2021届高考英语二轮专题闯关导练高考题型重组练五含解析

高考题型重组练(五)Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2020·武汉市部分学校高三在线学习摸底检测]ItwasNewYear'snight.Anagedmanwasstandingatawindow.Heraisedhissadeyestowardsthedeepbluesky,wherethestarswerefloatinglikewhitelilies(百合花)onthesurfaceofaclearcalmlake.Thenhecastthemontheearth,wherefewmorehopelesspeoplethanhimselfmovedtowardstheircertaingoal—thetomb.Hehadalreadypassedsixtyofthestagesleadingtoit,andhehadbroughtfromhisjourneynothingbuterrorsandregrets.Thedaysofhisyouthappearedlikedreamsbeforehim,andherememberedtheseriousmomentwhenhisfatherplacedhimattheentranceofthetworoads—oneleadingtoapeaceful,sunnyplace,coveredwithflowers,fruitsandresoundingwithsoft,sweetsongs;theotherleadingtoadeep,darkcave,whichwasendless,wherepoisonoussnakeshissedandcrawled.Hesawastarfallfromtheskyanddisappear,andthiswasthesymbolofhimself.Hisregret,whichwaslikeasharparrow,struckdeeplyintohisheart.Thenherememberedhisfriendsinhischildhood,whoenteredonlifetogetherwithhim.ButtheyhadmadetheirwaytosuccessandwerehonoredandhappyonthisNewYear'snight.Withshameandgriefhedarednolongerlooktowardsthatheavenwherehisfatherlived.Hisdarkenedeyeswerefulloftears,andwithadespairingeffort,heletoutacry,“Comeback,myearlydays!Comeback！”Andhisyouthdidreturn,forallthiswasonlyadreamwhichhehadonNewYear'snight.Hewasstillyoungthoughhisfaultswerereal;hehadnotyetenteredthedeep,darkcave,andhewasstillfreetowalkontheroadwhichleadstothepeacefulandsunnyland.Asforthosewhostillremainattheentranceoflife,hesitatingtochoosethebrightroad,rememberthatwhenyearshavepassedandyourfeetfallonthedarkmountains,youwillcrybitterly,butinvain,“Ohyouth,return!Ohgivemebackmyearlydays！”1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A．Thelilies.B．Thestars.C．Thepeople.D．Theeyes.2．WhatdoweknowabouthisfriendsfromParagraph3?A．Theyhadalsomademanymistakes.B．Theykeptinclosetouchwithhim.C．Theyhadmademajorachievements.D．Theylookeddownonhim.3．Whatcanwesayforsureabouttheyoungman'sfatherfromthepassage?A．Hisfatherdied.B．Hisfatherlivedfaraway.C．Hisfatherreturnedhome.D．Hisfathergavehimtwochoices.4．Whatdoesthewriterwanttoremindthereadersinthelastparagraph?A．It'snousecryingforhelp.B．It'svitaltovalueyourchildhood.C．Theyshouldnotwaittochoosetherightway.D．Theyshouldbecarefulattheentranceoflife.B[2020·湖北省部分重点中学高三第一次考试]Havinganolderbrotherorsistercomeswithplentyofbenefits.Bigbrothersandsisterstendtolookoutfortheiryoungersiblings,anddespitetheoccasionalrockymoments,manysiblingshavelifelongcloserelationships.However,anewstudyfindstheinterestingdownside:childrenwitholderbrotherstakelongerwhenitcomestodevelopinglanguageskills.Thestudy,conductedbyagroupofresearchersinParis,France,buildsontheearlierresearchthathadalreadyestablishedthathavingoldersiblingsisassociatedwithpoorlinguistic(语言的)development.Now,researcherssaytheyhavecometoamorespecificconclusion:onlychildrenwitholderbrothersexhibittheselinguisticdifficulties.Onewouldassumethatchildrenwitholderbrotherswouldgrowuparoundmoreconversationonadailybasis,thusspeedinguptheirlanguagedevelopment.Yetresearcherssaysuchchildrenactuallytakelongerthantheirolderbrotherstobegindevelopingtheseskills.Researchersstudiedmorethan1,000childrenfromtheirbirthtotheageoffiveandahalfyearsold.Eachchild'slanguageskillsweretestedatages2,3,and5.5,usingtestsspeciallydesignedtomeasurenumerousaspectsoflanguagedevelopmentsuchasvocabulary,syntax(句法),andverbalreasoning.Whattheresearchteamdiscoveredwassignificant:childrenwitholderbrothershad,onaverage,atwo­monthdelayintheirlanguagedevelopmentcomparedtochildrenwitholdersisters.Whenexplainingthisphenomenon,researchershaveproposedtwohypotheses(假设).Thefirsthypothesisisthatoldersisterstendtotalkmoreoftenthanolderbrothers,whichwouldmakeupforparentspotentiallybeinglesspresentthantheywerefortheirfirstchild.Thesecondisthatoldersistersusuallycompetewiththeirsiblingslessthanolderbrothersfortheirparents'love.Sofar,thestudy'sauthorssaytheycan'tsayforcertainwhychildrenwitholderbrothershaveahardertimedevelopinglanguageskills.Inthefuturetheywouldliketoinvestigateifculturesorlocationsimpacttheresultsofthestudy.5．Peoplemayenjoyhavingbrothersandsistersbecause________.A．siblingsmayaffectthespeedoflanguagelearningB．theysharethehappymomentsonrockymountainsC．olderbrothersandsisterswilltakecareofyoungeronesD．allsiblingswillstayclosetoeachothernomatterwhathappens6．Whatdoesthepreviousresearchsuggestabouthavingoldersiblings?A．Manychildrenpreferhavingbrothersandsisters.B．Itwillaffecttheyoungerone'slanguagedevelopment.C．Olderbrothersmayhavesomethingtodowiththelinguisticdifficulties.D．Childrenwitholderbrotherswouldgrowuparoundmoreconversationonadailybasis.7．Whydochildrenwitholderbrothersexperiencethedelayinlanguagedevelopment?A．Probablybecauseolderbrothersareeagerformoreattention.B．Probablybecauseparentstendtofocusmoreonthefirstchild.C．Probablybecausechildrenwitholderbrothersareusuallylesscompetitive.D．Probablybecauseoldersistersgetlesslovefromtheirparentscomparedtoolderbrothers.8．Whichoneisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．HavingOlderSiblings:AGoodThingorADisaster?B．TheDelayofYourChildren'sLanguageDevelopmentC．WhyDoChildrenSufferfromPoorLanguageSkills?D．OlderBrothersMayAffectYoungerOnesinLanguageLearningⅡ.