适用于新高考新教材备战2025届高考英语一轮总复习Unit3TheInternet新人教版必修第二册

UNIT3THEINTERNETⅠ.阅读理解AWhenthedesignerandtypographer(排印工)MarcinWicharychanceduponatinymuseumjustoutsideBarcelonafiveyearsago,theexperiencetippedhisinterestinthehistoryoftechnologyintoanobsession(痴迷)withaveryparticularpartofit:thekeyboard.“Ihaveneverseensomanytypewritersunderoneroof.Notevenclose,”hesharedontheInternetatthetime.“Atthispoint,Iliterallyhavetearsinmyeyes.I’mnotkidding.Thisfeelslikeamiracle.”He’dhadadiscoverywhilewanderingthroughtheexhibit:Eachkeyonakeyboardhasitsownstories.Andthesestoriesarenotjustaboutcomputingtechnology,butalsoaboutthepeoplewhodesigned,used,orotherwiseinteractedwiththekeyboards.Takethebackspacekeyforexample,heexplains,“Ilikethattheconceptofbackspacewasoriginallyjustthat—aspacegoingbackward.Weareusedtoiterasingnow,butforahundredyears,erasingwasitsownincrediblycomplexeffort.YouneededtomasteraCometeraser,orWite-Out,orstrangecorrectiontapes,andpossiblyalloftheabove...orgiveupandstartfromscratchwheneveryoumadeasmallmistakeintyping.”Thedeeperheresearched,themoreobsessivehebecame.Amazedthatnocomprehensivebooksexistedonthehistoryofkeyboards,hedecidedtocreatehisown.WhennotworkingathisdayjobasthedesignleaderforthedesignsoftwarecompanyFigma,hebeganproducingShiftHappens,atwo-volume,1,216hardcoverbook—andraisedover$750,000fortheprojectonKickstarterinMarchof2024.Wicharywasonlyabitsurprisedbythesupportandthekeyboard’swideappeal.Ashepointsout,“It’ssuchacrucialdevicethatoccupiesalotofourwakinglife.”1.Afterthemuseumexperience,Wichary’sinterestintechnology.

A.tookoffB.diedoutC.grewstrongerD.becamemoreconcrete2.WhatdidWicharydiscoverwhileadmiringthekeyboards?A.Thestoriesbehindthem.B.Thewisdomofhumans.C.Thesecretofthekeyboards.D.Thehistoryoftechnology.3.WhatdoesWicharywanttotellusaboutthebackspacekeyinparagraph4?A.Itisasimplebutpowerfulkey.B.Itcanbeusedtomovebackonespace.C.Itistheresultoflong-termimprovement.D.Itallowspeopletomakemistakeswhentyping.4.WhydidWicharywritehisownbook?A.Tofillagap.B.Togetfamous.C.Tomakemoney.D.Torecordhistory.BManystudieshaveshownthatwhenpeoplereadon-screen,theydon’tunderstandwhatthey’vereadaswellaswhentheyreadinprint.Forexample,researchersinSpainandIsraeltookacloselookat54studiescomparingdigitalandprintreading.Their2024studyinvolvedmorethan171,000readers.Comprehension,theyfound,wasbetteroverallwhenpeoplereadprintratherthandigitaltexts.MaryanneWolf,whoworksattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesexplainedthatreadingisnotnatural.Welearntotalkbylisteningtothosearoundus.It’sprettyautomatic.Butlearningtoreadtakesrealworkbecausethebrainhasnospecialnetworkofcellsjustforreading.Tounderstandtext,thebrainborrowsnetworksthatevolved(进化)todootherthings.Forexample,thepartthatevolvedtorecognizefacesiscalledintoactiontorecognizeletters.Thisissimilartohowyoumightadaptatoolforsomenewuse.Forexample,acoathangerisgreatforputtingyourclothesinthecloset(衣柜).Butifablueberryrollsundertherefrigerator,youmightstraightenoutthecoathangeranduseittoreachundertherefrigeratorandpulloutthefruit.Asaresult,thebrainmightslipintoskim(阅读)modewhenyou’rereadingonascreen.Itmayswitchtodeep-readingmodewhenyouturntoprint.Yourreadingdoesn’tjustdependonthedevice,however.Italsodependsonwhatyouassumeaboutthetext.Baron,whoisascientiststudyinglanguageandreading,callsthismindset.Shesaysonewaymindsetworksisinanticipatinghoweasyorhardweexpectthereadingtobe.Ifwethinkitwillbeeasy,wemightnotputinmucheffort.Muchofwhatwereadon-screentendstobetextmessagesandsocialmediaposts.They’reusuallyeasytounderstand.So,whenpeoplereadon-screen,theyreadfaster.Whenreadingfast,wemaynotabsorballtheideasaswell.Soifyoureallyneedtolearnsomething,you’reprobablybetteroffwithprint.5.WhatisMaryanneWolf’spointofview?A.Readingisunnaturalforthebrain.B.Digitaltextsareeasiertounderstand.C.Oldtoolsshouldbeadaptedfornewuse.D.Therearetwodifferentmodesofreading.6.HowwasMaryanneWolf’spointofviewexplained?A.Byreferringtotheresultsofpreviousstudies.B.Bysortingdatacollectedthroughexperiments.C.Byanalyzingexamplesofpeople’sreadingexperiences.D.Bycomparingreadingtodoingthingswithborrowedtools.7.WhatwillBaronprobablyagreewith?A.Aneffectivereaderabsorbsalltheideas.B.Digitalreadingdevicescanbeputintobetteruse.C.Readingstrategiesshouldbeappliedtoimprovereadingspeed.D.Wehavedifferentmindsetsinscreenreadingandprintreading.8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.What’sbehindhowyouread,deviceorpsychology?B.Aresocialmediapostsfuelingupafastreadingcraze?C.Willyoulearnbetterfromreadingon-screenoronpaper?D.Whichemploysmorepartsofyourbrain,readingorlistening?Ⅱ.七选五Inthisdayandage,itisdifficulttoimagineourliveswithoutemails.Buthowoftendoweconsidertheenvironmentalimpactofthesemessages?1It’seasytoignoretheinvisibleenergyinvolvedinrunningthenetwork—particularlywhenitcomestosendingandstoringdata.

