeresponding...当被问及这个问题的时候，他们往往在回答之前都要犹豫一下……(1)respondvi.回答，答复；响应，做出反应respondto答复……；对……做出反应respondbydoing...通过做……来反应(回应)(2)responsen.回应，反应，回答inresponseto作为对……的反应makearesponseto对……作出回答/回应(1)Howdidtheeditor

oursuggestion?编辑对我们的建议反应如何？(2)Hewenttoopenthedoorinresponsetoaknock.听到有人敲门，他走过去开门。respondto[单项填空](3)Youcandependon

thattheschoolwill

immediatelytothestudents’requestthattheyshouldhavemoretimetorelax.(2017·邗江中学高二期中)A.this；answer B.it；referC./；follow D.it；respond解析句意为：你可以相信学校将会很快回复学生关于学校应该多给点时间放松的要求。第一空dependonitthat...相信……；第二空respondto对……做出回复。故选D项。√答案解析6Thequalitiesthatboysandgirlsconsiderimportantinafriendseemtobethesame，regardlessofthebasisofthesefriendships.不管友谊的基础是什么，男孩和女孩所看重的朋友身上的品质似乎是一样的。regardlessof不管，不顾，不理会。如后无宾语则不需用of。另外regardlessof与inspiteof意思相近，都有“不顾，不管，尽管”之意。(1)MostAustralianssupportactiontacklingglobalwarming_________

__

costs.大部分澳大利亚人支持不计代价采取行动应对全球变暖问题。(2)Iprotested，butshecarriedonregardless.我极力反对，但她置之不理仍一意孤行。regardlessof[单项填空](3)

expense，wemusttakeeverymeasuretosavetheoldman’slife.(2017·时杨中学高二调研)A.Becauseof B.AsaresultofC.Regardlessof D.Withregardto解析句意为：不管什么代价，我们都必须采取措施来挽救老人的生命。becauseof因为；asaresultof因为；regardlessof不管，不顾；withregardto关于，至于。根据句意，故选C项。√答案解析7Iendedupreturningtothetrainstationandspendingtherestofthedayinthewaitingroom.最终我返回到火车站，在候车室里度过了当天余下的时光。endup最终成为，最后处于，后接形容词、介词短语或现在分词短语。endupwith以……结束endupas...最终成为或变成……endupin以……结束(后接表抽象概念的名词)cometoanend结束，终止drawtoanend(或aclose)终结，结束frombeginningtoend从头到尾putanendto结束，使终止(1)Howdidyou

onwebservices?您最终怎么会从事网络服务方面工作的呢？(2)Westartedwithsoup，and

fruits.我们开始时喝汤，最后吃水果。[易混辨析]

endup，endwith，endinendupworkingendedupwithendup有“以……告终”之意，常暗含不好或指到达的最终状态endwith指“以……结束”(事先安排)endin指“在……当中结束”(不好的结果)[选词填空]

endup，endwith，endin(3)Theireffort

payingoff.(4)Theclass

asong.(5)Theirlongstruggle

failure.endedupendswithendedin[单项填空](6)Youaremost

to

takingoverthiscompanyifyouplayyourcardsright.(2017·清江中学高二期中)A.possible；endwith B.perhaps；endofC.probable；endin D.likely；endup解析分析句子，第一空是sb.belikelytodosth.某人可能做某事；第二空是固定短语endupdoingsth.结果/最终……；故选D项。√答案解析8FriendshipmeanshavingsomeoneIcanrelyon.友谊意味着有人可以依靠。relyon指望，依赖，信任relyon/uponsb.todosth.依赖/相信/指望某人去做某事relyon/uponsb./sth.for...依靠某人/某物……relyonitthat...相信，指望……(1)Youshould

yourownjudgement.你应当相信自己的判断。(2)Hecan’tbe

thetruth.不能指望他说真话。(3)Youcan

hewillcometohelpyou.你放心好了，他会来帮你的。relyonreliedontotellrelyonitthat[单项填空](4)Heisthefirstpersonyoucanthinkofto

