2025版高考英语一轮总复习必修第一册Unit3SportsandFitness提能训练

Unit3SportsandFitnessⅠ.阅读理解A(2024·济南市学情检测)Ifyoualwayssitindoorsfortoolong,puttingonweightmaybecomeatrouble.Tiredofallthatfat?Ifso,thesesportscanhelpyouburnthemostcalories.Running“Runningisoneofthebestcalorieburnersoutthere,”qualifiedpersonaltrainerDanielSaltossays.Anaveragepersoncanburnanywherefrom500to1,000caloriesinonehourofrunning.“Speed,pace,andtoleranceareallfactorsthatcanimpactthisrange.Butrunninguseseverymusclegroupinthebody,allowingyoutoburnmorecalories.”Swimming“Swimmingisaworkoutthatproducesthelowestimpactonbodywhileitstillcanburn500to600caloriesinjust30minutes，”Saltossays.Swimmingalsoimproveshearthealthandincreasesstrength—allgreatreasonsforplayinginthewater.BoxingNotonlyisboxingagreatwaytoreleaseenergy,butitalsohelpsimprovebalance,buildsuptoleranceandstrengthenstheupperbodyandcore.“Boxinghelpsyougetagoodcalorieburn,too,withtheaveragepersonburningup400to800caloriesinaone-hoursession，”Saltossays.RowingThepushingandpullingmotionofrowingmachinestargetsmultiplemusclegroupsincludingthearms,core,andback,helpingyoutoburnmorecalories.“Anhourofrowingwillburn400to600caloriesonaverage，”Saltossays.语篇导读：文章介绍了跑步、游泳、拳击和划船这四项可以燃烧最多卡路里的运动。1．Whichsportcanburnthemostcaloriesperhour?CA．Boxing. B．Running.C．Swimming. D．Rowing.解析：微小环节理解题。依据“Running”部分中的“from500to1,000caloriesinonehourofrunning”“Swimming”部分中的“500to600caloriesinjust30minutes”，“Boxing”部分中的“400to800caloriesinaone-hoursession”和“Rowing”部分中的“Anhourofrowingwillburn400to600caloriesonaverage”可知，游泳每小时燃烧1000—1200卡，是四项运动中燃烧卡路里最多的。故选C。2．Whatistheadvantageofswimmingaccordingtothetext?CA．Itenhancesbalance.B．Itimprovestolerance.C．Itproduceslowimpact.D．Itbuildsmusclegroups.解析：微小环节理解题。依据“Swimming”部分中的“Swimmingisaworkoutthatproducesthelowestimpactonbody”可知，游泳是一种对身体影响最小的体育运动，即游泳的好处为影响最小。故选C。3．Whoisthetextintendedfor?DA．Greatathletes. B．Fitnessexperts.C．Sportsreporters. D．Overweightpersons.解析：推理推断题。依据第一段中的“Ifyoualwayssitindoorsfortoolong,puttingonweightmaybecomeatrouble.Tiredofallthatfat？”可知，本篇文章是写给体重超标者的。故选D。B(2024·安徽省十校联盟开学考)At18,IcompetedinmyfirstmarathoninDublin,Ireland.Atthattime,Iwasanexcellent400-meterrunnerathighschool,butgotitintomyheadthatIshouldtrythelongerdistancetoprovethatIwasreallygoodatrunning—andwhat'sbetterthanthemarathon.Backthen,therunningcrazehadn'tquiteheateduptothepointithastodayandrunningamarathonwasunknowntomostpeople.Besides,Ineverknewanyonewhohadactuallyrunamarathon.OnthewayfromEnglandtoDublin,IwaswonderingwhatIwasgettingmyselfintwodayslaterwhentheracewouldbegin.Itriedtogetsomesleeptoeasemynerves,butIfoundithard.Theracedaywassomewhatcloudy,butthewarmthofthepeopleforcedawaytheclouds.Mylimitedmemoriesfromthatfirstraceremain:thefeelingofrunningthroughatunnel(隧道)ofpeopleasthecrowdslinedbesidethestreets;thecheersfromthecrowdsasthenewscamethatanIrishmanhadwontherace;what'simportant,theunbelievablekindnessofthecrowdscheeringmeonasIhitthewallandtriedtostrugglethrough.Eventually,Ididn'tgettheprize,butInevergaveupandregardeditasasuccessbecauseIchallengedmyself.Aftermyfirstmarathon,Istartedawebsitebasedonmyloveforrunning.Whetheryou'reanexperiencedmarathonerorjustaninterestedpasser-by,Iinviteyoutoparticipateinthewebsiteandmakeityourhome.Runnersandparticularlymarathonersseemtosharecommonideals.They'repartofaglobalteamandaglobalcommunity.