2023北京朝阳区高一（下）期末英语试题及答案

高中PAGE1高中2023北京朝阳高一（下）期末英语2023.7（考试时间100分钟 满分100分）本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分知识运用（共三节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Aftersixmonthsofdating,mypartnerGabeandIweretakingourfirstroadtrip.Bothofuswereadventurous,andwecouldn'twaittogo1andexploring.Ataround5:30pm,wewere2onamountainroadnamedCrowsnestHighway.Wedidn'tknowtherecentfloodinginthearea.Whentextingmymom,Ihappenedtolookupfrommy3andsawawaveofmud(泥浆)andahugetreecomingdownthemountain,rightinfrontofourcar.Gabetriedtostop,butitwastoo4.Themudslidesentourcarfallingnearly300metersdownarockycliff(悬崖）andourcarlandedonitssideamongsometrees.Ididn'tknowhowlongwewereunconscious(昏迷的).Not5,wewereinjuredseriously.Sufferingthehugepain,webothmanagedtomoveoutofthe6car.Then,wesatonarockandconsideredourchoices.Wecouldn'tgeta7onourcellphones,soallwecoulddowasshoutforhelp.Luckily,someone8.Fourpassers-byspottedusandcalled911.Whenmedicalworkersgottoourside,theyloadedusintoseparateemergencyvehicles.IwasinthehospitalfortendayswhiletheykeptGabeforsixweeks.IwastoldIwouldnotwalkasanormalpersonfortherestofmylifeandGabelost9inhislefteye.Beforeallthishappened,wewerehappy-go-luckypeople.Strangelyenough,theaccidenthasmadeusevenmore10.Despitetheinjurieswesuffered,we'rethankfulthatwe'restillalive.Theexperiencealsomadeuscloser.Ayearaftertheaccident,weevendrovebacktotheCrowsnestHighwayasanewlymarriedcouple.1.A.boating B.cycling C.running D.hiking2.A.driving B.jogging C.walking D.riding3.A.book B.phone C.car D.computer4.A.early B.long C.late D.heavy5.A.exactly B.clearly C.necessarily D.surprisingly6.A.crashed B.used C.repaired D.parked7.A.word B.picture C.signal D.message8.A.hesitated B.responded C.promised D.refused9.A.touch B.smell C.sight D.hearing10.A.careful B.disappointed C.puzzled D.positive第二节选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当词组并使用其正确形式填空。comeupwithputouttakepartintakeactionmakeadifferencetobecoveredwithendupbestuckininspiteofinadditionto11.creatingthings,sciencecreatesideas.12.Havingagoodteacherstudentscareerpaths.13.Afteraheateddiscussion,weanewideafortheartfestival.14.Thewindblewinfromthedesertyesterday.Now,everythingsand.15.ManyathletesfromaroundtheworldwilltheupcomingOlympics.16.Therescueteamscouldn'tarriveontimebecausethecarwheelsthemud.17.Wemusttostoptheharmfuleffectsofpassivesmokingonpeople'shealth.18.Firefighterscoulddodangerousjobslikefiresorworkingonhighbuildings.19.Thescientistsinsistedoncarryingouttheexperimentallkindsofdifficulties.20.Ifyoudon'tknowwhatyouwant,youmightgettingsomethingyoudon'twant.第三节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。21.Icouldgetyouajobhereifthat'syouwant.22.Thegirlcameintothehouse,(carry)alotofbooks.23.Wemanaged(bvercome)thedifficultiesinlearningEnglish.24.Dr.Brownisaseniorprofessorviewsarewidelyrespected.25.China'sShaanxiHistoryMuseumiswellworth(visit).26.TherearemanyreasonsEnglishissowidelyusedaroundtheworld.27.ThissmallmountainvillageisabeautifulplaceIspentmychildhood.28.Itisimportanttoavoid(waste)timeandmakegooduseofeveryminute.29.(see)fromthetopofthetower,ourcitylooksmorebeautiful.30.May30,2023isamemorableday,theShenzhouXVImannedspaceshipwaslaunchedsuccessfully.