完形填空[2020·山东省师范大学附属中学高三3月检测]Haveyouevernoticedhowthewayyoufeelaboutyourselfsometimesdependsonwhetherornotyougetconfirmationofyourvaluefromothers?Ihave__1__alotaboutnurturingapositiveidentityofloveandappreciationfromthemanwhotaughtmetotraindogs.First,hestartedoutby__2__hisdogswithloveandrespect,andbyshowingthemaninfiniteamountof__3__astheywerelearning.Then,the__4__thinghedidwasatruestrokeofgenius.Hewouldcutasmallpieceof__5__foreachdog.Hewouldplaceitinthedog'ssleepingarea,forhimto__6__eachnight.Hewouldalsotakethiscarpetduringthe__7__andsetitdowninvariouslocations,andsitthedogonthecarpet,ashe__8__thedogforbeinggood.Next,Frankwouldteachthedogto__9__thecarpethimself,andcarryitto__10__theyweregoing.Thedogwouldthensetthecarpetdownwhenthey__11__，withFrankallofthetimepraisinghim.NowFranksaid,“Thedogbeginstofeelthathetruly__12__ineveryplacehetravelsto,andnomatterwherehegoes,he__13__myloveandappreciation.”Ifthisstrategy__14__sobrilliantlywithdogs,woulditnotworkjust__15__withhumanbeings?1．A.learnedB．accumulatedC．improvedD．distinguished2．A.pleasingB．treatingC．surroundingD．chasing3．A.sympathyB．comfortC．patienceD．honor4．A.firstB．lastC．nextD．least5．A.clothB．meatC．areaD．carpet6．A.lieonB．hideinC．standbesideD．playwith7．A.morningB．afternoonC．eveningD．day8．A.blamedB．encouragedC．praisedD．accompanied9．A.carrywithB．careforC．cutupD．pickup10．A.whereverB．wheneverC．howeverD．whatever11．A.ranB．stoppedC．stoodD．turned12．A.participatedB．breaksC．belongsD．corresponds13．A.receivesB．expectsC．ignoresD．takes14．A.worksB．goesC．agreesD．applies15．A.aspossibleB．aswellC．betterthanD．stilllessⅢ.语法填空[2020·昆明市高三“三诊一模”摸底诊断测试]DavidKatzwasupsetbyalltheplasticgoingintotheocean.Tohelpsolvetheproblem,hehada1.________(create)idea—totreatplasticlikemoney.Mr.Katzcallshisideathe“PlasticBank”.ThegoalofthePlasticBankistouseplastictohelppeoplesolvetheproblems2.________(gradual).ThePlasticBankaddsavaluetoplasticwastebypayingpeopletorecycleit.Theprogrambeganin2015inHaiti,apoorislandnationwithmany3.________(problem)ofwasteplastic.ThePlasticBankhas30“markets”inHaiti.AtthePlasticBankmarkets,peoplecanexchangetheplasticthey'vecollectedfor4.________theyneed.ThePlasticBankmarketsselllotsofthingsthatlocalpeopleneed.Thestoresalsoallowplasticcollectorstousethemoneytheyearntopay5.________healthcareorschool.Tomakesurethattheplastic6.________(recycle),thePlasticBankworkswithpartners,whoagree7.________(use)theplasticthatiscollected.Whencustomersbuytheseproducts,whicharelabeled“SocialPlastic”，theyknowthattheyarebothhelpingpeopleinotherpartsoftheworld8.________keepingplasticoutoftheocean.Sofar,thePlasticBank9.________(keep)about7millionpoundsofplasticoutoftheocean.Itmakesagreat10.________(contribute)totheocean.高考题型重组练(五)Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——哲理故事——青春易逝，应尽早作出正确选择[文章大意]本文通过讲述一个男孩在新年之夜梦到自己是一个满怀遗憾的老人，为自己年轻时未能做好人生选择而伤心悔恨，以此告诫年轻人青春易逝，一定要尽早作出正确的人生选择。1．答案与解析：D考查代词指代。代词指代一般需要去上一句寻找指代内容。