2022年广东省汕头市重点中学高一下学期期中考试英语试卷

2021-2022学年广东省汕头市重点中学高一下学期期中考试英语试卷注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AUSATODAY10Best’sReadersChoiceAwardsarecurrentlyonhold.Weaskedourreaderstovoteforthetopeventsacrosssixcategories:music,generalfood,specialtyfood,film,culturalandemergingindustries(foundedinthepastfiveyears).Thesearesomeofthewinners:KutztownFolkFestivalThenine-dayKutztownFolkFestivalisthenation’soldestcontinuouslyoperatedfolklifefestival,drawingvisitorsfromaroundtheglobe.AcelebrationofPennsylvaniaDutchcultureandheritage,theeventincludesAmerica’slargestquiltsale,200craftsmenandfolkartists,localfoodandfamilyfriendlyentertainment.WaterLanternFestivalTheWaterLanternFestivalisallaboutconnections.MagicalnightsincitiesacrosstheUSincludefood,livemusicandthebeautyofthousandsoflanternsdecoratedwithlettersoflove,hopeanddreamsfloatingonthewater.CarnavalofQuebecTheQuebecCarnavalisa10-dayfestivalofwinter,theworld’slargest,completewithnighlparades(庆祝游行）,iceskating,snowsculpturesandatoweringicepalace.Otherhighlighlsincludeicecanoeracing,asugarshackandiconicCariboudrinks.SanFranciscoChineseNewYearParadeSanFranciscohascelebrateditsChineseheritageduringitsannualChineseNewYearFestival&ParadesincejustaftertheGoldRush.Theparaderanksamongthebestintheworld,with100units,fancycostumes,fireworksanda268-footGoldenDragon,whichtakesateamof100menandwomentomarchthroughthestreets.Ithasbecomeoneofthelargesteventsofitskindintheworld,drawingsomethreemillionspectatorsandtelevisionviewers.21.WhatcanyouseeduringKutztownFolkFestival?A.Modernarts. B.Quiltsforsale.C.Traditionalweddings. D.Showsonstage.22.Whichfestivalismeanttopromoteinterpersonalrelationships?A.KutztownFolkFestival.B.CarnavalofQuebec.C.WaterLanternFestival.D.SanFranciscoChineseNewYearParade.23.CarnavalofQuebecandSanFranciscoChineseNewYearParadeboth______.A.includespecialfoodB.relatetoparadesC.takeplaceonlyatnightsD.havesculptureexhibitionsBThirteen-year-oldKayleehasalotoffriends—532,actually,ifyoucountupheronlinefriends.Andshespendsalotoftimewiththem.ButisitpossiblethatKaylee’sonlinefriendshipscouldbemakingherlonely?That’swhatsomeexpertsbelieve.Connectingonlineisagreatwaytostayintouch,theysay.However,someexpertsworrythatmanykidsaresobusyconnectingonlinethattheymightbemissingoutontruefriendships.Couldthisbetrue?Duringyourparents’childhoods,connectingwithfriendsusuallymeantspendingtimewiththemintheflesh.KidsplayedScrabblearoundatable,notWordsWithFriendsontheirphones.Whenfriendsmissedeachother,theypickedupthetelephone.Friendsmightevenwriteletterstoeachother.Today,mostcommunicationtakesplaceonline.Atypicalteensends2,000textsamonthandspendsmorethan44hoursperweekinfrontofascreen.Muchofthistimeisspentonsocialmediaplatforms.Infact,inmanyways,onlinecommunicationcanmakefriendshipsstronger,“There’sdefinitelyapositiveinfluence.Kidscanstayinconstantcontact,whichmeanstheycansharemoreoftheirfeelingswitheachother,”saysKatieDavis,co-authorofTheAppGeneration.Otherexperts,however,warnthattoomuchonlinecommunicationcangetinthewayofformingdeepfriendships.