核心分类词汇课程配套讲义

更懂考研，更懂你更懂考研，更懂你考研词汇分类记目录PartOne经济话题 1PartTwo职场发展话题 13通关测试-1 19PartThree法律制度话题 21PartFour媒体话题 31通关测试-2 39PartFive教育话题 41PartSix学科发展话题 53通关测试-3 65PartSeven科技话题 66PartEight社会生活话题 78通关测试-4 89PartNine个人生活话题 91PartTen人生态度话题 104通关测试-5 114更懂考研，更懂你更懂考研，更懂你PAGEPAGE100PartOne经济话题经济发展economyn.经济；节约advocatethebehaviorofpracticingeconomy 倡导厉行节约的行为economicadj.经济的economicaladj.节约的industryn.工业；勤奋industrialadj.工业的industriousadj.勤奋的同义词：diligentraten.概率/v.评估estimatev.估计assessv.评价evaluatev.估值牛市bullmarket熊市bearmarketdepressionn.萧条；衰退;抑郁recessionn.衰退depressedadj.抑郁的Depressionn.经济大萧条stagnationn.经济停滞deficitn.赤字inflationn.通货膨胀purchasingpower购买力purchasev.buythedecrease/decline/descendofpurchasingpower购买力的下滑经济状况doomn.厄运doomsdayn.世界末日bedoomedto注定boomn.繁荣babyboom婴儿潮prosperity n.繁荣thrivev.繁荣thrivingadj.繁荣的flourishv.繁荣domen.穹顶 UndertheDome穹顶之下crisisn.危机fluctuationn.波动v.复苏survivev.幸存 surviveinthecrisis 中幸存v.战胜 survivethecrisis 战胜危机vividadj.生动的revivaln.复苏solvev.解决同义词：reverseresolveputanendtoaddressThisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheirhomework.aimto/bedesignedto旨在chaosn.喧闹reluctantadj.勉强的bungalown.平房ambitionn.雄心壮志abandonv.放弃推动市场enhancev.提升同义词：boost/elevate/promotepromotev.提高；升值；促销；推荐enactv.制定；颁布policyn.政策acceleratev.加速accustomv.习惯于accompanyv.陪伴acclaimv.赞同affixv.固定；安装affirmv.确认affiliatev.隶属appropriateadj.合适的；正确的assimilatev.同化compensatev.补偿；获得报酬abundancen.充足；丰富boundv.注定；出发去某地；与..联系；弹跳beboundto注定做某事reboundv.反弹boundaryn.边界aboundv.充满abundantadj.丰富的abundancen.丰富商业模式innovationn.创新renovatev.更新noveln.小说/adj.新颖的noveltyn.新颖poemn.诗歌versen.韵文businessn.商业；事情；行业commercen.商业commercialadj.商业的IndustrialandCommercialBankofChina中国工商银行consumev.消费；消耗time-consumingadj.耗时的consumern.消费者consumptionn.消费corporaten.公司同义词：enterprise/firm/companycooperatev.合作reputationn.名声同义词：fame/prestige/image/distinctionprestigiousadj.著名的distinctadj.区别的；清晰的；卓越的enjoyyearsofreputation享有多年声誉malpracticen.违规操作educationalpractice教育方式farmingpractice耕种方式defamev.玷污名声matterv.重要countv.数数；重要weighv.重要；称重outweighv.比…重要outlivev.比…活得久outnumberv.比…数量多outmodev.取代劳动力匮乏shortagen.短缺laborforce劳动力complainv.抱怨complainabout抱怨complaintn.抱怨makeacomplaintabout抱怨…settlev.解决；安定numericaladj.数量的numerousadj.巨大的同义词：enormous/giganticadmitv.允许beadmittedto录取admissionn.允许；录取importv.进口importationn.进口exportv.出口passportn.护照airportn.机场transportn.运输portern.搬运工portableadj.可以搬用的portablecomputer/laptop笔记本电脑overlapv.重叠签订合同contractv.缩短n.契约；合同contactv.联系intactadj.未被开发的；未被触碰的party n.党派；（某）方thethird-partypaymentplatform第三方支付平台durationn.期限duringprep.在…期间durableadj.持久的chronicadj.慢性的endurev.忍受entitlementn.权利beentitledtodo被赋予做…的权利responsibilityn.责任obligev.强制；强迫obligationn.义务同义词：dutyviolatev.违背penaltyn.惩罚penalizev.惩罚prosecutev.起诉金融financen.v.投资（invest/fund）financialadj.金融的sponsorv.赞助exchangev.交易pensionfund养老基金subsidyn.津贴同义词：benefit/allowancedividendn.红利scholarshipn.奖学金bonusn.奖金share/stockn.shareholdern.持股人bondn.债券securityn.证券bubblen.泡沫enterprise n.企业investv.投资n.投资+mergev.兼并mergern.兼并consolidatev.兼并combinev.结合；兼并acquirev.获得；兼并emergev.出现emergencen.出现emergencyn.急诊；紧急事件submergev.淹没；沉没subtleadj.不易察觉的，细微的subordinateadj.次要的；辅助的bankrupt 破产jointventure合资企业makejointeffortstodosth.共同努力做某事realestate 房地产银行与责任bankn.银行bankon依赖于；指望同义词组：dependon/relyon/reston/countonresponsibilityn.