广东省清远市清远三校联考2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题【含答案解析】

清远市2023～2024学年度第二学期期中联合考试高一英语试题说明：本试卷共8页，86题，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。答案须做在答题卡上;选择题填涂需用2B铅笔，主观题需用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答。考试结束后只需交答题卡。第一部分听力(共两节，满分15分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1.WhatcolorT-shirtdoesthemanplantoorder?A.Red.B.Blue.C.Green.2.Whichsectiondoesthemanliketoread?A.News.B.Sports.C.Entertainment.3.Whatjobwillthemanprobablytakeinsummer?A.Lifeguard.B.TourguideC.Swimmingcoach.4.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogoonholiday?A.Turkey.B.Canada.C.Italy.5.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Shark.BCameraC.Movie.第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题;听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.WhattestarethespeakersgoingtotakeonFriday?A.Science.BHistory.C.Music.7.Whydoesthewomanspeakermakethephonecall?A.Todiscusshermathsproblems.B.ToseekhelpwithherEnglishreading.C.Toaskaboutthehomeworkfortomorrow.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatdoesthemanthinkisthecauseofthewoman’sillness?A.Lastnight’sdinner.B.Thehotweather.C.Bottledwater.9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Guestandreceptionist.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makinganinvitation.B.Offeringinformation.C.Askingforpermission.11.WhattimeisthewomangoingtoseethedentistthisSaturday?A.At10:30a.m.BAt12:30p.mC.At4:30p,m12.Whatisthewomangoingtodoafterseeingthedentist?A.Cleanthehouse.B.Takeawalkbythelake.C.HelpJimwithhisscienceproject.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.Whatmakesshopperstired?A.Queuingforelectrically-drivencars.B.Lookingforwhattheywanttobuy.C.Carryingshoppingaround.14.Whatistheproblemforbuildingmovingwalkwaysinthestore?A.Thespace.B.Theredesign.C.Thetechnology.15.Wherewillthecomputersystemsendthethingsshoppersbuy?A.Totheexit.B.TotheshelfC.Totheshoppers’homes.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAreyoulookingforaplacewhereyourkidscanhavefun?Ifyou’re,readon.ZoosandWildlifeParksKidslovewildlife!Therearemanywaystoenjoywildlife.Avisittothezooisagoodstart.Checktheeventcalendarofthezooanddonotmisstheanimalshows.Animalshowsarealwaysinteresting.Therearealsozooswhichallowkidstotouchanimals.Wheretogo?Sydney:FeatherdaleWildlifePark,KoalaParkSanctuary;Brisbane:AlmaParkZoo,LonePineKoalaSanctuary;Perth:CavershamWildlifePark,PenguinIsland.AquariumsPlanatriptotheaquarium.Kidscanwatchaquaristsfeedandtrainseaanimalsthere.Whynotencourageyourkidstobeaquariumkeepersforaday?Wheretogo?Sydney:OceanworldManly,SydneyAquarium;Melbourne:MelboumeAquarium;Perth:theAquariumofWesternAustralia.WildlifeCruise(游览）Anotherwayofgettingtoknowwildlifeistotakeawildlifecruise.Watchanimalssuchaswhales,dolphins,penguinsaswellasotherseabirds.Makesurethatyourchildrenaresupervisedatalltimesfortheirownsafety.Remembertoclotheyourkidswithwarmclothingandbringahat.Wheretogo?Perth:RockinghamDolphins;Carins:GreatBarrierReef;Tasmania:PeppermintBayCruise;HerveyBay:WhaleWatching.MuseumsChildrenlovegoingtomuseums.Theyoffermanyactivitiesforthemtolearnandhavefun.Differentmuseumshavedifferentthemes(主题).Learnabouttheprogramsofthemuseumsbeforeyougotoone.Wheretogo?Sydney:SydneyChildren'sMuseum;Adelaide:CharlesSturtMuseum;Brisbane:MuseumofBrisbane;Perth:thePerthMint.1.Wherecanyougoifyoulovewatchingseaanimals?A.SydneyAquarium. B.KoalaParkSanctuary.C.CavershamWildlifePark. D.LonePineKoalaSanctuary.2.Whatareparentsadvisedtodowhentheytakeawildlifecruise?A.Wearwarmclothes. B.Keepaneyeontheirkids.C.Feedandtrainseaanimals. D.Communicatewithaquariumkeepers.3.WhowouldprefertogotothePerthMint?A.Kidswhowantatripoutdoors. B.Kidswholikedifferentactivities.C.Kidswholovewatchingwildlife. D.Kidswholovevisitingmuseums.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几处适合带孩子游玩的地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Aquariums部分的“Kidscanwatchaquaristsfeedandtrainseaanimalsthere.(孩子们可以在那里观看水族馆的饲养和训练海洋动物)”可知，如果你喜欢看海洋动物，你可以去悉尼水族馆。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据WildlifeCruise(游览)部分的“Makesurethatyourchildrenaresupervisedatalltimesfortheirownsafety.(为了你的孩子的安全，请确保他们在任何时候都受到监督)”可知，当孩子们乘坐野生动物游船时，父母们被建议照看好他们的孩子。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Museums部分的“Childrenlovegoingtomuseums.(孩子们喜欢去博物馆)”和“Perth:thePerthMint”可知，喜欢参观博物馆的孩子们会更喜欢去PerthMint。故选D。BLastMonday,IvisitedJalanBesartofindanewfanbladeforastandingfanthatmydaughtershadbroken.I’dworkedintheJalanBesararea30yearsagoandrememberedthattherewerelotsofsmallhardwareshopssellingunusualthingssoIthoughtthatIwouldhavenoproblemfindingafanblade.However,afterwalkingaroundforalmostanhour,Ifoundoutthattheseshopswerenolongeraround.WhenIwasreadytogiveupandgohome,Ispottedanold-fashionedhardwarestore.Afterbeinggreetedbyawoman,Iexplainedmypredicament.Sheimmediatelyaskedmetoshowherthebrokenblade.Outofnowhere,amanwholookedtobeinhis60scameout.Heaskedtoseethebladeandthendisappearedintotheshop.HecamebackwithabladebutitdidnotlookthesameaswhatIhadinmyhand.Wecomparedthetwobladesandhesaidthatitmightwork.Iaskedhimhowmuchitwas.Hetoldmethathehadtakenthebladeoffanoldfanthatsomeonehadbroughtinforrepair.Hesaid:“Itdidn’tcostmeanything,sowhyshouldIchargeyouforit?”Thatreallytouchedme.Itookthebladehomeanditworkperfectly!Mydaughtersgota“new”fanfornothing.WhenItoldthemthisstory,theywereshockedastheyareusedtopatronizingbigmodernshopswhereeverythingistransactionalandtheemployeesgostrictlybythebook.Notsomuchmywife.Sheisalmostinher60s,andsaidthisremindedherofthekindauntiesanduncleswhousedtorunsmallshopsandwerealwaysreadytohelpotherswhenshewasgrowingup.4.WhydidtheauthorgotoJalanBesar?A.Tovisitoldfriends. B.Tofixthebrokenfan.C.Toapplyforajob. D.Tobuyanewfan.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“predicament”inparagraph3mean?A.Nervousmood. B.Anxiouswaiting. C.Difficultsituation. D.Embarrassingmoments.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheoldman?A.Honestandhelpful. B.Kindandbrave.C.Determinedandcurious. D.Open-mindedandhumorous.7.Howdidtheauthor’swifereacttohisexperience?A.Shethoughtlittleofit. B.Shewasgreatlysurprised.C.Shecouldn’tbelieveit. D.Sherememberedtheolddays.