2024年高考英语一轮复习第26讲阅读理解应用文（核心考点）

第26讲阅读理解应用文（核心考点精讲精练）1.三年真题应用文考点细目表时间卷次主题语境字数题型分类2023年新高考I卷人与社会：新高考=2\*ROMANII卷人与自然：黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目253+843个细节理解题。全国甲卷人与社会：曼谷美食之旅的建议262+863个细节理解题。全国乙卷人与社会：四位从医人员的生平与事迹233+832个细节理解题；1个推理判断题。北京卷人与社会：成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求237+1103个细节理解题。浙江卷人与社会：探险家营地的相关信息210+733个细节理解题。天津卷人与社会：2022年新高考I卷人与社会：文学概论课程评分办法236+851个细节理解题；2个推理判断题。新高考=2\*ROMANII卷人与社会：关于儿童博物馆团体游的相关信息235+893个细节理解题。全国甲卷人与社会：Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所287+713个细节理解题。全国乙卷人与社会：画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士的展览194+853个细节理解题。北京卷人与自我：同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)281+993个细节理解题。浙江卷///天津卷人与自我：大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧325+1634个细节理解题；1个推理判断题。2021年新高考I卷人与社会：罗马的几个价格低廉，安全舒适的旅馆288+853个细节理解题。新高考=2\*ROMANII卷人与社会：夏天约克郡的四个活动256+803个细节理解题。全国甲卷人与社会：摄影比赛Takeaview以及获奖的相关情况243+782个细节理解题；1个推理判断题。全国乙卷人与社会：世界四大体育场240+723个细节理解题。北京卷人与社会：联合国教科文组织的实习项目330+1153个细节理解题。浙江卷1月卷///浙江卷6月卷///天津卷（第一次）人与社会：四则招工广告268+1344个细节理解题。天津卷（第二次）人与自我：轻松开始大学生活360+2013个细节理解题；2个推理判断题。2.命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】从命题上看，应用文主要考查细节理解，近年来也会考查推理判断、写作意图以及读者对象等。应用文阅读材料简单明了，主要考查考生快速而准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力。【备考策略】应用文阅读理解总体上要做到稳、准、快，在确保准确率的基础上提高阅读速度，以节省时间。解题时，要做到：（1）快速浏览主题。快速浏览加粗字体的标题、小标题或加下划线的语句等最重要的信息，以了解语篇提供的是哪方面的信息，并判定行文方式。（2）速读题干，跳读定位信息。接下来阅读每一道试题，根据题干定位信息点，并在文章中找出答案或相关信息。在定位和寻找信息点的时候，可以充分利用加粗字体的标题、小标题、加下划线的语句等重要信息提高阅读和解题速度，如果每则信息的项目及其位置具有一致性和对应性，就可利用其一致性和对应性快速查找答案，查找信息时不一定要读完全文。（3）细读解题信息。最后，根据查找的相关信息，经过思考后选出正确答案。【命题预测】从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2024年高考应用文阅读理解试题难度会保持相对稳定，阅读材料会翻新，但会继续考查考生快速而准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力。题型总览应用文：广告、书信、列车或飞机的时刻表、产品说明书、宣传海报、简明新闻等都属于应用文，他们的目的都是为了向读者传输信息。在阅读这类文章时主要是注意细节信息（时间、地点、人物或数据），做题时，根据所提问题中的关键词定位，用寻读、跳读的方法更有效。【做题步骤】1.不需读原文（有题目和小标题的要看），直接看问题，划出问题中的关键词2.从题干中寻找关键词，定位问题答案【注意】①细节题的正确选项大都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)②注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括（2023·新高考卷II阅读理解A篇）【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】YellowstoneNationalParkoffersavarietyofrangerprogramsthroughoutthepark,andthroughouttheyear.Thefollowingaredescriptionsoftherangerprogramsthissummer.ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone(May26toSeptember2)Whetheryou’rehikingabackcountrytrail(小径),camping,orjustenjoyingthepark’samazingwildlifefromtheroad,thisquickworkshopisforyouandyourfamily.Learnwheretolookforanimalsandhowtosafelyenjoyyourwildlifewatchingexperience.MeetattheCanyonVillageStore.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics(June5toAugust21)KidscantesttheirskillsandparetheirabilitiestotheanimalsofYellowstone.Stayforaslittleoraslongasyourplansallow.MeetinfrontoftheVisitorEducationCenter.