全球VoIP社区平台Discord行业市场前景及投资研究报告-培训课件外文版2024.5

DIGITAL

&TRENDSDiscordAbusiness

teardown

of

VoIP

andcommunity

platform

DiscordFrom

fringetomarketable:

How

doesDiscordmake

money?ExecutivesummaryDiscordbeganas

amobile

gamingcompany,

but

afterredirecting

itsefforts

in2016

towardcreating

atailor-made

communication

platformforgamers,

itreachedunicorn

status

within

two

years.

Withavaluationof

14.7

billion

U.S.

dollarsin2021,

the

companystartedtolookinto

thepossibility

ofgoing

public.After

observing

aslowdown

indigitalmarketgrowth

throughout

2022

and2023,

plansfor

aDiscordIPO

havenot

yetmaterialized.in

2023.

The

qualityof

the

featuresoffered

in

itspaidversionmakesitanattractiveoption

forcontent

creators,but

regularusersmightfind

limitedbenefits

insubscribing.•

The

platformdoes

notincludealive

feedandis

organizedinsemi-decentralized

thematic

communities.

In2023,

itwasestimatedthatDiscordhad19million

weeklyactive

servers.

Brandscansetupserverstointeract

withsupporters

andprospective

customers.•

Discord’s

valueproposition

as

acommunicationplatformisone

of

itsstrongest

selling

points.Userson

Discord

can

interact

viachatorvoice

channels,

as

wellas

sharetheirscreens

andlivestreamcontent.Asof

August

2022,

userswereexchanging

fourbillion

messages

onDiscorddaily.•

Discord’s

main

challenges

are

its

competitors

and

direct

monetization.The

platform

must

compete

with

ad-powered

mainstream

social

mediasuch

as

Meta

Platforms

and

Reddit,

aswell

as

defend

the

space

it

hascarved

out

for

itself

within

the

creator

economy.This

business

teardown

willexamineDiscord

as

acommunication

andcommunity

hosting

platform.

The

paperwilladdressthe

question

of

apossibleDiscord

IPOwhile

evaluating

the

company’sstrengths

andpastdevelopments.

Particularattention

willbe

giventoDiscord’s

hosting

anduse

ofartificialintelligence(AI)

tools,

such

as

the

launchof

itsOpenAI-powered

bot

Clydefor

content

moderation.

The

report

willintegrate

the

analysisof

Discord’s

development

andperformance

withdata

fromindustry

sourcesand

exclusiveStatista

estimates.•

Between2021

and2023,

Discordacquired

three

companies:Ubiquity6,

Sentropy

Technologies,

andGas.The

acquisitions

helpedincreaseDiscord’s

value,as

wellas

integrate

varioustechnologieswithinthe

platform.•

Discorddoes

notmonetize

through

advertisement

but

offers

apremiumversionof

itsservicesfor

amonthlysubscription

–DiscordNitro

–whichisprojected

togenerate

over

200million

U.S.

dollars3Discord

ataglanceCompanyKPIandplatform

performancemetricsRegisteredusercountasofJune2020:300mIn-apprevenuesin

Q12023:USD

55mUSD

9.99MonthlypriceofDiscordNitrosubscription:EstimatedmonthlyactiveusersinJanuary2023:154mDiscorddirect

salesrevenuesin2020:USD

120m1,600

usersTrafficto

inFebruary2023:Discordfunding

rounds:801.5m

visitsNumberofsneakerheads

whojoinedtheAKChefsserverasofSeptember2020:16Productvalueandcommunitybuilding,

B2B

services,

AIenhancements,secondarymarketgrowthStrengths

andopportunities:ValueoffundingraisedbyDiscordasofApril2023:USD

995mContentdiscoverydifficulties,desktop-first

UI,

communitymoderation,

monetizationWeaknesses

andthreats:ShareofDiscordserversusingbots:30%15%VisitstoinApril

2022:USD

1.1bnShareofDiscordemployees

devotedtosafetyandmoderationasof2022:U.S.usersonTeamSpeakasofMay2022:

3%Ubiquity6,Companiesacquired:SentropyMostpopulardecentralized

social

platformMastodonTechnologies,Gasin2023:4Source(s):

AppMagic;

BusinessInsider;

CrunchBase;

