2022年四川省成都市新都区高一下学期期末测试英语试卷

成都市新都区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末测试英语本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。第I卷（选择题）1至8页，第II卷（非选择择题）9-10页，全卷共10页；满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考籍号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。第I卷（满分100分）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）AStoriesBehindFamousCompanyNamesInventorCalebBradhamhadoriginallywantedtobeadoctorbutstartedworkinginapharmacywhenhereturnedhometoNorthCarolina.In1893,hemadeupwhathefirstcalled“Brad'sDrink,"amixofwater,sugar,caramel,lemonoil,nutmeg,andotherflavors.Fiveyearslater,herenameditPepsi-Cola.Heclaimedthedrinkcouldhelpwithdigestion（消化），ordyspepsia,thetermfromwhichBradhamadaptedthenamePepsi.ThisluxurycarmakercombinedelementsfromtheFordandOldsmobilecompanieswhenitwasstartedin1902andlaterbecameknownforitsinnovation（创新）andhighquality.ThecompanywasnamedaftertheFrenchexplorerAntoineLaumetdelaMotheCadillac,whofoundedthecityofDetroitin1701.Companyco-founderGordonBowkerhassaidthatwhilebrainstormingnames,someonebroughtoutamapthatfeaturedtheoldminingtownofStarbo.ThatmayhaveledhimtothinkofStarbuck,thefirstmateinHermanMelville'sfamousnovel,MobyDick.Notonlythecompany'snamebutalsotheoriginofitslogohasarousedgreatcuriosity.TheinventorofRolex,HansWilsdorf,waslookingtomakeanelegant,yetprecise,wristwatch.Hewantedanamethatwaseasytosay,workedindifferentlanguages,andlookedgoodonthewatches.HesettledonRolexin1908.21.Whichcompany'snamehasacloserelationshipwithliterature?A.Pepsi B.Cadillac C.Starbucks D.Rolex22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.CalebBradhamaimedtocuredigestionwithPepsi.B.HansWilsdorfintendedRolextobeuniversallyaccepted.C.Cadillacwasnamedafterthefoundingfatherofthecompany.D.Starbuckswasusedduetotheco-founder'sloveforhishometown.23.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Afamouscompanynameiseasytospell.B.Aspecialstorycanmakeacompanyfamous.C.Acompanynameusuallyhasaspecialmeaninginit.D.Acompanynameisrelatedtothefounder'sprofession.BInBritishBristol,70Englishwomenatonceenteredintolegal"marriage"withdozensoftreesinprotest（反对，抗议）againsttheirbeingcutdown.They＂married＂thetreesinanattempttopreventthemfrombeingclearedforconstructionofresidentialbuildingsworth£55millionintheforest.TheBritishconstructioncompanyhasappliedfortheconstructionof166housesinBristol,includingluxurycottages.Atthesametime,thetownspeoplewereespeciallyangryatthefactthattheapplicationdidnotshowtheexactnumberoftreesthatareplannedtobecutdown.So,inordertoattracttheattentionofthegovernment,theactivistsorganizedanunusualweddingceremonytosavetheforest.TheeventtookplaceataparkonSpikeIsland.Thewomenwhowentthere,dressedinweddingdresses,heldphotographsofthe"suitors"intheirhands.Thecelebrationitselftookplaceaccording.totheclassicstoryline-withgroomsmenandweddingvows（誓词）.TheorganizerwasJohnTarleton,aprofessorattheBristolVeterinarySchool,Accordingtohim,thisactionwassupposedtosuggestthattreesarepartnersofpeoplethroughouttheirlife.TheideatoholdsuchaceremonycamefromSiobhanKierans,whoadmittedthatshecameupwithitbythestoryofwomenfromtheenvironmentalmovementChipko,whochainedthemselvestotreesinthe1970stosavethemfromdestructionbyloggingcompanies.TheprotesterssaidthatBristolneedstreesmorethanluxuryprivatehousing.Oneofthe"brides",SuzanHackett,said,"Togetmarriedtoatreeisarealhonor.It'snotashow.It'shighlysignificant（important）andsymbolic."24.Whydidthewomenmarrytrees?A.Toprotectthetreesfromdyingout.B.Tocallforpeopletoplantmoretrees.C.Todrawthegovernment'sattentiontosavetheforest.D.Toblamethecompanyfordamagingtrees.