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去商店买风扇的叶片，结果没有买到。一个老人免费给了作者一个能用的叶片，作者非常受感动。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“LastMonday,IvisitedJalanBesartofindanewfanbladeforastandingfanthatmydaughtershadbroken.(上周一，我去JalanBesar为我女儿们弄坏的一个立式风扇找了一个新风扇叶片)”可知，作者去JalanBesar是为了修理坏掉的风扇。故选B。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“I’dworkedintheJalanBesararea30yearsagoandrememberedthattherewerelotsofsmallhardwareshopssellingunusualthingssoIthoughtthatIwouldhavenoproblemfindingafanblade.However,afterwalkingaroundforalmostanhour,Ifoundoutthattheseshopswerenolongeraround.(30年前，我在JalanBesar地区工作过，记得那里有很多小五金店出售不寻常的东西，所以我想我可以很容易地找到一个风扇叶片。然而，在走了将近一个小时后，我发现这些商店已经不在了)”可知，作者找不到可以买到风扇叶片的商店了，即遇到了困境。故画线词意思是“困境”。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Heaskedtoseethebladeandthendisappearedintotheshop.HecamebackwithabladebutitdidnotlookthesameaswhatIhadinmyhand.Wecomparedthetwobladesandhesaidthatitmightwork.(他要求看一下那叶片，然后就消失在店里了。他拿着一个叶片回来了，但它看起来和我手里的不一样。我们比较了两种叶片，他说可能有用)”以及第五段“Hesaid:“Itdidn’tcostmeanything,sowhyshouldIchargeyouforit?”(他说：“我没花一分钱，为什么要收你钱呢？”)”可推知，老人诚实又乐于助人。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Sheisalmostinher60s,andsaidthisremindedherofthekindauntiesanduncleswhousedtorunsmallshopsandwerealwaysreadytohelpotherswhenshewasgrowingup.(她已经快60岁了，她说这让她想起了自己成长过程中善良的叔叔阿姨，他们曾经经营着小商店，总是乐于帮助别人)”可知，作者的妻子记得过去的日子。故选D。CThoseofusmakinggrandtravelplansmightwanttoconsiderthefinalfrontierasadestination.That’sbecauseOrbitalAssemblyCorporation,anewconstructioncompanyrunbyformerpilotJohnBlincow,isplanningtoopenaluxuryspacehotelby2027.VoyagerStation,asit’sbeingcalled,willaccommodate280guestsand112crewmembers,aimingtobethefirstcommercialspacehoteluponcompletion.“We’retryingtomakethepublicrealizethatthisgoldenageofspacetravelisjustaroundthecorner.It’scoming.It’scomingfast,”Blincowsaidinaninterview.Thegoldenageofspacetraveliscomingindeed,asspacetourismhasdrawntheattentionofRichardBransonandElonMusk.Andit’sthelatterthatBlincowandhisteamhopetopartnerinthenearfuture.“WecannotcallMusk’sSpaceXourpartner,butinthefuturewelookforwardtoworkingwiththem,”Blincowsaid.Thephysicsinvolvedinsleepingwithinaspacehotelissimilartospinning(旋转)waterinabucket(桶).Muchinthesamewayonecanspinabucketinacircle,keepingthewaterinsideit,thespacehotelwillsimulategravityinasimilarmanner.Thismakescomfortableroomsandstylishbarexperiencespossible.Butformanyvisitorswhoventuresofar,feelingtheweightlessness(失重)ofspaceisabigpartoftheappeal(吸引力).Theteamplanstoservetraditionalspacefoodsuchasfreeze-driedicecreaminthehotel’srestaurant.Thereareplansforrecreationalactivitiessuchasbasketballgameswhereparticipantscanjumphigherduetotheweightlessnessoftheenvironment.Theteamhasalreadyassuredthepublicthattheyplantoeventuallymakeastayatthehotelsomethingsimilartoacruise.8.WhatcanweknowaboutVoyagerStation?A.Itaimstotrainpilots. B.Itwillbeconstructed.C.It’sthenameofaspaceship. D.Ithasbeenputintouse.9.WhyareRichardBransonandElonMuskmentionedinparagraph2?A.Tostressthecomingofspacetravel. B.Toshowthepopularityofthem.C.TolistBlincow’spartnersatpresent. D.Toshowexamplesofspacecompanies.10.