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheNationalGalleryofArtisapublicartmuseuminWashington,D.C.Itcontainsalargecollectionofpaintings,prints,drawings,photographs,andotherworksofart.Comeandenjoysomewonderfulshows.PresentExhibitionsGoingThroughHell:TheDivineDanteApril9—July16,2023WestBuilding,MainFloor,Gallery10-11DantewasanItalianpoetandwriter.HisDivineComedyhasbeenoneofthemostpowerfulworksinwesternliteratureforover700years.Comeandexploretheimpactsofthisgreatworkinthecollectionofsome20works,includingtheearlyprintsofDivineComedy,drawingsonpaperfromthe15thto20thcenturyandmore.DrawinginBritain,1700-1900:NewAdditionstotheCollectionApril2—August6,2023WestBuilding,GroundFloorThisexhibitionincludesabout80recentlyacquiredartworks.Youcanseenotonlytraditionallandscapepaintings,butalsomanylife-likeportraits(肖像)andpaintingsofhistoricalscenes.ThesepiecesaresuretogiveyouanunderstandingofBritishartovertwocenturies.PhilipGustonNowMarch2—August27,2023EastBuilding,HallPhilipGustonisoneofAmerica'smostinfluentialmodernartists,famousinhistimeandinours.Throughmorethan150paintingsanddrawings,youcangetasenseofthechangeofhisartisticstylethroughtheyears.Hisworkscontinuetoraisethoughtsaboutbeauty,freedom,andmore.OpeningTimesTheNationalGalleryofArtisopenfrom10:00amto5:00pm,includingpublicholidays.Lastadmissionisat4:00pm,onehourbeforeclosing.ParkingThereisnopublicparkingattheNationalGalleryofArt,butlimitedparkingspacesaresetasideforvisitorswithdisabilities.Parkingisavailableonsurroundingstreetsandincommercialgarages.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasecall(202)737–4215orsendusanemailatvisit@nga.gov.31.WhatcanyouseeintheNationalGalleryofArt?A.The20worksofDante. B.PhillipGuston'sworksofliteratureC.NewlygainedBritishartworks. D.LandscapepaintingsofWashington,D.C.32.TheNationalGalleryofArt.A.admitsvisitorsfrom10:00amto4:00pmB.containsthelargestartcollectionintheUSC.offersenoughcarparkingspacesforvisitorsD.showsthe17th-centurypaintingsintheEastBtilding33.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tospreadartknowledge.B.Todescribeworksofworld-famousartists.C.Tointroduceworldwidewonderfulexhibitions.D.Togiveinformationaboutapublicartmuseum.BAHouseplantIsHelpingMeSurviveMywifeHannahandIusuallydon'tkeephouseplants.Anythinginpotsgetseitheroverwateredorunderwatered.Aftermydiagnosis(诊断）withbraincancer,Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethingnewandgreenandalivearoundus.WhenmyfriendMitchgavemewhathesaidwasaluckybambooplant,weplaceditinthelivingroomwindowwhereIspentmuchofeachday.ItoldHannahIwantedtolookaftertheplantmyself.Whenitdidn'timmediatelyturnyelloworbrownorloseallofitsleaves,Iwaspleasantlysurprised.Asadoctor,Iwasusedtobeingtheonewhoprovidedcare,nottheonewhoreceivedit.Sincemydiagnosis,itseemed,Ihadtorelyonhelpfromotherpeople.TakingcareoftheplantgavemethefeelingofbeinghappyandsatisfiedwhenIfeltuseless.Wateringtheplant,assmallanactasitwas,connectedmetosacentralpartofmyoldidentityandtaughtmeIcouldstillbeacaregiver.Overthenextfewmonths,Irecoveredfromsurgery(手术).EvenafterIreturnedtowork,Icontinuedtocarefortheplant.Soon,ithadnearlydoubledinheightanditsleaveswereshiny.BoththetreeandIbecamehealthier.Then,withoutanyreason,itbegantoshowsignsofstress.Itsleaveskeptbrowninganddroppingtothefloor."Ican'tevencareforasimpleplant!"Iyelled."Ifmyluckybamboodies,Imightdietoo!”Icouldn'tshakethefeelingthattheplanthadbecomeasymbol(象征)ofmyhealth.Nowthattheplantwasstruggling,Igrewincreasinglydepressedandfearful.However,recallingwhatI'dexperienced,IlearntthatIhadwronglyconnectedmycarefortheplant—somethingoverwhichIhadatleastsomecontrol-—withmyownsurvival-—somethingoverwhichIhadnocontrol.AsIrealizedthefact,myanxietywasactuallyeased.Isearchedonlinetofigureouthowtotakecareofmyplant.Whenitwasbackinthesunnywindow,webothbecamehealthieragain.Now,wheneverIlookattheplant,IwouldthinkofMitchandtheotherpeoplewhohavecaredforandsupportedme.34.Theauthordecidedtokeepthebamboobecause____.A.helovedtokeephouseplantsB.hebelievedithelpedtocleantheairC.hethoughtitwasagoodwaytogetrelaxedD.hewantedtobesurroundedbysomethingcheerful35.