责任beresponsiblefor 对…负责；导致同义词（组）：leadto/resultin/contributeto/causeaccountableadj.负有责任的holdaccountablefor对…负责transientadj.短暂的；短期的同义词：momentary/temporary反义词：durable/chronictempern.脾气hinderv.阻碍同义词：block/hampersubstantialadj.实实在在的；大量的自动柜员机ATM=automatictellermachineinsertv.插入insertyourcard插卡passwordn.密码enter/keythepassword输入密码promptn.提示v.促使adj.敏捷的；迅速的optionn.选择optionalcourse/selectivecourse选修课compulsorycourse/requiredcourse必修课opttodosth.选择做某事v.领养；采用adaptv.适应depositv.存钱；沉淀withdrawv.取钱；撤销，撤回confirmv.确认conformv.与…(to)charge v.负责；收费；充电；批评；指控；冲向；与…有关系inchargeof负责freeofcharge免费chargethebattery充电thechargingdog正在奔跑的狗税收与电商e-commercen.电子商务conveniencen.方便crossborder跨境previousadj.先前的preciousadj.珍贵的taxn.税tariff/dutyn.关税evadetax逃税owev.欠款；将…归因于owe…to...归因于同义词组：attribute…to…/ascribe…to…./credit…to…fakeadj.伪造的经济波动capitaln.资金fund/financelabor n.劳动collaboratev.合作cooperateelaboratev.精心制作adj.精美的laborforce劳动力stableadj.稳定的fluctuatev.波动crashn.碰撞；崩溃aircrash空难stockmarketcrash股市崩盘expendituren.花费expensen.花费expensiveadj.昂贵的escalatev.提升scalen.天平；规模；扩大平衡：holdstable/steady/balanced/unchanged上升：increase/climb/rise/ascend/goup+adv.急剧地：sharply/dramatically/considerably/remarkably/strikingly急剧上升/飙升：surge/upsurge/rocket/soar/zoom下降：decline/decrease/descend/fall/godown+adv.急剧下降：drop/dive/plunge/slumpPartTwo职场发展话题申请工作applyv.申请；运用applyfor申请applyto运用于beappliedto被用于…applicationn.申请；应用appliancen.家用电器resumen.v.使…恢复；继续interviewn.面试eligibleadj.适合的同义词：fit/suitable适合做：beeligiblefor/befitfor/besuitablefor/bequalifiedforobligev.被迫beobligedtodosth.被迫做某事diligentadj.辛劳的intelligentadj.聪明的employ-sack 解雇employv.雇佣；使用workingperformance工作表现motivatev.激发motiven.动机promotev.提升；升职incomen.收入fatsalary丰厚薪水revenuen.收入人才推荐talentn.天赋；人才recommendv.推荐impressv.给…留下印象impressiveeducation良好教育performancen.表现influencen.影响同义词：impact负面effect（中立的）haveanegativeimpacton对…有负面影响influentialadj.有影响力的exertenormouseffectson对…有巨大影响respond responsen.回应correspondwith与…保持一致conformto与...一致abideby遵循同义词组：adhereto/beinlinewithfavorn.喜欢favoriteadj.最喜欢的favorableadj.赞同的infavorof赞同，支持企业发展sustainabledevelopment持续发展 sustainv.持续；持久 sustainabilityn.忍受力；耐力managev.管理ill-managedadj.管理不善的ill-treatv.虐待innovationn.创新efficiencyn.效率efficientadj.有效率的effectiveadj.有效的deficiencyn.缺乏；不足malnutritionn.影响不良malformationn.畸形malpracticen.违规操作vitamindeficiency 缺乏维生素yieldv.产出yieldprofit带来利润yieldto屈服于=giveintoconsiderableadj.可观的considerateadj.考虑周到的prospectn.前景perspectiven.角度；观点frommyperspective在我看来spectatorn.观众spectaclen.眼镜inspectv.调查retrospectv.回顾mergev.兼并monopolyn.垄断dominantposition主导位置domainn.主导；领域fieldn.领域spheren.领域predominantadj.绝对主导的选择离职departuren.离开，离职同义词：exitdepartv.（飞机）起飞，离场passionn.热情，激情，斗志enthusiasticadj.（心态）热情的，激情的enthusiasmn.热情disgracen.丢人，羞愧gracen.优美gracefuladj.优雅的ambiguousadj.模棱两可的，模糊不清的同义词：vague/obscure/unclearcloakn.斗篷v.掩盖同义词：obscure/coverRatherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuses,hecamerightoutandsaidhewasleaving“topursuemygoalofrunningacompany.”pursuev.追求pursuitn.追求aspirev.渴望aspirationn.雄心壮志同义词：ambitionaspirefor/haveastrongdesirefor对…充满渴望reflectv.反射，反思reflecton反思incentiven.刺激stimuluscandidaten.候选人，申请人企业与社会责任premise/prerequisiten.前提条件resourcen.资源returnn.回报profitn.利润profit-orientedadj.以利润为导向的reliableadj.值得信赖的relyv.依靠，以来sustainv.维持，支持meritn.优点，优势同义词：advantagedemeritn.缺点，不足同义词：disadvantage/defect/hazardignorev.忽视neglectv.忽视v.