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphfocuson?A.Stylishbars. B.Waterinabucket.C.Thespacetravelexperience. D.Thephysicsinvolvedinthespacehotel.11.Whichofthefollowingmayattractvisitorsgreatlywhentheyarelivinginthespacehotel?A.Itsroomrate. B.Itsfarawaylocation.C.Feelingtheweightlessnessofspace. D.Playingbasketballwithfamousplayers.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一家由前飞行员约翰·布林考经营的新建筑公司，计划在2027年之前开设一家豪华太空酒店。介绍了这家酒店的特色。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“That’sbecauseOrbitalAssemblyCorporation,anewconstructioncompanyrunbyformerpilotJohnBlincow,isplanningtoopenaluxuryspacehotelby2027.VoyagerStation,asit’sbeingcalled,willaccommodate280guestsand112crewmembers,aimingtobethefirstcommercialspacehoteluponcompletion.(这是因为轨道装配公司，一家由前飞行员约翰·布林考经营的新建筑公司，计划在2027年之前开设一家豪华太空酒店。它被称为旅行者站，将容纳280名客人和112名机组人员，目标是建成后成为第一家商业太空酒店)”可知，旅行者站将被建造。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““We’retryingtomakethepublicrealizethatthisgoldenageofspacetravelisjustaroundthecorner.It’scoming.It’scomingfast,”Blincowsaidinaninterview.Thegoldenageofspacetraveliscomingindeed,asspacetourismhasdrawntheattentionofRichardBransonandElonMusk.(“我们正试图让公众意识到，太空旅行的黄金时代即将到来。它的到来。它来得很快，”Blincow在一次采访中说。随着理查德·布兰森和埃隆·马斯克对太空旅游的关注，太空旅行的黄金时代即将到来)”可推知，第二段提到了理查德·布兰森和埃隆马斯克是为了强调太空旅行的到来。故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Thephysicsinvolvedinsleepingwithinaspacehotelissimilartospinning(旋转)waterinabucket(桶).Muchinthesamewayonecanspinabucketinacircle,keepingthewaterinsideit,thespacehotelwillsimulategravityinasimilarmanner.Thismakescomfortableroomsandstylishbarexperiencespossible.(在太空旅馆里睡觉的物理原理类似于桶里旋转的水。太空旅馆将以类似的方式模拟重力，就像人们可以把水桶旋转成一个圆圈，让水留在桶里一样。这使得舒适的房间和时尚的酒吧体验成为可能)”可知，第三段重点介绍了太空旅馆的物理原理。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Butformanyvisitorswhoventuresofar,feelingtheweightlessness(失重)ofspaceisabigpartoftheappeal(吸引力).(但对于许多到目前为止冒险的游客来说，感受太空的失重感是吸引力的很大一部分)”可知，住在太空旅馆时，感觉太空的失重状态可能会极大地吸引游客。故选C。DAnewstudyshowsgirlsandboysasyoungassevenhavethechoiceofjobswithgenderdifferences.Girlschoosejobsbasedoncareandlove,whileboyschoosejobsbasedonmoneyandpower.ProfessorLauraScholesandDrSarahMcDonaldsurveyed332Year3studentsfrom14Australianschools.TheyfoundthatthetopprofessionsforboysincludedsportsandSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmathematics)relatedjobs,whilegirls,ontheotherhand,wantedtobeteachersornurses.ProfessorScholessaidtheinfluenceofgenderstereotypes(刻板印象)onsuchchoicesbeginsinearlychildhood.“Brightpinktoysforgirlsandbluetoysforboysaresoldonstoreshelvesaroundtheworld.”shesaid,“Intheboys’section,you’llfindscience,constructionandwarfaretoys—perhapsarobotoratelescope.Inthegirls’section,you’llseetoysrelatedtocleaning,dolls,kitchens,makeup,jewelleryandcrafts.”