“Ifweareconstantlycheckinginwithourvirtualwords,wewillhavelittletimeforourreal-worldfriendships.”saysLarryRosen,aprofessoratCaliforniaStateUniversity.Rosenalsoworriesthattoday’skidsmightmistakethe“friends”onthesocialmediafortruefriendsinlife.However,intoughtimes,youdon’tneedsomeonetolikeyourpictureorshareyourblogs.Youneedsomeonewhowillkeepyoursecretsandholdyourhand.Youwouldliketotalkfacetoface.24.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tosummarizethetext. B.Tobringupadiscussion.C.Totellabouttruefriends. D.Toencourageonlinefriendship.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“intheflesh”meaninParagraph3?A.Inperson. B.Inadvance. C.Insilence. D.Inaword.26.WhatisKatie’sattitudetowardsonlinecommunication?A.Worried. B.Positive. C.Confused. D.Unconcerned.27.WhatviewdoesRosenhold?A.It’swisetoturntofriendsonline.B.It’seasiertodevelopfriendshipsinreality.C.Socialmediahelppeoplestaycloselyconnected.D.Teenagersneedfocusonreal-worldfriendships.CJapaneseresearchersaregeneticallychangingmosquitoessothattheybecomecarriersofavaccine(疫苗)thatcouldvaccinatemillionsforfree.Theresearchershavealreadygeneticallychangedamosquitospeciessothatitssaliva(唾液)containsaproteinthatactsasavaccineagainstleishmaniasis(利什曼病）,adeadlydiseasethatleadstoterribleskinproblems.Theteamconfirmedthatmicebittenbythegenetically-engineeredmosquitodevelopedanantibodytothedisease,meaningtheyhadbuiltupimmunity(免疫力).“Youwouldbevaccinatedwithoutevennoticing.Youwouldn’tneedanydrugandyouwouldn’tneedtoshowupatafixedplaceformassvaccinations,”saidShigetoYoshida,theassociateprofessorwhohasledtheresearch.“Repeatedbiteswouldonlystrengthentheimmunity.”Similarlythemosquitoescouldbeusedtohelptreatmalaria(疟疾),perhapsadecadefromnow,saidthemalariaexpert.Nearlyonemillionpeopledieeachyearfrommalaria----mostofthemarechildren----mainlyinAfricaandAsia,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.Nowaproblemisthatnoeffectivevaccineexists.“Thereisatreatmentthatworks,butitisbeyondthereachofpeoplewhoneedtoworryaboutfoodfortomorrow,”Yoshidasaid.However,Yoshidaexpectsthatthegenetically-engineeredmosquitowillfinallyhelpwipeoutthedeadlydiseaseinthedevelopingworld.“Technicallyspeaking,Ibelieveit’samatterof10yearsorso,butit’snotclearwhethersocietywouldacceptit,”hesaid.Anotherproblemisthatthegenetically-engineeredmosquitomaystillpickupandspreadtheinfectedbloodofapersonwhohasalreadycaughtmalaria.Yoshida’steamishopingitcansolvethisproblembydevelopingamosquitospeciesthatkillsthemalariavirusinsideitsownbody.28.Howhavescientiststurnedmosquitoesintocarriersofavaccine?A.Bychangingtheirgenes. B.Bykillingthevirusintheirbodies.C.Bylettingthembitemice. D.Byinjectingvaccinesintotheirbodies.29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageofusingmosquitoesasvaccinecarriers?A.It’sfreeofcharge. B.It’sconvenient.C.It’smoreeffective. D.It’sunnoticeable.30.Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Peoplewelcometheideaofusingmosquitoestotreatmalaria.B.Mosquitoescarryingvaccinesmaystillspreadmalaria.C.Itisnotlongbeforepeoplewillusemosquitoestogetridofmalaria.D.Amosquitocankillthemalariavirusinsideitsownbody.31.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto______.A.introduceapossiblesolutiontomalariaB.encouragepeopletousemosquitoestofightagainstdiseasesC.showthatJapanhasveryadvancedtechnologyD.callonpeopletohelppeoplesufferingfrommalariainAfricaandAsiaDWealreadyknowthatsaltcanleadtoheartdisease.Butcoulditalsoaffectourmind?Scientistsfoundthatahigh-saltdietcausedcognitiveimpairmentsinmiceanditcouldproducethesameeffectonhumans.CostantinoIadecola,directoroftheFeilFamilyBrainandMindResearchtheInstitute,saidtheyfedthemiceeighttosixteentimestheirnormalsaltintakeandthentestedthemice.Afteraboutthreemonths,themicehadabigchangeintheirbehavior.Miceareverycurious,andtheyliketolookfornewthings.However,thetestedmicelosttheabilitytoidentifyanormalobject.Whenthemicewereputintheircageandaskedtofindaquietspot,theydidnotrememberwherethequietspotwas.Thenwhenthemicewerebuildinganest,whichissomethingthemicedodaily,they,wereunabletodoso.Theresearchsuggestedhumanswouldexperienceasimilarresponse.StudieshaveshownAustralianseatarounddoubletherecommendedamountofsalteachday,mostofitcomingfromprocessedfood.Dr.LadecolasaidtheestimatedtwoteaspoonsofsalttheaverageAustralianeatseachdaycouldaffectthebrainfunctioninthelongterm.However,thedeclinemightnotbeasobviousasinthemice,whoweregivenextremelyhighlevelsofsalt.“Butprobablyoveryearsandperhapsdecades—asopposedtoafewmonthsforthemouse—evenlowerlevelsofsaltmayhaveaterribleeffect,”Drladecolasaid.“Highlevelsofsaltcauseseriousimmunechangesintheorgansinandaroundthestomach,resultinginanalmostautoimmuneeffectonthebrain.Itispartofagrowingbodyofevidencethatwereallyarewhatweeat,”BryceVissel,directoroftheCentreforNeuroscienceattheUniversityofTechnologySydney,said.“Thosechangesinturncauseallsortsofresponsesinthebody,whichovertimecertainlycontributetocognitiveimpairments.”32.Whichcandescribethetestedmice?A.Theyremainedquietallday. B.Theybecamesmarterthanever.C.Theyforgotsomeroutinethings. D.Theywerequickatfindingobjects.33.WhatdoweknowaboutAustralians?A.Theyignorehealthadvice. B.Theyhaveahigher-saltdiet.C.Theydislikeprocessedfood. D.Theyvaluetheirbrainhealth.34.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.StudiescarriedoutbyBryceVissel.B.Immunechangesbroughtaboutbysalt.C.Effectsofdailydietsonhumanbehaviors.D.Linksbetweensaltintakeandbraindamage.35.Whatdoesthetextsuggest?A.Brainhealthcountsmuch. B.Thebodynevertellsalie.C.Low-saltdietistobeadvocated. D.Heartdiseasescanbeprevented.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formostofus,stressisarealityandlearninghowtodealwithitisveryimportantinourgrowth.Afterall,stressgoeshandinhandwithchange,andourlifeisallaboutchange.