Discord;Forbes;Semrush;01Product

overview•

From

text-based

chatto

VoIP•

Registered

users•

Web

trafficgrowth•

Gamers’

painpoint•

Discord

leading

serversAproduct

tailor-made

for

gamers(2012

to2019)Fromtext-based

chatto

VoIP

andvideo

functionalitiesJanuary

23,

2017July

20182012May

13,

2015August

9,2019TheplatformaddslivestreamingfunctionalitiesLaunchofthe

platform’s

firstdirectmonetizationplan:DiscordNitro(nowNitroDiscordhits130

millionregistered

usersDiscordisbornfrom

theashesofgamingdevelopment

studioHammer

&Chisel,JasonCitronandStanVishnevskiyarethe

originalfoundersNewusersstartonboardingDiscordthrough

word-of-mouth:browsersupporthelpsuseradoptionAugust

9,2018Classic)

for

4.99

USDmonthlyGloballaunchofDiscordgame

storefordirectselling

andasa

Nitrosubscriptionperk.Thegaming

librarycountsaround60

gamesandpublishersgeta90percentcut

ongame

salesMarch14,

2019June8,

2017Discordshutsdownitsgame

marketplaceDiscordreaches45

millionregistered

usersandninemilliondailyactiveusers2013201420152016201720182019September13,

2019July

7,

2016August

7,2017Discorddiscontinues

itsfreegaming

libraryforNitrosubscribersThecompanyhits11millionregistered

users,40

millionmessagesexchanged

perday,and31

employees2013

to2014November

6,

2018DiscordshutsdownserversandcommunitiesviolatingitsTermsofServiceinlieu

ofthe

CharlottesvilleattackDiscordcompletelyDiscordacquiresgamingcontenthubandappsdeveloperBlitzEsportsapprebuildsthe

program’svoicefunctions.Adminandsocial

functionsareaddedOctober

2,

2019August

9,2017Discordengagesinoneroundoflayoffs,asitrefocusesitsbusinessfromagaming

marketplacetocommunicationAdditionofvideo

chatandscreensharingfeatures:Discordriseshead-to-headwithSkypeandTeamSpeakOctober

12,

2017Theplatformlaunchesitsverifiedservers:

gamingplatforms

–fromindiedevelopersto

establishednameslikeMinecraft–areamongthe

firsttojoinSource(s):

Discord;GamesI;

Protocol;

TechCrunch;

The

WashingtonPost;

The

Verge;

Venture

Beat6Thechanging

socialmedialandscapeUsersunderstandthechangingdigital

environmentandhavethree

maindemandsSocialnetworking

hasdefined

aneraofhumaninteractions,

influencedcollective

behaviors,

anddriven

changein

entire

online

industries

–such

as

inthe

case

of

online

advertising

andcontent

creation.market

mightbeexperiencing

the

effects

of

normalizing

trends.However,

industry

sources

keep

pointing

ata

growing

sense

of

unrestamongsocial

mediausers,whichhasbeen

manifesting

through

threepractical

demands:After

twoyearsof

hyper

use

during

the

COVID-19

pandemic,

the

digitalTheprivacy

shiftBack

tobasicsDecentralized

approachesUsers

are

tired

oftradingtheirprivacy

fortargeted

ads:from2023,

marketers

will

nolongerbeableto

usethird-party

cookies

totrackusers.While

Apple’s2021

App

TrackingTransparency(ATT)

system

and

Google’s

Privacy

Sandboxinitiativestarted

easing

theonlineadvertisingbusinessinto

acookieless

future,onlineenvironments

which

runon

harvesting

andreselling

userdatamightfind

itmore

difficulttoadapt.

Incomparison,

platformswith

amixed

ordirect

monetization

model

could

endupadaptingmore

easily

tothenew

system.Authenticityprovides

ananswer

toshakeupIn2022,

microblogging

platform

Mastodonproposed

itsdecentralized

approachas

analternative

to

mainstream

social

media

inthewake

of

Twitter

acquisition.Decentralizationrefers

tosystems

inwhich

“functions

andpowers”suchascontent

moderation

andmonetizationoptionsare

“dispersed

orredistributed.”

OnMastodon,

users

arefree

toengageor

createonlinespaces

which

areabletointeroperate.

Thiscreates

apluralityofsmaller

communitiesorganized

ina“federation”

of

spaces,insteadofalarger

unifiedexperience

mandated

byasoleonlineprovider.onlineaudiences:

in2020

and

2021,

marketersnoted

how

microandnanoinfluencers

wereperceived

as

more

relatable,

drivingengagementratesupamong

theircurated

andrestrictedaudience.

In2022,

thesuddenpopularization

ofBeReal

–anappthatencourages

users

totakemore

spontaneous

photos,caught

theinterest

ofGen

Zandmillennials.

