新教材2022新高考英语外研版一轮总复习学案：选择性必修第一册 Unit 5 Revealing nature

语基夯实・课前闯关

『高考重点词汇分类拓展记牢1

（一）高频重点词汇/分类记忆，用时少，功效高

I.阅读词汇・读懂

默想下面单词的含义，不会的在口中做出标记并核对识记。

□1.samplen.□2.ancestorn.

□3.primitiveadj,□4.giantadj.

□5.mythn.□6.1egendn.

□7.evolvev.

「自主核对区］

1•样本2.祖先；原种

3•原始的；低等的4•巨大的；特大的

5,神话6.传说；传奇

7•进化

II.核心词汇・练通

［辨词义•写词形］

1-seedn.种子；籽

2-declinev.减少

3-goatn.山羊

4•rootn.根

5-centimetren.厘米

6-linkv.把……联系起来；连接

7-characteristicn.特征；特性

［入语境•重活用］

1•（2020・新高考山东卷）Hegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspected（怀疑）

ofdrugdealing.

2,（2019•全国卷I）Biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20，000—25，000

polarbearsworldwide（遍及全世界）.

3•（2018•江苏卷）Somesocialappcompaniesweretoblame（责备）becausethey

didn*tadequatelychecktheirusers1registration.

Ill.拓展词汇,用活

1•distanta力.远的;远处的fdistance远方；距离

2•generatev.产生；仓ll造一generationn.产生；一代fgenerative加。能生

成的

3-detectv.发现；察觉fdetectionn.发现；觉察fdetective侦探fdetector

n.探测器

［语境活用］——用所给词的适当形式填空

1（2020•天津卷7月）Detective（detect）AshleyJonesworksatapolicedepartment

inEngland.

2-Thepreviousgenerationhasmadegreatcontributionstotheconstructionof

hydropower.Thehydropowerstationstheybuiltgeneratehundredsofmillionsofwatts

ofelectricityeachyear.（generate）

3-ThoughthereisalongdistancebetweenTomandhisfamily,theydon'tfeel

distant,(distant)

(二)高频短语串记/记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高

单元短语•再现

1-beadisgrace是耻辱，是丢脸的事

2・benativeto源于……的；原产于

3-answerthecall响应号召

4-inquestion正被讨论的

5-becrowdedwith…挤满了……

6-atthesametime同时

7-doresearchOIL..做关于……的研究

8-intheend最后，终于

9-afterall毕竟'终究

［语境活用］——选用左栏短语填空

1（2019•浙江卷6月）uAfterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays，”hesaid.

“Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthe

helpinghand.”

2•（江苏卷）Acenturyago,theresourceinquestionwasoil.

3•（全国卷I）Thoughnotverybig,therestaurantispopularinourarea.Itis

alwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.

4・（d匕京卷）Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheirefforts

willberewardedwithsuccessintheend.

5-HewasbomandgrewupinNorthernVirginia,buthisparentsarebothnative

toChina.

b会积累（日积月累，联想发散）

1.各种各样的“增加”和

“减少”

2.“责备、表扬”相关词

①onthedecline在

汇大观园3.“与……有关”短语全

下降

①blamev.&n.责接触

②ontheincrease正在增

备①belinkedwith/to

加

②scolds责备；斥责②beconnectedwith

©increaseby增长了

©criticizev.批评；指责③berelatedto

©increaseto增长到

©praisev.表扬；赞扬④beassociatedwith

⑤ontherise在上涨；在

©complimentn.恭维；⑤berelevantto

增加

赞美

⑥onthedecrease在减

少

（三）重点句型仿写/背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高

背佳句明句型巧仿写

What'smore，hehad

recentlyreceivedaletter

fromhisfatherpredicting1.（2019・全国卷H）当我们

thathewouldbe"a接到一个电+话说她入围

disgracetoyourselfandall

时，我们以为这是个玩笑。

现在分词（短语）作定语

yourfamily”.

Whenwegotacallsaying

而且，他最近刚收到父亲

shnwasshort-listed,wv

的来信，预言他会成为thoughtitwasajoke.