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)Fromaclassicviewpoint,enjoyLowerFalls,theYellowstoneRiver,andthebreathtakingcolorsofthecanyon(峡谷)whilelearningaboutthearea’snaturalandhumanhistory.Discoverwhyartistsandphotographerscontinuetobedrawntothisspecialplace.MeetonthelowerplatformatArtistPointontheSouthRimDriveforthisshorttalk.PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)Enhanceyourphotographyskills—joinYellowstone’sparkphotographerforahandsonprogramtoinspirenewandcreativewaysofenjoyingthebeautyandwonderofYellowstone.6/19—Waterfalls&WideAngles:meetatArtistPoint.7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.1.Whichofthefourprogramsbeginstheearliest?A.PhotographyWorkshops. B.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics.C.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint. D.ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone.2.WhatistheshorttalkatArtistPointabout?A.Worksoffamousartists. B.Protectionofwildanimals.C.Basicphotographyskills. D.Historyofthecanyonarea.3.WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop?A.ArtistPoint. B.WashburnTrailhead.C.CanyonVillageStore. D.VisitorEducationCenter.做题思路：1.快速阅读第一段和四个小标题，是黄石公园的四个护林员项目。2.直接按顺序做题。第一题，题干关键词“earliest”，直接定位原文括号当中的时间段。能很容易的选择D3.第二题，题干关键词“shorttalk”“ArtistPoint”。定位项目三“CanyonTalksatArtistPoint”whilelearningaboutthearea’snaturalandhumanhistory.Discoverwhyartistsandphotographerscontinuetobedrawntothisspecialplace.选择D，4.第三题，题干关键词“theJuly10”“Where”，直接定位项目四，7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.选择B【结论】①A篇阅读题型都是细节题，按题干定位寻找答案区间，难度不大，所以要求快。②A篇常考难点题型一为数据计算题，一定要看准题干要求，胆大心细。③A篇常考难点题型二为文章来源题/目标读者题，一定要从文章体裁考虑考点一数据计算例题数据计算试题一般要求考生能根据阅读材料中给出的有关数据，找出计算关系，通过计算，得出正确的结论。这类计算一般来说比较简单，关键是要弄清各数据间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法，问题便迎刃而解了。对于数据较多、项目复杂用时间或空间跨度较大的短文，通常可采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。对于相对不太复杂的数据，可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基准，进行简单的运算就可得出。数字计算题最常用的方法：第一步：审读题干，提取关键信息；第二步：速读定位原文中包含该信息的相关段落；第三步：进行推算，得出答案。解题原则：文章中直接给出来相关数据，要经过具体的对比、分析、计算才能够得出答案。数据计算例题一【2023·新高考卷I阅读理解A篇】BikeRental&GuidedTours...PricesHandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.002.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50.【2题详解】细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。今年错误率比较高的第二题，考生定位没有问题，但对additional理解有误，算成了14.75*2，答案应该为14.75+8.数据计算例题二【2022·新高考卷I阅读理解A篇】GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90100,A;8089,B;7079,C;6069,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillbinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstopletefourassignments(作业)duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/InClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytopleteshortinclasswritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobepletedinclassorshortassignmentstobepletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotpletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper. C.Acourseplan. D.Anacademicarticle.推理判断题。根据文章标题“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature(文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays(60%)部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillbinetoformthemainpartofthegradeofforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。1.快速阅读大标题和四个小标题，是文学入门课程的评分标准。2.直接按顺序做题。22题，关键词“student’sfinalgrade”学生学期末最终分由几部分构成？直接找几个大标题后面的百分比，60%+30%+10%=100%所以是三部分。