安徽省安庆市2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次段考英语质量检测试题（含答案）

/安徽省安庆市2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次段考英语质量检测试题一、听力（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toapologizeforbeinglate.B.Toinvitethewomantothelibrary.C.Tochangetheplaceofanappointment.2.Whatisthetimenow?A.it's6:35.B.It's6:45.C.It's7:00.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarepairshop.B.Inacamerastore.C.Inaphotographystudio.4.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Thetimetorebetweentalks.B.Thequestionstoaskaftertalks.C.Thenumberoftalkstogive.5.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Helptodealwithadocument.B.Repairacomputer.C.Getheradisk.听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟:听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话,回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Watchingoverseasnews.B.Readingajobadvertisement.C.Planningaholidayabroad.7.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Heisn'tinneedofaholidaynow.B.Hewouldliketogetanewplace.C.Hehasnointerestintheposition.听下面一段对话,回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.GototheElectricCompanyOffice.B.Payelectricbillfirst.C.Openacheckingaccount.9.Howdomostpeoplepaytheelectricbill?A.Incash.B.Bycheck.C.Byphone.听下面一段对话,回答第10至12题。10.Whydidn'tthewomanattendtheparty?A.Shelookedafterhergrandfather.B.Shewenttoseeadoctor.C.Shehadaheadache.11.Howlongdidthepartylast?A.About3hours.B.About3.5hours.C.About4.5hours.12.Whatimpressedthemanmostintheparty?A.Theatmosphere.B.Thefood.C.Themusic.听下面一段对话,回答第13至16题。13.Wherearethespeakers?A.InJapan.B.InAustralia.C.InAmerica.14.Whatmightbeaproblemforthewoman?A.Understandingthelocallanguage.B.Talkingwithherworkmates.C.Correctingheraccent.15.Howoftendotheclubmembersmeet?A.Twiceamonth.B.Onceaweek.C.Twiceaweek.16.Whatdoestheclubmainlyhelpitsmemberstodo?A.Communicatewithlocalpeople.B.Enjoythemselvestogether.C.Learnaboutlifeabroad.听下面一段独白,回答第17至20题。17.Wheredidthespeakermovethingsfromtheyard?A.Intothegarage.B.Intothebasement.C.Intothestoreroom.18.Whatdidthespeakerbuy?A.Someflashlights.B.Aradio.C.Foodandwater.19.Howstrongwasthewindmosttimes?A.About80milesanhour.B.About90milesanhour.C.About100milesanhour.20.Whatdidthespeakerdomostofthetimeduringthehurricane?A.Shelistenedtothenewsontheradio.B.Shelookedafterherhusband.C.Shestayedinthebathroom.二、阅读（满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANow,EarthDayiscelebratedaroundtheworld.Westillfacemanychallenges,suchasclimatechange,plasticpollution,anddeforestation.Butwecanallmakeadifference.HerTreesSaveLivesAdelineTiffanieSuwanawas12whenherfamily'shomeflooded.Indonesia,herislandnation,isoftenhithardbyfloodsandothernaturaldisasters.Adelinelearnedthatmangrovetreesplayakeyroleinfloodprotectionandralliedclassmatestoplant200treesduringaschoolbreak.TheystartedagroupcalledSahabatAlamorFriendsofNature,whichworkstoconservetheregion'sbiodiversityandcombatclimatechange.Today.Adelineattendsuniversity,studyinghowbusinessescanhelptheenvironment.Teens'Two-FoldInventionEPS—expandedpolystyrenefoam--isthewhite,lightweightstuffusedtomakethingsliketakeoutfoodcontainers,foameggcartons,andpacking"peanuts".Butittakesupalotofceandisdifficulttorecycle.EPSbreaksintosmallpiecesasitfloatsdownwaterwaysintooceans,harmingwildlifealongtheway.Eighth-gradersJuliaBray,LukeClay,andAshtonCoferlookedatEPS'schemicalmakeupandsawthatitwasmostlycarbon.Thatrkedanidea.Couldtheyturnitintoactivatedcarbon,amaterialthatfilterstoxinsfromwater?After50hoursofexperiments,includingonethataccidentallysetthefamilygrillfire,theysucceeded!SolarforHerSchoolWhenClaireVlasesofMontanawasinseventhgrade,shelearnedaboutplanstoexpandandmodernizehermiddleschool.Claireaskedtheschoolboardtoaddsolarpanelstotheproject.Theboardlikedtheideabutsaiditcouldcontributejust$25,000,one-fifthofthecost.SoClaireorganizedagroupofkidsandadultswhosettoworkraisingtherest.Theyaskedfordonations,evengoingdoor-to-doorforthem.Andtheyappealedtocharitablefoundationstoo.Oneevendonatedhalfthecost!Aftertwoyearsofhardwork,thegrouppaidforthesolarpanels,whichnowsupplyone-fourthoftheschool'selectricityneeds.21.Whatdothethreegroupsofteenagershaveincommon?A.TheyareEarth-helpingheroes.B.Theyarefromislandcountries.C.Theyarehighschoolstudents.D.Theyarekeenonexperiments.22.Howmuchdidoneofthecharitableorganizationsdonateforsolarpanels?A.$25,000.B.$50,000.C.$62,500.D.$125,000.23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Togivemodelsforcolorfulschoolactivities.B.Toexplorethewaystodealwithplasticpollution.C.Toinspirepeopletoactforenvironmentalproblems.D.Todisplaytheamazingpowerofeffectivecooperation.BMomentsago,asealwasrestingonapieceoffloatingicedeepinanAntarcticchannel.Thenthreehungrykillerwhalesappeared.Whenthesealnoticedthem,itwasalreadysurrounded.Onthissheetofseaice,thenearlythousand-poundseaIwouldbeunreachableformostofhisenemiesinnature.Butthesekillerwhaleshadmasteredahuntingtechniquecalledwavewashing:workingtogethertoturnwaterintoaweapon.Havingidentifiedtheirtarget,thekillerwhalesformedabattlelineandstartedrushingtowardtheice.Justbeforereachingit,theyrolledtotheirsidesinasingle,synchronized（同步的）motion.Thewavetheycreatedwassopowerfulthatitfloodedtheicesheetandwashedthefrightenedsealclosetotheedgeoftheicesheet.Slowlyandmethodically,theyrepeatedtheattack.Atthethirdtime,thewavesentthehelplesssealflyingintothesea.Itstruggledtoclimbontoapieceofice,butthendisappearedfromview…"Thelevelofintelligencethatwentintomakingeachwavewasstaggering.Theysolvedtheproblemwithverycomplexteamwork.Theyusedwaterasatool,"saidwildlifefilmmakerBertieGregory,whohadspentadecadetrackingthosekillerwhales,knownasBis."Irarelysawfailedhunts.Thisbehaviorwasnotwhattheywerebornwith.Itwaslearnedandmasteredoverdecades.Everytimetheymadewaves,italmostfeltlikemoreofateachingexperiencethanhunting.Itwasterrifyingtowatch."ButasAntarcticawarmsandseaicedisappears,sealsareincreasinglystayingonland,outofkillerwhales'reach."I'vefoundBlsarelosingabout5percentoftheirpopulationeveryyear.Whetherthissubgroupwillgoextinctorjustadapttotheirbehavior,Idon'tknow,"saidGregory."Butwithfeweropportunitiesforthekillerwhalestowavewash,I'mseeinganextinctionofaculture."24.Howdidthekillerwhalesgetthesealontheicesheet?A.Bymakinghugewaves.B.Byjumpingontotheicesheet.C.Bydestroyingtheicesheet.D.Bywaitingunderwaterpatiently.25.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"staggering"underlinedinparagraph4?A.Puzzling.B.Shocking.C.Satisfying.D.Annoying.26.WhatisBertieGregorymostworriedabout?A.Thesealsandkillerwhales.B.Therisingsealevel.C.Thelossofahuntingskill.D.Thedisappearedicesheet.27.Whatmaybetrueaboutthewavewashingbehavior?A.Itisanaturalbehaviorwithwhales.B.Usually,thesmartestwhalescanlearnit.C.Itcanbecarriedoutbyonewhalealone.D.Perhapsitismoreateachingthanahunting.CYearsago,IinterviewedJamesPatterson,anadvertisingmanager,aboutthelatestcampaign.Butallhewantedtotalkaboutwasfiction-writing."Ihopetobeawriter.Itisalwaysinmyhead,"hesaid.Irememberthinking:Sure,youandeverybodyelse.Adecadeorsolater,however,IwassurprisedtoseeJamesonTV,holdinguphisnewbook.Mr.Patterson'sabilitytoseehimselfasawriterillustratesaconceptknownas"possibleselves."Theterm,coinedin1986bythesocialpsychologistsHazelMarkusandPaulaNurius,grewoutofresearchonself-concept.Whileself-concepts—"Iamakindperson"or"Iamagoodparent"—arerootedinthepresent,theresearchersfoundpeoplewerealsoinformedbyideasaboutwhattheymightbecomeandhowtheymightchange.Thesepossibleselves,bothpositiveandnegative,arecloselyrelatedtomotivation.Aviolinstudentwhoenvisionslifeasaprofessionalmusicianmightbemotivatedtopractice.Apersonwhofearedpossibleselfisanalcoholicmaybecomeanon-drinker.Inasmallstudy,whenyoungadultswereencouragedtoenvisionthemselvesaseitherregularexercisers（hoped-forselves)orinactive（fearedselves),bothgroupsexercisedmoreintheweeksafterward.Apossibleselfcantakeyoubeyonddaydreams,whichareoftennotnecessarilygroundedinreality.Itcancometofruitionifyoubuildabridgefromyour"now"selftothepossibleself."Ifyou'reregularlydreamingofadifferentcareer,enrollinacourse,shadowsomeone,takeupahobbyorasidejob.Makingthetransitionrequiresyoutosaynow,today,thisweek,thesearethestepsIcanactuallytaketoattainthegoal,"saidDaphnaOyserman,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Butdon'tquityourjobjustyet.Ananalysisofcareer-transitionresearchconcludedthatsuccessfulreinventionsrequireadjustmentsandre-evaluationsasyougo.Mr.Patterson,forexample,wrotealmostadozenbookswhilestillathisadagency;hefoundhisstyleonlyaftermanytries.28.Whydoestheauthormentiontheinterview?A.Toshowhisexpectation.B.Toexplainhissurprise.C.TodisplayPatterson'sability.D.Tointroduceaconcept.29.Whatcanwelearnabouttheideaof"possibleselves"?A.Itinvolvesthreeaspects.B.Itallowsforpersonalgrowth.C.Itensuresoneapromisingfuture.D.Itincludestheideaofself-concept.30.WhatdoesprofessorDaphnaintendtoexpress?A.Theideaof"now"self.B.Thewishforthecareertransition.C.Theimportanceofconcreteaction.D.Thenecessityofexpert-consulting.31.Whatisprobablytalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Differentwritingstyles.B.Multipleresearchmethods.C.Patterson'ssuccessinhisadvertisingbusiness.D.Theexplorationandadaptationofjobtransition.DAlotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate（碳酸钠）canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn'tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-consciousalternative.InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences'InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradableglassmadefromaminoacids（氨基酸）.Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.Inatest,glassbeads（玻璃珠）madeoutofaminoacidswereplacedundertheskinofmice,andthebreakdownofthebeadandtheskinhealingprocesswereobservedfor30days.Adiagramfromthestudyshowshowthemice'sbodiesbrokedownthebeads.Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsitehealed,andfurgrewback."Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,"theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotasdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinheat.Inordertoovercomethishurdle,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedtheaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocedureappliedinglassmanufacturing.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher."It'simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization,"emphasizedYanXuehai,aprofessorinvolvedinthestudy,inapressrelease.32.Whatisanadvantageofthenewglass?A.Ittakeslesstimetobreakdown.B.Itcanberecycledatalowcost.C.Itisproducedwithoutpollution.D.Ithasawiderangeofapplications.33.Whydidresearchersimplantglassbeadsinsidemice?A.Toassesswhethertheglassisbiologicallyharmless.B.Toinvestigatewhyaminoacidsaremedicallyuseful.C.Toexplorehowlongittakesfortheglasstodegrade.D.Toobserveiftheglasscanbemeltdowninmice'sstomach.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hurdle"inparagraph4referto?A.Thechallengeofimprovingtheheating-coolingprocedure.B.Environmentalproblemscausedbytraditionalglass.C.Thedifficultyofselectingmaterialsfortheglass.D.Theinstabilityofaminoacids.