Everysingleemailisstoredonaserver(服务器).2Thesecomputersconsumemassiveamountsofenergy,24hoursaday,andrequirecountlesswaterorairconditioningsystemsforcooling.Themoremessageswesend,receiveandstore,themoreserversareneeded.3

Accordingtocarbonfootprintspecialists,everyspamemail(垃圾邮件)releasesanestimated0.3gramsofCO2intotheatmosphere.Astandardemail,onewithoutanattachmenthasacarbonfootprintof4gramsofCO2.4ThesecarbonemissionscomefromtheenergyusedtooperatethecomputersandaccesstheInternet.

Recentcalculationsindicateifeveryemailusersentonelessunnecessaryemaileachday,itwouldreduceCO2emissionsby16,433tonneseachyear.Thatisthesameas81,152flightsbetweenLondonandMadrid!5Avoidsendingunnecessarymails,reducetheamountofspamyoureceiveandregularlycleanoutyourinbox.

A.Therealimpactmayactuallybeevenhigher.B.Theserverisdesignedtostorehugeamountsofdata.C.Thatmeansmoreenergyconsumed,andmorecarbonemissions.D.Anemailwithalottextandattachmentcanberesponsibleforupto50grams.E.It’sdefinitelyworthwhiletakingafewminutestodoaneco-friendlydigitalclean-up.F.Weassumethatusingemailsrequiresonlytheelectricityusedtopowerourcomputers.G.Quantitiesofemailsrequirehugeserverfarms—millionsofcomputersstoringinformation.Ⅲ.语法填空(2024九省适应性测试)Wheneveryouhavetowriteapaper,aletter,oranyotherdocumentforworkorschool,youprobablyheadtowardthecomputer.Now,mostpeoplereachfor1.(keyboard)fasterthantheypickuppens.InaScottishprimaryschool,however,Mr.NormanLewisistakingadifferentapproach.Hefeelsthatneathandwriting2.(be)stillanimportantskill,sohehashisstudentswritenotonlybyhandbutalso3.oldfashionedfountainpens.

Fountainpens4.(use)inschoolslongagoandhavebeenregainingpopularitylatelybecausetheyarerefillable.Today,awriter5.(simple)throwsanemptypenawayandgets6.newone.

Sofar,Mr.Lewisispleasedwiththeresultsofhisexperiment.Hereportsthathisstudentsaretakingmorecarewiththeirwork,andtheirself-confidencehasimprovedaswell.Heishappywiththe7.(improve)heseesinhisstudents’writing8.inhisownwriting.Heknowsthatcomputersarehere9.(stay)andthattheywillnotdisappear.However,hebelievesthatthepracticewithfountainpenshelpsstudentstofocus,towritefaster,andtheycanfeelproudof10.(they).