“ThisresultsinlowernumbersofgirlstakingSTEMsubjectsatschool.Inturn,thismeansfewerwomenaregoingtoworkinthesciences.”ProfessorScholes’scommentscameaswomenmakeuponly2percentoftheSTEMworkforce,withthebiggestgapinthehighest-paidjobsofcomputerscienceandengineering.InAustralia,somebrandsarenolongertargetingboysorgirlswiththeirtoys.DanishtoygiantLegolastweekannouncedthattheywouldremovegenderstereotypesfromtheirtoys,afteraglobalstudyfoundthat71percentofboysfearedbeingmadefunofforplayingwithtoysmarketedatgirls.Legosaiditsproductsweremainlyusedbyboys,butitpromisedtoworktoremovegenderpreferencefromitstoysandinsteadmarketthemforbothgenders.12.Whichofthefollowingjobsdotheboystendtochoose?A.Programmers B.Teachers C.Nurses D.Dressers13.WhydofewergirlschooseSTEMsubjectsaccordingtoProfessorScholes?A.Becauseoftheinfluenceofgenderstereotypes.B.Becauseoftheirdesiretobeteachersornurses.C.Becauseoftheirhobbiesbasedoncareandlove.D.Becausethejobsconcernedwithsciencesarelow-paid.14.WhatdidsomebrandsdoinAustralia?A.Advertisetheirproductsforboys.B.Advertisetheirproductsforbothgenders.C.Targetboysorgirlswiththeirproducts.D.Usinggenderstereotypesfromtheirtoys.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FewergirlschooseSTEMsubjectsB.CleverchildrenloveSTEMsubjectsC.BrandstargetchildrenwiththeirtoysbasedongenderD.Genderdifferencesaffectjobchoosingforchildren【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究表明性别差异影响孩子的工作选择。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheyfoundthatthetopprofessionsforboysincludedsportsandSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmathematics)relatedjobs,whilegirls,ontheotherhand,wantedtobeteachersornurses.(他们发现，最受男孩欢迎的职业包括体育和STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)相关的工作，而另一方面，女孩则想成为教师或护士。)”以及D项“化妆师”本身就是一个女性主导的职业，可知，男孩倾向于选择程序员的工作，故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ProfessorScholessaidtheinfluenceofgenderstereotypes(刻板印象)onsuchchoicesbeginsinearlychildhood.“Brightpinktoysforgirlsandbluetoysforboysaresoldonstoreshelvesaroundtheworld.”shesaid,“Intheboys’section,you’llfindscience,constructionandwarfaretoys—perhapsarobotoratelescope.Inthegirls’section,you’llseetoysrelatedtocleaning,dolls,kitchens,makeup,jewelleryandcrafts.”(斯科尔斯教授表示，性别刻板印象对这些选择的影响始于童年早期。世界各地的商店货架上都有亮粉色的女孩玩具和蓝色的男孩玩具。她说，“在男孩区，你会发现科学、建筑和战争玩具——也许是机器人或望远镜。”在女孩区，你会看到与清洁、娃娃、厨房、化妆品、珠宝和工艺品相关的玩具。”)”和第四段““ThisresultsinlowernumbersofgirlstakingSTEMsubjectsatschool.Inturn,thismeansfewerwomenaregoingtoworkinthesciences.”ProfessorScholes’scommentscameaswomenmakeuponly2percentoftheSTEMworkforce,withthebiggestgapinthehighest-paidjobsofcomputerscienceandengineering.(“这导致在学校学习STEM课程的女孩人数减少。反过来，这意味着更少的女性将从事科学工作。”斯科尔斯教授发表此番言论之际，女性仅占STEM劳动力的2%，在计算机科学和工程等收入最高的工作岗位上，女性与女性的差距最大。)”可知，根据斯科尔斯教授的说法，选择STEM科目的女孩越来越少是因为性别刻板印象的影响。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“InAustralia,somebrandsarenolongertargetingboysorgirlswiththeirtoys.DanishtoygiantLegolastweekannouncedthattheywouldremovegenderstereotypesfromtheirtoys,afteraglobalstudyfoundthat71percentofboysfearedbeingmadefunofforplayingwithtoysmarketedatgirls.Legosaiditsproductsweremainlyusedbyboys,butitpromisedtoworktoremovegenderpreferencefromitstoysandinsteadmarketthemforbothgenders.(在澳大利亚，一些品牌的玩具不再以男孩或女孩为目标。丹麦玩具巨头乐高上周宣布，他们将取消玩具中的性别刻板印象，此前一项全球研究发现，71%的男孩担心玩面向女孩的玩具会被取笑。