选B1.（2023·重庆·校联考三模）VirtualWinterMathContestPreparationClubregistrationsarenowopen!WinterContestPreparationClub(January10—February3,2023,Online)MathEnrichmentCourses(February7—March3,2023,Online)CourseStreams•ContestCoursesaredesignedtocovercontestquestionsandproblemsolvingstrategies.Instructionsfocusonthefundamentalsofproblemsolvinginfunways,andimprovingskillsinassessinghowtosolveaproblembyrecognizingitstype.•ProgrammingCoursesfocusonexploringtherelationshipbetweenmathandprogramming.Buildingonmathknowledge,solvingmathpuzzles,andlearningprogrammingconcepts,studentsprogramtogethertosolvechallengesandprojects.•EnrichmentCoursesaredesignedforstudentswhoarefortableinmathconceptsattheirgradelevelandarelookingforgreaterchallengesandnewwaystostimulatetheirinterestinmath.ProgramFeesandFinancialSupport•OnlineGrades18ContestClubandEnrichmentCourses:$225•OnlineGrades912ContestClubandEnrichmentCourses:$240+taxIfyouareunabletopayforthefullprogrambecauseyouhavebeenfinanciallyaffected,pleaseapplyforascholarship.Furtherinformationandanapplicationformcanbefoundhere.RefundPolicyThereisa$50administrativefeeforcancellationrequests.Cancellationsmade48hoursbeforethefirstclasswillreceiveafullrefundminustheadministrativefee.Requestsforrefundsafterthedeadlinewillnotbeprocessed.RegistrationToregisterforanyclass,youmustcreateanaccountonourregistrationsystembyclickingthebuttonbelow.2．Howmuchcana6thgraderberefundedifhecancelsregistration3daysinadvance?A．$175. B．$190. C．$225. D．$240.3．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Alocalnewspaper B．AresearchreportC．Aninstructionmanual D．Acurriculumwebsite【答案】1．C2．A3．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了虚拟冬季数学竞赛准备俱乐部的课程安排，项目费用，退费政策等相关信息。1．细节理解题。根据CourseStreams部分“ContestCoursesaredesignedtocovercontestquestionsandproblemsolvingstrategies.(竞赛课程旨在涵盖竞赛问题和解决问题的策略)”可知，竞赛课程的重点是解决问题。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据ProgramFeesandFinancialSupport部分“OnlineGrades18ContestClubandEnrichmentCourses:$225(18年级在线竞赛俱乐部和强化课程：225美元)”以及RefundPolicy部分“Thereisa$50administrativefeeforcancellationrequests.Cancellationsmade48hoursbeforethefirstclasswillreceiveafullrefundminustheadministrativefee.(取消申请需支付50美元的管理费。在第一节课前48小时取消预订将获得扣除管理费之后的全额退款)”可知，一位6年级的学生需支付225美元，提前三天取消课程需扣除50美元的管理费，退回的费用为22550=175美元。故选A。3．推理判断题。根据Registration部分“Toregisterforanyclass,youmustcreateanaccountonourregistrationsystembyclickingthebuttonbelow.(要注册任何课程，您必须单击下面的按钮在我们的注册系统上创建一个帐户)”以及文章内容可推知，本文可能选自课程网站。故选D。2.（2023·广东广州·统考三模）Coldrains,icysidewalksandgrayskiescanmakewintertravelatrial.Buthotdrinks,snowyslopes,frozenlakesandblueskiesfulloffreshair?That’sthekindofwinterwecanallhaveatry.Herearesomecitiesaroundtheworldthatmakeforagreatcoldweatherdestination.Prague,CzechRepublicWithitssnowcappedtowersandcobbledwindingstreets,Pragueisafairytalecitythatremainsrelativelytouristfreeinwinter.Theunusualandimpressivearchitecturelooksevenprettierunderasheetofsnow.Gasstreetlampsthroughoutthecitycenteraddaromanticcolortoevenings.Cafeshereareidealforescapingthebittercold.ThefascinatingEstatesTheatre,whereMozartconductedtheworldpremiere(首演)of“DonGiovanni”in1787,isamust.Tromso,NorwayTromso,knownasthecapitaloftheArctic,isgreatinwinter.It’swidelyregardedasNorway’smostbeautifulcityandisabaseforspottingthenorthernlights.Therearealsofascinatingmuseums,includingthePolarMuseum,whichoffersaninsightintothehistoryofArcticexpeditions,andtheTromsoMuseum,famousforitsSamiexhibitions.Amsterdam,NetherlandsInwinter,Amsterdam’smuseumsaremuchlesscrowded,makingitthetimetovisitattractionssuchasRijksmuseumortheAnneFrankHouse.Builtoriginallytohouseacircus,theRoyalCarréTheatreismorethan130yearsold.Childrenwilllovethespectacularperformances.Edinburgh,ScotlandCobbledstreets,abeautifulcastleandlovelypublicgardensmakeEdinburghabeautifulcityanytimeofyear,butinwinterit’sbreathtaking.PrincesStreetGardensistransformedintoawonderland,withiceskatingrinks,enormousChristmastreesandaFerriswheel.Ontheedgeofthecity,Arthur’sSeatistheperfectlocationforawinterwalkandtheviewsfromthetoparesecondtonone.1．WhatisoneoftheattractionsofPragueinwinter?A．Nochargeforalltourists.B．Iconicarchitecturescoveredbysnow.C．Colorfulgaslampsforstreetlighting.D．Mozart’sperformance“DonGiovanni”.2．Ifyoutakeyour4yearoldkid,whichplaceisthebestchoice?A．Prague,CzechRepublic. B．Tromso,Norway.C．Amsterdam,Netherlands. D．Edinburgh,Scotland.3．Whereisthistextprobablyfrom?A．Atourblog. B．Atravelmagazine.C．Ageographytextbook. D．Agovernmentwebsite.【答案】1．B2．C3．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些适合在冬季寒冷天气旅游的城市。1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Withitssnowcappedtowersandcobbledwindingstreets,Pragueisafairytalecitythatremainsrelativelytouristfreeinwinter.Theunusualandimpressivearchitecturelooksevenprettierunderasheetofsnow.(白雪覆盖的塔楼和蜿蜒的鹅卵石街道，布拉格是一座童话般的城市，冬天游客相对较少。这座独特而令人印象深刻的建筑在一层雪下显得更加美丽。)”可知，在布拉格，游客可以欣赏到被雪覆盖的建筑。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Builtoriginallytohouseacircus,theRoyalCarréTheatreismorethan130yearsold.Childrenwilllovethespectacularperformances.(皇家歌剧院最初是为马戏团而建，至今已有130多年的历史。孩子们会喜欢这些精彩的表演。)”可判断，Amsterdam是最适合孩子去的城市。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Coldrains,icysidewalksandgrayskiescanmakewintertravelatrial.Buthotdrinks,snowyslopes,frozenlakesandblueskiesfulloffreshair?That’sthekindofwinterwecanallhaveatry.Herearesomecitiesaroundtheworldthatmakeforagreatcoldweatherdestination.(寒冷的雨、冰冷的人行道和灰色的天空会让冬季旅行变得很艰难。但是热饮、雪坡、冰冻的湖泊和充满新鲜空气的蓝天呢？这样的冬天我们都可以试一试。这里有一些世界各地的城市是寒冷天气的好去处。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一些适合冬季寒冷天气里旅游的城市，所以这篇文章是一篇旅游指南，最有可能摘自旅游杂志。故选B。3.（2023·贵州遵义·统考三模）Top4MidRangeMobilePhonesIfyoudon’twantto,youdon’tneedtobreakthebanktohaveaqualitysmartphone.Actuallythereareawealthofchoicesinthemoreaffordablerange.Herearefourphonesthatstandout.Honor70TheHonor70isabitofanupgradeontheHonor50,withmuchthesamefeatures,includingahighqualityOLEDdisplay,thoughthe70isslightlybigger.Ithasafastprocessingchipandismadeformultitasking,soslowperformanceshouldn’tbeaproblem.SamsungA53TheA53esinatslightlysmallerthantheA13butalsohassomeofthesamefeatures,aquadcamerasystem,andasimilarbattery.However,theA53doeshaveabetterfullHDdisplayandbetterpeakbrightness,idealforwatchingmoviesandvideosonthego.OppoA94TheA94eswithveryfast