俯视，忽视ignorantadj.无知的律师行业industry/business行业，领域professionn.职业professionaladj.n.专业人士barn.栅栏，酒吧barexam司法考试competev.竞争competentadj.有竞争力的skyscrapern.摩天大楼hostilityn.敌对，敌意hostileadj.敌对的，敌意的hospitableadj.热情好客的hospitalityn.热情好客justifyv.证明justadj.公正的justicen.公正adjustv.调整adjustto调整以适应justificationn.正确，合情合理instinctn.本能byinstinct出于本能skepticaladj.怀疑同义词：doubtful/suspicious通关测试-1练习一：请选出词义有误的单词，并给出正确的释义impoverished贫穷的，贫瘠的corporate 合作numerical 巨大的violate 违背merge 出现enterprise 进取精神withdraw 取钱escalate 飙升zoom 急剧上升departure 离职instinct 机构justify 证明…正确练习二：请根据语境选出正确的答案Severalinternationaleventsintheearly1990sseemlikelyto ,oratleastweaken,thetrendsthatemergedinthe1980s.revoltrevolvereversereviveThelocalpeoplewerejoyfullysurprisedtofindthepriceofvegetablesnolonger ,accordingtotheweather.alteredconvertedfluctuatedmodifiedDozensofscientificgroupsallovertheworldhavebeen thegoalofapracticalandeconomicwaytousesunlighttosplitwatermolecules.pursuingchasingreachingwinningFuelscarcitiesandpriceincreases automobiledesignerstoscaledownthelargestmodelsandtodevelopcompletelynewlinesofsmallcarsandtrucks.persuadedpromptedimposedenlightenedPeoplewholiveinsmalltownsoftenseemmorefriendlythanthoselivingin populatedareas.denselyintenselyabundantlyhighlyPartThree法律制度话题组织机构organizationn.组织organizev.组织organizeacampaign组织一场活动launchv.发起instituten.v.建立scientificestablishment科研机构Chinahasinstitutedasystemofregionalautonomyinareasinhabitedbyminorityethnicgroups.facultyn.全部教职员工，（五官的）能力school/departmentn.学院facilityn.设备，设施commissionn.v.委任同义词：appointnominatev.委任autonomyn.自治anonymityn.匿名surnamen.姓committeen.委员会committeemann.委员行政组织federaladj.联邦FBI/FederalBureauofInvestigation联邦调查局CIA/CentralIntelligenceAgency中央情报局administerv.管理administrationn.行政部门Congressn.（美国）国会Parliamentn.（英国）议会courtn.法院SupremeCourt最高法院democracyn.民主upsetv.adj.焦虑不安的principlen.原则principaln.adj.重要的essential/vital/crucial/significant/important/criticaladj.重要的overturnv.推翻overcomev.克服，战胜同义词：defeat/surviveoverflowv.溢出overhearv.偷听overhauln.&v.彻底整修，大修overlapn.&v.重叠overpassn.天桥overseasadj.&adv.海外overtakev.追上，赶上takeover接管overthrowv.推翻，推到overwhelmv.压倒，政府overtimen.超时国家独立colonyn.殖民地，群体，群落colonialadj.殖民的acolonyofants蚂蚁群abirdcolony鸟群flockn.v.蜂拥flocktosp./flocktodo蜂拥去某地/做某事fairn.adj.公平的funfair游乐场rallyv.n.集会（为了政治目的）assemblyn.集会（环境，经济…）restorev.恢复liberaladj.自由的equaladj.平等的adequateadj.相当的，足够的同义词：enough/sufficientsurplusadj.过剩的excessiveadj.过度的independentadj.独立的regimen.政体Thepeoplearehelddownbyaviciousandrepressivemilitaryregime.人民被罪恶压抑的军事政体镇压。viceadj.n.邪恶同义词：eviln.邪恶virtuen.美德viceandvirtue善与恶viciouscircle恶性循环guaranteev.保证guardv.n.保安propertyn.财产integratev.完整integrityn.完整，正直integratedadj.综合的，全面的integratededucation综合教育同义词：comprehensiveadj.综合的，全面的君主制度与时代的碰撞emperorn.国王PrimeMinister首相symboln.象征symbolizev.标志embodyv.体现，反应同义词：reveal/indicate/reflectbodyn.身体，政府机构，文章主体部分transcendv.超越ascendv.上升transportn&v运输transplantn&v移植transfern&v转移transmitv传播，传递royaln&adj皇室loyaladj.忠诚的，忠实的privilegen.特权monarchyn.君主制度hierarchyn.等级制度中产阶级MiddleClassimplyv.暗示着，意味着implicationn.内涵；影响assumev.假设assumptionn.想法，信念essencen.精华essentialadj.重要的essentiallyadv.实际上virtuen.美德virtualadj.虚拟的virtuallyadv.实际上transformv.转型，转变budgetn.预算onatightbudget预算收紧budgetflight廉价航班statusn.地位socialstatus社会地位statuen.雕像StatueofLiberty自由女神像statuten.法律，法规deprivev.剥夺deprivesbofsth剥夺某人某物sbbedeprivedofsth某人被剥夺某物riskn.