乐高表示，其产品主要由男孩使用，但它承诺将努力消除玩具中的性别偏好，销售不再有性别差异。)”可知，在澳大利亚，一些品牌玩具消除具中的性别偏好，为他们的产品做男女通用的广告。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Anewstudyshowsgirlsandboysasyoungassevenhavethechoiceofjobswithgenderdifferences.(一项新的研究表明，七岁的男孩和女孩在选择工作时存在性别差异。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍研究表明性别差异影响孩子的工作选择。所以“Genderdifferencesaffectjobchoosingforchildren(性别差异影响孩子的工作选择)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。StanduptoBullying(欺凌)Ifyouorsomeoneyouknowisbeingbullied,itcanbehandtoknowwheretoturnforhelp.Inthiscase,there’stheAnti-BullyingWeek,whichisheldfrom14to18November.___16___.ManyschoolsintheUKtakepartinthisevent.Whatisbullying?___17___.Bullyingiswhenapersonorgroupofpeoplehurtssomeoneelsebyfrighteningthemormakingthemfeelbad.Repeatedlymakingfunofsomeoneortellingliesaboutthemisalsobullying.Bullyingcanhappeninpersonandonline.TheeffectsofbullyingBeingbulliedhasnothingtodowithyourhaircolor,whatclothesyouwear,howyouwalkortalk.___18___.Everybodyisdifferentandthat’swhatmakesyouamazing.However,bullyingcanmakeyoufeelaloneandscared,andcanalsomakeitdifficultforyoutoconcentrateinlessonsormakenewfriends.Thatiswhyitissoimportanttoreachouttoatrustedadultorfriendandtakethefirststepingettinghelp.___19___.Ifyou’rebeingbullied,it’simportanttotellsomeonewhat’shappening.Ifyoufindithardtoshareyourfeelings,practisesayingthingsoutloudfirstorwritingaletterinstead.Youcanhelpsomeoneelsewhoisbeingbulliedbyshowingthatyoucareaboutthem.___20___.Beingthereforotherpeoplewhentheyaresufferingbullyingsendsamessagetoeveryonethatbullyingisneveracceptable.A.Howtostopbullying?B.Thishelpmakesabigdifferencetoo.C.Inaword,it’snotyourfaulttobebullied.D.Wheretoseekhelp,fromteachersorfriends?E.Sadly,30%ofchildrenintheUKwerebulliedlastyear.F.Itincludesmakingthreatsorhurtingsomeonephysically.G.TheWeekshowshowpeoplecanhelpandsupporteachother.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.A20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。每年的11月14日至18日是“反欺凌周”。本文围绕霸凌的表现形式，造受欺凌对被欺凌人产生的影响，以及我们应谁如何应对欺凌现象。【详解】1.前文“Ifyouorsomeoneyouknowisbeingbullied,itcanbehandtoknowwheretoturnforhelp.Inthiscase,there’stheAnti-BullyingWeek,whichisheldfrom14to18November.(如果你或你认识的人被欺负了，知道去哪里寻求帮助是很有用的。在这种情况下，有了反欺凌周，在11月14日至18日举行。)”提到人们不知遭遇到欺凌的时候向谁求助，于是有了每年的“反欺凌周”。G项“这一周展示了人们如何互相帮助和支持。”说这个活动的目的，向人们展示如何互相帮助和支持，前后文是递进关系，关键词“TheWeek、helpandsupporteachother”，故选G。

2.根据标题“Whatisbullying?(什么是欺凌?)”可知，本段讲述欺凌的含义，下文“Bullyingiswhenapersonorgroupofpeoplehurtssomeoneelsebyfrighteningthemormakingthemfeelbad.Repeatedlymakingfunofsomeoneortellingliesaboutthemisalsobullying.Bullyingcanhappeninpersonandonline.(欺凌是指一个人或一群人通过恐吓或让他们感觉不好来伤害别人。反复取笑别人或说谎也是欺凌。欺凌可能发生在现实生活中，也可能发生在网络上。)”讲述欺凌的各种形式，F项“它包括威胁或伤害某人的身体。”也是讲述什么是欺凌，故选F。3.前文“Beingbulliedhasnothingtodowithyourhaircolor,whatclothesyouwear,howyouwalkortalk.(被欺负与你的头发颜色、你穿什么衣服、你走路或说话的方式无关。)”说你被欺凌与你的肤色、衣着或者举动没有关系，C项“总之，被人欺凌，这不是你的错”呼应前文。故选C。4.空处是段落标题。根据下文“Ifyou’rebeingbullied,it’simportanttotellsomeonewhat’shappening.Ifyoufindithardtoshareyourfeelings,practisesayingthingsoutloudfirstorwritingaletterinstead.Youcanhelpsomeoneelsewhoisbeingbulliedbyshowingthatyoucareaboutthem.