“自己及全家人的耻

辱”。

Theyoungmanin2.（2019•天津卷）现在大多

question,CharlesDarwin,数大学都为一年级学生开

wasageologistand设一门课程，专门帮助他

naturalist,fascinatedby

们在学业和个人事务上取

rocks,plantsand

得成功。

过去分词（短语）作定语

animals.

Mostcollegesnowoffer

这个被讨论的年轻人是查

first-yearstudentsacourse

尔斯・达尔文，他是一位地

speciallydesignedtohelp

质学家和自然学家，对岩

themsucceedacademically

石、植物和动物很着迷。andpersonally.

GregorMendelchoseto

3.（2020•全国卷I）我喜欢

studypeaplantsbecause

吃西红柿炒鸡蛋，我想它

theircharacteristicswere

“be+a春+todo”句型

easytocontrol.一定很容易做。

用主动形式表示被动意义

格雷戈尔・孟德尔选择研Ilikeeatingfriedtomatoes

究豌豆，是因为它们的特witheggs,andIthoughtit

mustbeeasytocook.

性容易控制。

Scientistshopetolearn

4.（2020•全国卷n）然后我

moreaboutthisplant

sothat引导目的状语从句可以抽出时间再学一次，

warningsystem，sothat

这样我们就可以每天一起

wecanuseittogrow

cropswithoutpesticides.练习了。

科学家们希望更多地了解ThenIcansparesometime

植物的警告系统，以便我tolearnitagain,sothatwe

们能在不用杀虫剂的情况ccnpracticetogetherevvey

下利用它种植庄稼。day.

创意课堂:多维突破

［以高考为导向强化学习能力1

词汇精研

UsuspectV.猜想；怀疑；觉得，认为n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯

［先练会］——单句语法填空

①Didn'tyounoticeanythingsuspicious(suspect)inhisbehaviour?

②Shesuspectedherhusbandoftakinghermoney.

③Theteacherwassuspiciousof/aboutthestudent'sfurtive(偷偷摸摸的)

behaviourduringtheexam.

［再写美］——句型转换

④Isuspecthimtobethethief,ashecan*texplainthesourceofhismoney.

flsuspectthatheisthethief,ashecan*texplainthesourceofhismoney.(宾语

从句)

囱囹困房

(l)suspectsb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人（做）某事

suspectsb.tobe/as...怀疑某人是....

(2)suspiciousadj.怀疑的；可疑的

besuspiciousof/about...对....怀疑

［佳句背诵］Hewassuspectedofstealingtheringatthepartylastnight,andthe

policewerelookingintothematter.

他被怀疑在昨晚的聚会上偷戒指，警方正在调查此事。

flcharacteristic。办特有的；典型的n.特色；特征，特性；典型

［先练会］——单句语法填空

①Quickdecisionischaracteristicofhim.

②Itischaracteristicofpeoplewhohaveonlyalittleknowledgetotry(try)to

pretendthattheyhavemuchknowledge.

［再写美］——微写作/一句多译

③这对双胞胎兄弟外表长得相似，但是性格很不一样。

Thetwinbrothersarealikeinappearancebutdiffergreatlyincharacter.

④忘记带礼物来正是他的特点。

a•Itischaracteristicofhimtoforgettobringapresent.(characteristicadj)

b•Itistypicalofhimtoforgettobringapresent.(typicaladj)

c-Itislikehimtoforgettobringapresent.(likeprep.)

囱画因国

(1)becharacteristicof特有的....的特征

Itischaracteristicofsb.todo某人会做....；....正是某人的作风(特点)

(2)charactern,性格；个性；特点：品行；(小说、戏剧中的)

人物；角色；文字，符号

［佳句背诵］Asisknowntousall,MountHuashanisfamousforitsbreathtaking

cliffsanditsuniquecharacteristics.正如我们所知道的，华山以它惊人的悬崖和

它独一无二的特征而出名。

［名师点津］becharacteristicof通常以表特色之意的词作主语，以具有该特色

的主体作介词of的宾语。

囱declinen.衰落；衰败；减少；下降v.衰落；减少；下降；婉言谢

绝

［先练会］——单句语法填空

①Lastyearsawadeclineintheeffectivedemandforsteel.