风险riskyadj.冒险的retirev.退休pensionn.退休金城市与乡村sceneryn.风景beltn.条，带TheBeltandRoadInitiative一带一路倡议initiativen.倡议，创新，首创initialadj.最初的initiallyadv.首先infrastructuren.基础设施infraredadj./n.红外的；红外线ruinv.毁坏devastatev.毁坏ruinsn.废墟suburbn.郊区dwellern.居民同义词：inhabitant/resident/citizendwellon详细论述renewv.更新GDP与幸福感GDP/GrossDomesticProduct国内生产总值domesticadj.家庭的，国内的domesticviolence家庭暴力domesticresponsibility/burden/pressure家庭责任/负担/压力domesticmarket国内市场travelathome国内旅游athomeinsth/begoodatsth熟悉精通...flawn.错误，瑕疵flawedadj.错误的，有缺点的faultn.错误，断层soleadj.唯一的measuren.衡量assessmentn.衡量，评估well-being幸福感criterionn.标准standardn.标准standardizev.标准化standardizedtesting标准化考试gaugen.标准factorn.因素internaladj.内在的externaladj.外在的engagementn.参与engagein从事taketo从事engage引入translatev.翻译，笔译interpretv.翻译，口译法律制定lawn.法律同义词：statute/act/bill/regulation/provision/clauselegislaturen.立法机构courtn.法院passagen.通过hasten.着急，匆忙Morehaste,lessspeed.欲速则不达。enforcementn.实施implementv.实施，实行validadj.有效的invalidadj.无效的legislationn.立法legislaturen.立法机构legaladj.法律的，合法的legitimateadj.合理的，合法的犯罪行为innocentadj.清白的，无辜的guiltyadj.有罪的，内疚的convictedadj.宣判有罪的commitv.犯罪commitcrimes犯罪commitsuicide自杀commitoneselfto/devoteoneselfto/dedicateoneselfto致力于做commitmentn.责任theftn.偷窃robberyn.抢劫kidnapv.绑架hijackv.劫持，劫机juryn.陪审团interactv.互相影响intercoursen.交际imitatev.模仿PartFour媒体话题电视媒体mediumn.adj.n.媒介media（复数）n.媒体multi-median.多媒体multipleadj.许多mediumheight中等身材match-maker月老；媒介inclinev.倾向于tendtodosth/tendtowardsth通常做tendtopursueperfection/tendtowardperfection通常去追求完美beinclinedto倾向于做coverv.报道coverthetruth报道真相n.报道storyn.报道draw/attractone’sattention吸引某人的注意力illusion n.幻觉illusory 错觉的entertain v.娱乐entertainmentn.娱乐distractionn.娱乐；分散注意力recreationn.娱乐recreationalfacility娱乐设施pastimen.消遣；精髓essencen.精髓livev.adj.现场直播的advertise v.做广告advertisern.广告商advertisementn.广告adn.广告shrink 缩水；减少fadev.褪色；减少OfallthechangesthathavetakenplaceinEnglishlanguagenewspapersduringthepastquartercentury,perhapsthemostfar-reachinghasbeentheinexorabledeclineinthescopeandseriousnessoftheirartscoverage.出版发行journaln.期刊magazinen.杂志newspapern.报纸supplementn.增刊journalismn.新闻业journalistn.记者同义词：reporterissueheadline 发布头条issuev.n.问题；话题headlinen.大标题；头条columnn.栏目circulationn.循环；传播circulationofrumors谣言的传播enhanceabloodcirculation促进血液循环distributev.分配；散布attributeto…归因于contributeto捐献；贡献subscribev.订阅subscribeto赞同；认同获得授权authorizev.授权authorityn.权威approvev.赞同；批准upholdv.支持advocatev.倡导n.倡导者encourageandadvocate鼓励和倡导adoptv.采用；领养adjoinv.靠近；毗邻grantv.n.拨款takesthforgranted把...当做理所当然exclusiveadj.独家的excludev.排除exclusivenews独家新闻Exclusively/only仅仅（绝对词）defensen.维护；辩解defendv.维护；辩解rival n.竞争者同义词：competitor/opponent/adversary论文与数据的审核affiliationn.从属关系articlen.文章；物品；条款rangen.范围rangefromto…范围从...到...literaturen.文学；文献literaladj.逐字的literallyadv.逐字地citev.引用cite/quoteanexampletoprove…引用例子来证明exemplifyv.例证statisticn.数据statisticaladj.数据的statisticsn.数据（复数）datan.数据analysisn.分析analyzev.分析manuscriptn.手稿draftn.草稿checkv.审核scrutinyn.仔细研究;审核scrutinizev.审核道德缺失与窃听accept/acknowledge/recognizev.接受Itisknowntousallthat…众所周知Itiswidelyacknowledged/recognized/acceptedthat 众所周知moraladj.有道德的immoraladj.不道德的mortaladj.致命的immortaladj.不朽的；长生不老的同义词：fatal/deadlyAchillesheels致命弱点moralen.士气；精神面貌collapsev.倒塌degradev.降低；退化graden.年级；程度upgradev.升级downgradev.低估同义词：underestimate/underratemoraldegrade/collapse道德沦丧theabsence/lossofmorality道德缺失phonehacking 电话窃听intrudev.