Unit1-2知识点总结+练习 人教版英语八年级下册

八年级英语下Unit1-2知识点归纳Unit1重点短语:haveastomachachehaveacoldliedowntakeone’stemperaturehaveafevergotoadoctortoone’ssurpriseagreeto(dosth.)getintotroublebeusedtotakerisksrunout(of)cutoffgetoutofbeincontrolofkeepon(doingsth.）giveup语言知识归纳：1.What’sthematter(withyou)?此句用来询问别人的病情。类似的句子还有：What’swrongwithyou?/What’sthetrouble?matter作动词用，意为“要紧”“有关系”，主要用于疑问句和否定句。Whatdoesitmatter?Itdoesn’tmatter.【例题】Doesit________ifwecan’tfinishittoday?A.mindB.mindsC.matterD.matters2.Ihaveasorethroat.have“患病”，常用“havea/an+名词”.haveacoldhaveafeverhaveasorebackhaveastomachachehaveacough【例题】()---Doesheoftenhave______cold?---Yes.Healso_____acoughandasorethroat.A.a;hasB./;hasC.a;haveD./;have3.Liedownandrest!躺下休息liedown躺下单词词义过去式过去分词现在分词lie说谎liedliedlyinglie躺，平放laylainlying4.That’sprobablywhy.那可能就是原因。probably意为“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一种近乎肯定的意思。hurtv.使受伤；伤害；疼痛Hehurthislegwhenhefell.他摔伤的时候伤了腿。Myfeelingswerehurtwhenhedidn’taskmetotheparty.他没有请我参加聚会使我很伤心。Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing...公交车司机，24岁的王平……24-year-old是用连字符连接数字和名词所构成的一个形容词结构，意思是“24岁的”。（名词必须用单数，常用在名词前做定语）【例题】A____girlnamedDongXinyilookedafterherdisabledfather.A.three-year-oldB.three-years-oldC.Threeyearsoldexpectvt.期待；预期；期盼expect的常见用法:expect+名词/代词The

old

man

is

expecting

his

daughter’s

visit.expecttodosth.

I

expect

to

get

a

birthday

present

from

my

dad.

expectsb.todosth.Do

you

expect

him

to

teach

you

English?expect+从句I

expect

that

you

will

get

there

soon.