5Gcapability,makinglongwaitingtimesfordownloadswhenwatchingvideoathingofthepast.Coupledwithintelligentpowerconsumptionforlongeruseandacolourful,vibrantAMOLEDdisplay,it’sperfectforentertainmentonthego.iPhone12Poweredby5GandApple’sA14chiptoenablefasterdownloading,streamingandoverallbootup(开机)time,theiPhone12isaspeedyandpowerfuldevice.AlsofeaturedisaHDRdisplayforclearviewingandNanoCeramicCrystalsintheglassdisplaytoprotectthescreenfromtheoccasionaldropandfromscratches.1．WhatisthefeatureofHonor70?A．Itisdesignedtomultitask. B．ItisequippedwithanHDdisplay.C．ItissmallerinsizethanHonor50. D．Ithasthebestbatteryperformance.2．WhatdoOppoA94andiPhone12haveinmon?A．Theyrunatahighspeed. B．Theyareeasilyscratched.C．Theyhavethesamedisplay. D．Theyusethesametypeofchip.3．Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Inadiary. B．Inanovel.C．Inamagazine. D．Inasciencepaper.【答案】1．A2．A3．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文，告知人们如何用便宜的价格选购不错的。【详解】1.细节理解题。由Honor70中关键句“Ithasafastprocessingchipandismadeformultitasking,soslowperformanceshouldn`tbeaproblem.(它有一个快速处理芯片，专为多任务处理而设计，所以不会有性能缓慢的问题)”可知，Honor70以多任务为设计取向。故选A项。2.细节理解题。由OppoA94中关键句“TheA94eswithveryfast5Gcapability,makinglongwaitingtimesfordownloadswhenwatchingvideoathingofthepast.(A94配备了非常快的5G功能，使观看视频时的长时间等待成为过去)”以及iPhone12中关键句“Poweredby5GandApple`sA14chiptoenablefasterdownloading,streamingandoverallbootuptime,theiPhone12isaspeedyandpowerfuldevice.(采用5G和苹果的A14芯片，、流媒体速度更快，启动时间也更快，iPhone12是一款速度快、功能强大的设备)”可知，两款运行速度快。故选A项。3.推理判断题。根据文章标题及第一段“Herearefourphonesthatstandout.(以下是四款脱颖而出的)”及全文内容可知，这篇文章介绍了市面上的四款，最有可能来自一本杂志。故选C项。考点二文章来源题/目标读者题锁定关键词：根据设题方式迅速确定题型:Thispassagewouldbemostlikelytobefoundin．Thepassageisprobablytakenfrom．Wheredoesthistextprobablyefrom?Whichsectionofamagazineisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?Thetextisintendedfor．解题指导：根据文章的话题和细节确定文章出处或写作对象根据文章的体裁和内容判断文章的中心话题广告：语言简洁鲜明，有亮点；报刊：时事性强，分不同板块，高考中常以政治、生活的话题为主；杂志：覆盖生活各个层面，更贴近幕后，更贴近生活；产品说明书：对某产品的功能特色及操作方式等做出介绍；药品说明：说明药品的服用时间、次数、药量、禁忌等；网络：文体不限，找到clickhere，download，up­load，link，mouse,surf等网络标志文章来源题/目标读者题例题一【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90100,A;8089,B;7079,C;6069,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillbinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstopletefourassignments(作业)duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/InClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytopleteshortinclasswritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobepletedinclassorshortassignmentstobepletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotpletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper. C.Acourseplan. D.Anacademicarticle.推理判断题。根据文章标题“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature(文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays(60%)部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillbinetoformthemainpartofthegradeofforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。如何解决文章来源题?做此类题目应从文章的内容和结构来判断其出处。