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AminoAcidsMakeGlassTougherB.AminoAcidsCastNewLightonScienceC.BiodegradableGlass:ClosertoSustainabilityD.BiodegradableGlass:ReadytoHittheMarket第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下列短文,从短文的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beforeweevenrealizeit'shappening,slowlybutsurely,westartlosingconfidenceinwhoweare,whatwedo,andprettymucheverythingweeverthoughtweknew.You'renotalone.36Belowaresimplestepsthatitofferstohelpyourestoreconfidencequickly.FigureOuttheRootCause.Knowingwhyyou'relosingconfidenceiskeytoreversingthatdownwardspiral.Notonlywillitgetyourconfidencebackbutalsoitwillstrengthenitintheprocess.So,takethetimetobecomeawareofyourenvironment,yourthoughts,yourbehaviors,andyourrelationships.37StrikeaPose.Simplyputyoustandstraight,takeupsomece,putonehandoneachhip,chintiltedupward,breathein,andbepresent.Holdthisposeforafewminutes.38Ourattitudesoftenfollowourbehaviors,herresearchsuggests,meaningthatassumingthebodylanguageofapowerfulpersoncanmakeanyonewhodoesitfeelmoreconfident.39Losingconfidencemeansyou'vegivenyourpoweraway.Andoneofthefastestwaystotakebackyourpoweristoutteratinytwo-letterword:NO,Practicesaying"no"atleastonceaday.Itcanbetoyourownvoicesofdoubt,oritcanbetotheexternalfactorsyou'veidentifiedthathavecausedyoutoloseconfidence.It,alongwiththeseothersuggestions:areverypowerfulstepsinrestoringyourconfidence.Losingconfidenceinourselveshappens.40Ibetifyouaskthepeopleclosesttoyouinyourlife,they'llshrugandnod,lettingyouknowthatthey'veexperiencedself-doubtandalossofconfidence,too.it'spartofbeinghumanandpartoflivingthisthingthatwecalllife.A.JustSay"No".B.Youwillbenefitfromitinthelongterm.C.Theymayhelpyoufindoutyourmistakes.D.Ithappenedtomeonmorethanoneoccasion.E.It'soneofthepowerfulposessuggestedbysocialpsychologistAmyCuddy.F.Inthatcase,youcanidentifythenegativeinfluencesthatneedtobeaddressed.uG.AccordingtotheonlinetherapyplatformBetterHealth,everyonelacksconfidenceoccasionally.三、完形填空（共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分）EveryyearI'dreadover2,000collegeapplicationsfromstudentsallovertheworld.Itisquite41tochoosewhomtoadmit.42,inthechaosofSATscoresandrecommendations,one43isalwaysirresistibleinacandidate:kindness.Themostsurprising44ofkindnessI'veever45camefromastudentwhohadexcellentscoresandasupportiverecommendationfromhiscollegeconsultant.Evenwiththesequalifications,hemightnothave46.Butoneletterofrecommendationcaughtmyeye.Itwasfromaschoolsecurity47.Lettersofrecommendationaretypicallywrittenbypeoplelikeformerpresidents,celebrities,andOlympicathletes.Thesecurityguardwrotethathesupportedthisstudent'sadmissionbecauseofhis48.Thisyoungmanwastheonlypersonintheschoolwhoknewthenamesofeverymemberoftheguardstaff.Heturnedofflightsinemptyrooms,consistently49thehallwaymonitor（监视器）eachmorningandtidieduptheclassroomafterhispeersleftschool50nobodywaswatching.Thisstudent,thesecurityguardwrote,hada（n）51respectforeverypersonattheschool,regardlessofposition,popularityorpower.Itgaveusa52intoastudent'slifeinthemomentswhennothing"counted".Thatstudentwasadmittedbyagreedvoteoftheadmissionscommittee.Nextyeartheremightbeafloodofsecurityguardrecommendations53thisessay.Butifitmeansstudentswillstartpayingasmuch54tothepeoplewhocleantheirclassroomsastheydototheirprincipalsandteachers,I'mhappytohelpstartthat55.41.A.delightfulB.delicateC.difficultD.desperate42.A.OtherwiseB.HoweverC.BesidesD.Therefore43.A.abilityB.qualityC.limitationD.assumption44.A.signalB.imageC.appearanceD.reflection45.A.comeacrossB.pickedupC.comeoutD.broughtup46.A.stoodupB.stoodoutC.givenupD.givenout47.A.guardB.teacherC.