___36___Weallbehaveabitdifferentlyaccordingtodifferenttypesofstress.Herearesomehelpfultipstohelpyou.Eatright.Researchshowssnackfoodsaretheworstthingstohavewhenyou’restressed.Besides,theyarenotthebestwaytokeephealthy.___37___Getmoving.Mostofoureverydaystressisrelatedtoschool,work,orahostofemotionalissues.___38___Whenwe’reunderalotofstress,ourbodiescandevelopalotofmuscletension.Regularexercisecanhelpyourelaxandfeelbetter.___39___Essayswon’twritethemselves,andgoodgradesrequirehardwork.Don’tthinkmuchaboutthebadthings.Giveyourselfcreditwhereyoucanimproveyourself.Stressisaclearsignofworry,butitdoesn’tmeanyoursituationishopeless.Speakup.Thebreakupofyourfavoriterockbandisn’ttheendoftheworld,butsometimeslifedoesthrowsomerealproblemsatyou.Butdon’tletthestresseatyouup.___40___Ifyou’refeelingseriouslydepressedandunabletokeepupwithschoolandlife,speaktoafamilymemberoryourdoctor.A.Staypositive.B.Talktoatrustedfriend.C.Peoplecouldnotthinkclearlywhenunderstress.D.Theolderapersonis,themorestressedhefeels.E.There’ssimplynowaytogetridofstresscompletely.F.However,abitofphysicalactivitycanhelpusworkitoff.G.Sure,everyonelikesalittlecomfortfood,butyou’llneedabalanceddiet.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenyoumeasurethedistancebetweentownsonfoot,walktoplacesthatyouthoughtcouldonlybereachedbycaranditwillchangeyourmind.IliveinthesuburbnorthofSanFrancisco,and___41___isconsideredthemaintransportationformostpeoplehere.Istillrememberhow___42___IwaswhenIfirstlearnedtodrive.Whiledrivingwithmusicgently___43___myheart,Iwasfilledwithjoy.However,astimewentby,thatexcitement___44___.Ifeareddriving,andfeltworriedandupset.EveryoneseemstobeinmywayespeciallywhenIamina___45___.Onenight,adeerranoutfromthedark,knockedagainstmymovingcar,and___46___acrossthestreet.Ididn’tdaretogetoutofmycartoseeher.Cryingonthe___47___,Ihatedmycar.WhenIjoinedthe21-daymindfulwalking___48___,Ibegantowalkwithamind.Duringthewalkingdays,Ismiledateverystranger___49___byme.IwalkedtothestreetsthatI___50___wouldnotpassthroughand___51___atinyfreelibraryonthesidewalk.Ibeganto___52___ifIhadreallylivedinthistownalltheseyears.It’sacompletely___53___townthatIknowsolittleabout!Ifeltdeeply___54___forthewalkingchallenge.MaybeIwillsetfootonfarlandsagain,yetIknow___55___isrighthereandrightnow.41.A.walking B.driving C.flying D.biking42.A.anxious B.surprised C.excited D.ready43.A.attacking B.hitting C.recovering D.comforting44.A.wentdown B.spreadout C.fellapart D.tookover45.A.mess B.way C.hurry D.corner46.A.came B.jumped C.landed D.ran47.A.wheel B.carpet C.street D.shelter48.A.organization B.challenge C.schedule D.competition49.A.standing B.judging C.passing D.dropping50.A.obviously B.actually C.normally D.formally51.A.discovered B.built C.decorated D.rented52.A.comment B.question C.argue D.check53.A.special B.romantic C.quiet D.new54.A.grateful B.hungry C.sorry D.doubtful55.A.fortune B.wonder C.concern D.pressure第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）第二部分英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Environmentalproblemsaresignificantinmanypeople’sminds,butit’s___56___youngergenerationwhoisparticularlyconcernedaboutthefutureofourplanet.Fromglobalschoolstrikesforclimatechangeaction___57___teenactivists(积极分子),kidsarenowtakingitintotheirownhands.