While

BeReal

mightstruggletoscaleoperations

inthefuture,theapphadalmost

15

million

downloads

inSeptember2022

and

ranked

among

themost

popularsocialmedia

inseveral

markets

inthesummer

of

2022.7Source(s):

lphabe

;;ke;bes;st

don;

nso

Towe

;

uth

hinninst;ist

;TechC

un

h;

The

lantic;

TheWallStreet

Journal;Time;Vice;

YouTubeFrom

playershub

tomixed

meetingpoint

(2020

to2023)Discord

rebrandedin2020to

welcome

its

newly

acquirednon-gamingaudiencesJanuary

17,

2023June28,

2021Discordacquiressocial

mediaforteensGas

–which

continuesoperationsasastandaloneappDiscordacquiresARandchat

startup

Ubiquity62020

to2021April20,

2020Non-gaming

brandsjoin

theplatform:Wendy’s,

AllSaints,Jackinthe

Box,

andGucciareamong

thebrandstolaunchnewserversDiscordtakesa

possible10to12

billionUSD

Microsoftbuyoutoffthe

tableJuly

13,

2021February14,

2023September13,

2022DiscordacquiresAI-poweredSentropyTechnologiestofight

onlineharassmentDiscordaddsvideo,screensharing,

andtext

chat

toitsStageChannelsLaunchofXbox

voicechatintegration2020202120222023March31,

2021September28,

2021FollowingClubhouse’spopularity,Discordaddsanewsocial

audioformatwithitsStage

ChannelstoallowcreatorsoptimalvoiceDiscordlaunches

StudentHubs,serversonlyaccessible

withanemailaddressassociated

withaschoolJune30,

2020April6,

2023Discordrebrands,

shiftingfromgaming

tomoregeneralcontenttoaccommodatetheuserswhojoinedatthe

startofthe

COVID-19

pandemicDiscordaddsasoundboardfeaturetoitsvoice

chatchannelsinteractionswithlarger

audiencesDecember1,

2021May

4,

2021Discorddiscontinues

itsself-servegame-sellingprogramSonyinvestsinDiscord

andpartnerswiththe

platform

tointegrate

chatfunctionalitiesintoPlayStation8Source(s):

Ad

Age;BBC;

Bloomberg;

Discord;

How

IBuiltThis

withGuyRaz;

ModernRetail;TechCrunch;

TheVerge;

Ubiquity6;

VGCAcommunityofone’s

ownEstimated

numberofregistered

Discord

users

worldwidefrom

2017to2020(inmillions)6005004003002001000Discordisacommunication

andvoice

over

internet

(VoIP)online563platform,as

wellas

acommunity-hosting

socialmedia.Discord

can

beaccessedviabrowser

ordownloaded

asadesktop

or

mobileapplication.Userscan

meetincommunities

called“servers”andbenefit

fromseveralin-appintegrations

called

“bots,”

whichareused

forautomating

moderationandcommunitymanagement.Discord

communities

canchoose

tomaketheir

serverpublic

oraccessibleonly

viainvite.

Serverscanhavemultiplerooms,

called“channels,”

whereusers

can

opt-in

andchatviainstanttextsorinreal-timevoice

interactions

withmultiple

users.

Discordservers

canbe

aslarge

asmillions

ofusers,

as

small

as

aclose-knit

circleof

friends,

oraclassroomof

students.

Forexample,

inFebruary2023,

approximately18,000

former

Google

employees

affectedby

the

techlayoffsof

theprevious

months

flocked

toanewly

createdDiscord

server

toseekfinancialadviceandmentalhealthsupport.

Discordcanalso

be

usedto

findnewfriends

andcultivatefriendships,

withsomeusers

even

looking

for

potentialpartnersindating

serverscreatedadhoc.4563703002502001309045In2020,

Discordreported

300million

registered

users.As

ofJanuary2022,

Discordwasestimatedto

haveover

450

millionregistered

users.