②(江苏卷)Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetoshare(share)foodwiththeir

children,whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.

③Beforethemigrantspoured,bothcountriesfaceddeclining(decline)numbersof

pupilsbecauseoflowbirthrates.

［再写美］一同义替换

④(2019•江苏卷)Butbeforetheycanbeassured,moreeffortsmustbemade,

becausethepopulationofthecraneinthewildisdeclining.

fButbeforetheycanbeassured,moreeffortsmustbemade,becausethe

populationofthecraneinthewildisonthedecline/indecline.

囱囹的房

(l)adeclinein在……方面下降

indecline/onthedecline在衰退中，走下坡路

(2)declinetodo...拒绝做……

［佳句背诵］(l)Therumourspreadthattheticketsalesinthatsuburbantheatre

wasindeclineforlackofmarvelousperformances.

有谣言在传，由于没有精彩的表演，那个位于郊区的剧院的票房销售正在下

降。

(2)Anincreaseincarshasresultedinthedeclineofpublictransport.

汽车的增加导致了公共交通的减少。

Qblamev.把....归咎于，责怪，指责n,责任；责备，指责

［先练会］——单句语法填空

①(2018，江苏卷满分作文)1亦unwiseforustoblametheincreaseofratingson

highconsumption.

②"wastheprofessorratherthanhisassistantthatwastoblame(blame)forwhat

hadhappenedinthelab.

③(全国卷［II)Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputthe

blameonthealarmclock.

［再写美］一句式升级

④(普通表达)Alicewasinlowspiritsbecauseshewasblamedforthebreakdown

oftheschoolcomputernetwork.

(高级表达)Blamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewas

inlowspirits.(分词作状语)

因时雨扃

blamesb.for(doing)sth.为（做）某事责备某人

blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人

betoblame（for...）应（为....）承担责任；该（为....）受责备

lay/puttheblameon...把责任归咎于...

［佳句背诵］Insteadofblamingeachother，weshouldcommunicatemoreandput

ourselvesinothers*place.

我们应该多交流、换位思考而不是相互责怪。

［名师点津］betoblame中不能用被动语态，该短语用主动语态表示被动含义。

linkv.&n.把……联系起来；连接；关联；联系；关系

［先练会］――单句语法填空

①（浙江卷）Therelationshipsyoudevelopnowwillprobablybelinkedtotheones

youvaluelater...

②（江苏卷）Sincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfrom

disasterslinked（link）toElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.

③（2019•全国卷H改编）ThepurposeoftheHUNCHprogramistolinkspace

technologywithschooleducation.

［再写美］——句式升级

④（普通表达）Thegirllikesyellowthatislinkedwithconfidenceandself-respect.

（高级表达）Thegirllikesyellowlinkedwithconfidenceandself-respect.（用非谓

语动词改写）

囱幽的房

link...to/with把....连接/联系起来

linkupwith...（与...）连接，（与....）结合

belinkedto/with...和....连接；和....有联系

［佳句背诵］Accordingtoarecentsurvey,fourmillionpeopledieeachyearfrom

diseaseslinkedtosmoking.

根据最近的一项调查，每年有四百万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

句型精析

U现在分词（短语）作定语

（教材原句）What'smore,hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfather

predictingthathewouldbe"adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”.

而且，他最近刚收到父亲的来信，预言他会成为“自己及全家人的耻辱工

［先练会］——单句语法填空

①Haveyougotanythingtosend(send)?

②Haveyoureadthenovelwritten(write)byDickens?

©Listen!Thesongbeingsung(sing)isverypopularwiththestudents.

［再写美］——微写作

④这座寺庙悠久的历史可以追溯到唐朝早期。

ThetemplehasalonghistorydatingbacktotheearlyperiodoftheTang

Dynasty.

⑤受邀参加招待会的客人中有一半是外国大使。

Halfoftheguestsinvitedtothereceptionwereforeignambassadors.

国国盼£3

(1)现在分词(短语)作定语表主动、正在进行；现在分词的被动式beingdone表

被动、正在进行。

(2)不定式todo作定语表主动、将来；不定式的被动式tobedone表被动、

将来；过去分词done表被动、完成；

注意：过去分词(短语)作定语和现在分词(短语)作定语的区别：

①语态不同：过去分词表示被动；现在分词表示主动。

Theyoungmanaccusedofstealingacarwasfromaforeigncountry.