___58___(inspire)thislovefortheearth,anewlawthatrequiresstudentstoplant10treeseachbeforegraduationwaspassedinthePhilippinesonMay15,2019.Inthepastyears,thePhilippines,anAsiancountry,___59___(lose)morethan30%ofitsforestcover.Luckily,175milliontreescouldbeplantedbystudentseachyearunderthe___60___(fantasy)program.Theactionofplanting10treesisextremelyeasyfortheaveragestudent,___61___theireasyandsmallactionswilladdupquicklytoworkwonders.Infact,thisisn’ttheonlypositiveprogram___62___(involve)theyoungergeneration.SomeschoolsinIndiamadestudentspaytheir“schoolfees”bycollectingandrecyclinganyplasticwaste___63___waslyingacrossthetown.Thisactivityhasraisedthe___64___(aware)ofplasticwasteinAsiancountries.Besides,moststudentstherearemakingschoollifegreenerbyremovingtheplugfrom___65___(it)powersupplyinsteadofjustturningoffthedevice,suchasthecomputerintheclassroom.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）如今，越来越多的学生带手机上学，这已经引起了人们的广泛关注。请你根据下表所提供的信息，写一篇80词左右的演讲稿，反映这一现象并发表自己的观点。大多数学生的观点部分老师及家长的观点1.便于和父母及朋友联系2.增加乐趣，丰富学生的生活1.分散注意力，不能集中精力学习2.花费高你的观点……核心要点提示：1.infavourof2.keepintouch3.concentrateon4.spendtoomuchmoneyon...注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节读后续写（满分25分）“Idon’twanttogo.”Mariamovedherfeetslightlyandhunghershoulders.Momcontinuedpackingabag.“We’regoingtoUncleRich’sinMontanaforsummervacation.He’syourfather’sbrother,andwegothereeveryyear.”Mariastormedoutofhermom'sroomandsaidangrily,“Nobodyeverthinksofme!”“That’senough.We'regoing.”repliedMomangrily,too.TheirAugustvacationcamesoonerthanMariawanted.Beforesheknewit,sheandthefamilywereatUncleRich’sfarm.UncleRichgrabbedherdadandhuggedhim.Mariagrabbedherbag,“I’mgoingtomyroom.”“Waitaminute,Maria,”saidUncleRich.“Ihavegotsomethingtoshowyou.”Atthebarn(牲口棚)Mariasawthehorse.Itwasofmediumsize.Ithadafine,softblackcoatandonewhitefoot.Therewasawidewhitepatch(斑)thatrandownthecenterofitsface.Mariafellinlovewithitatfirstsight.“Wow!Whatahorse!”“He'samustang,”saidUncleRich.“Mustangsarefreehorseswholiveinthewild.Wefoundhimstuckinthemuddownbytheriver.MyfriendandIropedhimandmanagedtogethimout.”Mariakickedthedirt.“CanIhelpcareforhim?”Thenshefeltherheartbeatinginexpectation.UncleRichlaughed.“Youbet.Themorehandswehave,thebetter.Justdon’tgettooattached.Oncewe’resurehe’sokay,wewillhavetosethimfree.Mustangswentfromoveramillionatthebeginningofthe20thcenturytolessthan17,000in1970.Theywerehuntedillegallyformeat.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Hearingthis,Mariafeltherstomachturn._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Mariahurriedbacktothebarninaflash._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）【答案】1-5CBBCA6-10AACCB11-15CBCCA16-20ABACC第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）【答案】21-23BCB【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了《今日美国》评选的十佳读者选择奖，列举了几个榜上有名的重大事件和活动。