Theplatformisprojected

tosurpass560

million

registered

usersby

thebeginning

of2023.May'17Dec'17May'18Dec'18May'19Jun'20JanJanJan'21*'22*'23*Note(s):

2017

to2020;

*estimatesmodeledbyStatista;registered

usersprovide

credentials

toanonline

platform

toaccessitsservices.Source(s):

Discord;Forbes;

Statista;

ID

13679229Source(s):

Business

Insider;

Discord;Forbes;ViceAplatformintherough:main

interfaceDiscord

requiressome

getting

used

to,

buttheexperiencebenefits

from

theinterfacesimplicityNotificationTabJoinedserversDiscover

servercategoriesincludefivetopics.InSeptember2022,

Discordaddedthe

StudentHubscategory,

which

allowsuserstolookforserverslaunchedbyschool

andeducational

institutions.TheHubisonlyaccessiblewithanemailaddressassociated

witha

schoolorinstitutionpresent

ontheplatform.Discovery

TabControlpanel:allowsuserstocreateorjoin

moreserversUserpanelandaudiocontrols10Source(s):

DiscordTheCOVID-19

impacton

theplatformrebrandingHow

aligning

withits

newly-found

audienceallowedDiscordtogrowAccording

toDiscord’sco-founder

JasonCitron,

Discordhadalreadystartedconsidering

the

ideaof

arebranding

in2019.

After

shuttingdownitsgame

distributionbusiness

inMarch2019andengaging

inaround

of

layoffs

inOctober

of

the

sameyear,the

companyreset

itsfocus

on

communication,

community,

andsocialpresence.

During

theglobaloutbreak

of

the

COVID-19

pandemic,

usersinseveralimpactedcountries

startedonboarding

Discordto

keep

their

social

connectionsandfight

boredom

during

the

months

of

isolation.

Countries

like

Italy,France,andSpainsaw

their

Discordusernumbers

double

andeventriple

inthe

caseof

Italy

asthe

virusspreadduring

the

firstmonths

of2020.In2017,

Discordcounted

885verifiedserversaffiliatedwithbrands,personalities,

orprominent

online

communities.

ByJune

2020,

theplatformreported

tohost

13.5million

active

serversweekly,

withalmosthalfof

these

being

activeonadaily

basis(seepage28).

In2023,

itwasestimatedthatthe

platform

hadalmost

20million

weeklyactiveservers.

WhilegamersremainedDiscord’s

flagshipcommunity,interest-focused

orlocation-basedservers

startedpopping

up

on

theplatformduring

andafterthe

firstCOVID-19

outbreak.Discordalsobecameone

of

the

platformseducators

looked

atwhenimplementing

emergency

remote

learning:fromFrench

midwiferystudents

toEnglishteachers

ofseveraleducationalinstitutions

inHoChiMinh

City,

Discord’s

versatility

made

itaviablesolution

for

onlinelearning.Discord

also

becamepopular

formore

mundaneactivities,such

as

watchparties,book

clubs,

andfantasyfootball.11Source(s):

CNBC;

Common

Sense

Media;DiMarco;

Discord;Game

I;

How

IBuilt

ThiswithGuyRTheNew

YorkTimes;Uong

&Tranetal.;VoxDiscord

traffic:easyonboardingand

organiclink

sharingTraffic

volume

tofromOctober2022toFebruary2023(inmillions)9008007006005004003002001000Signups

to

Discordbenefit

from

the

platform’seasyonboarding846.1experience,

as

usersareonlyrequired

toacceptthe

invite

senttothem

viaalinktojoinDiscordin

the

browser.

Userscandecide

tohavea

time-limited

preview

ofthe

serversthey

would

like

to

joinby

providing

ausernameandtheirdateof

birth

beforecommitting

toregister

with

theire-mailaddress.801.5704.6651.2In

May

2018,

Discord

users

were

exchanging

approximately

850million

messages

daily.

The

volume

of

messages

on

the

platformincreased

almost

fivefold

between

2018

and

August

2022,

withusers

exchanging

fourbillion

messages

on

Discord

chats

andservers

in

the

lastexamined

period.

In

January

2023,

Discordregistered

almost

850

million

monthly

visits

from

global

users.

Theplatform’s

recent

traffic

trends

are

connected

to

some

of

its

mostprominent

official

communities,

suchasAI-powered

MidJourneyand

Chat

GPT’s

developer

Open

AI.

Additionally,

betweenOctober

and

December

2022,

Discord

added

several

features

toenhance

users’

experiences:

for

example,

the

platform

added

itsActivities

feature,

which

allows

users

to

watch

YouTube

videostogether

and

playa

limited

set

ofcasual

games

on

their

servers.548.6Oct'22Nov'22Dec'22Jan'23Feb'23Note(s):Worldwide;

October2022

toFebruary

2023;

organictrafficonlySource(s):

Semrush;

ID

132745912Source(s):

Discord;ProtocolHow

solving

gamers’painpointsledtoa

new

kindof

onlinespaceDiscord

was

bornasa

communicationplatform

forvideo

gameplayersIn-gamecommunicationisparticularly

crucialformassive

multiplayeronline

(MMO)games,suchas

Worldof

Warcraft

andLeague

ofLegends.WhenDiscordentered

the

VoIP

scenein

2015,

Skype

andTeamSpeakwerethe

twoplatforms

mostoften

used

toconnect

playersinthe

samegamingsession,

but

technical

issuesandhosting

did

not

completelysatisfyusers’expectations.