入侵纸质刊物与数字媒体pressn.出版社；媒体pressconference记者招待会conferencen.协商会议confersthonsth把...给予...conferv.协商fashionv.形成fashionastyle形成风格constraintn.限制ceasev.停止substitutev.替代digitaladj.数字的digitalera数字时代dwarfv.使变矮；使相形见绌sthbedwarfedbysth blundern.大错loyaladj.忠诚的社交媒体与信息可靠性socialmediaplatform社交媒体third-partypaymentplatform第三方支付平台platform n.站台，平台sourcen.来源originn.起源originaladj.原始的，最初的primitiveadj.最初的，原始的separatev.分离distinguishv.区分distinguish/separate/tell…from区分distinguishedadj.出众的同义词：outstandingfakeadj.n.假货;赝品fictionn.虚构sciencefiction科幻小说perspectiven.视角；观点prospectn.前景prospectiveadj.有前景的，有希望的biasn.偏见prejudicen.偏见verifyv.证实confirmn.证实通关测试-2练习一：请选出正确的词义匹配英文单词upset 表现，象征overwhelm 基础设施integrate 打破embody 压倒；征服status 交往；相互影响infrastructure 实施，执行enforcement 地位interact 练习二：请根据语境选出正确的答案Ifbusinessmenaretaxedtoomuch,theywillnolongerbemotivatedtoworkhard,withtheresultthatincomesfromtaxationmightactually . .shrinkdelaydispersesinkThejudgeruledthattheevidencewasinadmissibleonthegroundsthatitwas totheissueathand.irrationalunreasonableinvalidirrelevantAsanindustry,biotechnologystandsto electronicsindollarvolumeandperhapssurpassitinsocialimpactby2020.contendcontestrivalstriveWhentravelling,youareadvisedtotaketravellers’checks,whichprovideasecure tocarryingyourmoneyincash.substituteselectionpreferencealternativeI withthanksthehelpofmycolleaguesinthepreparationofthisnewcolumn.expressconfessverifyacknowledgePartFive教育话题undergraduate[英]n.本科生 graduate[英]n.研究生graduate[美]n.本科生 postgraduate[美]n.研究生graduateschool研究生院大学教育academicadj.学术的coursen.课程subjectn.主题;课程besubjectto屈服于injectv.注射ejectv.喷射rejectv.拒绝projectv.投影projectorn.投影仪curricular adj.课程的extracurricularadj.课外的extracurricular/after-classactivities课外活动literacy n.读写能力literate adj.受过教育的；有文化的illiterateadj.不识字的diplomacy diploman.证书，文凭certificaten.证书certifyv.证明diplomatn.外交官prominentadj.突出的；杰出的coherentadj.连贯的;密不可分的cohesiveadj.密不可分的adherev.粘贴adhereto遵守inheritv.继承inherentadj.与生俱来的heritagen.遗产IQ智商EQ情商AQ逆商高等教育的过度商业化commercializedadj.商业化的GPA/Grade-PointAverage绩点enrollv.登记，注册registerv.注册tuitionn.学费cataloguen.目录dialoguen.对话prologuen.开场白；序言catastrophen.灾难incurv.引发occurv.出现recurv.复发savev.拯救；除了except除了Butnowmostcolleges,saveformanyselectivecampuses,allowallundergraduates,andevengraduatestudents,togettheirlowgradesforgiven.metricn.标准；方面aspect方面Forpublicinstitutions,statefundsaretiedpartlytotheirsuccessonmetricssuchasgraduationratesandstudentretention.传统测试traditionaladj.传统的conventionn.例会；惯例；传统conventionaladj.传统的；惯例的traditionalbelief/idea传统观念traditionalvirtue传统美德assessv.评估assessableadj.可评估的highlightv.突出，强调同义词：emphasize/stress/underlineunderliev.位于…下方underlyingadj.潜在的；根本的potentialadj.潜在的；潜能的component n.成分；元素indicatev.表明；反映同义词：manifest/reflect/show/crystalizeaccessn.进入，获得accesstosth进入，获得accessibleadj.可以进入的，可以获得的个体的全面成长rounded adj.全面的full/comprehensive/roundedgrowth全面发展physicaladj.身体的；物质的physicalcondition身体状况materialadj.物质的materialismn.物质主义emotionaladj.情感的intellectualadj.智力的（知识）intelligencen.智商capabilityn.能力abilityn.能力beabletodo能够做capacityn.容量;能力becapableof能够做facultyn.（五官）能力；教职员工dynamicadj.动态的；充满活力的dynamicsn.动力学energeticadj.精力充沛的vigorousadj.精力充沛的robustadj.精力充沛的；强壮的stimulusn.刺激individualn.个体contextn.语境；环境socialcontext/socialenvironment社会环境challengen.