them是一个复数的代词，上一句中出现的复数名词有eyes、stars和lilies，所以首先排除C项。根据语境可知，老人站在窗前仰望星空不胜感伤，结合本句中的“wherefewmorehopelesspeoplethanhimselfmovedtowardstheircertaingoal”可知，这是老人看向地面时观察到的景象，所以them指代的是眼睛，故D项正确。2．答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ButtheyhadmadetheirwaytosuccessandwerehonoredandhappyonthisNewYear'snight”可知，他的朋友们都已获得成功，故C项正确。3．答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“hisfatherplacedhimattheentranceofthetworoads”和第四段中的“hehadnotyetenteredthedeep,darkcave,andhewasstillfreetowalkontheroadwhichleadstothepeacefulandsunnyland”可知，男孩的父亲给了男孩两个选择，故D项正确。4．答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“rememberthatwhenyearshavepassedandyourfeetfallonthedarkmountains,youwillcrybitterly,butinvain”可以推断，作者想要提醒读者青春易逝，一定要尽早作出正确的人生选择。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科学研究——有哥哥的孩子的语言能力发展比较慢[文章大意]有一个哥哥或姐姐有很多益处，哥哥和姐姐倾向于照顾他们的弟弟妹妹，但一项新的研究发现，有哥哥的孩子的语言能力发展比较慢。5．答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第一段第二句中的“Bigbrothersandsisterstendtolookoutfortheiryoungersiblings”可知，哥哥和姐姐往往会照顾他们的弟弟、妹妹，由此可推知，很多人可能喜欢有哥哥、姐姐，是因为哥哥、姐姐们会照顾弟弟、妹妹。故选C。根据文章第一段最后一句的表述可知，一项新的研究表明拥有哥哥的孩子，语言能力发展需要更久的时间，这是有哥哥不好的一面，不应该是人们喜欢有哥哥的原因，故排除A项；根据第一段第二句中的“despitetheoccasionalrockymoments,manysiblingshavelifelongcloserelationships”可知，尽管偶尔会有关系难以维持的时刻，但许多兄弟姐妹一生都保持着亲密的关系，故B、D两项表述错误。6．答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句中的“theearlierresearchthathadalreadyestablishedthathavingoldersiblingsisassociatedwithpoorlinguistic(语言的)development”可知，之前的研究表明，有哥哥姐姐与语言能力发展不良有关。故选B。7．答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第六段第三句“Thesecondisthatoldersistersusuallycompetewiththeirsiblingslessthanolderbrothersfortheirparents'love”可知，对于有哥哥的孩子语言能力发展比有姐姐的慢这个现象的原因，研究人员提出的第二个假设是，为了得到父母的爱，姐姐们通常比哥哥们更少地与弟弟妹妹竞争。由此可推知，哥哥们渴望得到更多的关注。故选A。8．答案与解析：D考查主旨大意。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现——有哥哥的孩子的语言能力发展要比有姐姐的孩子慢。文章第一段介绍了该研究的发现，第二至第七段详细介绍了该研究的过程、发现及对这种现象发生原因的假设，故D项最适合作本文标题。Ⅱ.完形填空[文章大意]本文是一篇议论文。本文主要介绍弗兰克对狗的训练策略，以及将这些策略运用到生活中，对生活有很多的帮助。首先，弗兰克以爱和尊重对待他的狗；其次，弗兰克将教狗自己捡起毯子，并把它带到它们想去的任何地方。如果这一策略在狗身上如此奏效，那对人类也同样起作用。1．答案与解析：A句意：从那个教我训练狗的人那里，我学到了很多关于培养爱和欣赏的积极认同感的知识。结合句意可知，此处是指作者从别人那儿学到了知识，故选A项。2．答案与解析：B句意：首先，他以爱和尊重对待他的狗，在它们学习的过程中向它们展示无限的耐心。结合句意可知，此处用“以爱和尊重对待狗”符合语境，故选B项。3．答案与解析：C结合常识可知，训练狗需要耐心，故选C项。4．答案与解析：C句意：接下来他做的事是一个真正的天才之举。5．答案与解析：D根据下文的sitthedogonthecarpet可知此处用“毯子”符合文意，故选D项。6．答案与解析：A句意：他会把它放在狗的睡觉区域，每晚让狗躺在上面。结合上下文可知，此处是指让狗躺在毯子上睡觉，故选A项。7．答案与解析：D根据上文的forhimto__6__eachnight可知狗晚上睡在毯子上，故推测白天他会把毯子放在不同的地方，故选D项。8．答案与解析：C句意：在白天期间他也会把毯子放在不同的地方，让狗坐在毯子上，做得好他会表扬它。根据下文的forbeinggood可知此处用“表扬”符合语境，故选C项。9．答案与解析：D句意：接下来，弗兰克将教狗自己捡起毯子，并把它带到它们想去的任何地方。根据下文的andcarryitto__10__theyweregoing可知，要先捡起毯子才能把它带到其他地方去，故选D项。10．答案与解析：A根据下文的andnomatterwherehegoes可知此处