2024年中考英语人教版新目标一轮复习教材梳理课件：第12讲 八年级下 Units 3～4

英语八年级下第12讲八年级下Units3～4教材梳理三核过考点Unit3

Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom？核心词汇1.

rubbish

⁠n.垃圾；废弃物2.

sweep⁠v.折叠；对折3.

sweep

⁠v.扫；打扫4.

sweep⁠v.厌恶；讨厌5.

floor

⁠n.地板6.

mess

⁠n.杂乱；不整洁rubbishfoldsweephatefloormess7.

neither

⁠adv.也不pron.两者都不8.

anyway

⁠adv.而且；加之9.

sweep

n.衬衫10.

sweep⁠v.给；递；走过；通过11.

finger

⁠n.手指12.

chore

⁠n.杂务；乏味无聊的工作13.

while

⁠conj.与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而14.

snack

⁠n.点心；小吃；快餐15.

stress

⁠n.精神压力；心理负担16.

depend

⁠v.依靠；信赖neitheranywayshirtpassfingerchorewhilesnackstressdepend词汇拓展1.throwv.扔；掷→

threw

⁠/

thrown

⁠（过去式/过去分词）*

throwaway

⁠扔掉；抛弃2.borrowv.借；借用→

borrowed

⁠/

borrowed

⁠（过去式/过去分词）→

sweep

⁠（反义词）v.借给；借出threwthrownthrowawayborrowedborrowedlend3.developv.发展；壮大→

development

⁠n.发展；发育；成长→

developing

⁠adj.发展中的→

developed

⁠adj.发达的4.providev.提供；供应*

providesth.todosth.

⁠为做某事提供某物*

providesth.forsb./sb.withsth.

⁠为某人提供某物5.fairadj.合理的；公正的→

fairness

⁠n.公正性；合理性→

unfair

⁠（反义词）adj.不公平的；不公正的developmentdevelopingdevelopedprovidesth.todosth.providesth.forsb./sb.withsth.fairnessunfair6.neighborn.邻居→

neighborhood

⁠n.街坊；街区7.dropv.落下；掉下→

dropped

⁠/

dropped

⁠（过去式/过去分词）*

dropby

⁠顺便拜访8.wasten.浪费；垃圾v.浪费；滥用*

wastetime/money

⁠浪费时间/金钱neighborhooddroppeddroppeddropbywastetime/money重点短语1.

drinksandsnacks

⁠饮料和零食2.

takeouttherubbish

⁠倒垃圾3.

takecareof

⁠照顾；处理4.

dependon

⁠依靠；信赖5.

dothedishes

⁠洗餐具；洗碗碟6.

sweepthefloor

⁠扫地；清扫地面7.

makethebed

⁠铺床；整理床铺8.

foldtheclothes

⁠折衣服9.

cleanthelivingroom

⁠打扫客厅drinksandsnackstakeouttherubbishtakecareofdependondothedishessweepthefloormakethebedfoldtheclothescleanthelivingroom10.

gooutfordinner

⁠出去吃晚饭11.

getaride

⁠搭车；搭便车12.

takethedogforawalk

⁠带狗去散步；遛狗13.

assoonas

⁠一……就……14.

allthetime

⁠频繁；反复15.

inorderto

⁠目的是；为了gooutfordinnergetaridetakethedogforawalkassoonasallthetimeinordertoUnit4

Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents？核心词汇1.

wrong

⁠adj.有毛病；错误的2.

nervous

⁠adj.焦虑的；担忧的3.

guess

⁠v.猜测；估计4.

sweep

⁠v.抄袭；模仿；复制；复印5.

return

⁠v.归还；回来；返回6.

cloud

⁠n.云；云朵7.

elder

⁠adj.年纪较长的8.

whatever

⁠pron.任何；每一wrongnervousguesscopyreturncloudelderwhatever9.

secondly

⁠adv.第二；其次10.

cause

⁠v.造成；引起11.

clear

⁠adj.清楚易懂的；晴朗的12.

member

⁠n.成员；分子13.

pressure

⁠n.压力14.

typical

⁠adj.典型的15.

quick

⁠adj.快的；迅速的；时间短暂的16.

crazy

⁠adj.不理智的；疯狂的17.

perhaps

⁠adv.可能；大概；也许secondlycauseclearmemberpressuretypicalquickcrazyperhaps词汇拓展1.allowv.允许；准许*

allowsb.todosth.