被指控偷车的那个年轻人来自外国。

Theboyplayingfootballontheplaygroundismycousin.

正在操场上踢球的男孩儿是我表弟。

②时间关系上不同：过去分词表示动作已经完成；现在分词表示动作正在进

行。

变化着的世界

<thechangingworld

thechangedworld改变了的世界

［佳句背诵］Thereisasmallriverflowingthroughthefarm.那里有一条小

河流经农场。(2020•全国卷H)

制“be+M/.+todo”句型用主动形式表示被动意义

(教材原旬)GregorMendelchosetostudypeaplantsbecausetheircharacteristics

wereeasytocontrol.

格雷戈尔・孟德尔选择研究豌豆，是因为它们的特性容易控制。

［先练会］——单句语法填空/补全句子

①Today'shomeworkwaseasyto_do（do）,soMikefinisheditquicklyandwent

outtoplay.

②I'mafraidwe*llhavetoworkextrahours,forsomeproblemsarehardto

settle（很难解决）.

［再写美］——补全句子/句式升级

③（普通表达）Lastbutnotleast,Pmwarm-heartedandeasy-going.Pmeasytoget

alongwith（容易相处）.

④（高级表达）Lastbutnotleast,Pmsowarm-heartedandeasy-goingthatPm

easytogetalongwith,（so...that...句型）

回国团蝎

句型主语+be+ac”・+todo

特点常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义

常用的形容词有difficult、hard>easy>comfortable>pleasant>

使用条件interesting>exciting等

不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系

［佳句背诵］Amongthefourseasonsinayear,summerismyfavorite.The

morningairissogoodtobreathe.在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的。早

晨的空气呼吸起来感觉如此美好。

高效演练♦素养提能

1精题细做提能锤炼素养技能1

提能训练一阅读理解障碍词

I.语境辨义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义

1・（2020•全国卷HI）Agroupofsea-dwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsiahave

evolvedintobetterdivers,v.进化

2•（2019•江苏卷）Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsof

yearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhasarelativelysmallhead.

n.祖先

3•(江苏卷)Nowsimilarconcernsarebeingraisedbythegiantsthatdealindata,

theoilofthedigitalage.n.巨头

4(2020•江苏卷)Theytestedthemen'sfitnessandrestingmetabolic(新陈代谢的)

ratesandtooksamplesoftheirbloodandfattissue,n.样品

II.熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义

1•Tom,acowboyfromthecountryside,isadistantrelativeofthemayor.adj.远

房的；远亲的

2-IsampledthedelightsofGreekcookingfbrthefirsttime.。.品尝

3-Theancestorofthemodembicyclewascalledapenny-farthing(前轮大后轮

小的自行车).几(机器的)原型

4•(2020•天津卷7月)WeofferedtogiveSharonaridehome,butshedeclined,

sayingthatshefeltlikewalking?.谢绝

III.一词多义

1.根据语境选出characteristic的词性及含义

A.a4.典型的；独特的B.〃.特征；特点；品质

(l)Theneedtocommunicateisakeycharacteristicofhumansociety.B

(2)WindmillsareacharacteristicfeatureoftheMallorcanlandscape.A

2.根据语境选出decline的词性及含义

A.〃.减少；衰落B.a减少；下降C.a谢绝

(1)1offeredtogivethemaliftbuttheydeclined.C

(2)Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10%lastyear.B

(3)Librariesareaninvestmentforthefutureandtheyshouldnotbeallowedtofall

intodecline.A

3.根据语境选出distant的词性及含义

A-Q力遥远的B.。力：不同的

C.。的.冷淡的；疏远的D.。力.心不在焉的；恍惚的

(l)Therewasadistantlookinhereyes;hermindwasobviouslyonsomething

else.D

(2)Patsoundedverycoldanddistantonthephone.C

(3)Thetimewespenttogetherisnowadistantmemory.A

(4)Theirlifeseemedutterlydistantfromhisown.B

提能训练二话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)

1•补全要点句

①我们的祖先在远古时期就了解了某些种子的特性。(ancestor,primitive,seed,

characteristic)

Ourancestorslearnedaboutthecharacteristicsofcertainseedsinprimitivetimes.

