济南高三统考试卷讲评

2023-2024济南上学期期末考试

试卷讲评阅读理解A1.awakenorrenewpeople’senthusiasmfor唤醒或更新人们的热情2.astronaut宇航员astronomer天文学家astronomy天文学3.hands-onexperiencesrange...to实践经验从……到4.Moonlitcoastalwalks-月光下的海滨漫步Keywordsandexpressions【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章为那些对太空和天文感兴趣的人提供四个旅行建议。句子：TheNASA-operatedKennedySpaceCenterisamustforambitiousastronautsandspace-lovers.由美国宇航局运营的肯尼迪航天中心对于有抱负的宇航员和太空爱好者来说是必去之地。AsanInternationalDarkSkyReserveintheworld,thislovelypartofYorkshire,EnglandishosttotheUK’sfamily-friendlyNationalParksDarkSkiesfestival.作为世界上的国际暗天保护区之一，英格兰约克郡的这片可爱地区举办着英国家庭友好的国家公园暗夜星空节。GettingtothePicduMidiObservatoryisalsoanadventurebyitself,involvingarideontwocable-carsuptoa2,877-meter-highmountain.前往PicduMidi天文台本身就是一次冒险，需要乘坐两次缆车到达高达2,877米的山顶。

Hometothelargestsolarobservatoryintheworld,itsitsonSpain’shighestmountain.这里是世界上最大的太阳天文台所在地，位于西班牙最高的山峰之上。1.arisingstar后起之秀2.secure获得

熟词生义：稳固的

3.groundbreakingcreation开创性创造4.battleagainst与...作战5.emergeas崭露头角

；一跃成为6.standout突出；显眼7.finalist参加决赛的选手8.innovativecreation创作新颖innovate---innovation

Keywordsandexpressions阅读理解B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家HemanBekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。Para2：1.centeron以...为中心2.havethepotentialtoreactivate有重新激活...的潜力3.reflecton反思4.playasignificantroleinshapinghisinnovativethinking对其创新思维的形成起着重要的作用5.associatewithconstantsunexposure与持续的阳光照射有关6.endlesspassionforbiologyandtechnology-对生物学和技术有着无尽的热情KeyPhrases阅读理解BPara3:1.sicience---scientific---scientifically2.exceptionaladj.卓越的，杰出的；不寻常的，罕见的；（心理或身体上）有缺陷的n.（公司账目上的）异常项目3.accessibleto易接近的；易理解的4.considerateadj.体贴的，考虑周到的(27题C选项)；拓展：consideringprep.考虑到；鉴于withregardto关于；就...而言5.invaluableadj.极为珍贵的；极为有用的；无价的；不可缺少的Keyphrases阅读理解BAtjust14yearsold,HemanBekeleemergedasthevictorofthe2023YoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongthetenfinalistswithhisinnovativecreationknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(SCTS).年仅14岁的HemanBekele在2023年年轻科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，成为冠军。他凭借自己的创新发明——被称为皮肤癌治疗肥皂（SCTS）——在十名决赛选手中显得尤为突出。Bekele’sbrilliantconceptcentersonthedevelopmentofasoapthatisnotonlyaffordable,

butalsohasthepotentialtoreactivatethebody’snaturaldefendersoftheskintostopskincancer.Bekele的杰出概念集中在开发一种肥皂上，这种肥皂不仅价格实惠，而且还有可能重新激活皮肤的天然防御机制来阻止皮肤癌。

Para1:outrun超越；比...跑得快Para2：liveoff依靠；依赖

；靠...生活

推展：liveby以...为生

wildlifeecology野生动植物生态学Para3:takethecake：崭露头角Para4:nutritionalvalue营养价值

28题D选项uniqueness独特性Keyphrases阅读理解C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了树懒的独特生活方式和适应策略。Fastanimalshavealegupinoutrunning

otheranimals,whichputsthemhighonthefoodchain.习语“havealegup”“有优势”或“领先一步”跑得快的动物在速度上相较于其他动物的优势，以及这种优势如何使它们在食物链中占据较高位置。“Themeasurementwasintendedtofindoutwhatitcostslothstoliveoveraday,”saysPauli,whoaddsthatadietoflittlebutleaveslacksnutritionalvalueandtheanimal’ssmallsizedoesn’tallowforovereating-soslothsneedtofindwaystomakethemostoftheirdiets,whichmeansusingtinyamountsofenergy,dramaticcontrolofbodytemperatureandlivingatanextremelyslowpace.“这项测量旨在了解树懒一天的生活成本是多少，”波利（Pauli）说道，他补充说，仅仅以树叶为食的饮食缺乏营养价值，而树懒的小体型又不允许它们过量进食——因此，树懒需要找到充分利用其饮食的方法，这意味着它们要使用极少量的能量，严格控制体温，并以极慢的节奏生活。Para1:primarydrivingforce主要推动力haveaninborndesire有天生的欲望

curiositygap-好奇心差距unknownideasandterritories-未知的想法和领域stimulation刺激；激励；兴奋作用stimulatev激励fuelpeople’scuriosity激发人们的好奇心/arousecuriosityPara3:conductaseriesofexperiments实施一系列实验Para5:takeadvantageof充分利用automatically自动地intervent干涉interventionn.lackmotivation-缺乏动力34题D。dismissive轻蔑的；鄙视的；不加考虑的Keyphrases阅读理解D