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"suitors"inParagraph2referto?A.Thementomarry.B.Thecompaniestobuildhouses.C.Thebuildingstobepulleddown.D.Thetreestobesaved.26.WhatinspiredSiobhanKieranstocreatesuchanevent?A.Apreviousenvironmentalcampaign.B.Cruelbehaviorofloggingcompanies.C.Movementsofwomenfightingforrights.D.Womenchainedtotreesfortheirfaults.27.WhatdoesSuzanHackettthinkoftheevent?A.Interesting. B.Meaningful. C.Pioneering. D.Emotional.CWhetherinthehomeortheworkplace,socialrobotsaregoingtobecomealotmorecommoninthenextfewyears.Socialrobotsareabouttobringtechnologytotheeverydayworldinamorehumanizedway,saidCynthiaBreazeal,chiefscientistattherobotcompanyJibo.Whilehouseholdrobotstodaydothenormalhousework,socialrobotswillbemuchmorelikecompanionsthantools.Forexample,theserobotswillbeabletotellwhensomeoneishappyorsad.Thisallowsthemtorespondmoreproperlytotheuser.TheJiborobot,planedtoshiplaterthisyear,isdesignedtobeapersonalizedassistant.Youcantalktotherobot,askitquestions,andmakerequestsforittoperformdifferenttasks.Therobotdoesn'tjustdelivergeneralanswerstoquestions;itrespondsbasedonwhatitlearnsabouteachindividualinthehousehold.Itcandothingssuchasremindinganelderlyfamilymembertotakemedicineortakingfamilyphotos.Socialrobotsarenotjustfindingtheirwayintothehome.Theyhavepotentialusesineverythingfromeducationtohealthcareandarealreadyfindingtheirwayintosomeofthesespaces.FellowRobotsisonecompanybringingsocialrobotstothemarket.Thecompany's“Oshbot"robotisbuilttoassistcustomers.inastore,whichcanhelpthecustomersfinditemsandhelpguidethemtotheproduct'slocationinthestore.Itcanalsospeakdifferentlanguagesandmakerecommendationsfordifferentitemsbasedonwhatthecustomerisshoppingfor.Themoreinteractiontherobothaswithhumans,themoreitlearns.ButOshbot,likeothersocialrobots,isnotintendedtoreplaceworkers,buttoworkalongsideotheremployees."Wehavetechnologiestotrainsocialrobotstodothingsnotforus,butwithus,"saidBreazeal.28.Howaresocialrobotsdifferentfromhouseholdrobots?A.Theycancontroltheiremotions.B.Theyaremorelikehumans.C.Theydothenormalhousework.D.Theyrespondtousersmoreslowly.29.WhatcanaJiborobotdoaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Communicatewithyouandperformoperations.B.Answeryourquestionsandmakerequests.C.Takeyourfamilypicturesanddelivermilk.D.Obeyyourordersandremindyoutotakepills.30.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatsocialrobotswill____.A.trainemployeesB.beourworkmatesC.improvetechnologiesD.taketheplaceofworkers31.Whatdoesthepassagemainlypresent?A.Anewdesignideaofhouseholdrobots.B.Marketingstrategiesforsocialrobots.C.Informationonhouseholdrobots.D.Anintroductiontosocialrobots.DAnyonewatchingtheWinterOlympicsinBeijing,Chinaoverthelastfewdayshasseenman-madesnow.Sincetheareagetslittlenaturalsnow,theWinterOlympicstookplaceonalmost100%man-madesnowforthefirsttime.Thisyear'sWinterOlympicswereheldinBeijing,China,andintwoareasnorthwestofBeijing,YanqingandZhangjiakou.Theareasgetcoldinthewinter,buttheydon'tgetalotofsnow.That'sbecausethey'renotfarfromtheGobiDesert,andaregenerallyverydry.ChinatookwaterfromareservoirwhichhelpedsupplyBeijing'sdrinkingwaterandsentittoanearbyriver.Tocarrythewatertothemountainsformakingsnow,Chinaranmilesandmilesofpipes.Chinasaysmakingthesnowtookabout49,000gallons（185,500liters）ofwater.ChinahiredacompanycalledTechnoAlpintocreatethesnow.TechnoAlpincreatedman-madesnowatseveralearlierWinterOlympics.Forthesnowinthisyear'sOlympics,TechnoAlpinlaidover40miles（64kilometers）ofpipesandbroughtinhundredsofsnow-makingmachines.Withallequipment,makingthesnowforthisyear'sGamestooksevenweeks.Man-madesnowisn'tthesameasnaturalsnow,whichhasmoreairandlesswater.Still,theadvancedmachinescanmakeseveraldifferentkindsofsnowdependingonwhat'sneededforeachsport.Chinasaysthatthesnowatthisyear'sWinterOlympicswasproducedbyusingwindandsolarenergy.Man-madesnowwasusedintheWinterOlympicsin2010and2014becauseofwarmweather.Inthe2018GamesinPycongChang,SouthKorea,approximately90%ofthesnowwasalsomadebymachine.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thecategoriesofskiing.B.Thenecessityofcreatingman-madesnow.C.TheimportanceoftheOlympics.D.ThecharacteristicsoftheGobiDesert.33.Whatisneededfortransportingwater?A.Reservoirs. B.Machines. C.Equipment. D.Pipes.34.Whatcanweinferaboutman-madesnow?A.Itstypesvaryineverysport.B.Ithasnodifferencefromnaturalsnow.C.Itbecameuncommoninwintersportsevents.D.Itcan'tbemadeinenvironment-friendlyways.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheDryConditionsB.Snow-makingMethodsC.TheMan-madeSnowD.China'sWinterOlympics第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BEAGOODTOURISTTourismcanbebothgoodandbad.Yes,itbringsinmoneyforthelocaleconomyandcreateslotsofjobsforlocals,butitmayalsobringsomeproblems.__36__Touristshaveusedpaint,rocks,orevenkeystowriteontheLuxorTempleinEgypt,theColosseuminRome,StonehengeintheUK,memorialstonesatthebottomofQomolangma,andmany,manyotherplaces.Thousandsoftouristssitesarebeingdestroyedbytouristswho“lovethemtodeath".__37__Ifyouwanttoleaveamarkontheworld,doitbychangingsomeone'slifewithkindnessandlove.Passkindnessalongtofuturegenerations,notdestruction.Anotherbigprobleminsomeplaceshasbeentouristsdisturbingthelocalpeopleandlife.__38__Forexample,ChiangMaiUniversityinThailandandYonseiUniversityinSouthKoreahavegreatnumbersoftouristsvisitingtheircampusesandwalkingthroughtheirlibrariesandotherpublicareas,takingpicturesofstudentsanddisturbingtheirstudies.Ihavethreewordsfortouristslikethis:pleasebeconsiderate.__39__Thenumberofproblemsfromtouristsisendless:walkinginlargegroupswithoutconsideringotherswhoneedtowalkby,crossingroadswithoutobservinglocaltrafficlaws,andmanymore.Theonlywaytosolvetheissueoftheterribletourististomakesurethatyouarenotone!__40__Remember,wheneveryoustepoutsideyourcountry'sborders,youarerepresentingyourcountrytotherestoftheworld.A.Justthinkfromotheraspects.B.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.C.Havefuninawaythatdoesnotdisturbothers.D.Bethebest,kindest,mostpolitetouristpossible.E.Ihavethreewordsforpeoplelikethis:pleasestopit.F.Onegrowingproblemistouristswhowanttoprovethattheyhavevisitedsomeplace.G.Sometouristswanderaroundandtakepicturesoflocalpeoplewithoutaskingfortheirpermission.第三部份英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完型填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑（满分30分，共20小题，每小题1.5分）Iwasayoungnewspaperreporter,andIwantedtosucceed.Myfirst__41__wasinLatinAmerica.Itwasalmostmylastjob.IhadnotplannedtostayinthevillageofZacate,__42__ithadbeenraininghardforawholeday.SoIhadtostaythere.Ifoundpeopletherefullof__43__．Thisvillagewasatthefootofavolcano（火山）．