②农学家一直做种子遗传变异的研究工作。(doresearchon)

Agronomistshavebeendoingresearchonseedgeneticvariation.

③毫无疑问这样做的目的是培育新型种子，提高粮食产量。(sothat…)

Thereisnodoubtthattheydoitsothattheycancultivatenewkindsofseedsand

improvegrainyield.

④这就需要把遗传学、育种学、分子生物学与进化理论结合起来，对原产于

特定区域的种子进行研究。(link,evolve,benativeto)

Itisnecessarytolinkgenetics,breeding,molecularbiologytoevolutionarytheory

tostudytheseeds.Thsseedsarenativetospecificregions.

⑤同时，也要对现有品种进行改良，使其产生出更大的效益。(atthesametime,

generate)

Atthesametime,itisnecessarytoimprovetheexistingvarietiestogenerate

greaterbenefits.

2•升级平淡句

⑥将句④改为形容词短语作定语的句子

Itisnecessarytolinkgenetics,breeding,molecularbiologytoevolutionarytheory

tostudytheseedsnativetospecificregions.

3•衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：nowadays,therefore)

Onepossibleversion：

Ourancestorslearnedaboutthecharacteristicsofcertainseedsinprimitive

times.Nowadays,agronomistshavebeendoingresearchonseedgenetic

variation.Thereisnodoubtthattheydoitsothattheycancultivatenewkindsofseeds

andimprovegrainyield.Therefore,itisnecessarytolinkgenetics,breeding,

molecularbiologytoevolutionarytheorytostudytheseedsnativetospecific

regions.Atthesametime,itisnecessarytoimprovetheexistingvarietiestogenerate

greaterbenefits.

提能训练三读后续写23——用形容词和副词增加细节描述

I.翻译实践（表示愤怒）

普遍表达：她很生气。

Shewasveryangry.

一概括描述：用适当的副词修饰形容词

Shefeltterribly/extremelyangry.

一细节描述：增加愤怒的原因和表现十句型

愤怒的表现：摔门（关）、踢门（开）、冲、说不出话等

句型：so...that…结构、o.・ing形式/o.-ed形式作状语

其他表愤怒的词汇：rage/fury（可和with连用）、furiously=angrily

她如此生气以至于冲出房间，怒气冲冲地关上门。

Shefeltsoangrythatshestormedoutoftheroom,slammingthedoorangrily

behindher.

她充满着愤怒，几乎一句话都说不出来。

Boilingwith/Filledwithrage/anger/fury,shewasbarelyabletosayasingle

word.

11.迷你语料库（语言描写——困境中的节日气氛）

FireworkslituptheskyaswecelebratedtheChristmas.Thefestivaloflights

providesjoyousmomentsofhopeandunity-despitesocialdistancing.Peoplehave

risenmagnificentlytothechallengesoftheyear,andIamsoproudandmovedby

thisquietandindomitablespirit,whichshonealampofhopeacrosstheworld.

课后达标二知能提升

［考点强化练习以练促学固本I

A卷——小题夯基练

I.语境填词

1-Thevirushaspreviouslybeendetected（检测）inanimalsformanyyears,but

thisisthefirstcasewhereitwastransmittedtoahumanbeing.

2-Whatonearthcanweusetogenerate（生产）powerwhenwerunoutofallthe

oilaroundtheworld?

3-Forpeopleinthiscountry,peacewasjustadistanK遥远的）hope.

4-Asaninternationallanguage,Englishactsasabridgelinking（联系）all

countriestogethernowadays.

5-Itisnousecuttingoffthebranchofatreeiftheroots（根）arediseased.

6-Accordingtoscientists,ourmentalabilitiesbegintodecline（下降）fromtheage

of27afterreachingthehighestlevelat22.

7•Snowaidsfarmersbykeepingheatinthelowergroundlevels,therebysaving

theseeds（种子）fromfreezing.

8-Oneofthecharacteristics（特点）thatmakemedifferentfrommanypeopleis

myadaptability.