The

brain

is

often

seen

as

the

most

important

organ

of

us

humans.

It

controls

our

thoughts,emotions,

memories

and

even

our

movements.However,

what

many

people

often

forget

is

that

the

brain

and

the

body

are

closely

connected.36

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了身体与大脑之间的紧密联系，特别是运动对大脑功能和心理健康的积极影响。七选五36.实际上，身体深深影响着大脑;此空缺处需要连接前后两段内容。前一段强调了大脑的重要性，后一段则通过研究表明身体活动对大脑功能的改善。因此，选项B最符合逻辑，起到了承上启下的作用。B.Actuallythebodydeeplyaffectsthebrain.Studieshaveshownthatregularexercisecansignificantlyimprovecognitivefunctionssuchasmemory,attentionandproblem-solvingabilities.37Howdoesthishappen?Well,theanswerliesintheway(exerciseaffectsthebrain.)Exerciseincreasestheproductionofproteins(thatpromotethegrowthandsurvivalofneurons(神经元)，）thusensuringbetterbrainfunctions.Moreover,exercisehasapositiveimpactonmoodandmentalwell-being.Ithelpsreleasesomenaturalmoodboostersthatmakeusfeelmorepositiveandhappy.3838.此空缺处位于段落末尾，需要总结或扩展前文关于运动对情绪和心理健康的积极影响。选项D“一个运动爱好者不太可能患抑郁症”与前文提到的运动释放自然情绪助推器、使人更积极快乐的内容相呼应。D.Anexerciseloverisunlikelytosufferdepression.A.Itevenstrengthenscreativity.37.段中题，结合前文规律运动的优点，以及下文中this代词，应该接着写运动的优点，A项中even属于并列中的递进Asfortheexercisevarieties,it'snotjustaboutaerobic(有氧的)exerciseslikerunningorcycling.37Itimprovesconcentrationanddecision-makingabilitiesbyenhancingtheconnectivitybetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.

40Exerciseisn'tjustaboutkeepingfitorlosingweight;it'saboutimprovingcognitivefunctions,boostingmoodandevenhelpingusthinkmorecreatively.So,thenexttimeyoufeellazyorunmotivatedtoexercise,rememberthat

everystepyoutakeisonestepclosertoahealthier,happierandmoreintelligentyou.F.

Strengthtraininghasalsobeenshowntobenefitthebrain.此空缺处需要引入除了有氧运动之外的其他运动形式对大脑的好处。选项F“力量训练也被证明对大脑有益”符合这一要求，并引出了下文关于不同运动形式对大脑功能的具体影响。G.Thelinksbetweenthebrainandthebodycannotbeoverstated.此空缺处位于段落开头，需要引出下文关于运动如何影响大脑的讨论。选项G“大脑和身体之间的联系再怎么强调也不为过”强调了身体与大脑之间的紧密联系，为下文的具体解释做了铺垫。词汇connected

adj.[计]连接的；有联系的；连贯的v.连接（过去式）connective

adj.连合的，连接的

n.连接词；连接物connectible

adj.可联结的

connection

n.连接；关系；连接件connector

n.连接器，连接头

connectivity

n.[数]连通性，连接性短语：improvecognitivefunctions改善认知功能haveapositiveimpacton（对...有积极影响）moodboosters（情绪助推器）feelmorepositiveandhappy（感到更加积极和快乐）enhancingtheconnectivitybetweendifferentregionsofthebrain（增强大脑不同区域之间的连接）cannotbeoverstated/overemphasizedcannotemphasizetheimportanceof~toomuch.再怎么强调/重视都不过分例句：Theimportanceofmarketresearchcannotbeoverstated.市场调研的重要性无论怎样强调都不为过。类似的结构：cannot…too;cannot…over-；cannot…enough等表示“无论怎样也不为过”，“越…越好”，其意义是肯定的。decision-makingabilities做决定的能力/决策能力problem-solvingabilities解决问题的能力feelunmotivatedtoexercise没有动力运动boostmood