Itwasbecomingmore__44__.Men,womenandchildrencametothesquare.Afew__45__eachotherandwentoutoftowntogetasfarawayfromthevolcanoaspossible,withlargeandfull__46__intheirhands.Suddenly,Ifeltastrong__47__,Thevillagersinthesquareranawayas__48__astheyfelttheearthquake.Attherighttime,Isawblacksmoke__49__downthesideofthemountaintowardsthevillage.Treesandgrassburnedupinasecond.Thevolcanoeruptionwascomingso__50__thatinlessthanaminutetheroadstothevillageswere__51__.AllIcoulddowaswatchingand__52__．Suddenly，mylandlord（房东）criedout，＂Look！”He__53__toasmallhill．Thelava（岩浆）wasnotcomingoveritbut__54__oneachsideofthevillage，__55__thevillagecenterundamaged.Luckily,foratime,atleast,wewere__56__.Mylandlordgavemea__57__blankettocovermyselftoavoidthe__58__andwepouredwateroverourheadstocoolourselves.Wecouldhardlybreathebecauseoftheheatandthe__59__oftheburninghouses.Thanks__60__mylandlord,Isurvivedthevolcano.41. A.friend B.job C.trip D.shopping42. A.so B.if C.or D.but43. A.happiness B.fear C.decision D.power44. A.comfortable B.weak C.active D.calm45. A.helped B.saw C.caught D.found46. A.flowers B.umbrellas C.books D.packs47. A.flood B.earthquake C.cold D.fire48. A.fast B.quickly C.soon D.quietly49. A.rolling B.disappearing C.lying D.settling50. A.gradually B.frequently C.strongly D.hardly51. A.putoff B.cutoff C.builtup D.fixedup52. A.waiting B.shouting C.complaining D.crying53. A.returned B.added C.got D.pointed54. A.recovering B.resting C.escaping D.flowing55. A.leaving B.making C.letting D.getting56. A.dangerous B.warm C.safe D.healthy57. A.dry B.new C.small D.wet58. A.light B.heat C.fear D.coldness59. A.smoke B.smell C.sight D.sound60. A.for B.of C.to D.with第II卷（50分）注意事项：用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分语言知识运用第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。LastFriday,doctorsattheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCentersuccessfullyreplaced61____heartofaverysickmanwithaspecially-grownpig'sheart.Itisthefirsttimethatdoctors62____（do）thissurgerybynow.Afterthreedays,thepatientappearstobedoingverywell.Dr.BartleyGriffithwhoisthefirstsurgeon63____（perform）theoperation,saidthishadneverbeendonebefore.DavidBennett,57,isthemanofferedtheheart.Hewasgivenspecial64____（permit）tohavetheunusualoperationbecausewithoutit,hewouldhavedied.Transplants（移植）usuallycomefrompeoplewhohavedied，butwant65____（they）organstobeusedtohelpotherpeoplelive.Therearefar66____（large）numbersofpatientswhoneedorgansthanthoseoforgans.Over3,800Americansgothearttransplantslastyear.Butthereare67____（rough）110,000peoplewhoarewaitingforsomekindoftransplant.Foryears,scientistshavetriedtofigureout68____theytransplantorgansfromotheranimalsintohumans.Thisishardbecausethehumanbodyalmostalwaysrejectssomethingthatisn'titsown.Muhammadisoneofthe69____（doctor）whohelpedperformthesurgery.He'sbeenworkingtodevelopmethodstohelppreventpigorgans70____beingrejectedinhumans.DoctorsarewatchingMr.Bennett'srecovery.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节根据提示填空（共10空，共10分，每题1分。）答题卡上请写出完整单词。71.Thepoormanmadeabig______（财富）bysellingoldthings.72.WatchingviolenceonTVmakessomechildrenmore______（好斗的）.73.Nowadaysbicyclesarebecomingan______（可替代的）meansofprivatecars.74.TheInternetmakesitc______forustoshoponlineinthecomfortofourhome.75.Ifyourrighthandisbusygreetingsomeone,itcannotbeholdingaw______.76.Hewenttoanartschooltostudypaintingands______（雕塑）.77.Thecentralgovemmentissparingn