21.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“AcelebrationofPennsylvaniaDutchcultureandheritage,theeventincludesAmerica’slargestquiltsale,200craftsmenandfolkartists,localfoodandfamilyfriendlyentertainment.”可知，在这一节庆活动中包括全美最大型的被子展销。故选B项。22.细节理解题。根据第三段“TheWaterLanternFestivalisallaboutconnections.MagicalnightsincitiesacrosstheUSincludefood,livemusicandthebeautyofthousandsoflanternsdecoratedwithlettersoflove,hopeanddreamsfloatingonthewater.”可知，这一节庆活动中，人们可以通过灯笼来传达各种感情，借此增进人与人之间的联系。故选C项。23.细节理解题。根据第四段中“theworld’slargest,completewithnighlparades(庆祝游行）”和第五段中“SanFranciscohascelebrateditsChineseheritageduringitsannualChineseNewYearFestival&Parade”可知，两个事件中都有游行活动。故选B项。【答案】24-27BABD【解析】这是一篇议论文。现在的青少年把更多的时间用在网上交友，这样的现象让专家很担忧，专家认为青少年如不断地关注虚拟世界，他们将几乎没有时间与现实世界建立友谊，从而错过了真正的友谊。24.推理判断题。根据第一段“Thirteen-year-oldKayleehasalotoffriends—532,actually,ifyoucountupbothherInstagramfollowersandFacebookfriends,Andshespendsalotoftimewiththem.(13岁的凯莉有很多朋友——实际上有532个，如果你把她在Instagram上的粉丝和Facebook上的朋友都算上的话，而且她花了很多时间和他们在一起)”以及第二段中“ButisitpossiblethatKaylee’sonlinefriendshipscouldbemakingherlonely?(但有没有可能她网络上的朋友让她感到孤独呢？)”可推知，第一段阐述了一种社会现象，目的是提出一个讨论的话题，从而引出下文对于这样话题的观点。故选B。25.词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文“Duringyourparent’schildhoods,connectingwithfriendsusuallymeantspendingtimewiththem”以及后文“KidsplayedScrabblearoundatable,notWordsWithFriendsontheirphones.”可知，在你父母的童年时期，与朋友相处通常意味着亲自花时间与他们在一起。孩子们围着桌子玩拼字游戏，而不是在手机上玩WordsWithFriends。由此推知，intheflesh意为“亲自”。A.Inperson.亲自；B.Inadvance.提前；C.Insilence.沉默地；D.Inaword.总之。故选A。26.推理判断题。根据第五段“Infact,inmanyways,onlinecommunicationcanmakefriendshipsstronger,“There’sdefinitelyapositiveinfluence.Kidscanstayinconstantcontact,whichmeanstheycansharemoreoftheirfeelingswitheachother,”saysKatieDavis,co-authorofTheAppGeneration.(事实上，在很多方面，网上交流可以让友谊更加牢固。孩子们可以保持经常的联系，这意味着他们可以彼此分享更多的感受，”《应用程序世代》的合著者凯蒂·戴维斯说)”可推知，Katie对网络交流持乐观态度。故选B。27.推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Ifweareconstantlycheckinginwithourvirtualwords,wewillhavelittletimeforourreal-worldfriendships.”saysLarryRosen,aprofessoratCaliforniaStateUniversity.Rosenalsoworriesthattoday’skidsmightmistakethe“friends”onthesocialmediafortruefriendsinlife.(“如果我们不断地使用虚拟世界的语言，我们就没有多少时间来处理现实世界中的友谊了。加州州立大学教授拉里·罗森说。罗森还担心，现在的孩子可能会把社交媒体上的“朋友”误认为生活中真正的朋友)”可推知，Rosen认为青少年需要关注现实世界的友谊。故选D。【答案】28-31ACBA【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可能的疟疾解决方案。28.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Japaneseresearchersaregeneticallychangingmosquitoessothattheybecomecarriersofavaccine(疫苗)thatcouldvaccinatemillionsforfree.”（日本研究人员正在改变蚊子的基因，使它们成为一种疫苗的携带者，这种疫苗可以为数百万人免费接种）可知，科学家通过转变它们的基因将蚊子转化为疫苗的载体。故选A。29.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Nowaproblemisthatnoeffectivevaccineexists.”（现在的问题是没有有效的疫苗存在）可知，C项It’smoreeffective.