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutlookingafterthebambootatfirst?A.Itmadehimfeelhopeless.B.Itputanendtohissuffering.C.Itgavehimasenseofachievement.D.Itremindedhimofhispoorhealthcondition.36.Whydidtheauthorbecomefearfulwhenthebambooshowedsignsofstress?A.Becausehecouldn'tbearfailures.B.Becausehedidn'tknowwhyitwasdyingC.Becausehedidn'twanttodisappointMitch.D.Becauseherelatedhisownhealthtotheplant's.37.Howdidtheauthorfinallyrelievehistension?A.BybelievinginhisrecoveryintheendB.By/acceptingthingsbeyondhiscontrol.C.Bythinkingofthosewhosupportedhim.D.Bysearchingforplantknowledgeonline.CEpisodicmemory(情景记忆）allowshumanstorevisitpastpersonalexperiencesintheirminds,anditwasoncethoughttobeaspecialskillofhumans.Althoughtherearestillargumentsabouttheextentofthistypeofmemoryinnon-humananimals,scientistshaveprovedthatcreatureslikeratsanddogscanpassteststhataredevelopedtoassessepisodicmemoryoverthepasttwodecades."Curiously,thereisalackofresearchinvestigatingdolphins'episodicmemory,”UniversityofCambridgecognitive(认知的)scientistJamesDaviessays.Therefore,thissurprisingfactencourageshimtofillthisgap.Theteamused"where"and"who"questionsintheirresearch,eachonadifferenttest.Eachdolphinwasfirsttrainedtoretrieveaballfromthewater,andthentrainedtogetaballbyapproachingapersonholdingitinfrontofthemwhileignoringanempty-handedpersonstandingatadifferentspot.Duringthistraining,thelocationswererandomized(使随机化)andthepersonholdingtheballdifferedeachtime,sothatthosedetailswereirrelevanttolearningtheretrievingbehavior.Then,forthetests,thedolphinswereaskedtoretrievetheballastheyhadlearnedtodo,butafter10minutes,somethingchanged--thistime,theballcouldn'tbeseen,asitwasnowbehindoneofthetwopeople'sbacks.Inthe“where"tests,theballwashiddeninthesamespotasinthetraining,butbothpeoplehadbeenchanged,whileinthe"who"tests,thelocationsofthepeoplechangedbuttheballremainedwiththepersonwho'dhaditpreviously.Eightdolphinswentthrougheachofthetwotests,separatedbyatleast48hours.Allthedolphinsgotitrightinchoosingthecorrectspotonthe"where"experiments,andsevenachievedsuccessonthe“who"experiments.KellyJaakkola,apsychologist,saysthatbasedontheircognitiveskills,dolphinsareagoodcandidateforhavingepisodic-likememory,andthisstudygoesreallyfarinshowingthat.Shealsosays,“Themorewelookforsuchcapabilitiesinnon-humananimals,themorespecieswe'lllikelyfindthemin."Sheadds,"Anexcitingquestionistherefore'Wheredowedrawthatline?Whichanimalsdohaveit,whichanimalsdon't,andwhatsortofcognitiveorneurologicalorsocialcharacteristicsdothoseanimalsshare?'That'sgoingtobethefunpartofthegame,"38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"retrieve"inParagraph2probablymean?A.Fetch. B.Move. C.Throw. D.Play.39.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thelocationsofthepeopleinvolvedinthetests.B.Thememorytasksthatdolphinsneedtoperform.C.Theabilityofdolphinstocommunicatewithhumans.D.Thedolphins'characteristicsrelatedtotheirmemoryprocessing.40.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Dolphinspassthetestsasaresultoftraining.B.Itisverylikelythatdolphinsareaffectedbypeopleduringthetests.C.Scientistswillprobablyfindepisodicmemoryinallnon-humananimals.D.Theinfluenceofdolphins'familiaritywithalocationorapersonisavoided.41.