At

Hammer

&Chisel,

JasonCitron

andStanVishnevskiyopted

toinvest

insolving

one

of

the

most

visibleproblemsof

online

gamers:

the

lackof

aplatform

forseamlesscommunication.

The

company,

whichwas

stillagame

design

studio,startedby

hypothesizing

anadd-infeature

thatgame

publishers

couldintegrate

intotheir

products.

However,

asseasonedgamersthemselves,Citron

andVishnevskiysoonrealizedthat

afree-to-use

communicationsystemthat

did

“not

require

bootstrapping

[it]

withagame”but

couldruninparallel

toany

gamewouldprovide

the

solution

tothis

veryfamiliar

painpoint.Discordlaunched

at

atimeinwhichFacebookandSnapchat

dominatedthe

socialmediaenvironment.

By

targeting

almostexclusively

gamingcommunities,

the

platform

becamepopularamongaresponsiveaudience

that

understooditsvalueproposition

andfound

theproduct

usefulbefore

seeing

itas

entertaining.

Discord

was

abletobuild

adevoted

basewhocame

toseethe

platformas

morethananice-to-have

online

space.Note(s):Massive

multiplayer

online

games(MMO)are

agamingsubgenre

where

largenumbersof

playerscaninteract

inthesame

gamesession.Source(s):

Discord13Source(s):

CivicScience;

How

I

Built

ThiswithGuyRaz;

GlobalWeb

Index;TechCrunchMidJourneyisthemostpopularserveronDiscordThesecret?

A

mightybot

forAI-generatedartistic

renderingsandanactivecommunityNumber

ofmembersGamingcommunities

arestillamongthe

livelieston

the

platform,withthe

officialserverfor

the

popular

Robloxgame

BloxFruitamassing

overone

million

membersas

of

January

2023.

However,

afterexperiencinganacceleration

initsadoption

amongglobal

users,Discordis

slowlyconsolidating

itsposition

asanon-mainstreamsocialenvironment.MidjourneyOpenAI15,136,3643,317,652BlueWillowAIBloxFruits1,516,575In2022,

new

andinnovative

AI-powered

projects

startedusing

Discordto

showcasetheir

craft.Thisisthe

caseforthe

popular

ChatGPT’spublisher

OpenAI

andforthe

text-to-image

program

MidJourney.MidJourney

isanAI

art

generator

developed

by

the

SanFrancisco-basedhomonymous

labthatlaunchedin

beta

onDiscord

inJuly2022.

Tocreateimagesandartisticrenderings

withthe

company’sAI,

usershave

toregister

toDiscordandjointhe

company’sserver.Intheserver,whichcounted

around

15million

Discordmembersas

of

May2023,

abot

welcomesnew

memberstojointhe

“#newbies-179”channel.

Userscan

then

learn

how

to

message

thebot

with

atextualprompt,

whichgets

processedinapproximatelyone

minuteandgenerates

AIrenderings.

MidJourney

hasfound

inDiscord

ahub

togatherandgrow

itscommunityof

both

paidandunpaidsupporters,even

interacting

withitsuser

baseinlivetalksfromits

offices

toallowdirect

feedbackandreleaseproduct

announcements.1,118,6151,000,0001,000,000994,895939,638932,282832,424787,142780,386750,014ValorantGenshinImpactOfficialRobloxAllStarFusionistLeonardo.AiE-GirlParadiseApex

LegendsAnimeAdventuresNote(s):Worldwide;

May

4,

2023Source(s):

Discord;ID1327141Note(s):Roblox

isaplatform

whereuserscanprogram

their

gamesandplay

gamescreatedby

otherusers.Source(s):

Discord;Forbes;

MidJourney14Thechallenge

oftop-downcontentmoderationPrivateserversare

autonomous

spaces:theplatform

canactioncontentonlyifit

isreported

by

membersAccording

tothe

platform’stermsofservice,itisforbidden

to

organize,participateorencourage

harassment

andhatespeech.