，forheisalwayswillingtohelpoutwhoeverisintrouble.A.liveon B.relyonC.takeon D.turnon解析句意为：他是你可以考虑依靠的第一个人，因为他总是乐于帮助有困难的人。relyon依靠，信赖，符合句意。liveon以……为生；takeon雇用，呈现，承担；turnon打开。√答案解析9Thankstoherhelp，Iwasabletopasstheexam.多亏了她的帮助，我才能通过考试。thanksto幸亏，多亏，因为；由于表示“因为”的短语还有：becauseof作状语dueto作表语或状语owingto作状语asaresultof作状语注意：owingto，dueto和thanksto中的to都是介词，后跟动词时用-­ing形式。dueto表示“预期，预约，约定”时后跟动词不定式。(1)Itwasagreatsuccess—becauseofalotofhardwork.由于尽心竭力，这才获得了巨大的成功。(2)Thedelaywasduetopowerfailure.延滞是由于停电。(3)Owingtobadweather，thismorning’sflightwillbedelayed.由于天气不好，今天上午的航班将延误。[单项填空](4)

theconsistenteffortsmadebythepeopleofHangzhou，preparatoryworkfortheG20Summithasbeenasuccess.A.Thanksto B.IntermsofC.Withregardto D.Inadditionto解析句意为：多亏杭州人的一致努力，G20峰会的筹备工作很成功。thanksto多亏；intermsof就……方面；withregardto关于；inadditionto除了……之外。根据句意，应选A项。√答案解析10Friendshipmeansbeingcommittedtoothers.友谊意味着忠诚于他人。(1)becommittedto对……忠诚；致力于……committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的，效忠的(2)commitvt.做出(错或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证(3)commitmentn.[C](＝promise)承诺；保证makeacommitment(tosb./sth.)(向……)承诺/允诺(1)ThePresident

reforminghealthcare.总统致力于改革卫生保健制度。(2)Mostcrimesarecommittedbyyoungmen.多数罪行都是年轻人犯下的。(3)Shedoesn’twanttomakeabigemotionalcommitmenttoSteveatthemoment.她不想在此刻对史蒂夫在感情上作出重大的承诺。iscommittedto[单项填空](4)Headmittedhaving

amistake.A.committed B.constructedC.completed D.contributed解析commitamistake犯错误，符合句意。construct建设；complete完成；contribute捐助，投稿。√答案解析11BecauseIamafriend，Ihavehadtolearnpatienceandmercy.因为我是一个朋友，我就要学会有耐心和宽容。mercyn.怜悯；宽恕；宽容；仁慈withoutmercy无情地havemercyonsb.同情某人showmercytosb.对某人表示怜悯atthemercyof任由……的摆布(1)Thepassers-byshowednomercytothepoorboy.过路人对这个可怜的男孩一点都不同情。(2)Wewere

theweather.我们拿天气毫无办法。atthemercyof[单项填空](3)Itisagoldenruleininternationaltradethatifyouexportnothingbutrawmaterials，you’reatthe

ofworldprices.(2017·南通中学高二期中)A.risk B.expenseC.mercy D.cost解析句意为：如果你除了原材料什么都不出口，你就得只能任凭世界行市来摆布了(atthemercyof任……摆布，在……前毫无办法)，这是国际贸易中的一个黄金法则。根据句意可知C项符合语境。risk冒险；expense费用；cost费用。√答案解析12Inconclusion，whenweareoldandlookbackonourlives，whatwillweremember？总之，当我们老去并回顾我们的生活时，我们会记住什么呢？inconclusion最后，总之conclusionn.结论，推论arriveat/cometo/draw/reachaconclusion得出结论(1)

，I’dliketosayI’veenjoyedstayinghere.最后，我想要说我在这里过得很愉快。(2)Whatconclusiondidyoucometo?你得出了什么结论？Inconclusion[单项填空](3)Mostpeopleworkbecauseit’sunavoidable.

，therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoywork.(2015·浙江，10)A.Asaresult B.InadditionC.Bycontrast D.Inconclusion解析句意为：大部分人工作是因为工作是不得不做的。相比之下，有一些人是真的热爱工作。根据句意知，空格处表示“对比，比较”，所以用bycontrast。asaresult结果；inaddition除……以外(还)；inconclusion最后。这三项都与语境不符，所以选C项。√答案解析lookbackon回顾，回忆起lookdownon/upon轻视，看不起lookinto调查lookthrough快速查看，浏览lookup抬头看；查字典lookaround环顾四周，到处寻找(4)Iliketo

myhighschooldays，whichwerethehappiestinmylife.我喜欢回顾我的中学时代，那是我生命中最快乐的时光。(5)Daysaregonewhenwomenwerelookeddownupon.女性被看不起的日子已一去不复返了。lookbackon[单项填空](6)MrBrownusedto

severalnewspapersbeforebreakfast.A.lookinto B.lookupC.lookthrough D.lookaround解析lookthrough浏览，符合句意。lookinto调查；lookup抬头看，查字典；lookaround环顾。√答案解析...，they’restillsittingonthesofa，continuingthesameconversationonthesametopic.……，她们仍坐在沙发上，就同一个话题继续着她们的同一个谈话。经典句式1(1)现在分词(短语)作状语多表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等。句中continuingthesame...为现在分词短语作伴随状语。现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。(2)不定式和现在分词都可作原因状语和结果状语。不定式常放在系表结构的后面作原因状语(表示产生某种情绪或状态的原因)，在句首作原因状语只能用现在分词；不定式作结果状语表示意想不到的结果；现在分词则表示自然的结果。(1)Hesatinhisemptyrestaurantfeelingveryfrustrated.他坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到十分沮丧。(2)