（这是更有效的）不是利用蚊子作为疫苗载体的优势。故选C。30.推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Anotherproblemisthatthegenetically-engineeredmosquitomaystillpickupandspreadtheinfectedbloodofapersonwhohasalreadycaughtmalaria.”（另一个问题是，这种基因改造的蚊子仍然可能感染并传播已经感染疟疾的人的血液）可知，携带疫苗的蚊子可能仍然传播疟疾。故选B。31.推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Yoshida’steamishopingitcansolvethisproblembydevelopingamosquitospeciesthatkillsthemalariavirusinsideitsownbody.”（吉田的团队希望通过培育一种能杀死自身体内疟疾病毒的蚊子来解决这个问题）可知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一种可能的疟疾解决方案。故选A。【答案】32-35CBDC【解析】这是一篇说明文。科学家们发现，高盐饮食会导致老鼠的认知障碍，对人类也会产生同样的影响。文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及发现，研究表明，澳大利亚人每天摄入的盐大约是推荐量的两倍，其中大部分来自加工食品，指出高盐饮食会导致认知障碍，提倡低盐饮食。32.推理判断题。根据第二段中“However,thetestedmicelosttheabilitytoidentifyanormalobject.Whenthemicewereputintheircageandaskedtofindaquietspot,theydidnotrememberwherethequietspotwas.Thenwhenthemicewerebuildinganest,whichissomethingthemicedodaily,they,wereunabletodoso.(然而，被测试的老鼠失去了识别正常物体的能力。当老鼠被关进笼子，被要求找一个安静的地方时，它们不记得安静的地方在哪里。然后，当老鼠在筑巢时——这是老鼠每天都要做的事情——它们无法这样做了)”可推知，被测试的老鼠忘记了一些日常的事情。故选C。33.细节理解题。根据第三段中“StudieshaveshownAustralianseatarounddoubletherecommendedamountofsalteachday,mostofitcomingfromprocessedfood.Dr.LadecolasaidtheestimatedtwoteaspoonsofsalttheaverageAustralianeatseachdaycouldaffectthebrainfunctioninthelongterm.(研究表明，澳大利亚人每天摄入的盐大约是推荐量的两倍，其中大部分来自加工食品。Ladecola博士说，澳大利亚人平均每天摄入两茶匙的盐，长期来看可能会影响大脑功能)”可知，澳大利亚人的饮食含盐量高。故选B。34.主旨大意题。根据最后一段““Highlevelsofsaltcauseseriousimmunechangesintheorgansinandaroundthestomach,resultinginanalmostautoimmuneeffectonthebrain.Itispartofagrowingbodyofevidencethatwereallyarewhatweeat,”BryceVissel,directoroftheCentreforNeuroscienceattheUniversityofTechnologySydney,said.“Thosechangesinturncauseallsortsofresponsesinthebody,whichovertimecertainlycontributetocognitiveimpairments.”(悉尼科技大学神经科学中心主任BryceVissel说：“高浓度的盐会导致胃内外器官严重的免疫变化，几乎会对大脑产生自身免疫效应。有越来越多的证据表明，吃什么决定人的性格，这是其中的一部分。这些变化反过来会引起身体的各种反应，久而久之肯定会导致认知障碍。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲了盐摄入和脑损伤之间的联系。故选D。35.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scientistsfoundthatahigh-saltdietcausedcognitiveimpairmentsinmice»anditcouldproducethesameeffectonhumans.(科学家们发现，高盐饮食会导致老鼠的认知障碍，对人类也会产生同样的影响)”结合文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及发现，研究表明，澳大利亚人每天摄入的盐大约是推荐量的两倍，其中大部分来自加工食品，指出高盐饮食会导致认知障碍，提倡低盐饮食。可推知，文章提倡低盐饮食。故选C。【答案】36-40EGFAB【解析】本文是一篇说明文。压力是自然而来的，学会掌控它很重要。本文主要列举了一些处理压力的建议。36.根据后文“Weallbehaveabitdifferentlyaccordingtodifferenttypesofstress.Herearesomehelpfultipstohelpyou.(面对不同类型的压力，我们的表现也会有所不同。这里有一些有用的建议可以帮助你)”可知，后文提到了不同类型的压力，可知本句是在指出存在压力的问题，E选项中stress对应后文中stress。故E选项“没有办法完全摆脱压力”符合语境，故选E。37.根据上文“Eatright.Researchshowssnackfoodsaretheworstthingstohavewhenyou’restressed.Besides,theyarenotthebestwaytokeephealthy.(正确的饮食。研究表明，当你感到压力时，零食是最糟糕的东西。此外，它们不是保持健康的最好方法)”可知，本段主要是关于正确的饮食问题，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明正确饮食的重要性，G选项中food对应上文中foods。