9-Theworldmovesonbecauseofthosewhoareeagertodiscoverwhattheir

ancestors（祖先）did.

10­Doyouthinkyoucouldpossiblysendmeasample（样本）ofyournewest

product?

II.词形转换和动词的形式变换（用所给词的正确形式填空）

1•（2020•全国卷［IDOfflcialreportssuggestthatthenumberofhouseholdswith

threegenerations（generate）livingtogetherhadrisenfrom325OOOin2001to419000

in2013.

2•Thefactisthatmostpeopledidn'tbelievehistheoryofevolution（evolve）at

thattime.

3-Thegirlissoshythatshelikestokeepherdistance（distant）fromothers.

4-Greatattentionmustbepaidtolinking（link）theorywithpractice.

此固定用法和搭配（在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式）

1-Honestlyspeaking、weallsuspectedtheyoungmantobe/asapickpocket.

2•Howardhasdeclinedtocome（come）andinthatcasewecanasksomebody

else.

3-Ifyouloseyourjob,youllonlyhaveyourselftoblame(blame).

4-Anewroadwouldbeneededtolinkupwiththemainroad.

5・(2019・d匕京卷)Credibilityishardtoeam(earn)buteasytolose(lose),andthe

problemisonlygoingtogetharderfromhereonout.

6-ItisanherbnativetoChinathathasbeenusedforcenturiesasasweetener.

7•Afewdaysaftertheinterview,Ireceivedaletteroffering(offer)meadmission

totheuniversity.

8-Itischaracteristicofhimtosaythatinsuchasituation.

IV.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译

1•在我看来，一个难以取悦的人一定很难与之共事。

Inmyopinion，amanwhoishardtopleasemustbedifficulttoworkwith.

2・在农村工作的那些同志将于后天回来。

Thecomradesworkingicthecountrysidewillcomebackthedayaftertomorrow.

3•Thefellowwassuspectedofkillinghiswife,sohewasquestionedbythe

police.

—Suspectedofkillinghiswife,thefellowwasquestionedbythepolice.(过去分

词短语作状语)

4-Nobodywantstomakefriendswiththeboywhoissuspectedofhavingstolen

money.

fNobodywantstomakefriendswiththeboysuspectedofhavingstolen

money.(过去分词短语作定语)

5•调查完后，他们把事故归咎于他。

(l)Aftertheinvestigation,theyblamedhimfortheaccident.(blamev.)

(2)Aftertheinvestigation,theyputtheblameonhimfortheaccident.(blamen.)

(3)Aftertheinvestigation,hewastoblamefortheaccident.(betoblame)

B卷——大题提能练

I.阅读理解

A

(2021•北京东城区模拟)MathewWhite,anenvironmentalpsychologist,isona

missiontogiveMotherNaturetherespecthethinksshedeserveswhenitcomesto

humanhealth.Fordecades,scientistsandhealth-careprofessionalshaverecognized

thatexposuretogreenspaces,suchaspublicparksorforests,islinkedwithlowerrisks

ofallsortsofillnessescommonintheworld.Experimentalworkhasdemonstrated

variousphysiologicalresponsesthatoccurwhenpeoplespendtimeinnatural

environments:bloodpressuredrops,heartratedecreases,immunefunctionimproves,

andthenervoussystemdirectsthebodytorestanddigest.

Ashumansincreasinglypopulateurbanizedareas,theyarespendinglessandless

timeinnaturalenvironments."Butbeforedoctorscanstartadvisingtheirpatientsto

headtothenearestpark,thereisanimportantoutstandingquestionsaysWhite.

“Howmuchtimeinnaturedoyouneedtogeneratetheseapparentbenefits?”Most

oftheresearchthathaslinkedhealthoutcomeswithexposuretothenaturalworld

didn'tusefrequencyordurationofparkvisits,butrathertheamountofgreenspace

withinacertaindistanceofaperson'shome.Whitesays»”Butit'snotsomuchwhere

youlive;it*swhetheryouuseitornot.”