【辨析】expect与lookforwardto两者都有期待的意思lookforwardtodoingsth.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingTom.Buttohissurprise...但是令他吃惊的是……toone’ssurprise表示“令人惊奇的是……”，相当于“主语+be+surprised”Tohissurprise,hefoundthegirlwasbind.=Hewassurprisedtofindthegirlwasblind.令他惊奇的是，他发现这个女孩是个盲人。【拓展】insurprise表示“惊奇的”，相当于副词性短语，用来修饰动词。Thetwogirlslookedateachotherinsurprise.那两个女孩惊奇地互相看着。besurprisedat表示“对……感到惊讶”。Weareverysurprisedatthenews.听到这个消息，我们很诧异。surprising表示“使人惊奇的”，作表语时，主语是事物。Theydon’twantanytrouble.他们不想惹麻烦。=1\*GB3①trouble用作名词，意为“烦恼，困难，麻烦，疾病等”。Hislifeisfulloftrouble.他的生活充满了烦恼。What’sthetrouble?怎么了？=2\*GB3②trouble用作动词，意为“麻烦，打扰”。I’msorrytotroubleyou.抱歉打扰你。【拓展】与trouble相关的短语introuble处于困境中getintotrouble陷入困境Havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难【例题】-HowisyourEnglishstudy?-Notbad.ButI_____learningEnglishgrammar.A.aminterestedB.amgoodatC.havealittletroubleD.havenotrouble辨析usedtodosth.与beusedtosth./doingsth.↓↓过去常常……习惯于某事/做某事Weusedtodrawpicturesbadly.Youwillgetusedtotheweatherhere.Intheend,Igotusedtodoinghardwork.辨析runout与runoutof人+runoutofTheyhaverunoutofthewater.物+runout(不可用于被动语态）Themoneyisrunningout.【例题】选出能代替句中画线部分的一项()YesterdayIusedupallthesalttocookdumplings.Ineedtobuysomenow.A.ateupB.runoutofC.ranofD.ranoutofmakedecisions=makeadecision作出决定decision为decide的名词形式makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.beincontrolof管理；控制Ateachershouldbeincontrolofhisclass.重点语法：情态动词should的用法（1）should后接动词原形，变否定句在should后加not,变一般疑问句时将should提前。（2）should常用于以下两种情况：=1\*GB3①提出建议Youlookedtired.Youshouldliedownandrest.=2\*GB3②表推测，意为“该，按理应当”。Waitaminute.Ithinkheshouldcomeinaminute.Unit2重点短语:cleanupthecityparks打扫城市公园homelesspeople无家可归的人cheerthemup使他们振作giveout/handout分发，散发atthefoodbank在食品分发站amafter-schoolstudyprogram课外学习小组ACityclean-upDay城市清洁日comeupwith想出twoweeksfromnow.距今两周payoffmakingaplan推迟制定计划putupsigns张贴标语callup10students给10个学生打电话usedtodo曾经做，过去常常做carefor照顾....astrongfeelingofsatisfaction强烈的满足感giveup(doing)sth.放弃:(做):某事tryoutsth.尝试goonadifferentjourney进行不一样的旅途volunteertodosth.自愿做某事travelalone=travelbyoneself独自旅行raisemoneyfor为...筹钱feellonely感觉孤独lesslucky不那么幸运volunteerjobs志愿者工作workoutside在外工作重点语法:1.动副短语的构成及用法，在动词加副词构成的短语中，名词一般放在副词之后，但是代词只能放在动词和副词中间。E.g.putupthesign,putitup;giveoutthebooks,givethemout2.动词不定式的用法。动词不定式(todo)在句子中可以做主语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，状语和定语。Tosayisonething,andtodoisanotherthing(主语)Helearnedtoplaythepianoattheageoffour.(宾语)Idon'tknowwheretogo.(宾语)Healwayshelpshismothertodohousework(宾语补足语)Mydreamistotravelaroundtheword.(表语)Helpingothersisagoodwaytospendourfreetime.(定语)theyareworriedabouthowtogetgoodjobstomakelotsofmoney.(状语)Togotoabetteruniversity.youneedtostudyharderandharder.(状语)知识点讲解1.Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup这个女孩可以看望有病的小孩①sickadj“生病的，恶心的”可以做表语也可以做定语:ill做“生病的”讲时，只能做表语Thehospitalisalwaysfullofsickpeople.Thestrongsmelloftheseamadehimfeelsick\ill.❷cheerupsb.-makesb.happierLittleTomlosthisfavoritetoy.Let'sdosomethingtocheerhimup.2.Weneedtocomeupwithaplantotellpeopleabouttheparkclean-up.我们需要为城市公园清洁日指定计划。comeupwith,想出，提出，相当于thinkout/up/ofthinkover仔细考虑.Whocancomeupwithagoodsolutiontothisproblem?3.Wecan'tputoffmakingaplan.我们不能推迟制定计划。putoffdoingsth.推迟做某事putoffuntil推迟到..时候MostflightsputofftakingoffbecauseoftheheavyfoginChengdu.MakeanoticethatwehavetoputoursportsmeetinguntilMarch14.4.Weshouldeachcallup10studentsandaskthemtocome我们应该每个人给10个学生打电话叫他们来(参加活动)。callupsb.=givesb.acall=callsb.=phonesb.给某人打电话5.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他们给我想过去的生活经历和生活状态。usedtodosth.过去常常....曾经做.Iusedtoworklateatnight,butnowItrynottostayup.Shenzhenusedtobeasmallfishingvillage.Didyouusetobeafraidofthedark?be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事be(getusedtosth.习惯某事Areyouusedtothecitylife?mostwesternersarenotusedtousingchopsticks.6.Alotofoldpeoplearelonely.很多老人很孤独。1wanttotravelalone.我想独自旅游。lonely:adj,孤独的，既可以做表语，也可以做定语。alone:adj&adv独自，只能做表语或状语，不能做定语。