中考英语基础知识专项解析之动词课件

动词定义：动词是用来描述主语的动作、行为或状态的词。动词在句子中作谓语，是句子不可缺少的部分。AGoodBoyLittleRobertaskedhismotherfortwocents."WhatdidyoudowiththemoneyIgaveyouyesterday?""Igaveittoapooroldwoman,"heanswered."You'reagoodboy,"saidthemotherproudly."Herearetwocentsmore.Butwhyareyousointerestedintheoldwoman?""Sheistheonewhosellsthecandy."AGoodBoyLittleRobertaskedhismotherfortwocents."WhatdidyoudowiththemoneyIgaveyouyesterday?""Igaveittoapooroldwoman,"heanswered."You'reagoodboy,"saidthemotherproudly."Herearetwocentsmore.Butwhyareyousointerestedintheoldwoman?""Sheistheonewhosellsthecandy."1.系动词2.实义动词（及物和不及物）3.助动词4.情态动词系动词：连系主语和表语的词。系动词有词义，但不能独立做谓语，用于说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。eg:她是一个学生。一、系动词Sheisastudent.“存在”类表示存在或具有某种特征或状态am,is,are“持续”类表示某种情况或状态的持续keep,stay,remain“变化”类表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态become,getturn,go感官动词与感官有直接的联系，后常跟形容词作表语soundlooktastesmellfeel1.Autumniscoming,theleaves______(变）yellow.2.Thegirl_______（看上去）beautiful.3.Thiskindofcloth_______（摸起来）soft.4.That________（听起来）good.turnlooksfeelssounds实义动词：表示主语的动作、状态和品质。实义动词可以独立做谓语，主要包括及物动词和不及物动词。eg:她打开了门。二、实义动词Sheopenedthedoor._________本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。

Ilikethebook.及物动词跟单宾语的及物动词：只跟一个宾语的及物动词。常见的有：accept,finish,enjoy,put,forget等。eg:我买了一个杯子。他向图书馆借了一本书。Iboughtacup.Heborrowedabookfromthelibrary.跟双宾语的及物动词：双宾语中一个宾语指人，称为间接宾语；一个宾语指物，称为直接宾语。双宾语中通常间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。有时，间接宾语可以放在直接宾语后面，但是需要加上介词to或for。常见的跟双宾语的及物动词：give,pass,promise,teach,tell,buy,offer,choose等他昨天给了我一些笔。一个朋友借给了我一些钱。玛丽买了一本字典给我作为礼物。Hegavemesomepensyesterday.Afriendlentsomemoneytome.Maryboughtadictionaryformeasapresent.2.___________自身意思完整，无需接宾语。

Birdscanfly.不及物动词常见的不及物动词：arrive,come,go,die,fall,happen,rise,swim,cry等我等了他两个小时，但是他没有出现。（appear）Iwaitedforhimfor2hours,buthedidn'tappear.这种事时常会发生。（happen）Thiskindofthinghappensallthetime.助动词本身无意义，只能和它后面的动词一起作谓语。用来帮助构成句子的时态、语态、否定句、疑问句、简略回答和强调句。三、助动词句式结构例句肯定句主语+助动词+一般动词HewillmovetoNewYork.否定句主语+助动词+not+一般动词Shedoesn'tknowmyphonenumber.疑问句助动词+主语+一般动词Areyoulookingforanewjob?(1)助动词be有下列几种形式：肯定否定原形(没有时态、人称、数的变化)bebenot现在式第一人称单数amamnot第三人称单数isisnot第二人称单、复数和第一、三人称复数arearenot过去式第一、三人称单数waswasnot第二人称单、复数和第一、三人称复数werewerenot分词现在分词(不分人称、数)beingnotbeing过去分词(不分人称、数)beennotbeen肯定句：Heisapoliceman.Heisn'tapoliceman.---Isheapoliceman?---Yes,heis.No,heisn't.否定句：疑问句：肯定句：Theywerepartners.否定句：疑问句：Theyweren'tpartners.---Weretheypartners?---Yes,theywere.No,theyweren't.肯定否定原形dodonot现在时第三人称单数doesdoesnot过去式diddidnot(2)助动词do主要帮助实义动词构成否定句、疑问句，有下列几种形式：肯定句：Helikesbasketball.Hedoesn'tlikebasketball.---Doeshelikebasketball?---Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn't.否定句：疑问句：肯定句：Theyworkedhere2yearsago.否定句：疑问句：Theydidn'tworkhere2yearsago.---Didtheyworkhere2yearsago?---Yes,theydid.No,theydidn't.肯定否定原形havehavenot现在式第三人称单数hashasnot过去式hadhadnot(3)助动词have主要是与过去分词构成各种完成时态，有下列几种形式：肯定句：Hehasreturnedfromabroad.Hehasn'treturnedfromabroad.---Hashereturnedfromabroad?---Yes,hehas.No,hehasn't.否定句：疑问句：(4)助动词will(过去式是would)和shall(过去式是should)主要用于构成将来时，有下列几种形式：肯定否定任何人称原形willwillnot过去式wouldwouldnot第一人称原形shallshallnot过去式shouldshouldnotWe

somerobotsathomeinthefuture,andthere

someintheoffice,too.A.willhave;willhaveB.have;willbeC.willhave;willbeD.willhave;are动词的各种形式英语中的动词有五种基本形式，即动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。动词原形一般现在时第三人称单数过去式过去分词现在分词playwatchmoveplanstudyplayswatchesmovesplansstudieswatchedwatchedmovedmovedplannedplannedstudiedstudiedplayedplayedplayingwatchingmovingplanningstudying1、Thefamousstarhas

(die)fornearly15years.2、Thisbeautifulskirt

(belong)tomysister.3、T