(如果你被欺负了，告诉别人发生了什么很重要。如果你发现很难分享你的感受，那就先练习大声说出来，或者写封信。你可以通过关心别人来帮助那些被欺负的人。)”可知，这一段说的是如何应对和阻止欺凌现象的发生，因此选A“如何阻止欺凌?”作为主题句。故选A。5.前文“Youcanhelpsomeoneelsewhoisbeingbulliedbyshowingthatyoucareaboutthem.(你可以通过关心别人来帮助那些被欺负的人。)”讲述关心那些被欺凌的人，B项中的的“Thishelp”指代前文提到的“关心被敬凌的人”，关心被欺凌的人会产生很大影响，因此B项“这也有很大的影响。”符合语境，故选B。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Rosshadserioushealthissuesatbirthandwasgivenalessthan1%ofliving.Despitethis,he____21____hisfirstdaysoflife,butthehealth____22____continued.Shortlyafterbirth,doctors____23____thatRosshadabraininjury.____24____byhisfamily,Rosscontinuedto____25____hislife.BythetimeRosswasonlytwomonthsold,hehadalreadyhadoneheartsurgeryandthreebrainsurgeries.Despitemany____26____,Rossmadeitthroughthoseearlydaysandmonths.Thekeywashis____27____attitude,faith,spiritandhavinga____28____thatsupportedhimineverythinghewantedtodo!Hisfamily____29____toneversay“no”tothingsthatRosswantedtodoortry.AndRosswantedtodoalot!Hewantedtobelikeeveryoneelseandhadabiginfluenceonthepeopleandworldaroundhim.Whereotherssaw_____30_____,hesawthingstheyhadincommon.Rosswasalsoa_____31_____friendtomany.Hegenuinelycaredaboutotherpeopleandalwaystriedto_____32_____hisgreatattitudetothosearoundhim.Whenpeoplewere_____33_____,hewouldencouragethem.Ross_____34_____alotofhisstrengthfromhisfaithandhisfamily.Heoncetoldhisschoolnursehis_____35_____foodwashisfamily.Theyjustfilledhimupwithsomuchlove.21.A.forgot B.established C.survived D.overlooked22.A.problems B.message C.recovery D.movement23.Apretended B.suggested C.heard D.learned24.A.Donated B.Attracted C.Supported D.Promoted25.A.fightfor B.accountfor C.lookfor D.standfor26.A.benefits B.protests C.goals D.challenges27.A.passive B.amazing C.selfish D.professional28.A.belief B.friend C.family D.doctor29.A.refused B.hated C.hesitated D.agreed30.A.differences B.disadvantages C.possibilities D.similarities31.A.mean B.potential C.great D.strange32.A.report B.spread C.prove D.contribute33.A.listening B.competing C.retiring D.struggling34.A.lost B.gained C.regarded D.controlled35.A.favorite B.previous C.confusing D.traditional【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，叙述了Ross出生就有严重的健康问题，为此他进行了多次手术。虽然身体不好，但他一直以乐观、积极地心态影响和鼓励身边的人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他挺过了生命的最初几天，但健康问题仍在继续。A.forgot忘记；B.established建立；C.survived幸存，存活；D.overlooked忽视。根据“Rosshadserioushealthissuesatbirth”及“hisfirstdaysoflife”可知，罗斯出生时有严重的健康问题，但是，他在生命的最初几天存活下来了。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.problems问题；B.message消息；C.recovery恢复；D.movement运动。根据“Rosshadserioushealthissuesatbirth”及“butthehealth____2____continued”可知，虽然活了下来，罗斯的健康问题还是存在并继续。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：出生后不久，医生得知罗斯有脑损伤。A.pretended假装；B.suggested建议；C.heard听到；D.learned学习，了解，知道。根据“thatRosshadabraininjury.”可知，医生之后得知，罗斯有脑部损伤。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在家人的支持下，罗斯继续为自己的生命而战。A.Donated捐赠；B.Attracted吸引；C.Supported支持；D.Promoted提升、促进。根据“Rosscontinuedto____5____hislife”可知，虽然身有顽疾，但是在家人的支持下，继续活着。