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DolphinsAretheMostIntelligentAnimalsB.DolphinsMayRememberPersonalExperiencesC.EpisodicMemoryIsImportantforHumansandAnimalsD.AScientificMethodIsUsedtoStudyDolphins'MemoryDAfteryearsofblue-collar(蓝领)jobsbeingreplacedbymachines,advancedchatbotsarenowbreathingdownwhitecollars.GenerativeAltools,suchasChatGPT,havemadeimpressiveprogressingeneratinghuman-soundinglanguageandunderstandingcontext.Somuchsothathumansarenomatchfortheminsometasks.Upto300millionfull-timejobscouldbelostaroundtheworld,whichisasmuchas18%oftheglobalworkforce.ArecentstudybyOpenAI,thecreatorofChatGP'T,lookedatthepotentialforautomationacross1,016jobs.HumansandAIseparatelyratedhowwellsoftwarepoweredbylarge-languagemodels,whicharetrainedonaseaofinformationfromtheInternetandthenreactedquicklytospecificfunctions,couldperform19,000tasksinvolvedinthejobs.Ifthesoftwarewasconsideredabletoreducethetimeittakeshumanstocompletethetaskbyatleasthalf,withoutadropinquality,thetaskwasconsideredreadyforAIreplacement.Forothertasks,thecompanyimaginedadditionalsoftwarethatcouldbeaddedtothemodel,suchascomputertoolsthatcanautomaticallypullfreshdatafromtheInternet.Theyfoundthat80%ofAmericanscouldhaveatleast10%oftheirworktasksdonebyadvancedAltools.Thefigurerisesto50%oftasksforaround19%ofworkers.Thisautomationshouldnotbefeared.Itcouldfreeworkersfromrepeatedtasks,contributingtogreaterproductivity.AstudypublishedonApril5suggeststhatgenerativeAIcouldbringaboutsweepingchangestotheglobaleconomy.Asthesetoolscoulddrivea7%increaseinglobalGDPandliftproductivityby1.5percentagepointsovera10-yearperiod.Butstudieslikethismayoverstatethepotentialforautomation,ignoringsometacitskills(隐性技能）inprofessionstheyknowlessabout.Humanqualitiesimportantforsomejobs,suchasempathyorcharisma(感召力),willbeoverlooked.AndnotalltaskscapableofbeingcarriedoutbyAIshouldbe:amaninloveshouldfeelitashameforusingittowritealovelettertohisbelovedgirlfriendhowevertouchingandsincereitmaysound.ManybusinessesarealsonotwillingtoacceptAI.Andthosewhohavealreadyaccepteditareattheriskofpracticalandlegal(法律的)confusion.Whenchatbotsdonotknowwhattosay,theyoftentalknonsense.The"creative"outputtheyproduceisbasedonamixtureofdatasourcedfromtheInternet,raisingissuesaroundaccuracy,privacyandintellectualproperty(知识产权).WhilemuchisunknownabouthowgenerativeAIwillinfluencetheworldeconomyandsociety,anditwilltaketimetoplayout,thereareclearsignsthattheeffectscouldbeprofound.Butintherealworld,AItoolswillstillneedhandlers.Thatmayevenendupcreatingnewjobs.42.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A.ToshowthepopularityofAItools.B.TogiveexamplesofusinggenerativeAItools.C.Todrawreaders'attentiontothepossiblethreatofAI.D.TocomparetheimpactsofAIonblueandwhitecollars.43.AccordingtothestudybyOpenAI,AIcanreplacehumanswhen.A.itcanperformcertaincreativetasksB.automationispoweredbylarge-languagemodelsC.itdevelopsimportanthumanqualitieslikeempathyD.Altoolsimproveproductivitywithoutdamagingquality44.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat.A.AItoolsmayhelpincreaseemploymentB.AIwilleventuallytakeoverhumanjobsC.AIandautomationdomoreharmthangoodD.humanqualitiesarenotnecessaryforautomation第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。NicholasEpley,abehaviouralscientist,andIconductedaseriesofstudiesandconcludedthatkindactsassimpleasbuyingacupofcoffeeforsomeonecanpromoteaperson'shappiness.Everydaylifeaffordsmanyopportunitiesforsuchactions,yetpeopledonotalwayscatchthem.45Wefirstlystudiedactsofkindnessdoneforfamiliarpeoplesuchasfriends,classmatesorfamily.46Forinstance,inoneexperiment,peoplewrotenotestofriendsandfamily"justbecause",Inanother,theygavecupcakesawaytoworkmates.Acrosstheseexperiments,weaskedboththepersonperformingakindactandtheonereceivingittofilloutquestionnaires(问卷).Acrossourstudies,severalstrongpatternsappeared.Forone,bothperformersandreceiversoftheactsofkindnesswereinmorepositivemoodsthannormalafterthesekindacts.47Thereceiversfeltsignificantlybetterthanthekindactorsexpected.Thereceiversalsoreliablyratedtheseactsas“bigger"thanthepeopleperformingthemdid.48Inoneexperiment,participantsatanice-skatingrink(溜冰场)inapublicparkgaveawayhotchocolatetopeopletheydidn'tknowonacoldwinterday.Again,theexperiencewasmorepositivethantheperformersexpectedforthereceivers.Althoughthepeoplegivingoutthehotchocolatesawtheactasrelativelysmall,itreallymatteredtothereceivers.Thesefindingssuggestthatwhatmightseemsmallwhenwearedecidingwhetherornottodosomethingniceforsomeoneelsecouldmatteragreatdealtothepersonwedoitfor,Thesewarmactscanimproveourownemotionalhealthandbrightenthedayofanotherperson.49A.Sowhynotchoosekindnesswhenwecan?B.Foranother,itwasclearthatperformersundervaluedtheirimpacts.C.Fromonesituationtothenext,thespecificactsofkindnessdiffered.D.Wefoundthatparticipantsdidn'trealizetheirpositiveimpactsonstrangersaswell.E.Ourresearchalsorevealedonereasonwhypeoplemaynotrealizetheiractions'impacts.F.Wecomparedtheperformers'expectationofthereceivers'moodswiththeiractualexperiences.G.Itisbecausepeopleperformingkindactsundervaluehowmuchreceiversvaluetheirbehaviour.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分)第一节（共4小题；第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。WhyLearningaNewLanguageIsGoodfortheWholeFamilyEverthoughtofmakinglanguagelearningpartofyourfamily'sactivities?Learninganewlanguagetogethercanhaveunexpectedemotionalbenefitsforthewholefamily.Combiningfamilytimewithlanguagelearningtimeisagreatwayformorequalitytime.Learninganewlanguageasafamilycanbeafungroupactivity.Everyonelovesagamenightormovienight.YoucanplaygameslikeBingo,usingvocabularyfromthetargetlanguage.Ormaybeyouhaveaparticularvacationdestinationyoulovewhereanotherlanguageiswidelyspoken—learningthatlanguagetogethercouldmakeyournextvacationevenmoreenjoyable.They'reafunwaytobreakupthedailyroutine(常规)andreconnectwiththoseyoulove.Languageisallaboutcommunicationandconnection.Learninganewlanguagebringsfamilymemberscloserbecausetheytalktoeachotherallthetimewhenlearning,.Allyouhavetodoischangetoyournewlanguageandpracticewithyourfamilymemberswheneveryouwant-noclassroomneeded.Tellingfamilystorieswithwhatyouhaverecentlylearnedisagoodplacetostart,whichcouldinspirequestionsandadditionalconversations,andevencreateafamilect—secretwordsandphrasessharedonlyamongthemembersofyourfamily.Ifyourfamilyisbigongardening,makelabels(标签）togetherforyourplantsandtools.Makingfunlabelsinyourtargetlanguagetogethercanalsohelpyouconnectwithlovedfamilymembers.Itopensupmoreopportunitieslikefamilycontests.Youcouldsurpriseeachotherwithnotesonpillows,bathroommirrors,insidedresserdrawers—anyplaceyourfamilywillfindthem.Usingthesewordslaterrecallsthesefamilymemories.Eachfamilyisreallyitsownlittleuniquesocialworld,andthatworldisbeingbuiltthroughlanguage.Thepoweroflanguagelearningliesinitsabilitytodrawpeopletogether.50.Accordingtothepassage,whatisagreatwaytohavemorequalitytimewithyourfamily?51.Whydoesstudyinganewlanguagebringfamilymemberscloser?52.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Makingfunlabelstogetherforgardenplantsandtoolsinyourtargetlanguagecanhelpyouwinfamilycontests.53.Apartfromwhatismentionedinthepassage,whatotherbenefit(s)doyouthinklearningnewlanguagecanbringtoyou?(Inabout40words)第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你校将要举办主题为“变废为宝”的手工作品展。请用英文给英国交换生Jim写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.介绍该活动；2.邀请他参加。提示词：手工作品展handicraftsexhibition注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,Yours,LiHua