如果来源于报纸，前面一般会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称；如果是广告，其格式很容易辨认；如果来源于网站，会有相应的下划线，日期，click，update等字样如果是书评，杂志等，要看文章内容是否是介绍类说明文文章来源题/目标读者题例题二（2023·四川绵阳·四川省绵阳南山中学校考模拟预测阅读理解A篇）Thesummervacationisjustaroundthecorner.Withsuchalongholidaytospend,haveyoudecidedwheretogetyourselfrelaxedfromthegreatpressureofschoolstudy?Ourpanyspecializesinciviltours.Wetakeprideinofferingyouthebestservicesandinprovidingyouwithavacationthatwillbefondlyremembered.Thefollowingplacescanbeyourunforgettabledestinationsinourcountry.A．TheAustralianMuseumTheAustralianMuseumhasaninternationalreputationinthefieldsofnaturalhistoryandindigenousstudiesresearchandexhibitions.Themuseumwasestablishedin1827andisAustralia’sfirstmuseumofnaturalscienceandculturalartifacts.B．SydneyOlympicParkHomeoftheBestGamesEverand2003RugbyWorld,SydneyOlympicParkisagoldmedalattractionandcontinuestoserveasamajorsportandsocialvenue.Apartfromitsultramodernsportvenues,SydneyOlympicParkissetinextensiveparklands.BicentennialPark,oneofSydney’smostpopularrecreationalareas,iscrisscrossedwithwalkingandbicycletracks.C．ArtGalleryofNewSouthWalesLocatedwithinashortwalkingdistancefromSydney’sCBD,theArtGalleryofNewSouthWalesisoneofAustralia’sforemostartmuseumshousingsomeofthefinestworksofartinthecountry.TheGalleryhasarichanddiversecollectionincludingkeyworksoftheHeidelbergSchoolandfavoritemodernAustralianartistsincludingBrettWhiteleyandMargaretPreston,aswellaspermanentAustralian,European,Asian,contemporaryandphotographicgalleries.D．KoalasParkSanctuaryKoalasareonshoweveryday.Showsareat10:20A．M.,11:20A．M.,2:00P.M.,3:00P.M.whereyoucancuddle,feed,patandhaveyourphototakenwiththeKoalas.SeefreeroamingKoalasaswell,10acresofrainforest.Walkinandpatourkangaroos.1．HowlonghastheAustralianMuseumbeenbuilt?A．Around230years. B．Around190years.C．Around140years. D．Around100years.2．Whichofthefollowingmightbemoreinvitingtoasportsfan?A．KoalasParkSanctuary. B．ArtGalleryofNewSouthWales.C．TheAustralianMuseum. D．SydneyOlympicPark3．Whoisthispassageintendedfor?A．Schoolstudents. B．Parents. C．Foreigntourists. D．Teachers.【答案】1．B2．D3．A【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了在寒假期间可以去游玩的四个旅游景点并详细介绍了这四个景点的具体信息。1．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Themuseumwasestablishedin1827andisAustralia'sfirstmuseumofnaturalscienceandculturalartifacts.(该博物馆成立于1827年，是澳大利亚第一个自然科学和文化文物博物馆。)”可知这家博物馆是在1827年建的，而现在是2023年，距今大约190年。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据第三段“HomeoftheBestGamesEverand2003RugbyWorld,SydneyOlympicParkisagoldmedalattractionandcontinuestoserveasamajorsportandsocialvenue.(悉尼奥林匹克公园是有史以来最好的奥运会和2003年橄榄球世界的举办地，是一个金牌景点，并继续作为一个主要的体育和社交场所。)”可知，SydneyOlympicPark最可能吸引喜欢运动的人。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据第一段“Thesummervacationisjustaroundthecorner.Withsuchalongholidaytospend,haveyoudecidedwheretogetyourselfrelaxedfromthegreatpressureofschoolstudy?(暑假就在眼前。有这么长的假期要度过，你决定去哪里放松一下学校学习的巨大压力了吗？)”结合文章介绍了在寒假期间可以去游玩的四个旅游景点并详细介绍了这四个景点的具体信息。可推知，文章针对的是学校学生。故选A。1.（2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考三模）We’rehostingaReviewBlitz!Wewantreasonablereviewsinonemonth!Thesereviewsmustbeyourhonestopinions.Justremembertosubmit(提交)yourreviewbeforeAugust23,2023.Rules:

Youmustbeateen(aged1319)withaTeenCreativityaccounttoenter.