⁠允许某人做某事2.relationn.关系；联系；交往→

relative

⁠n.亲戚3.communicationn.交流；沟通→

communicate

⁠v.交流；沟通*

communicatewith

⁠与……交流allowsb.todosth.relativecommunicatecommunicatewith4.arguev.争吵；争论→

argument

⁠n.争吵；争论*

arguewith

⁠与……争吵5.insteadadv.代替；反而；却*

insteadof

⁠代替；反而6.skilln.技艺；技巧→

skillful

⁠adj.熟练的；巧妙的7.continuev.持续；继续存在*

continuetodosth.

⁠继续做某事（完成一件事后继续做另外一件事）*

continuedoingsth.

⁠继续做某事（同一件事）argumentarguewithinsteadofskillfulcontinuetodosth.continuedoingsth.8.pushv.鞭策；督促；推动*

pushsb.todosth.

⁠鞭策/督促某人做某事→

sweep⁠（反义词）v.拉9.offerv.主动提出；自愿给予*

offertodosth.

⁠主动提出做某事*

offersb.sth./offersth.tosb.

⁠给某人提供某物10.properadj.正确的；恰当的→

properly

⁠adv.正确地；适当地pushsb.todosth.pulloffertodosth.offersb.sth./offersth.tosb.properly11.explainv.解释；说明→

explanation

⁠n.解释；说明12.competev.竞争；对抗→

competition

⁠n.比赛；竞争→

competitor

⁠n.竞争者，对手；参赛者13.opinionn.意见；想法；看法*

inone’sopinion

⁠依……看explanationcompetitioncompetitorinone’sopinion14.usualadj.通常的；寻常的→

unusual

⁠（反义词）adj.不寻常的；特别的→

usually

⁠adv.通常地；一般地*

asusual

⁠像往常一样15.dealn.协议；交易v.应对；交易*

bigdeal

⁠重要的事*

dealwith

⁠对付；应付unusualusuallyasusualbigdealdealwith重点短语1.

alotofpressure/stress

⁠压力很大2.

familymembers

⁠家庭成员3.

workout

⁠成功地发展；解决4.

lookthrough

⁠快速查看；浏览5.

getonwith

⁠和睦相处；关系良好6.

cutout

⁠删除；删去7.

compare...with

⁠与……比较；与……对比8.

hangoutwithfriends

⁠与朋友闲逛9.

haveafightwith

⁠与……发生争执/吵架alotofpressure/stressfamilymembersworkoutlookthroughgetonwithcutoutcompare...withhangoutwithfriendshaveafightwith

⁠

⁠“Couldyouplease...？

”的用法（Unit3，P17）一看全国视野（探考向）（2023·黑龙江龙东）Peter，thefloorisdirty.Couldyouplease

sweep

⁠

（sweep）it？sweep二理知识锦囊（累知识）“Couldyouplease...？”是向别人发出邀请、委婉地请求某人去做某事的常用句型。其中please之后需接动词原形。“Can/Couldyouplease...？”的回答，肯定回答用“Sure./Certainly.”等；否定回答用“Sorry，Ican’t.”或“Sorry.”，然后陈述理由。不过在否定答语中就不可再用could，而要用can。

三测多维评价（练用法）根据汉语提示完成句子1.你可以派一辆车来机场接我吗？

Couldyouplease/Canyou

⁠sendacartotheairporttopickmeup？2.你能和我一起去购物吗？

Couldyouplease/Canyougoshopping

⁠withme？3.——你能打扫一下地板吗？——是的，当然可以。—

Couldyouplease/Canyousweepthefloor？

⁠—Yes，ofcourseIcan.Couldyouplease/CanyouCouldyouplease/CanyougoshoppingCouldyouplease/Canyousweepthefloor？4.——你能叠一下你的衣服吗？——对不起，我不能。—

Couldyouplease/Canyoufoldyourclothes？

⁠—Sorry，I

can’t

⁠.5.让我们去购物吧！

Let’sgoshopping！

⁠6.你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？

Wouldyouliketogotothemovieswithme？

⁠Couldyouplease/Canyoufoldyourclothes？can’tLet’sgoshopping！Wouldyouliketogotothemovieswithme？⁠

⁠borrow、lend、keep的用法（Unit3，P20）一看全国视野（探考向）1.（2018·贵州黔东南、黔南、黔西南三州）IborrowedanEnglishbookfrommyclassmate.（改为同义句）Myclassmate

borro⁠anEnglishbook

borr⁠me.lentto2.（2023·江苏连云港）LastweekSuzy

borrowed

⁠

（借）thefourgreatclassicalChinesenovelsfromHenry.3.A.borrowB.lendC.keep（2023·四川自贡）—CouldI