Sohecollecteddatatoestimatewhatdose（剂I量）ofnaturewasneededtoshow

benefitstoaperson'shealth.White'sgroupfoundtheanswer:Spendingatleasttwo

hoursinnatureperweekwasstronglycorrelatedwithself-reportsofbeingingood

healthorhavinghighwell-being."Iwasverysurprised,tobehonestsaysWhite,

whohadbeenexpectingamuchlongertime."Wehadnoideathatsuchaclear

thresholdoftimeperweekwouldemergefromthedata.”

Hewasfurthersurprisedtolearnthatitdidn'tseemtomatterhowmanytripstoa

parkpeopletook,solongastheygotintheirtwohoursperweek.Itcouldbealong

visitoneday,acoupleofhour-longtrips,threevisitsof40minutes,orfourhalf-hour

excursions.Heandhiscolleaguesspeculatethat,ifnature'sapparenthealthbenefitsare

aresultofbeingabletode-stress,thenwhateverpatternofgreenspaceexposurefits

one'sscheduleisprobablythebestwaytoachievethatgoal.

Health-carerecommendationsfbrpeopletospendtimeinnatureareprobably

yearsaway,butthemovementhasbegun.Severalorganizationsaroundtheworldare

workingtopromoteawarenessofnature'scontributiontohealth.Someresearchershave

usedtheterm“adoseofnature”toevaluatetheamountofexposureneededtogain

benefits."Thatwaskindofthedeliberatemedicalizationofthelanguagearound

natureandhealthysaysWhite.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们在自然环境中会产

生各种生理反应：血压下降、心率下降、免疫功能改善、神经系统引导身体休息

和消化。每周至少在自然中待上两个小时与良好的健康状况或拥有高幸福感的自

我报告密切相关。

1•White'sresearchfocusedon.

A•requiredamountofgreenspace

B.benefitsfromtheexposuretonature

C-necessarytimelengthofnaturevisits

D.physicalresponsestooutdooractivities

C详细分析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的usaysWhite.Howmuchtimein

naturedoyouneedtogeneratetheseapparentbenefits?'Mostoftheresearchthat

haslinkedhealthoutcomeswithexposuretothenaturalworlddidn*tusefrequencyor

durationofparkvisits,butrathertheamountofgreenspacewithinacertaindistanceof

aperson'shome”可知，对于以前大部分的研究来说，都没有研究公园的参观频率

和持续时间。由此可推知，怀特的主要研究内容就是对于公园绿地的使用频率和

使用时间。故C项necessarytimelengthofnaturevisits（访问自然的必要时长）符合

以上推理。故选C。

2•Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"thresholdoftime“inparagraph3probably

mean?

A-Maximumtime.B.Minimumtime.

C-Adequatetime.D.Averagetime.

B详细分析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“‘Iwasverysurprised,tobe

honestsaysWhite,whohadbeenexpectingamuchlongertime.v可知，原本怀特

是认为大家会花很多时间在大自然中，但是数据却让他大吃一惊。由此可推知，

人们每周花在大自然中的时间是非常少的。故B项Minimumtime.（最少时间）就是

画线短语想表达的含义。故选B。

3-Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthatWhite.

A•isconfidentabouthismission

B-iswillingtocooperatewithothers

C•haspersuadedotherstoaccepthisidea

D.hasadoptedthetermforhisresearchresult

A详细分析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的^Someresearchershaveused

theterm'adoseofnature5toevaluatetheamountofexposureneededtogain

benefits.4Thatwaskindofthedeliberatemedicalizationofthelanguagearound

natureandhealth/saysWhite.”可知，怀特对于其他研究人员所得出的结论表

示不赘同。由此可推知，怀特更加相信自己的观点。故选A。

4-What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?

A•RespectforNature

B.NatureasMedicine

C•PresentfromNature

D.MissioninNature

B详细分析：标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了人们在自然环境中会产生各种

生理反应：血压下降、心率下降、免疫功能改善、神经系统引导身体休息和消化。

每周至少在自然中待上两个小时与良好的健康状况或拥有高幸福感的自我报告密

切相关。所以B项NatureasMedicine（自然作为药物）就是本文的最佳标题。故选

Bo

B

（2021•安徽池州质检）TheWallStreetJournalrecentlypublishedanexcellent

articlepennedbyWendyBoundsonahottopichereatMNN:t