语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了作者第一次参加马拉松竞赛的阅历。4．Whydidtheauthortakepartinhisfirstmarathon?AA．Toshowhistalentforrunning.B．Towinaprizeinalonger-distancerace.C．Toattractthepublic'sattentiontorunning.D．Toexpresshispreferencefor400-meterrunning.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第一段其次句“Atthattime,Iwasanexcellent400-meterrunnerathighschool,butgotitintomyheadthatIshouldtrythelongerdistancetoprovethatIwasreallygoodatrunning—andwhat'sbetterthanthemarathon.”可知，作者认为参加马拉松竞赛是一个展示自己的跑步天赋的好机会。故选A。5．Whatimpressedtheauthordeeplyduringhisfirstmarathon?DA．Hehitthewallandtriedtostrugglethrough.B．Heranthroughatunnelwithotherracers.C．Henearlygotlostduetothecloudyweather.D．Hereceivedlotsofencouragementfromthecrowds.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第四段第一、二句“Theracedaywassomewhatcloudy,butthewarmthofthepeopleforcedawaytheclouds.Mylimitedmemoriesfromthatfirstraceremain...what'simportant,theunbelievablekindnessofthecrowdscheeringmeonasIhitthewallandtriedtostrugglethrough.”可知，对于作者来说重要的是，当精疲力竭却仍努力坚持时，人群为他欢呼；由此可知，观众对作者的热忱激励让他印象深刻。文中的“what'simportant”与题干中的“impressed”相呼应。故选D。6．Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor'swebsite?AA．Itaimstohelpuniterunninglovers.B．Ithasattractedlargenumbersofparticipants.C．Itattachesgreatimportancetocommunityspirit.D．Itwassetupmainlyforexperiencedmarathoners.解析：推理推断题。依据最终一段其次句“Whetheryou'reanexperiencedmarathonerorjustaninterestedpasser-by,Iinviteyoutoparticipateinthewebsiteandmakeityourhome.”可知，作者创建网站旨在为对跑步感爱好的人供应一个联系的平台，即团结跑步爱好者。故选A。7．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?BA．AGoodMarathonRunnerB．MyUnforgettableFirstMarathonC．StartingaWebsiteforRunnersD．BeingBravetoChallengeOurselves解析：标题归纳题。依据第一段第一句“At18，IcompetedinmyfirstmarathoninDublin,Ireland.”和最终一段第一句“Aftermyfirstmarathon,Istartedawebsitebasedonmyloveforrunning.”可知，本文主要讲解并描述了作者第一次参加马拉松竞赛的故事。故选B。C(2024·湖南省长沙市适应性考试)Allhumansocietiesplaygames.Kickingaballcanbefoundeverywherewhetherjustaballofcloth,oraskinstuffedwithfeathersorair.Butcomplexgamesandteamsportshavetendedtoariseinbigcivilizations—thehighertheculturallevelofasociety,thegreaterthecomplexityofinteraction,andhenceperhapsthemorecomplextheformsofsports.Thisisnotalwaysthecase.TheancientGreeks,forexample,preferredindividualnotteamsports.ButinChinaforwellover2,000years,peopleplayedthegameof“kickball”—cuju.Thememberswereoftenyoungmenfromwealthyfamiliesthoughtherewerealsoprofessionalkickballers,whomyoucouldstickwithinyourteamassleepers.Cujuwasplayedasentertainmentatcourtbanquetsorthereceptionofforeignambassadors.Evenemperorsplayedkickball.Asyou'dexpectinaConfuciansociety,kickballclubswerekeenonthekeyqualitiesofmercyandcourtesy.Agreatplayerwasonewhoshowed“thespiritofthegame”．