挑战Becausetheyareadjustingtotheirnewbodiesandawholehostofnewintellectualandemotionalchallenges,teenagersareespeciallyself-consciousandneedtheconfidencethatcomesfromachievingsuccessandknowingthattheiraccomplishmentsareadmiredbyothers.能力培养develop/cultivate/nurturev.培养soakv.吸收absorbv.吸收soakupthequalitiesoftheelite吸收精英的好品质strategyn.策略，方式，方法emitv.发散；发出emissionn.排放；散发omitv.省略permitv.允许permissionn.允许permissiveadj.放纵的submitv.递交transmitv.传播；输送subtleadj.不易察觉的；细微的；巧妙的；微妙的ensurev.确保insurev.投保assurev.确保guaranteev.保障优秀成长processn.v.加工deliberateadj.深思熟虑的；故意的deliberationn.深思熟虑ponderv.深思熟虑contemplatev.深思熟虑nurturev.培养foster培养intuitionn.直觉specificadj.具体的entailv.需要require/request/demandv.需要superioradj.比…优秀的；比…出众的besuperiorto比…优秀superiorityn.优势inferioradj.比不上…的inferiorityn.劣势peakn.山峰；巅峰青少年成长adolescentn.青少年teenagern.青少年framen.框架nutritionn.营养malnutritionn.营养不良infectv.受到不良影响withstandv.承受，抵住constrainv.限制同义词：constraint/confine/restrict/limitv.遗传genen.基因获得知识acquirev.获得，兼并acquisitionn.获得，兼并intellectn.知识combinev.结合becombinedwith把二者结合在一起becoupledwith把二者结合在一起bemixedwith把二者融合，混合在一起mixedresult混合结果amixedblessing喜忧参半的事advocaten.v.倡导contemplatev.深思，沉思absorbv.吸收absorbtherisk/shouldertherisk承担风险论文创作thesisn.论文papern.论文compositionn.作文composev.创作，作曲articlen.杂志，期刊文章essayn.简单小文章prosen.散文versen.韵文poemn.诗歌versusprep.对抗versatileadj.八面玲珑的，多才多艺的anniversaryn.周年adverseadj.敌对的haveanadverseeffecton 对…有不利影响adversityn.困难，障碍同义词：obstacle/barrier/setbackadversaryn.敌人，对手同义词：competitor/rival/opponenttitlen.标题abstractn.adj.抽象的concrete/detailedadj.具体的keywords关键词bodyn.主体部分literaturen.文献词：bibliographyacknowledge v.鸣谢阅读程序和方法identify v.识别identificationn.鉴定，识别IDcard身份证identityn.身份culturalidentity文化认同identicaladj.相同的beidenticalto/becomparedto/becomparableto与…相似comparev.类比contrastv.对比intensivereading精读 detailn.细节extensivereading泛读 scopen.领域，知识面skimming/scanning跳读 structuren.结构implicitadj.不明确的explicitadj.明确的，具体的involvev.参与involvementn.参与beinvolvedin参与graspv./n.掌握，抓住haveagoodgrasp/commandof精通，掌握clue/hintn.暗示，提示，线索paveawayfor为…铺平道路pavementn.人行道讨论与争论triggerv.引发spark/irritateaheateddebated引发一场热烈的讨论irritateageneraldebated引发一场大讨论debatev./n.讨论argumentn.观点arguev.认为quarrelv.吵架havearowwithsb吵架row排backrow后排inarow连续dispute v./n.争辩，争论quotev.引用citequoteone’sremark引用别人的评论convincev.说服convincing adj.具有说服力的rumorn.谣言PartSix学科发展话题学科发展branchoflearning/course/subject/discipline n.学科disciplinen.approachn.方式方法，靠近，解决avenuen.林荫小道，方法practicen.实践，方式方法meansn.方法methodn.方式psychologyn.心理学physicsn.物理学accomplishv.完成accomplishment 就thrill v.使…振奋thrilling adj.振奋的，激动人心的reactv.做出…回应reaction回应achainreaction连锁反应recognizev.认可，认出evolvev.发展，演化evolvefrom从..中演化而来evolutionn.演化，进化visionn.视野visitv.参观revisev.修订visibleadj.可以看见的invisibleadj.隐形的envisionv.想象，推测inspirev.激发spiritn.精神气respirev.喘息dispiritv.泄气conspirev.同谋expirev.截止expiredate/deadlinen.截止日期医学diseasen.疾病acuteadj.chronicadj.慢性的，长久的cancern.癌症stroken.中风sunstroke中暑astrokeofmisfortune突遇不幸astrokeofgenius/ablindingflash灵感迸发obesityn.肥胖obeseadj.肥胖的diabetesn.糖尿病detectv.发现，诊断detectiven.侦探symptomn.症状surgeryn.手术plasticsurgery整容removev.移除remove/eliminatepoverty消除贫困medicinen.药物pharmacyn.药房，药剂学tabletn.药片pilln.药片capsulen.胶囊capsuleapartment胶囊公寓海洋世界marineadj.海洋的submarinen.潜水艇actv./n.行为actas/serveas作为endangerv.濒临灭绝extinct adj.灭绝的disastern.灾难同义词：calamity/catastrophetsunamin.海啸droughtn.干旱hurricanen.飓风earthquaken.地震floodn.