提升情绪句子："Thebrainisoftenseenasthemostimportantorganofushumans."大脑通常被视为我们人类最重要的器官。"Regularexercisecansignificantlyimprovecognitivefunctionssuchasmemory,attentionandproblem-solvingabilities."定期运动可以显著改善认知功能，如记忆、注意力和解决问题的能力。"Exerciseincreasestheproductionofproteinsthatpromotethegrowthandsurvivalofneurons,thusensuringbetterbrainfunctions."运动增加了促进神经元生长和存活的蛋白质的产生，从而确保了更好的大脑功能。"Asfortheexercisevarieties,it'snotjustaboutaerobicexerciseslikerunningorcycling."至于运动的种类，不仅仅是像跑步或骑自行车这样的有氧运动。"Exerciseisn'tjustaboutkeepingfitorlosingweight;it'saboutimprovingcognitivefunctions,boostingmoodandevenhelpingusthinkmorecreatively."运动不仅仅是关于保持健康或减肥；它是关于改善认知功能、提升情绪，甚至帮助我们更有创造性地思考。thenexttimeyoufeellazyorunmotivatedtoexercise,rememberthateverystepyoutakeisonestepclosertoahealthier,happierandmoreintelligentyou."下一次当你感到懒惰或没有动力去锻炼时，记住你迈出的每一步都是朝着一个更健康、更快乐、更聪明的自己迈进的一步。【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个两岁的小女孩丢失了，在救援中各部门行动迅速，积极配合，不懈努力，让孩子及时得救。Atwo-year-oldgirlinNewberryCountyhadlastbeenseenatabout3:00p.m.,butshewasmissinglaterintheday.Thesituationtooka41turnaround6:00p.m.whenahunterintheareaheardthecriesofthemissingchild.Reactingimmediately,thehunter42anemergencycalltellingauthoritiesthechild’slocation.Theoperators43

immediately,applyingadvancedmappingtechnologytolocatetheposition.Thiscrucialinformationwasthen44senttoaSouthCarolinaLawEnforcementDivision(SLED)andthecounty’sfirst45.hopefulWiththelocationdatainhand,asearchteamwasquickly46C

tothewoodedarea.Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately47Daheartwarmingreunion.Themissingtwo-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries.Despiteher48Aexperience,shewasfoundtobeinsurprisinglygood49B,exceptherunderstandabletiredness,thirstandfear.46．A．adaptingB．returning C．heading D．pointing47．A．paidfor B．setup C．tookon D．ledto48．A．frighteningB．regretful C．annoyingD．shameful49．A．shape B．mind C．order D．faith50．A．risky B．remarkableC．traditional D．joyful51．A．respect B．cooperationC．balance D．discussion52．A．blessing B．kindness C．concern D．gratitude53．A．offering B．praising C．advocatingD．assessing54．A．performance B．virtue C．recovery D．courage55．A．edited B．perfected C．performed D．celebrated词汇积累tookahopefulturn-发生变化/转机

placeanemergencycall紧急呼叫reactimmediately-立即反应applyadvancedmappingtechnologytolocatetheposition-应用先进的地图技术来定位bequicklydispatchedto被迅速派往bequicklyheadingtothewoodedareasafeandsound安然无恙ledtoaheartwarmingreunion促成了一次感人的团聚expressedtheirgratitudefor-对...表示感谢insurprisinglygoodshape状态良好inthecareof-由...照顾

incaseof万一发生，如果有heroicactions（英勇行为）heartwarmingsuccessstory（感人的成功故事）heroicactions（英勇行为）thecollaboration/cooperationbetween...之间的合作/协作Atwo-year-oldgirlinNewberryCountyhadlastbeenseenatabout3:00p.m.,butshewasmissinglaterintheday.新贝里县的一名两岁女孩最后一次被看到是在下午3点左右，但当天晚些时候她就失踪了。（事件的时间，地点，人物，事件）Withthelocationdatainhand,asearchteamwasquicklydispatched/headingtothewoodedarea.有了位置数据，搜救队很快就被派往了林区。beheadingto朝...方向前进Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimatelyledtoaheartwarmingreunion.这些救援人员的不懈努力最终促成了一次感人的团聚。【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了大运河的历史、功能、影响以及与杭州亚运会吉祥物宸宸的关联。GrandCanalisoneofthegreatengineeringwondersbuiltbyancientChinese.“Itbearswitness36aremarkableandearlydevelopmentofhydraulic(水利的)engineering,”theUNESCOwebsitestates.Inancienttimes,theGrandCanal37(serve)asthemainchannelforgraintransportandeverykindofeconomicandculturalexchange.Italsofacilitatedthetime-consumingjourneysoflaborersandmaterialsforthe38(construct)oftheForbiddenCityinBeijing,thecapitalcityoftheYuan,MingandQingDynasties.oneofthegreatengineeringwonders最