C

⁠thebookfortwomoredays？—Sorry，youcan’t.Youmustfollowourrules.borrowedC二理知识锦囊（累知识）borrow、lend、keep三个动词都与“借”有关，但具体搭配与用法如下：单词用法borrow指从别人那里借来东西（借入）；表示“向某人或某处借某物”时用borrowsth.fromsb./sp.lend指把东西借给别人（借出）；表示“把某物借给某人”时用lendsth.tosb.或lendsb.sth.keep表示“借多长时间”，是延续性动词；可用于完成时态，通常用howlong提问三测多维评价（练用法）一、根据汉语提示完成句子1.3天前，我借了这本书。I

borrowed

⁠thisbook3daysago.2.这本书我已经借了3天了。I

havehad/kept

⁠thisbookfor3days.3.我可以借一下你的自行车吗？MayI

borrowyourbike

⁠？4.我哥哥常常把我的电脑借给别人。Mybrotheroften

lendsmycomputertoothers

⁠.borrowedhavehad/keptborrowyourbikelendsmycomputertoothers二、用borrow/lend/keep的正确形式填空Lucy1.

borrowed

⁠abookfromTom，andshehad2.

borrow⁠thebookforthreedays.Thenshe3.

borrow⁠thebooktoherbrother.Theyplannedtoreturnitinaweek.borrowedkeptlent⁠

⁠compare的用法（Unit4，P30）一看全国视野（探考向）

Compared

⁠

（compare）withlastwinter，ourlifenowisverycomfortable.二理知识锦囊（累知识）compare表示“比较”时，其后搭配的介词容易混淆，区别如下：词条用法compare...with...把……和……做比较（常表示同类相比）compareAwithBcompare...to...把……比作……（常表示异类相比，即比喻）Compared三测多维评价（练用法）根据汉语提示完成句子1.我通常把我的爱好比作一个鼓励我继续前进的特别的朋友。Iusually

comparemyhobbyto

⁠aspecialfriendwhoencouragesmetomoveon.2.我的父亲总是把我和别人进行比较。Myfatheralways

comparesmewith

⁠otherpeople.3.我们仔细地比较了两个报告。Wecarefully

compared

⁠thetworeports.comparemyhobbytocomparesmewithcompared⁠

⁠explain的用法（Unit4，P27）一看全国视野（探考向）（2023·四川成都改编）WuYuren，a74-year-oldprofessorfromTongjiUniversity，explained

⁠difficultphysicsknowledgeinasimplewayonanApptohelpchildrendevelopinterestinscience.xplained二理知识锦囊（累知识）explain用作行为动词，意为“解释；说明”。其常见搭配如下：三测多维评价（练用法）根据汉语提示完成句子1.请给我一个机会向他解释我为什么上学迟到。Pleasegivemeachanceto

explaintohim

⁠whyIwaslateforschool.2.如果你在这儿的话，我可以自己向你解释。Ifyouwerehere，Icould

explaintoyou

⁠myself.3.我无法解释原因。Ican’t

explain

⁠thereason.4.律师向我们解释了新法律。Thelawyer

explainedthenewlawtous

⁠.explaintohimexplaintoyouexplainexplainedthenewlawtous⁠

⁠getonwith的用法（Unit4，P27）一看全国视野（探考向）（2023·天津改编）Lisa是一位受欢迎的班长。她与同学和老师相处得很好。Lisaisapopularmonitor.She

gets

⁠

on

⁠wellwithherclassmatesandteachers.getson二理知识锦囊（累知识）短语getonwith与getalongwith同义，主要有以下用法：三测多维评价（练用法）根据汉语提示完成句子1.你工作进展得怎么样？Howareyou

gettingonwith

⁠yourjob？2.那时他才发现和别人友好相处是非常重要的。Onlythendidhefinditimportant

togeton/alongwellwith

⁠others.gettingonwithtogeton/alongwellwith⁠

⁠waste的用法（Unit3，P22）一看全国视野（探考向）（2023·山东泰安）Toavoidwasting

⁠food，ourschoolhelda“ClearYourPlate”activity.asting二理知识锦囊（累知识）waste可用作名词和动词，具体用法如下：

awasteoftime意为“浪费时间，白费时间”，是固定短语；waste还可以表示“废料，废物”等，为不可数名词。waste还可用作形容词，意为“无用的；废弃的”等。如：wastepaper废纸，wastewater废水。三测多维评价（练用法）根据汉语提示完成句子1.请把地上的废纸捡起来。

Pickupthewastepaper

⁠onthefloor，please.2.我认为做家务不是浪费时间。Idon’tthinkdoingho