The“TenEssentialsofKickball”includedrespectforotherplayers,politebehaviorandteamspirit.Therewastobenoungentlemanlybehavior,nodangerousplay,andnohogging(独占)theball.Inotherwords,asweusedtosay,“Playupandplaythegame.”WhatacontrastwiththeancientGreekathleticswhereonlyvictorycountedandifthatneededgamesmanship,orcruelprofessionalfouls(犯规),thensobeit!Asawayofnationalcultureprotection,cujuwaslistedintothefirstbatchofChina'sIntangibleCulturalHeritage(非物质文化遗产)in2006.语篇导读：本文主要介绍了中国古代的蹴鞠运动及其特点。8．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“stuffedwith”meaninParagraph1?AA．Filledwith. B．Decoratedwith.C．Surroundedwith. D．Coveredwith.解析：词义揣测题。由画线短语所在句“Kickingaballcanbefoundeverywherewhetherjustaballofcloth,oraskinstuffedwithfeathersorair.”可知，此处表示在世界的每一个角落都能看到踢球这一运动，然后提出了几种球的类型。结合常识可知，此处表示用羽毛或空气填充的球，A项与画线短语意思最为接近。故选A。9．Whatprobablycontributestothecomplicatedgames?DA．Teams. B．Interaction.C．Society. D．Civilizations.解析：微小环节理解题。结合其次段中的“Butcomplexgamesandteamsportshavetendedtoariseinbigcivilizations”可知，困难的游戏和团队运动往往在浩大的文明中出现，由此可知，是文明促进了困难游戏的诞生。故选D。10．Whowerethemajormembersinacujuteamaccordingtothetext?BA．Sleepers. B．Therichyoungmen.C．Emperors. D．Theprofessionalathletes.解析：微小环节理解题。结合第三段中的“Thememberswereoftenyoungmenfromwealthyfamilies”可知，蹴鞠队的成员通常是来自富有家庭的年轻男子。故选B。11．Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?DA．Kickball'spopularity.B．Kickball'sdevelopment.C．Kickball'simportance.D．Kickball'scharacteristics.解析：主旨大意题。依据第五段内容，特殊是“thekeyqualitiesofmercyandcourtesy,‘thespiritofthegame’，‘TenEssentialsofKickball’”等关键信息可知，本段重点讲解并描述了在古代蹴鞠运动的特点。故选D。Ⅱ.七选五(2024·九省联考适应性测试)CommonMistakesNewRunnersMakeRunningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.However,manymakeanumberofcommonmistakes,whichcaninterfere(阻碍)withtrainingorleadtoinjury.1.B,keepthesethingsinmindtohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.·DoingtoomuchtoosoonOneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine.2.G.·3.ABeginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit'simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.·Notwearingtherightequipment4.F,it'simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts.Themostimportantpieceofequipmentforrunningisagoodpairofrunningshoes,sobesuretodosomeresearchbeforeyoupurchaseapair.Visitarunningspecialtystoreandaskanemployeetofityouforashoe.·Runningthroughpain5.D.Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain.Remember：Itdoesn'tmakeyoulessofarunnerifyoulistentoyourbodytokeepithealthy.A．NottakingrestdaysB．Ifyou'rejuststartingoutC．ComparingyourselftoothersD．RunningcanbeuncomfortableattimesE．It'simportantnottousethesamemusclesF．Whileitmaybetruethatyoudon'tneedexpensiveequipmenttotakeuprunningG．Expertssuggestincreasingyourrunningdistancebynomorethan10%eachweek语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。解析：1．B上文“Runningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.However,manymakeanumberofcommonmistakes,whichcaninterfere(阻碍)withtrainingorleadtoinjury.(跑步是保持体形的好方法，几乎每个人都可以做到。然而，许多人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤。)”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤，由本段标题“CommonMistakesNewRunnersMake(新跑步者常犯的错误)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者会犯的错误，依据下文“keepthesethingsinmindtohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.(记住这些事情可以帮助您增加跑步成功的机会。)”可知，空处是状语从句，B项“假如你刚刚起先”符合，是下文的条件，同时也符合主题，即假如你是新跑步者，本文的建议会帮助你增加成功跑步的机会。故选B。2．G上文“Oneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine.(新跑步者犯的最大错误之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地进入训练支配将有助于降低受伤风险，这样您就可以接着新的跑步习惯。)”指出刚起先跑步的人会跑得太快，所以要慢慢进入训练，不要跑太多太快，G项“专家建议每周增加跑步距离不超过10%”符合，指出不要跑太多。故选G。3．A此处是本段小标题，即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一，依据下文“Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit'simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.(初学者可能认为他们须要每天(或几乎每天)跑步才能达到健身或减肥目标，但这与事实相差甚远。跑步是一项高影响力的活动，对您的身体来说的确很困难。因此，在熬炼之间让身体休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者不休息，A项“没有休息日”符合。故选A。4．F依据本段标题“Notwearingtherightequipment(没有佩戴合适的装备)”可知，本段主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误之一是没有佩戴合适的装备，下文“it'simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts.(熬炼时正确穿着很重要。)”强调跑步时正确穿着很重要，空处也应与“佩戴合适的装备”有关，F项“虽然你可能的确不须要昂贵的设备来起先跑步”符合，其中“equipment”呼应标题中的“therightequipment”，虽然你可能的确不须要昂贵的设备来起先跑步，但是熬炼时正确穿着很重要。故选F。5．D下文“Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain.(假如跑步时感到难过，则须要停下来治疗难过。)”指出跑步时假如感到难过，应当停下来，这说明有时候跑步会让人感到难过，D项“跑步有时会感到不舒适”符合，引起下文，下文介绍了感到难过时该如何做。故选D。Ⅲ.语法填空(2024·湖北省七市调测)Youalreadyknowthefactthatregularexerciseisimportantforcontrollingweightand1.avoiding(avoid)avarietyofhealthconditions.Butitcanalsoimproveyouracademic2.performance(perform)．And,ifyou'readistance-learningstudent,youmaymissoutonsomeoftheopportunitiesforphysicalactivityaffordedtomoretraditionalstudentswhoroutinelywalkaroundcampus.Butit'swellworththeeffort3.toput(put)thescheduleexerciseintopractice.Thestudy,which4.waspublished(publish)inajournal,describesphysicalactivityas5.avigorousmovementthatproducessweatandheavybreathing.MikeMcKenziefoundthatstudentswhostudiedoverthreehoursperdaywere3.5times6.morelikely(likely)tobeexercisers.Overadecadeago,McKenzie7.said(say)researchersdiscoveredalink8.betweenexerciseandfocusinchildren.Morerecently,anotherstudybyJohnsonrevealsthatevenshort“microbursts”ofphysicalactivitythroughoutthedaycanhavepositiveeffects.Jennifertellsthatsittingforlongperiodsoftime,9.which/ascollegestudentstendtodo,canhaveanegativehealtheffect.Inaddition,thestudyfoundthatfive-minuteboutsofwalkingeveryhourhadapositiveimpactonmood,tiredness,andhungerattheendofaday.Thismaybe10.particularly(particular)beneficialtostudentswhoalsoworkafull-timejobandstudyintheeveningandnighttimehours.语篇导读：本篇文章主要介绍了有规律的