2022年湖南省长沙市麓山国际学校高一下学期入学考试英语试题

2021-2022学年湖南省长沙市麓山国际学校高一下学期入学考试英语试题第二部分阅读（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFoodfestivalsareacommonoccurrenceintheUKandtakeplaceinallsortsofplacesandatallsortsoftimes.Whateveryourtaste,there’safoodfestivaltomatch—nomatterhowspecialized.1.MeatopiaThisthree-day,London-basedfestivaltakesplaceattheendofAugustandisameatlover’sparadise.Inadditiontoarangeoflegallysourcedmeatproducts,fromjuicyburgerstotendersteaks,attendeescanlistentolivemusic,watchbutcherydemonstrations,andattendinformalmeat-basedworkshops.2.TheNationalHoneyShowIfyouhaveasweettooth,thenitcouldbethattheNationalHoneyShow,whichstartedin1921andisthelargesteventofitskind,istheplaceforyoutobe.Thisthree-dayeventattractsmanylocalentrieswhoshowcasetheirsweetgoldenhoney,someofwhichissoldglobally.3.TheOrangeSauceFestivalHaveyouheardaboutafestivalthatisdevotedonlytoorangesauce?HeldinCumbria,thissweet,fragrantfestivalhasbeenrunningfor3years.Whatattractspeoplemostisacompetitiontofindthebesthomemadeorangesauce.Therearethousandsofparticipantsfromover30differentcountriesacrosstheglobe,bringingtheirlocalsnackstosharehere.4.TheGingerandSpiceFestivalIfyou’dprefersomethingwithalittlemorekicktoit,thenyoucouldattendTheGinger(姜)andSpiceFestivalheldinMarketDrayton.Unlikeotherfoodfestivals,itcelebratesitstown’shistoricconnectiontoRobertClive,whoreturnedfromIndiawithginger.Becauseofthis,theyspecializeinbakinggingerbread,butalsosellarangeoftraditionalspicesfrommildtohot.21.WhatdoMeatopiaandtheNationalHoneyShowhaveincommon? A.Theyareofthesameduration. B.Bothofthemholdworkshops. C.BothofthemoriginatedfromLondon. D.Bothofthemhavealonghistory.22.Ifyouareinterestedinforeignfood,whichfestivaldoyoulikebest? A.TheMeatopia. B.TheGingerandSpiceFestival. C.TheNationalHoneyShow. D.TheOrangeSauceFestival.23.WhatisspecialabouttheGingerandSpiceFestival? A.Ithassomethingtodowithahistoricfigure. B.ThegingerusedinthefestivalisfromIndia. C.Itsellsspicyfood. D.ThefoodiscookedbyRobertClive.BWhenyouchooseafriend,youshouldbeverycareful.Agoodfriendcanhelpyoustudy.Youcanhavefuntogetherandmakeeachotherhappy.Sometimesyouwillmeetfairweather(晴天)friends.Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluck,butwhenyouaredown,theywillrunaway.HowdoknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriend?Ilookforcertainqualitiesofcharacter,especiallyunderstanding,honestyandreliability(可靠).Aboveallelse,Ilookforunderstandinginafriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.Heisnotquicktojudge.Instead,hetriestolearnfromothers.Heputshimselfintheotherperson’splace,andhetries,tothinkofwaystobehelpful.Heis,alsoagoodlistener.Atthesametime,however,agoodfriendishonest.Hedoesnotlookforfaultsinothers.Henoticestheirgoodpoints.Inshort,goodfriendswillbehonesttoeachotherandaccepteachother.Anotherqualityofafriendisreliability.Icanalwaysdependonagoodfriendifhetellsmehewillmeetmesomewhereatacertaintime.Icanbesurethathewillbethere.IfIneedafavour,hewilldohisbesttohelpme.IfIamintrouble,hewillnotrunawayfromme.Thereisafourthqualitythatmakesafriendspecial.Aspecialfriendissomeonewithwhomwecanhavefun.Weshouldenjoyourlives,andwewouldenjoyourfriendship.ThatiswhyIespeciallylikefriendswhoarefuntobewith.AgoodfriendlikesthesamethingsIlike.Weshareexperienceandlearnfromeachother.Agoodfriendhasagoodsenseofhumour,too.Helikestolaughwithme.Thatishowweshareinthejoyofbeingfriends.AndIknowthatheislookingforthesamequalityinme.WhenImeetsomeonewhoisreliable,honest,andunderstanding,IknowI’vefoundafriend!24.Ifyouhavefairweatherfriends,whatwillhappentoyou? A.Youwillbecomerich. B.Youcanbesurethatyougetrealfriends. C.Youwillberefusedwhenyougetintotrouble. D.Theywillgiveyouallthattheyhavewhenyouneedhelp.25.Whichisthemostimportantthewriterthinksinchoosingafriend? A.Honesty. B.Reliability. C.Understanding. D.Asenseofhumour.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“down”inParagraph1mean? A.Cloudy. B.Unusual. C.Unhappy. D.Pleased.27.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout? A.thequalitiesofafriend B.wheretochoosefriends C.howtogetalongwithfriends D.theimportanceofhavingafriendCChoosingwhattowearcanbeatrickyproblem,especiallyifyou’reafashionvictim.Tryingtokeepupwiththelateststylesinvolvesregularvisitstotheshopsandsometimeswastingmoneyonexpensivedesignerclothes.Butwhenthefashionchanges,theseclothesareforgotteninthebackofcupboardsgatheringdust,orjustgetthrownaway.Therearemanystoresthatnowoffercheap‘fastfashion’—low-priceitemsthatimitatethestylesofmoreexpensivedesignerbrands.Environmentalistsareangeredbytheamountofenergyinvolvedinmakingtheseclothesandthatmanyofthemaremadefromnon-recyclablematerials.Thismeansthatitemsgointolandfillorarejustincinerated,whichisresponsiblefor20%oftheworld’swastewater,and10%ofcarbonemissions.Thisissomethingthefashionindustryisbecomingmoreawareofandhasledtoanewcropofbiomaterialsthatreplacewastefultextileslikecottonandleather.ExamplesincludePiñatex,aleather-likesubstancemadefromdesertedpineappleleaves.It’sbeenusedincollectionsbyHugoBossandH&M.Andthere’smycelium,therootstructureofmushroomthat’sbeingusedtocreatefood,packagingandtextiles.Cottonisaveryresource-intensecroptogrow.EleanorLawriesays“about15,000litersofwaterarerequiredtomakeonepairofjeans.”So,buyingorganiccottonisabetterchoice.AndthereisalsoTencel,alsoknownasLyocell,anaturalproductthat’snowgrowinginpopularity.“Butcreatingsustainabletextilesisonlypartofthebattle.Buyingsecondhandandbuyingfewerclothesaretheobviousenvironmentallyfriendlychoices.”saidDr.RichardfromLeedsSchoolofDesign.“Idon’tthinkyoushouldconsiderbuyinganyitemofclothingunlessyoucommitto30wears.”28.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect? A.Mostpeoplearenotgoodatchoosingwhattowear. B.Thefashionindustrytrickspeopleintobuyingfashionableclothes. C.Environmentalistsareangryaboutbuyingfashionableclothes. D.Thecheapfastfashionindustryshouldbetoblame.29.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedwordinparagraph2? A.donated B.recycled C.burnt D.stored30.Whatclothesisanenvironmentalistmostlikelytobuy? A.Clothesmadeofcotton. B.Clothesmadeofmushroom. C.Clothesmadeofleather. D.ClothesmadeofTencel.31.WhatcanwelearnfromDr.RichardBlackburn’sword? A.Clothesmadeofcottonwillbenefittheenvironment. B.Don’tbuynewclothesunlessyoumakefulluseoftheexistingones. C.Second-handclothescanbeunhealthyforwearers. D.Sustainabletextileswillsolvetheenvironmentalproblems.DAUSgovernmentstudyhasfoundthatfacialrecognitiontechnologyisgettingbetteratidentifyingpeoplewearingmasks.ThestudyispartofanongoingresearchbytheUSNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST).Theagencyhasexaminedtheeffectivenessofmorethan150facialrecognitionsystemsonpeoplewearingfacecoverings.Thesystemsarepoweredbymachinelearningalgorithms(算法).ThefirstresultsofthestudywereannouncedinJuly,ashealthofficialsacrosstheworldurgedpeopletowearmaskstolimitthespreadofCOVID-19.Newfindingswerereleasedthisweek.Policeagencieshavelongusedfacialrecognitiontechnologytosearchforandhelpcatchcriminals.Itcanalsobeusedtounlockphonesorotherelectronicdevices.Somerobotsusefacialrecognitiontechnologytorecognizethepeopletheyarecommunicatingwith.However,thewideuseofmasksinpublichascreatedmajordifficultiesforsuchsystems.Thestudylookedatfacialrecognitionsystemsalreadyinusebeforethepandemic.Italsolookedatsystemsspeciallydevelopedtoworkonmaskedfaces.TheNISTsaiditprocessedatotalof6.2millionimagesfortheexperiment.Peopleintheimageswerenotactuallywearingmasks.So,theresearchersdigitallyaddeddifferentmaskshapestofacesinthepicturesforuseinthestudy.Insomecases,upto70percentofaperson’sfacewascoveredintheimages.Overall,theresearchshowsthetop-performingfacialrecognitionsystemsfailtocorrectlyidentifyunmaskedindividualsabout0.3percentofthetimeandthefailureraterosetoabout5percentwithmaskedimages.Manyofthelowerperformingalgorithms,however,hadmuchhighererrorrateswithmaskedimages—ashighas20to50percent.Inthelatestfindings,researchersincludedresultsfrom65newfacialrecognitionsystemsthathavebeendevelopedsincethestartofthepandemic.“Someofthesesystemsperformed‘significantlybetter’thantheearlierones,”MeiNgan,aleadresearcherontheproject,saidinastatement.Thestudyalsofoundround-shapedmasks—whichcoveronlythemouthandnose—ledtofewererrorsthanwideronesthatstretchacrossthecheeks.Thenewstudyalsoranteststoseewhetherdifferentcoloredmaskswouldaffecterrorrates.Theteamusedred,white,blackandlightblue.Theresearchfindingssuggestedthatgenerally,theredandblackmasksledtohigherfailureratesthantheothercolors.32.Howdoestheauthormainlypresentthestudyfinding? A.Bygivingdefinitionsandexamples. B.Bygivingexamplesandabriefdescription. C.Bypresentingdataandmakingacomparison. D.Bygivingdefinitionsandpresentingdata.33.Accordingtothestudy,whathasaffectedtheeffectivenessoffacialrecognition? A.Thespeedofthemachinelearningalgorithms. B.Theoperators’skillinperformingalgorithms. C.Thenumberofthetestedpeople. D.Thediversityoffacecoverings.34.Whoisthemostdifficulttorecognize? A.Agirlwearingawhiteround-shapedmask. B.Aladywitharedmaskstretchingacrosshercheeks. C.Amanwearingalightbluemaskcoveringhismouthandnose. D.Amanwearingablackmaskwithhisnoseandmouthcoveredup.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefacialrecognitionsystems? A.Objective. B.Negative. C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Oneoftheproblemsdamagingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway.Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswethrowawayise-waste—electronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.36,butalsobecausewelacktheskillstorepairthemevenifweknowtheirvalue.Manymillionsoftonsoftelevisions,phones,andotherelectronicequipmentareabandonedeachyear.AUNreportclaimsthe50milliontonsofe-wastegeneratedeveryyearwillbemorethandoubleto110milliontonsby2050,makingitthefastestgrowingwastestreamintheworld.37.Recently,there’sagrowingtrendforrepaireventsandclubswhichcouldbepartofasolutiontothegrowingamountofelectricalandelectronicjunk.TheBBCvisitedaRestartProjectinLondon,whichisoneofmanyfoundaroundtheworld.Oneofitsoperators,FrancescoCalo,saidthat“Thisprojectmakestotalsense.38.Besidesithelpspeoplewhocannotaffordtogetridofitemsthathavedevelopedafault.”39.AnexperimentattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinvolvesextracting(提取)thesematerialsfromelectronicgadgets(小工具).Apartfromjustbeingrecycled,theEuropeanUnion,forexample,istryingtoencouragemanufacturerstoreusesomeextractedelectroniccomponents.40.Withphonestypicallycontainingasmanyas60elements,thiscouldbepartofthesolutiontoourappetitefornewtechnology.A.Firstofall,thisprojectprolongsthelifeofelectricobjects.B.Itispartlybecauseit’scheapertoreplacethemthanfixthem.C.Itisreportedthatmanypeoplehavemadeabigfortunefromit.D.Nowsolutionshavebeenputforwardtogivethise-wasteanewlife.E.Soit’sthoughtthatdoingthiscouldbemoreprofitablethantraditionalrecycling.F.Asmanyelectricalitemscontainvaluablemetals,anothersolutionise-wastemining.G.Oneofthereasonsisthatpeopledon’tthinktheirelectronicitemsarefashionableenough.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Untilafewyearsago,Ihadwhatmostpeoplewouldprobablycallagoodlife,forIhada(n)41jobthatpaidthebills;IhadagoodfamilythatIwasreallycloseto,andIhadaplacetoliveinandmoneyinthebankfortripsand42,andtherewasnothingmuchwronginmylife.43,Iwasbored.Iwantedmore.Iwantedtolive44andloudlyandmakesharpmemoriesinsteadofthe45onesofeverydaylife.ButIwasalittle46.Ihadneverhadany47inmyself.Asachild,evenbuyingsomethinginashopcausedmeagreatdealof48,andeventhoughIdidgetbetterasIgotolder,Inever49thatchildhoodshyness.AndItriedeverything,likereadingbooksaboutconfidence.Itooktinystepsleadingtomygoals.Butnoneofthemreally50.SoIdecidedthatthesmallstepsweren’tenough.Isignedupfortheinternship(实习期)ofteachingEnglishinVietnam,ahugestepwhichseemsimpossible,onethat51measmuchasitexcitedme.AndthenthedaycameandIleftmyhomeandmylovedones.Iwasaloneinacountrywherethefoodwasstrangeandthestreetsweredirty.IhadnoideawhetherIcould52everythingthatthisverystrangeenvironmentwouldthrowatme.IspentmorethanfivemonthsinVietnam,teaching,exploringandlaughing,I’dlearntto53myself,myskills,myabilitiesandmydecisions.Afterthat,Ireturnedhome54,eventomyself,letalonetoothers.Thefearthathadcontrolledmylifeandtheself-doubtwerecompletely55.Thatonebigchancechangedeverythingforme,andinme.41.A.permanent B.temporary C.informal D.demanding42.A.scholarships B.rewards C.treats D.fines43.A.Thus B.Moreover C.Otherwise D.However44.A.easily B.brightly C.peacefully D.modestly45.A.sweet B.unforgettable C.ordinary D.entertaining46.A.addicted B.innocent C.outgoing D.afraid47.A.pride B.confidence C.enthusiasm D.shame48.A.stress B.excitement C.confusion D.surprise49.A.addedto B.talkedabout C.gotover D.sufferedfrom50.A.continued B.survived C.failed D.helped51.A.ignored B.impressed C.annoyed D.terrified52.A.adopt B.handle C.transform D.obtain53.A.trust В.accept C.excuse D.forgive54.A.unconcerned B.unsatisfied C.unchangeable D.unrecognizable55.A.pickedup B.brokendown C.wornaway