洪水typhoonn.台风waven.波浪，浪潮，趋势torrentn.暗流，感情的迸发atorrentoftears眼泪纵横eruptionn.迸发eruptv.迸发tiden.浪潮turnthetide/wave/tendency扭转趋势beachn.海滩建筑architecturen.建筑uniqueadj.独一无二stagen.阶段stageofconstruction施工阶段establishv.建立establishmentn.建设scientificestablishment科研机构establishedadj.既定的，固定的well-established/well-foundedadj.有说服力的siten./v.选址selectasite选址locationn.方位belocatedat/in坐落于schemen.规划，诡计，方案同义词：plandesignn./v.设计sketchn.图纸，草图foundationn.地基interioradj.内部的exterioradj.外部的decorationn.装饰decoratev.装饰bedecoratedwith用…装饰completev.完工Wereasontogether,challenge,revise,andcompleteeachother’sreasoningandeachother’sconceptionsofreason.reasonn./v.推理，论证reasoningn.推理能力housev.容纳喜剧的发展gloryn.辉煌gloriousadj.辉煌的glowingadj.热情洋溢的honorn.荣耀legacyn.遗产heritagen.个人遗产legal/legitimateadj.合法的legitimationn.合法化legislaturen.立法机构legendn.传奇legendaryadj.传奇的collegen.大学elegantadj.优雅的elegancen.优雅allegev.宣称同义词：claim/exclaim/proclaimrelegatev.降职，降级delegatev.委派，委任witnessv./n.见证，目击者religionn.宗教religiousadj.宗教的Christiann.基督教tragedyn.悲剧comedyn.喜剧desirev./n.需求，渴望发现艺术perpetualadj.永恒的competev.竞争impetusn.刺激dedicatev.致力于dedicateoneselfto致力于，贡献于，献身于explorev.探索exploitv.剥削，开发，利用，使用explorationn.探索explosiveadj.爆炸性的explosivenews爆炸性新闻explosiveperiod爆炸性时期IE/internetexplore浏览器explorethesolutionstotheproblem探索问题解决方案explorethepossibilityof…探索…可能性eviln.邪恶，罪恶depictv.描绘portrayv.描绘n.肖像miserableadj.悲惨的remindv.提醒remindsbofsthoverlookv.俯视，忽视同义词（组）：ignore/neglect/turnablindeye植物vegetationn.植被vegetablen.蔬菜，植物vegetariann.素质主义者plant植物rootn.根berootedin根植于，扎根于rootout清除，消除ruleout排除rulethat法律规定at(the)root实际上同义词组：inpractice/infact/inessencestemn.茎stemfrom源自于同义词组：originatefrom/derivefrom/comefrombudn.花骨朵budding萌芽期的，初期的inabuddingstage在初期bloomn.blossomn.兴旺发达fruitn.果实fruitfuladj.有成果的同义词：productivereapv.丰收，获得harvestv.丰收，获得reapthebenefitsof…获得…好处Youmustreapwhatyouhavesown. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆天文与文化astronomyn.天文学seekv.寻求seeknaturallawsofcosmos探索宇宙的自然法则obtainv.获得同义词：attain/achieve/getunsurpassedadj.无法超越的fundamentaladj.基本的，重要的matter/count/weighv.重要outweighv.比…更重要observev.观察observern.观察者observationn.观点，想法Yetitisanobservationmadesofrequentlythatitdeservescomment.cosmosn.宇宙universen.宇宙universal广泛的satelliten.卫星planetn.行星galaxyn.银河系orbitn.轨道MilkyWayn.银河英语的发展趋势primaryadj.主要的，根本的，初级的expandv.扩大，膨胀expansion/extensionn.延伸，延长express/extend/conveymyheartfeltgratitude表达真挚的感谢signn.迹象reignv.统治fadev.褪色，褪去bleakadj.暗淡的prospectofemployment就业前景fatsalary高薪haveasayin有决定权multilingualadj.使用多语言的linguist语言学家counterpartn.有着同等地位的人/事countern.柜台，对立counterfeitn.赝品advantagen.优势competentadj.有竞争力的历史年代prehistoricadj.史前的primitiveadj.上古的medievaladj.中世纪的contemporaryadj.当代的tempern.脾气tempon.节奏temporaryn.短暂的uptodate现在的outofdate过时datebackto追述到daten.日期，枣dawnn.黎明，开端同义词：outset开端atthedawnofhumancivilization人类文明开端ancientadj.古老的，古代的annual/yearlyadj.每年的classicaladj.古典的classicadj.经典的chronologyn.年表海洋生物speciesn.种类game n.游戏，猎物changethegame改变格局gamechanger改变格局的人Thelarge,slow-growinganimalswereeasygame,andwerequicklyhuntedtoextinction.prey n.猎物vulnerableadj.易受攻击的bevulnerableto易遭受…同义词组：besusceptibleto/besubjectto/beexposedtoToday’sdouble-incomefamiliesareatgreatfinancialriskinthattheyaremorevulnerabletochangesinfamilyeconomics.exploitv.开发，利用figuren.数据proportionn.