Ⅳ.应用文写作学校英语报就近三年暑假学生运用手机消遣的平均时长状况进行问卷调查,作为校报记者,请就图表中的调查结果写一篇分析报告,内容包括:1.问卷结果描述;2.简洁评论;3.你的建议。本校中学生近三年暑假运用手机消遣时长调查结果留意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了去一家小博物馆的阅历让设计师兼排版师MarcinWichary对键盘产生了爱好,之后他起先制作一本关于键盘历史的全面书籍。1.C微小环节理解题。由第一段可知,参观博物馆后,Wichary对技术史的爱好变成了对技术史中一个特别特别的部分(键盘)的痴迷,可知他对技术的爱好变得更加猛烈。2.A微小环节理解题。由第三段中“He’dhadadiscoverywhilewanderingthroughtheexhibit:Eachkeyonakeyboardhasitsownstories.”可知,Wichary在观赏键盘时发觉了键盘背后的故事。故选A项。3.C推理推断题。由第四段中“Weareusedtoiterasingnow,butforahundredyears,erasingwasitsownincrediblycomplexeffort.YouneededtomasteraCometeraser,orWite-Out,orstrangecorrectiontapes,iveupandstartfromscratchwheneveryoumadeasmallmistakeintyping.”可知,一百年前擦除本身就是一项极其困难的工作,而现在人们习惯了退格键的擦除(暗指擦除变得简洁了),Wichary想通过这种变更告知我们退格键是长期改进的结果。故选C项。4.A推理推断题。由最终一段中“Amazedthatnocomprehensivebooksexistedonthehistoryofkeyboards,hedecidedtocreatehisown.”可知,Wichary自己写书是为了填补没有一本关于键盘历史的全面书籍的空白。故选A项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了屏幕阅读的效果不如纸质阅读。5.A微小环节理解题。依据文章其次段中“MaryanneWolf,whoworksattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesexplainedthatreadingisnotnatural.”可知,玛丽安·沃尔夫的观点是阅读对大脑来说是不自然的。6.D微小环节理解题。依据文章第三段中“Tounderstandtext,thebrainborrowsnetworksthatevolvedtodootherthings.Forexample,thepartthatevolvedtorecognizefacesiscalledintoactiontorecognizeletters.Thisissimilartohowyoumightadaptatoolforsomenewuse.”可知,在说明MaryanneWolf的观点时,作者将读和说进行了比较,并且把阅读比作用一种工具做另外一件事。7.D推理推断题。依据文章第四段中“Baron,whoisascientiststudyinglanguageandreading,...So,whenpeoplereadon-screen,theyreadfaster.”可知,Baron认为我们对预期的、不同难易程度的阅读持有不同的“思维倾向”。屏幕上读到的大部分内容往往是短信和社交媒体帖子,它们通常很简洁理解,所以我们的“思维倾向”是它很简洁,我们可能不会付出太多努力。这与纸质阅读材料上的内容不同,对于纸质阅读材料我们会有不同的“思维倾向”。由此推知,Baron可能会赞同“我们在屏幕阅读和印刷阅读上有不同的思维倾向”这一说法。故选D项。8.C主旨大意题。通读全文,结合文章第一段中“Comprehension,theyfound,wasbetteroverallwhenpeoplereadprintratherthandigitaltexts.”和最终一段“Soifyoureallyneedtolearnsomething,you’reprobablybetteroffwithprint.”可知,本文说明白阅读纸质印刷文本比阅读电子文本更好,正好回答了C项“在屏幕上阅读和在纸上阅读哪个学得更好?”这一问题,所以C项是文章最佳标题。Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是电子邮件对环境的不好的影响。1.F空前“Buthowoftendoweconsidertheenvironmentalimpactofthesemessages?”说明我们可能很少考虑电子邮件信息对环境的影响;空后“It’seasytoignoretheinvisibleenergyinvolvedinrunningthenetwork—particularlywhenitcomestosendingandstoringdata.”说明电子邮件是会消耗能量的,空格处应当说我们只会想到电子邮件所消耗的常见的能源。F项说明我们常见的想法,就是电子邮件只须要电,因此承上启下,符合语境,故选F项。2.G空前“Everysingleemailisstoredonaserver.”说明大量的邮件就须要大量的服务器。G项说明白大量的电子邮件须要浩大的服务器群,空后说的“Thesecomputersconsumemassiveamountsofenergy”中的Thesecomputers和G项中的“millionsofcomputers”一样,因此承上启下,符合语境。3.C空前说“Thesecomputersconsumemassiveamountsofenergy,24hoursaday,andrequirecountlesswaterorairconditioningsystemsforcooling.Themoremessageswesend,receiveandstore,themoreserversareneeded.”,空格处应当接着说那更多的服务器对环境的影响以及会消耗更多的能源。C项说明白更多的服务器会消耗更多的能源,造成更多的碳排放,影响环境,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选C项。4.D空前说“Accordingtocarbonfootprintspecialists,everyspamemailreleasesanestimated0.3gramsofCO2intotheatmosphere.Astandardemail,onewithoutanattachmenthasacarbonfootprintof4gramsofCO2.”,空后说“ThesecarbonemissionscomefromtheenergyusedtooperatethecomputersandaccesstheInternet.”,说明空格处也应当提到某种会导致碳排放的邮件。D项说明白包含大量文本和附件的电子邮件排放的二氧化碳的量,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选D项。5.E空后说“Avoidsendingunnecessarymails,reducetheamountofspamyoureceiveandregularlycleanoutyourinbox.”,这些都是削减邮件对环境的不好影响的方法,空格处也应当是一种方法。E项说明白一种削减邮件的不利影响的方法,因此引起下文,符合语境,故选E项。Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了在苏格兰的一所小学里,诺曼·刘易斯让学生运用老式钢笔写字取得良好效果的故事。1.keyboards考查名词的数。依据空格前的介词for可知,空格处应填名词作宾语,keyboard为可数名词,前面没有冠词应用名词的复数形式。故填keyboards。2.is考查动词时态和主谓一样。空格处作谓语,本句陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,且主语handwriting为不行数名词,应用动词的第三人称单数形式