D.putoff第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China’sTeaVillagesInmostChineseteavillages,Marchisthetimeofyearinwhichlocalsstarttopickandprocesstea.Theusuallyquietvillages56(sudden)becomebusycentersofactivities,aspeopletakeoutspecialtoolsandprepare57teaprocessing.Insomevillages,localresidentsholdtraditionalceremonies,58(thank)heavenfor59(it)blessing.Thepriceoftea60(pick)inMarchisextremelyhighbecauseitisfresh,tenderandcontainsmultipletraceelements.China61(be)famousforteaproductionsinceancienttimes.Ofthegoodstransportedandtradedalong62oldSilkRoadlinkingChinatotheMiddleEastandEurope,theimportanceofteawasmatchedonlybysilk.ChinaproducesOolong,black,green,white,yellowanddarktea.TheOolong,greenandblack63(vary)aremostnotablefortheirhighquality.MostofChina’steavillages64(find)inremotemountainousareasinthecountry’ssouthandsouthwest,65thebeautifulsceneryisoftenhiddenunderclouds.第四部分写作（共两节，满分30分）第一节（满分10分）66.假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Jamie发邮件告诉你他对中国传统文学非常感兴趣，但是在阅读时遇到了很多困难，比如很多汉字不认识，读不懂文章的意思等，他希望得到你的帮助。请用英文给Jamie回邮件。内容要点如下：1.表示理解并给予安慰；2.提出建议并说明理由。注意：1.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；2.词数80左右。第二节（满分20分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Fromthefirstdayheenteredmyclassroom,WillardP.Frankexistedinhisownworld,shuttingouthisclassmatesandme.Myattemptsatbuildingafriendlyrelationshipwithhimweremetwithcompleteindifference.Icouldseethathisclassmatesfarednobetter.Willardwasstrictlyalonerwhoseemedtohavenodesireorneedtobreakhissilence.ShortlyaftertheThanksgivingholiday,wereceivedwordoftheannualChristmascollectionofmoneyforthelessfortunatepeopleinourschooldistrict.“Christmasisaseasonofgiving,”Itoldmystudents.“Thereareafewstudentsintheschoolwhomightnothaveahappyholidayseason.BycontributingtoourChristmascollection,youwillhelpbuyfood,clothingandtoysfortheseneedypeople.Wewillstartthecollectiontomorrow.”WhenIcalledforthecontributionsthenextday,IdiscoveredthatalmosteveryonehadforgottenexceptforWillardP.Frank.Theboydugdeepintohispantspocketsashewalkedslowlytomydesk.Carefully,hedroppedtwoquartersintothesmallcontainer.“Idon’tneedmilkforlunch,”hemumbled.Foramoment,justamoment,hesmiled.Thenheturnedandwalkedbacktohisdesk.Thatnight,afterschool,Itookourfewcontributionstotheschoolprincipal.Icouldn’thelpsharingtheincidentthathadtakenplace.“Imaybewrong,butIbelieveWillardmightbegettingreadytobecomeapartoftheworldaroundhim,”Itoldtheprincipal.“Yes.”henodded.“Andwemightdowelltohavehimshareabitofhisworldwithus.IjustreceivedalistofthepoorfamiliesinourschoolwhomostneedhelpthroughtheChristmascollection.Here,takealookatit.”AsIgazeddowntoread,IdiscoveredWillardP.Frankandhisfamilywerethetopnamesonthelist.Seeingthis,Idecidedtodosomethingforhim.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:OnthatSunday,IpaidavisittoWillard’sfamily.Paragraph2:Thenextday,IhadaspecialclassforWillard.第五部分单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）66.Beforethemeetingeachmanandeachwoman____________(be)askedtohelpthemanageryesterday.67.Maryistheonlyoneofthegirlswho____________(praise)bytheheadmasteratthemeetingyesterday.68.Thesoftware____________(able)youtoaccesstheinternetinseconds.69.It’snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasourceof____________(inspire)fordesigners.70.Ourfacilities____________(enlarge),andoursportscenterisnowbiggerandbetterthaneverbefore.71.Whenrunning,youdon’tneedanyspecial____________(equip).Justapairofgoodrunningshoeswilldo.72.Whenyouransweris________thesatisfactionoftheexpert,itisverypossiblethathewillgiveyoumorechances.73.Youneedtoeat