比例通关测试-3练习一：请写出下列英文单词的正确释义diplomarecurassesssubtledeliberatecontemplateimplicittriggerrumor练习二：翻译Manypeopleassumethatcharismaticleadershipisagoodthing—usingastrongpersonalitytoinspireloyaltyinothers.Thesenewformswereatfirstmainlywrittenbyscholarsandperformedbyamateurs.TheoriginaldealgrantedChinatherighttonotonlyexplorethefieldbuttoshareintheprofits.ThisviewtookrootinEuropelongbeforepeoplerealizedhowdiverselanguagescouldbe.Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunningtoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.PartSeven科技话题科学实验paneln.小组，仪表盘panelofexperts专家小组randomadj.n.随意subjectschosenatrandom/randomly随意选择对象proceduren.程序；步骤同义词：processdefinev.给…下定义finen.罚款handsomefine巨额罚款definiteadj.确定的，明确的finiteadj.有限的infiniteadj.无止境的，无限的confinev.限制refinev.精炼；完善concentrate v.集中concentrateon集中精力于availableadj.可获得的；有空的；单身的patentn.v.申请专利predictv.预言，预测addictv.使…沉迷beaddictedto沉溺于indicatev.表明；指出dictatev.口述；命令;n.命令dictionaryn.字典contradictory n.adj.矛盾的；反对的controversyn.矛盾，冲突or-oraladj.口头的adorev.在意；爱慕fess-professorn.教授confessv.坦白；承认log-dialoguen.对话cataloguen.目录prologuen.前言，开场白科学研究imaginev.想象imagen.形象；图像；名声reputation/fame/prestigen.名声imaginativeadj.有想象力的imaginaryadj.虚拟的，虚构的imaginableadj.可想象的experimentn.实验；试验make/conduct/perform/carryoutanexperiment 进行试验implementv.实施；执行instrumentn.工具；器械研究手段：surveyn.调查quizn.小测验dataanalysisn.数据分析explainv.解释，说明explanationn.说明，解释illustratev.图解；阐明illustrationn.说明accountfor解释，说明analyzev.分析analysisn.分析comment v.发表评论n.评论commenton 对…评论人工智能AI(artificialintelligence)savelabor节省劳动力convenience便利foreshadowv.预见foreseev.预见v.预先警告forecastv.预测raisev.引起；提高ethicn.伦理ethicaladj.伦理的；道德的consciousnessn.意识imitatev.模仿fascinationn.入迷befascinatedby着迷于sophisticatedadj.世故的；精明的；复杂的同义词：complicated/complexreproducev.复制anticipatev.预计，期望breakthroughn.突破自动化与中产阶级的烦恼auto-automationauto汽车automobile 汽车automaticadj.自动的tendencyn.倾向，趋势annoyv.惹恼；打扰upsetv.惹恼；推翻annoyingadj.讨厌的occupation/vocationn.职业alarmv.警告alarmingadj.令人担忧的；警示的redundantadj.多余的；过剩的displacev.取代boostv.促进；增加boastv.夸耀；炫耀showoff炫耀copev.处理；应对copewith/dealwith处理；应对自动化影响automationn.自动化revolutionn.革命versusprep.对抗，与…相对foreseev.预见fore-forehead额头forearm前臂forefinger食指forefather/ancestor/predecessor祖先offspring/descendant 子孙后代alleviatev.缓解，减轻同义词：relieve/easeatease自由自在threatn.威胁threatenv.威胁formulan.公式；方式，方法augmentn/v.同义词：enhance/boost/promoteaugmenttheworkingefficiency/theprofits 提升效率/利润额argumentn.观点arguev.争论，认为基因与交友genen.基因geneticadj.基因的；遗传的generallyspeaking普遍来说geneticallyspeaking从基因角度来说biologicaladj.生物的biologicalfactor生物上的影响sharev.n.股份share-holder股东significant adj.重要的；数量巨大的；变化明显的同义词：remarkable/sharpresemblev.与…相似mechanismn.机制drivev.驱动drivingforce驱动力similaradj.类似的similarityn.类似assimilatev.同化assimilatingadj.同化的backgroundn.背景数字时代与隐私privacy n.隐私privateadj.私人的privilegen.特权individualn.个人adj.个人的individualinformation 息individualismn.个人主义individuality/individualpersonality个性individualizev.使…个性化individualizedstudyplan个性化的学习方案personaladj.个人的personneln.人事部门；人力资源securityn.安全secureadj.v.保障；确保concealv.隐藏cloudcomputing computen/v.计算computationn.计算warrantn.许可证permissionn.许可，允许disclosev.公开，揭露preferencen.偏爱prefer…to...更喜欢correspondencen.通信；一致correspondv.一致correspondto/with相当于...contentn.内容；目录invadev.入侵invasionn.入侵evadev.离开；逃离establisharuletoprotectourprivacyandpenalizethosewhoinvadeourpersonalinformation伪科学pseudosciencen.伪科学pseudn.伪善者pseudoadj.虚假的，虚伪的pseudo-int