bealone=beallbyoneselfIlivealonebutIdon'tfeellonely.Kimmyhasfewfriends.Heisalonelychild.7....giveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.每周牺牲几个小时来帮助他人。(1)giveupsth./doingsth、放弃..Nomatterhowharditis,Iwillnevergiveupmydream.Istronglyadvisedmyhusbandtogiveupsmokingbutfailed.(2)several=afew后面接可数名词复数。8.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners'faces.当我看到动物们康复还有他们主人们脸上的笑容时，我获得了一种如此强烈的满足感。(1):-feeling(cn)“感觉”e.g.afeelingofsatisfaction/hunger/anger/excitement/sadness/happinessfeelings(Pl)“情感，感情”Idon'twanttohurtyourfeelings,butifyoustillkeepthatsillyideaIhaveto(2)构词:satisfy(vt,)→satisfied(adj.)→satisfaction(n.)besatisfiedwithsb/sth=bepleasedwithsb./sth.Areyourparentssatisfiedwithyourbehavioratschool?joy(n)-joyful(adj)alookofjoy高兴的表情Heisnotsopopularinourofficebecausehealwayshasalookofcoldness9.Volunteeringourtimetohelpotherisawaytospendourfreetime.volunteer(1)vtVolunteertodosth“自愿做”，volunteerone'stimetodosth.Thesecollegestudentsvolunteertocarefortheenvironmentcollectingtheusedthingsinourneighborhood.Aspartofourgroup,don'tyouvolunteertokeepourclassroomclean?(2)n.自愿者，Volunteersareusuallywarm-heartedpeople.SectionB重点短语runoutof用完，花完takeafter-besimilarto和...相似fixup=repair修理giveaway赠送brokenbicycleparts坏的自行车部件Setup=start=establish.建立;设立◆makeabigdifferenceto...对..有巨大的影响disabledpeople-thedisabled残疾人normalthings寻常事aspecialtraineddog一只特别的受过训练的狗beexcitedaboutsth.对...感到兴奋feelluckytodosth.对做某事感到幸运atonce=rightaway立刻，马上afriendofmine我的一个朋友sixmonthsoftraining为期6个月的训练givehimorders给他发指令beunabletodosth.不能做某事changemylife改变我的生活useyourhandseasily灵活地使用你的双手befreetodosth.有空做某事bestrongin在...有优势interestsandhobbies兴趣和爱好acall-incenterforparents家长来电中心workoutfine生效，奏效，起作用知识点讲解1.I'verunoutofit.我已经把它用完了。本句话是现在完成时，基本句型为“主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词”。run的过去分词不变。run-ran-runsthrunoutsb.runoutofsth.=sb.useupsth.I'verunoutoftimetofinishthepaper.=I'veuseduptimetofinishthepaper.2.I'msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.我确信你知道这是一个为帮助像我一样的残疾人二建立起来的组织。(1)Thisgroupwassetup.是过去时的被动语态。过去时的被动语态构成:主语+was/were+过去分词。e.gHewashitbyabigboyonthewayhomeyesterday.Thesebuildingswerebuiltlastyear.(2)Setup=start-establish建立组织，机构Rightnow,theyhavesetupover2,000volunteerorganizationsacrossChina.Thiscompanyplanstosetup20overseasbranchoffices.(3).disabled(adj)disable(vt)一able(adj)unable(adj.)Weshouldhelpdisabledpeoplearoundus.(disabledpeople-thedisabled)Thetrafficaccidentdisabledherandleftherunabletoworkandstudy.Mostwesternersareunabletousechopstickstohavemeals.3.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.你的帮助使得我有可能拥有Lucky.句型:make/find+it+adj.+todosth)“使得/发现做....怎么样”。在句中，it做形式宾语，后面的形容词做宾语补足语，不定式做真正的宾语。E,g.Mr.ChenmakesitinterestingtohaveP.E.class.Theinventionofplanesmakesitpossibleforpeopletotraveltoafarawayplaceinoneday.Internetmakesiteasiertounderstandwhat'sgoingonaroundtheworld.Isometimesfinditdifficulttocommunicatewithhim.4.Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.Lucky对我的生活有很大的影响。makea/some/nodifferencetosb./sth.对....造成-一个/一些/没有影响Changingschoolmakesabigdifferencetoherlife.Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.5.Whatwoulditbeliketobeblindordeaf?theblind/deaf盲人/聋子e.g.Theblindarethosewhocan'tseewiththeireyes.goblind/deaf变瞎/变聋e.g.Hewentdeafaftertheterribleaccident.6.ShetalkedtoAnimalHelpersaboutgettingmeaspecialtraineddogtrain(vt)训练一training(un)训练-+trained(adj)受过训练的AnimalHelperstraindogstohelptheblindtocrossthestreetsafely.LiNadidmuchtrainingbeforeshebecamethewinnerofthetennis.Goodsportsrecordscomefromhardtraining.7.Iwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.excite(vt)→excited(adj.)一excitedly(adv.)一excitement(n)beexcitedaboutsth.对...感到兴奋beexcitedtodosth.对..做...兴奋Boysarealwaysexcitedaboutseeingtheirfavoritesportsstars.=Boysarealwaysexcitedtoseetheirfavoritesportsstars.单项选择1.—_______________canyougettotheairport?—Inabout30minutes.I'montheway.A.HowsoonB.HowlongC.HowmuchD.Howoften2.It'sveryimportant__________ustomakeaplanbeforeanewtermbe