Submissionsmustrelatetothetopic.

Eachreviewmustbewrittenwithin250words.

Thereisnolimittothenumberofpiecesyoucansubmit.Guidelines:

Giveabriefsummaryofthebook.Don’texplaintheentireplotortellyourreaderhowthebookends.

Tellthereaderwhatyoulikeordislikeaboutthebook.

Remendthebooktosomecertainreaders.Isthebookmoresuitabletoolderteens?Wouldsciencefictionfansbeinterestedinthisbook?It’shelpfulforreaderstothinkaboutthebookinthecontextofotherbooksthey’veread.

Rememberthatit’sokaytohaveastrongopinion!Avoidstartingsentenceswith“Ithink”,“Ibelieve”or“Inmyopinion”.Prizes:

Allparticipantswillreceiveacertificate.

FirstprizewinnerswilleachhaveonereviewpublishedinTeenCreativitymagazineandgetafree6monthmagazinesubscription(订阅).

Secondprizewinnerswilleachgetafree3monthmagazinesubscription.

You’llreceivetheseprizesbeforeDecember28,2023.Submityourworkstoteencreativity.Wehopereviewingbooksbringsyoujoy.1．Whatcanwegetfromtherulesofthepetition?A．Anyaccountcanbeusedtoenter.B．Areviewshouldinclude250keywords.C．WorkscanbeuploadedafterAug.23rd.D．Apersoncanuploadmorethanonepiece.2．Whichofthefollowingshouldareviewcontain?A．Theremendationtoallreaders. B．Sentenceswith“Ithink”and“Ibelieve”.C．Theclearattitudeaboutthebook. D．Asummarytoexplainthewholeplots.3．Whoisthistextintendedfor?A．Bookishteenagers. B．Whitecollarworkers.C．Teachingstaff. D．Retiredpeople.【答案】1．D2．C3．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一则关于征集对一本书的书评的启事，对书评内容、要求、提交日期、奖励等进行了说明。1．细节理解题。根据Rules部分的“Thereisnolimittothenumberofpiecesyoucansubmit.(提交作品的数量没有限制)”可知，不限制提交的作品数量，即提交的作品可以大于一个。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据Guidelines部分的“Tellthereaderwhatyoulikeordislikeaboutthebook.(告诉读者你喜欢或不喜欢这本书的什么)”可知，书评要表达对这本书明确的态度。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据Rules部分的“Youmustbeateen(aged1319)withaTeenCreativityaccounttoenter.(你必须是一个有TeenCreativity账号的青少年(1319岁))”和最后一段“Wehopereviewingbooksbringsyoujoy.(我们希望评论书能给你带来快乐)”推知，喜欢阅读的青少年最有可能读这篇文章。故选A。2.（2023·浙江丽水·校联考三模）TheLondonBookFairTimeandLocationTheLondonBookFairwilltakeplace18—20June,2023,OlympiaLondon.Children’s&YoungAdultOurChildren’s&YoungAdultsectiontraditionallywelestheleadingnamesinthefieldtoexhibit.Thesepaniesenjoynoisypassagewaysfullofvisitorsandbenefitfromtheopportunitytoincreasebrandawareness.However,anychildrenunder16arenotallowedtobeatTheLondonBookFair.Authors&SelfPublishingAuthorHQ,whichconsistsofatheatreandnetworkingarea,isoneofourmostpopularfeatures,attractinggreatinterestfromtheselfpublishingmunity.Meanwhile,ourAuthoroftheDayprogrammehelpsbringwritersfacetofacewithbestsellingauthorswhowillsharetheirjourneytopublicationduringaspecialseriesoftalksatthefair.TechnologyandPublishingSolutionsAllthenewwaystotreatcontentarefoundintheTechareaatLBF,locatedintheNationalGalleryofOlympia.Whetheritisanapp,game,mobiledevelopmentorenhancedeBook—oradevelopmentnotyetlaunched—theTechareaisitshome.Tokeepthecreativityflowing,thereisadedicatedBuzzBarintheheartoftheTechareaforthoseallimportantnetworkingmeetings.BAMembersBAMembersattendthefairforFREEandreceiveanumberofkeybenefits,makingthefairamoreaccessible,costeffectiveandhighlyrelevanteventforbooksellers.SimplyclickheretofindoutmoreaboutbeingaBAmemberandtakeadvantageofthisoffer.Ifyouhaveanyfurtherdifficulties,pleasecontactourCustomerServicesteamwhowillbehappytohelp.1．WhowillbeweledbytheLondonBookFair?A．Amotherwithakid. B．Agreenhandwriter.C．Aprimaryschoolstudent. D．AvisitorgettingtoLondoninJuly.2．Whatshouldwedotogainmorebenefitsonthefair?A．ApplyforBAmembers. B．Attendnetworkingmeetings.C．Increasebrandawareness. D．ContactCustomerServicesteam.3．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atextbook.B．Anewspaper.C．Awebsite.D．Afashionmagazine.【答案】1．B2．A3．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了伦敦书展的时间地点、面向对象、技术和出版解决服务等信息。1．推理判断题。根据Authors&SelfPublishing部分中“Meanwhile,ourAuthoroftheDayprogrammehelpsbringwritersfacetofacewithbestsellingauthorswhowillsharetheirjourneytopublicationduringaspecialseriesoftalksatthefair.（与此同时，我们的“当天的作者”计划帮助作家们与畅销书作家面对面交流，他们将在展会上的一系列特别讲座中分享他们的出版之旅。）”可知，伦敦书展安排了“当天的作者”计划，给予作家与畅销书作家面对面交流的机会。由此推知，该书展欢迎作家参与，一个新手作家会受到欢迎。故选B项。2．细节理解题。根据BAMembers部分中“BAMembersattendthefairforFREEandreceiveanumberofkeybenefits,makingthefairamoreaccessible,costeffectiveandhighlyrelevanteventforbooksellers.（BA会员可免费参加展览会，并可享受多项好处，使展览会成为一个对书商来说更方便、更具成本效益和高度相关的活动。）”可知，申请成为BA会员可以在书展上获得更多好处。故选A项。3．推理判断题。根据BAMembers部分中“SimplyclickheretofindoutmoreaboutbeingaBAmemberandtakeadvantageofthisoffer.（只需点击这里了解更多关于成为BA会员的信息，并利用此优惠。）”可知，文章含有可以点击的链接，因此应该出自网页。故选C项。过关检测Passage1

（2023·四川·校联考模拟预测）BigApple’sBestOptionsNewYorkembracesitsdiversitywithinitscampusesandmunities.Asaninternationalstudententerstheworldofhighereducation,NewYorkoffersanumberofschools,colleges,anduniversitiesthatarepreparedtomeetyouruniqueneeds.StJoseph’sUniversity,NewYorkStudentschooseStJoseph’sUniversity,NewYorkinBrooklynforitssmall,handsonclasses,meaningfulfacultyinteraction,vibrant(生机勃勃的)studentlifeandpassionate(有人文关怀的)servicetoothers.StJoseph’soffersmorethan50undergraduatemajors,preprofessionalandcertificateprogramswithgraduatedegreesinmanagement,business,healthcaremanagement,humanservices,n