principalD.counselor48.A.generosityB.braveryC.thoughtfulnessD.encouragement49.A.botheredB.answeredC.visitedD.greeted50.A.asifB.nowthatC.evenifD.inorderthat51.A.amazingB.amusingC.demandingD.puzzling52.A.faithB.troubleC.passionD.window53.A.duetoB.inneedofC.exceptforD.alongwith54.A.moneyB.noticeC.attentionD.curiosity55.A.potentialB.careerC.arrangementD.trend四、语法填空（共10题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheyouthversionofThePeonyPavilion《牡丹亭》successfullyenteredthestageoftheSpringforChineseArtsattheBeijingTianqiaoPerformingArtsCenter.ThePeonyPavilion,56culturaltreasureoftheworld,waswrittenbyChina'sMingDynastyplaywrightandwriterTangXianzu,whoiscomparedtoWilliamShakespeare.AndKunquOpera,57（combine）songsperformedintheSuzhoudialect,gracefulbodymovements,martialartsanddance,was58（origin）bornintheregionofKunshan,JiangsuProvince.Itwaslistedasoneoftherepresentative59（work）oftheoralandintangibleheritageofhumanitybyUNESCOin2001.KunquOperausesaseeminglyendless60（vary）ofgesturestoexpressspecificmotionsandhasdistinguisheditselfbyitsrhythmicpatterns.Italsohasamajorimpact61allthemorerecentformsofoperainChina,suchasPekingOpera.62excitestheorganizingcommitteeisthatThePeonyPavilion63（attract）agrowingyoungaudiencesinceitsfirstperformanceinBeijing.Uptonow,BeijingTianqiaoPerformingArtsCenter,64aimistoemphasizetheinheritance,promotion,developmentandpopularizationoftraditionalChinesecultureandarts,hasalsoheldmanyexhibitionsrelatedtotraditionaldrama,andestablishedthePekingOperainheritanceclass65（popularize）thetraditionalarttochildren.五、书面表达第一节（满分15分）学校新建图书馆前的空地即将绿化,现征求学生的建议。假如你是李华,请给校英语报ColorfulCampus编辑Martin写封邮件,内容包括:1.绿化布局;2.设计理由。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右:green绿化2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMartin,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thereisastoryfrommanyyearsagoofaprimaryschoolteacher.HernamewasRose.Onthefirstdayofschool,asRoselookedoutoverhernewfifthgradeclass,herattentionwasimmediatelydrawntotwoboys,MarkandCharlie.Markhadahighenergythatfilledtheroom,hisvoiceechoingevenincasualconversations.Helaughedloudestandansweredquestionswithenthusiasmthatwasimpossibletoignore.Charlie,Mark'spartner-in-crime,hadanaughtygrinandatwinkieinhiseyes.Inaword,theywereperfect.However,whenMarkdrewattentionwithhistales,Charliewouldcommentcleverly,makingthewholeclassburstintolaughter.Rosecouldtellthatthesetwowouldcausesometroubleoneday.Shesmiledtoherself,though,readyforaneventful（多变故的）yearahead.Sheknewshehadtofindawaytochanneltheirenergypositively,turningtheirenthusiasmintoadrivingforceforlearning.Oneday,Rosehadauniquetaskforherstudents.Sheaskedthemtolisteachclassmate'snameonpaper,leavinggapsbetween.Next,sheinstructedthemtowritedownthenicestthingtheycouldthinkofforeachstudent.Theassignmentconsumedthewholeperiod.Astheyleft,eachstudenthandedintheirpapers.Overtheweekend,Rosewrotedownthenameofeachstudentonaseparatesheetofpaperaswellastheirnicestthings,creatingindividuallistsforeverystudent.OnMonday,shehandedoutthelists.Soon,happinessspreadacrosstheroom.Mark,knownforhisnaughtybehavior,lookedastonished."IhadnoideaImatteredtoanyone,"hewhispered,visiblymoved.Besidehim,Charlie,Mark'spartner-in-crime,saidsimilarly."Ineverrealizedothersthoughtsohighlyofme."Nooneevermentionedthoselistsinclassagain.Roseneverfoundoutiftheydiscussedthemafterclassorwiththeirparents,butitdidn'tmatter.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Theatmosphereintheclassroomchanged,especiallyMarkandCharlie.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onabrightafternoonyearslater,twogentlemenknockedatRose'sdoor,holdingthelists._____________________________________________________