However,situations

around

hatespeech

–suchas“meta

talk

about

hatespeech/slurs”

–arereportedly

handledon

aserverlevel

oras

themoderatorsseefit,according

tothe

platform’stermsofservice.Moderators

on

Discordhavethe

responsibility

of

overseeing

theircommunities.

However,

community-specific

regulations

aresetby

themoderatorsautonomously.

This

factorcouldmakethe

platformvulnerable

tothe

hosting

of

communities

thatgoexplicitlyagainstthecompany’sethos

andterms.equipment

participants

wereinvited

tocarry

to

the

rally.InFebruary2018,

Discordwasreported

to

shutdownseveral

servers

withneo-Nazi

andalt-rightideology.InApril2020,

anonline

collective

of

activistsreleasedwhatwasrenamed“Project

Whispers,”

leakingconversationsofmore

than100private

neo-Nazi,far-right,and

QAnon-related

Discordservers.Afterthe

May2022

Buffalomass

shooting

–whichsaw

the

perpetratorinviting

userstojoinhisprivateserver30minutes

before

opening

fire

inasupermarket,leaving10deadandthree

injured

–the

platformmadeitknown

thatithadadded

aspecialcounter-extremism

sub-team

toitsmoderation

ranks.The

issue

ofonline

abuseonDiscord

hasbeen

known

andreportedsince

the

beginning

of

2017,

when

4chan-basedcommunitiesrepeatedly

harassed

religious

andtheology

serverswithcoordinatedtrolling

andhatespeechattacks.In2017,

Discordwasone

of

the

mainsocial

mediaplatforms

usedby

alt-rightgroups

toplanandorganizethe

“Unite

the

Right2.0”

rally

inCharlottesville,

Virginia.The

event,

whichculminatedwithanattack

thatleft

one

deadandseveralinjured,

saw

Discordbeing

used

toshareofficialorganizationdocuments,

planlegalhelp

channels,

andlisttypes

of

offensive(1)

Note(s):4chanisan

online

board

andcommunityhostingplatformlaunched

in2003.

The

platform

hasbecomeinfamousforleakinganddistributing

privatematerial,

harassingusers,

andpromulgating

hate

speech.(2)

Note(s):QAnon

isaviralpoliticalconspiracy

theorycirculating

in

fringeonline

environments

since

2017.Source(s):

Discord;Encyclopedia

Britannica;

Forbes;Gizmodo;

Polygon;TechCrunch;

The

Verge;UnicornRiot;

Vice1502Company

overview•

Keyhires

and

departures•

Costcenters

and

acquisitions•

Cumulativefunding

raised•

Microsoft

attempted

Discord

acquisition•

Discord

Inc.valuationKey

hires

and

departuresDiscord

teamTomaszMarcinkowskiJason

CitronStanVishnevskiyElizabeth

HamrenTesa

AragonesPrachi

GuptaFounder

andCEO

ofDiscord,Jason

Citrondeveloped

themobileplatformOpenFeint

in2009,

which

sold

in2011

for

104

millionU.S.

dollars.

In2015,Citron

attempted

tocreate

amobile

andtablet-first

game

designstudio

(Hammer

&Co-founder

and

CTO,previously

asoftwareengineer

forMMOgames

development,Vishnevskiy

wascredited

with

the

titleofDiscord

co-founder

forhavingpitched

theoriginal

idea

of

aCFO,joined

Discord

inMarch

2021

asitsfirstchief

financialofficer.Previously

headoffinanceatPinterest

andvice

president

oftechnology

investmentbanking

atGoldmanSachs,Marcinkowki

wasbroughtonboard

tohelp

scaleDiscord’sbusiness

afteritsusageincrease

in2020

and2021,

and

perhapsseetoapossible

initialCOO,Hamren

waspreviously

corporatevice

president

forgamingexperiencesandplatformsatMicrosoft.

JoiningDiscord

inDecember2021,

Hamren

sees

tosupervising

themarketing,

businessdevelopment,andoperations

teams

withCitron.CMO,Aragones

wasDiscord

chief

marketingofficer

from

September2020

to

November2021.

Aragones

waspreviously

chiefmarketing

officer

atVSCO.

Jason

Citronhascovered

CMOfunctionssinceNovember

2021.Head

ofengineering,Guptajoined

Discord

inAugust

2020.

Previouslydirector

ofengineeringatLinkedIn.Guptaco-foundedLinkedIn’sWomen

inTechnologyandwas

named

oneof