故G选项“当然，每个人都喜欢一些安慰性的食物，但是你需要一个平衡的饮食”符合语境，故选G。38.根据上文“Getmoving.Mostofoureverydaystressisrelatedtoschool,work,orahostofemotionalissues.(动起来。我们每天的压力大多与学校、工作或一系列情绪问题有关)”以及后文“Whenwe’reunderalotofstress,ourbodiescandevelopalotofmuscletension.Regularexercisecanhelpyourelaxandfeelbetter.(当我们承受很大压力时，我们的身体会产生很大的肌肉紧张。有规律的运动可以帮助你放松和感觉更好)”可知，上文提到了产生压力的原因，后文则说明了运动的好处，可知本句与上文构成转折，说明体育活动的好处。F项中的“physicalactivity”对上文“Getmoving”相对应。故F选项“然而，一些体育活动可以帮助我们消除疲劳”符合语境，故选F。39.根据后文“Essayswon’twritethemselves,andgoodgradesrequirehardwork.Don’tthinkmuchaboutthebadthings.Giveyourselfcreditwhereyoucanimproveyourself.Stressisaclearsignofworry,butitdoesn’tmeanyoursituationishopeless.(论文不会自己写好，好成绩需要努力。不要想太多不好的事情。在你可以提升自己的地方，要给自己肯定。压力是担心的明显标志，但这并不意味着你的情况是没有希望的)”可知，本段的中心内容是不要想太多不好的事情，即保持乐观，故A选项“保持乐观”符合语境，故选A。40.根据上文“Speakup.Thebreakupofyourfavoriterockbandisn’ttheendoftheworld,butsometimeslifedoesthrowsomerealproblemsatyou.Butdon’tletthestresseatyouup.(说出来。你最喜欢的摇滚乐队解散并不是世界末日，但有时生活确实会给你带来一些真正的问题。但是不要让压力吞噬了你)”以及后文“Ifyou’refeelingseriouslydepressedandunabletokeepupwithschoolandlife,speaktoafamilymemberoryourdoctor.(如果你感到非常沮丧，无法跟上学校和生活的节奏，告诉你的家人或你的医生)”可知，上文提到不要让压力吞噬自己，后文则提到告诉家人和医生，可推测本句是在建议和他人交谈来缓解压力。B选项中Talkto对应后文中speakto。故B选项“和值得信赖的朋友交谈”符合语境，故选B。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）【答案】41-45BCDAC46-50CABCC51-55ABDAB【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章对照汽车交通工具，讲述了作者参加步行挑战的经历和收获。41.考查动名词词义辨析。句意：我住在旧金山北部的郊区，开车被认为是这里大多数人的主要交通工具。A.walking步行；B.driving开车；C.flying飞行；D.biking骑自行车。根据后文“Istillrememberhow___42___IwaswhenIfirstlearnedtodrive.”以及“Whiledrivingwithmusicgently”可知，此处指“开车”。故选B项。42.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我第一次学开车时是多么的兴奋。A.anxious焦虑的；B.surprised吃惊的；C.excited激动的；D.ready准备好的。根据常识及后文“Iwasfilledwithjoy”可知，作者第一次学开车时是“兴奋的”。故选C项。43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：开车的时候，音乐轻轻抚慰着我的心，我满心欢喜。A.attacking攻击；B.hitting撞击；C.recovering恢复；D.comforting安慰。根据后文“Iwasfilledwithjoy”可知，开车时，听着音乐，非常开心，所以是“抚慰着”作者的心。故选D项。44.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的流逝，那种兴奋感减弱了。A.wentdown下降，减弱；B.spreadout展开；C.fellapart破裂，摔碎；D.tookover接管。根据常识及后文“Ifeareddriving,andfeltworriedandupset.”可知，作者的兴奋感下降了。故选A项。45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人似乎都在妨碍我（挡着我的路），尤其是在我赶时间的时候。A.mess混乱；B.way路；C.hurry匆忙；D.corner拐角。根据常识及前文“Everyoneseemstobeinmyway”和“especially”可知，越是在“匆忙赶路”的时候，越感觉别人在挡着自己的路。故选C项。46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，一只鹿从黑暗中跑出来，撞在我正在行驶的汽车上，然后跌落在了马路对面。A.came到来；B.jumped跳跃；C.landed跌落；D.ran跑。根据常识及前文“knockedagainstmymovingcar”和后文“acrossthestreet”可知，那只被汽车撞的鹿跌落在马路对面。故选C项。47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在方向盘上哭泣，我讨厌我的车。A.wheel轮子，方向盘；B.carpet地毯；C.street街道；D.shelter庇护所。因为作者开着车，根据前文“Ididn’tdaretogetoutofmycartoseeher.”可知，作者不敢下车，所以趴在方向盘上哭泣。故选A项。48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我加入21天正念行走挑战时，我开始用意念行走。A.organization组织；B.challenge挑战；C.schedule日程安排；D.competition比赛。根据后文“Ifeltdeeply___54___forthewalkingchallenge.”可知，作