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.fightfor为……奋斗；B.accountfor解释，占比；C.lookfor寻找；D.standfor代表。根据上文“Shortlyafterbirth,doctors____3____thatRosshadabraininjury.”可知，罗斯有脑部疾病，所以想要活着就要努力奋斗，与疾病做斗争。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临许多挑战，罗斯还是挺过了最初的日子和几个月。A.benefits益处；B.protests抗议；C.goals目标；D.challenges挑战。根据前文“BythetimeRosswasonlytwomonthsold,hehadalreadyhadoneheartsurgeryandthreebrainsurgeries.”可知，罗斯经历了很多手术，遇到了很多挑战。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关键是他令人惊叹的态度、信念、精神，还有一个支持他做任何他想做的事的家庭！A.passive被动的，消极的；B.amazing令人惊叹的；C.selfish自私的；D.professional专业的。根据“attitude,faith,spirit”可知，罗斯能存活的关键是他的令人惊叹的态度，此处的形容词为积极的感情色彩。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.belief信念；B.friend朋友；C.family家庭，家人；D.doctor医生。根据下文“Hisfamily____9____toneversay“no”tothingsthatRosswantedtodoortry.”可知，罗斯的成长离不开家庭的支持。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的家人同意永远不拒绝罗斯想做或尝试的事情。A.refused拒绝；B.hated讨厌；C.hesitated犹豫；D.agreed同意。根据“toneversay“no”tothingsthatRosswantedtodoortry”可知，家人同意永远都不会拒绝罗斯的想法和尝试。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在别人看到不同的地方，他看到了他们的共同点。A.differences不同；B.disadvantages劣势；C.possibilities可能性；D.similarities相似性。根据“hesawthingstheyhadincommon.”可知，罗斯和别人是不一样的，别人觉得不同的地方，他认为他们和自己是一样的。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：罗斯也是很多人的好朋友。A.mean吝啬的，刻薄的；B.potential有潜力的；C.great伟大的，好的；D.strange奇怪的。根据下文“Hegenuinelycaredaboutotherpeople”可知，罗斯也是很多人的好朋友。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他真诚地关心他人，并总是试图将他的好态度传播给周围的人。A.report报告；B.spread传播，蔓延；C.prove证明；D.contribute贡献。根据“hisgreatattitudetothosearoundhim”可知，罗斯想要将自己积极的态度传播给周围的人。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们挣扎时，他会鼓励他们。A.listening听；B.competing竞争；C.retiring退休；D.struggling努力，挣扎，抗争。根据“hewouldencouragethem”可知，他会在人们抗争、挣扎的时候鼓励他们。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗斯从他的信仰和家庭中获得了很多力量。A.lost失去；B.gained获得；C.regarded认为；D.controlled控制。根据“fromhisfaithandhisfamily”可知，罗斯从自己的信念和家人中获得了力量。故选B项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他曾经告诉学校的护士，他最喜欢的食物是他的家人。A.favorite最喜欢的；B.previous之前的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.traditional传统的。根据“Theyjustfilledhimupwithsomuchlove.”可知，他将家人看作食物，给他“填充”了许多爱。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It’swell-knownthatMarch12thisChina’sannualNationalTreePlantingDay.____36____thisday,peoplethroughoutChina,willtakespades(铲子)andbuckets(桶)aswellasyoungtrees,andgoout____37____(green)theirhometowns.Asamatteroffact,China’sTreePlantingDaycoulddatebacktoaproposal____38____(make)bySunYat-sen(1866-1925)andQingMingFestival(April5th)wasadopted(采纳)asTreePlantingDaythen.However,April5thwasalatetimefortree-plantinginSouthernChina,soitwaschangedtoMarch12thinhonourofSunYat-sen,____39____passedawayonMarch12th.InFebruary1979,the5thNationalPeople’sCongressofPeople’sRepublicofChina____40____(announce)thatMarch12thwouldbetakenasTreePlantingDay,requiringthewholecountrytocarryouttreeplanting____41____(activity)onMarch12th.Inrecentyears,thetraditionoftree-plantinginthespring____42____(observe)byChinesepeople.Forthoselivinginthebig