，Ihavetogetupearlyeverymorning.由于住得离学校远，我每天早晨只好早起。(3)I’mashamedtohavetotroubleyou.我很惭愧不得不麻烦你。Livingfarfromtheschool[单项填空](4)ManyChinesebrands，

theirreputationsovercenturies，arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.(2017·江苏，21)A.havingdeveloped B.beingdevelopedC.developed D.developing解析句意为：许多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。主语manyChinesebrands与动词develop之间构成主谓关系，且根据时间状语overcenturies可知，此处应用现在分词的完成式。故选A项。√答案解析(5)Newly-builtwoodencottageslinethestreet，

theoldtownintoadreamland.(2016·北京，32)A.turn B.turningC.toturn D.turned解析句意为：街道两旁都是新建的木屋，使这个古镇变成了梦幻之地。根据句意和结构可知，主句的内容与动词turn有逻辑上的主谓关系，表示产生的自然结果，故应该使用v.-ing形式作结果状语。√答案解析Whenasked，theyusuallyhesitatebeforeresponding，...当被问及这个问题的时候，他们往往在回答之前都要犹豫一下，……2从句中的省略：(1)在时间、地点、让步、方式、条件等状语从句中，如果谓语部分有be动词，从句主语和主句主语一致或从句的主语是it时，常把从句中的主语和be动词省略。(2)在which，when，where，how和why引导的宾语从句中，常可省略与主句相同的部分，仅保留一个连词。(3)在时间、地点、条件状语从句中常省略itis。常见的有wheneverpossible，wherenecessary，wherepossible，ifnecessary等。(1)

，thedrunkdriverbecamenervous.当被拦住的时候，那个醉酒的司机紧张起来。(thedriver是stop动作的承受者，两者为被动关系)(2)Whilewaitingthere，hesawtwoprettygirlscomeoutofthebuilding.在那儿等时，他看见两个漂亮的女孩儿走出大楼。(he是wait动作的执行者，两者为主动关系)(3)Whenever(itis)possible，hewillcometohelpme.他一有可能就来帮助我。Whenstopped[单项填空](4)If

forthejob，you’llbeinformedsoon.(2015·北京，31)A.toaccept B.acceptC.accepting D.accepted解析从句的主语和主句的主语you一致，并且与动词accept之间是被动的关系，因此用过去分词形式。前面的句子补充完整为If(youare)accepted...，是省略主语和be动词的条件状语从句。√答案解析(5)Hislastnovelsoldamazinglymorethantenthousandcopiesandwehopethisonewillbejust

.A.muchpopular B.themostpopularC.themorepopular D.aspopular解析句意为：他的上一本小说令人惊奇地卖到了一万多本，我们希望这本能和上一本一样受欢迎。and后的分句为省略句，补全应为：andwehopethisonewillbejustaspopularashislastnovel，故此处用aspopular。√答案解析达标检测Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Iamdoing

fortheexamination.2.Theoldladyisvery

(谨慎的).3.Strict

(安全)measuresareinforceinthecapital.4.Hehasn’t

tomyletterintime.5.What’sthegovernment’s

towardstheissue?6.Heis

(急不可待的)toknoweverythingabouthissonwholefthomethreeyearsago.7.Theyshowedtheirenemiesno

(仁慈).8.Hewouldn’tlistentomy

andshowedmethedoor.revisioncautioussecurityrespondedattitudeeagermercyapology9.Friendship

mutual(相互的)respectandunderstanding.10.Hecontinuedspeaking

myfeelingandobjectiononthematter.11.We’vereachedourgoalof$50,000，

thegenerosityofthepublic.12.He

so

hisjobthathedidn’thearsomeoneknockingatthedoor.13.Theyhaveto

theriverfortheirwater.Ⅱ.选词填空isbasedonregardlessofthankstothanksto，relyon，beanchoredin，bebasedon，regardlessofwasanchoredinrelyonⅢ.句型转换14.Ifheisgivenmoretime，hecandoitbetter.→

moretime，hecandoitbetter.15.Youmayrelyonhiscomingontime.→Youmayrelyonhim

ontime.16.FinallyIwouldliketothankyouallforyourcoming.→

，Iwouldliketothankyouallforyourcoming.17.DoyoumindifIopenthedoor?→Doyoumind

thedoor?18.Ifit