语法词汇词性转换

学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载考点一、形容词转化为副词形容词加­ly变副词的规律1．一般情况下，直接在形容词的词尾加­lypolite→politely有礼貌地careful→carefully细心地2．以­y结尾的形容词把y改为i,再加­lyhappy→happily高兴地easy→easily容易地例外：shy→shyly害羞地3．以­le结尾的形容词需去掉e再加­ygentle→gently温和地possible→possibly可能地4.以­ue结尾的形容词需去掉e再加­lytrue→truly真实地考点二、名词与形容词的转化1．名词变形容词时常加的后缀：­alnature→natural自然的nation→national国家的­erneast→eastern东方的north→northern北方的­fulcare→careful仔细的，小心的mouth→mouthful一口­engold→golden金色的，金的wood→wooden木质的­lesscare→careless粗心的harm→harmless无害的­anEurope→European欧洲的America→American美国的­ablereason→reasonable合理的comfort→comfortable舒适的­ishfool→foolish愚蠢的child→childish孩子般的­ydirt→dirty脏的wind→windy有风的­lyfriend→friendly友好的love→lovely可爱的2．形容词变名词时常加的后缀：­nesshappy→happiness幸福ill→illness疾病­thtrue→truth真理warm→warmth温暖­ydifficult→difficulty困难考点三、形容词与动词的转化1．形容词变动词时常加的前、后缀：en­rich→enrich丰富able→enable使能够­enwide→widen加宽sharp→sharpen削尖short→shorten缩短soft→soften软化­izemodern→modernize现代化­ysimple→simplify简化2．动词变形容词时常加的后缀：­ouscontinue→continuous持续的vary→various各种各样的­edexcite→excited感到兴奋的surprise→surprised吃惊的­ingexcite→exciting令人兴奋的surprise→surprising令人吃惊的考点四、动词转化为名词动词变名词时常加的后缀：­ionoperate→operation手术­ationprepare→preparation准备­siondecide→decision决定conclude→conclusion结论­mentargue→argument争论judge→judgment判断­anceaccept→acceptance接受appear→appearance出现­encerefer→reference参考exist→existence存在­alrefuse→refusal拒绝arrive→arrival到达­er/­orteach→teacher教师direct→director导演考点五、普通名词转化为特定人物常跟在名词后用来指人的后缀：­eroffice→officer官员farm→farmer农夫­eseChina→Chinese中国人Japan→Japanese日本人­ianmusic→musician音乐家Canada→Canadian加拿大人­istscience→scientist科学家novel→novelist小说家考点六、形容词、副词的否定前缀1．un­＋形容词unhappy不高兴的unlucky不走运的unfair不公平的unusual不同寻常的unimportant不重要的2．un­＋副词unusually不同寻常地unluckily不走运地unhappily不高兴地unfortunately不幸地3．im­＋形容词impossible不可能的impolite不礼貌的impatient没有耐心的4．in­＋形容词incorrect不正确的independent独立的[随堂即时训练]Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2014·湖北高考)Hermotivationforwritingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation(educate)．2．(2014·贵州六校联考)Herejectedtheideathathecouldnotdoarithmeticandwasdetermined(determine)toshowthemthathecould.3.(2014·山西师大附中模拟)Thisnewmix­and­matchjunkfoodtrendhastakenoffamongyoungaudiencesdespiteitsunhealthy(health)nature.4．(2014·长春模拟)Beginninganewlifeinanewplacecanbeverypuzzling(puzzle)．5．(2014·吉林大学附中模拟)Theyareplanningtowiden(wide)theroadoutsideourhouse.6．(2014·贵州模拟)Heputthemedicineinatopdrawertomakesureitwouldnotbeaccessible(access)tothekids.7．(2014·银川模拟)Ifweleaverightaway,hopefully(hopeful)we'llarriveontime.8．Hetookamouthful(mouth)ofthebittermedicineandmadeaface.Ⅱ.语法填空(重点训练词性转换)Afathersatathisdesklookingatandcarefullystudyinghis1.monthly(month)billwhenhisyoungsonrushedinandannounced.“Dad,becausethisisyourbirthdayandyouare55yearsold,I'mgoingtogiveyou55kisses,oneforeachyear！”2.Butthefatherexclaimed,“Oh,Peter,don'tdoitnow.I'mtoobusy！”Theboyimmediatelyfell3.silent(silence)astearsrolleddownfromhisbigblueeyes.Thefathersaid,“Youcanfinishlater.”Theboysaidnothingbut4.quietly(quiet)walkedaway,5.disappointment(disappoint)writtenoverhisface.Thateveningthefathersaid,“Comeandfinishthekissesnow,Peter！”Buttheboydidn'trespond.6．Unfortunately(fortunate),theboyhadanaccidentandwasdrowned.Hisheartbrokenfatherwrote,“IfonlyI7.couldtellhimhowmuchIregretmythoughtlesswordsandmakesurethatheknowshowmuchmyheartisaching.”Loveisatwo­waystreet.Anylovingactmustbe8.warmly(warm)accepted.Nothingismore9.important(importance)thanrespondingwithlovetothecryforlovefromthose10.whoarenearandprecioustous.[专题检测]用所给单词的适当形式填空1．Marywasverysadatthenews,soshelookedsadlyatherhusband,hereyesfullofsadness.(sad)2．Heplayedfootballverywellandhewasoneofthebestplayersinyesterday'sfootballmatch.(play)3．Look！HowhappilyKateislaughing！Sheseemstobethehappiestgirlintheworld.(happy)4．Tooursatisfactio