2024届上海嘉定区高三一模英语试题及答案

高中PAGE1高中上海嘉定区2023-2024学年高三年级第一次质量调研英语试卷(满分140分考试时间120分钟)I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA(10分)Directions:InSectionA,youwillhearfenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Inaleadershiptrainingcenter. B.Inastudentconsultingoffice.C.Atanindoorbasketballcourt. D.Atasciencedevelopmentlab.2.A.Dieticianandclient. B.Waitressanddiner.C.Bossandsecretary. D.Librarianandreader.3.A.3,600dollars. B.6,000dollars. C.1,200dollars. D.4,800dollars.4.A.Theparkwasclosedduetoasevereaccident.B.Theboygotinjuredintherollercoasterride.C.Achildwasnotfeelingwellaftertheride.D.Manystudentsthoughttheparkwasnasty.5.A.Buyelectronicdevices. B.Dosomehousework.C.Repairthecar. D.Gowindowshopping.6.A.Schedulesofanegotiation. B.Orderswiththesuppliers.C.Layoutofthepresentation. D.Preparationsforameeting.7.A.Shedoesn'tknowtherequirementsoftheessay.B.Shefeelsstuckwhileproceedingwithheressay.C.Shehasdifficultyindraftingwhenwalking.D.Sheisunabletogivethemansomeideas.8.A.Setfewergoalsnextyeartoavoidstruggling.B.Comeupwithaplantomotivatethemselves.C.Monitorhabit-formingbehavioursforeachother.D.Joinanorganizationtocheckinontheirprogress.9.A.Dressingprofessionallyimproveshisthinking.B.Wearingatiehelpshimfitinthecompany.C.Lookinghandsomeiswhathepursues.D.Buyingtheshirtcostshimafortune.10.A.Themandesiresaroomwithaviewofmountains.B.Thehoteloffersthemanatemptingalternative.C.Fewcustomerscanreceiveanupgradedservice.D.Thewomandemandsthemangiveanapology.SectionB(15分)Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Increaseofgravity. B.Physicaltraining.C.Waterresistance. D.Senseofisolation.12.A.8. B.17. C.Over200 D.About100.13.A.Thetrainingforastronautsisverydemanding.B.Ithasbeen10yearssinceChinasentamantospace.C.Astronautswillchangesuitseverysixhoursinspace.D.Threemonthsistheminimumtrainingtimeforastronauts.QuestionsI4through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.About10,000birdswerekilled.B.Theblueskywasthekeycauseofthehitting.C.Birdsweredrawnbythelightsfromthebuilding.D.MeCormickPlacewasclosedbecauseofthehitting.15.A.Drawcurtainsduringtheday. B.Usematerialsthatdon'tattractbirds.C.Changecolorsofthebuilding. D.Applyenvironment-friendlystickers.16.A.Unusual B.Inevitable. C.Beneficial. D.Tragic.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Preparationstomakeforthetutoring.B.Promisestotheirphysicsteachers.C.Solutionstotheirrespectiveproblems.D.Apologiestogiveforthedollhouse.18.A.Shehasmissedhalf-an-hourtraining.B.Shehasn'tenteredfortheafter-schooltutoring.C.ShehastohandintheassignmentonWednesday.D.Sheisunabletodealwiththephysicshomework.19.A.Itinvolvescomplexarchitecturalplanning.B.Itrequiresbuyingexpensivewoodsupplies.C.Itneedssomefeatureslikeaddingwindows.D.Itmustbeexactlylikehissister'solddollhouse.20.A.Beghissisterforforgiveness. B.CheckwhetherMr.Brownhastime.C.Hireaprofessionalcarpenter. D.Piecetogetherthebrokendollhouse.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankSeeingMathonthePageMathandliteratureareprobablytwoofthesubjectsthatbringstudentsheadaches.However,scientistswonder(21)_____thebeautyofmathcanbefoundinliteraryworks.OnceUponaPrime:TheWondrousConnectionsbetweenMathematicsandLiterature,abookpublishedrecentlybyUKmathematicianSarahHart,(22)______(present)someinterestingthoughtsabout"three".Shearguesthatthebeautyofthisnumberisindeedevidentinmanyworksofwesternliteratureandlanguagesingeneral.‘Three’istheminimumnumber(23)_____atwo-dimensionalshapecanbedefined.Forexample,threestickscancreateatriangle,astablestructure.Manycommonphrasesareinthreewords,suchas"ready,set,go".Beingthefirstthingskidsmaylearn,somenurseryrhymeshaveaword(24)________(repeat)threetimes,suchas"row,row,rowyourboat".Instories,thereareusuallythreemaincharacters,suchasHarry,RonandHermioneintheHarryPotterseries.Foraseriesofnovels,thereareusuallythreebooks(25)________________four,accordingtoHart.Whyisitalwaysthethirdsonwhobehavesdifferentlyfromhistwoolderbrothers,thus(26)_______(win)theprincess?"Thereasonforthis,"Hartexplains,"isobvious.Werequiretworepetitionstogettoknowthepattern,(27)__________thebreakingofthepatterninthethirdcharactercansurpriseoramuseus."Similarly,anotherstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofVermontalsoconnectedmathandstorytelling.Theyanalyzedmorethan1,300fictionbooksandarrangedfor10,000wordsfromthebooks(28)____________(rate)by50participantsonahappinessscaleof1to9.Thentheratings(29)_(categorize)intodifferentgraphs,whichshowedhowthereaders'emotionschangedwhilereading.Itturnedoutthateachstoryfitperfectlyintooneofsixbasicgraphs,amathematicalpattern.“Theideathatonewould(30)_____choosebetweenmathematicsandliteratureissomethingofatragedy,"Hartsays,"Thetwofieldsarefundamentallylinked".SectionB(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.A.ballooning.B.frost-intolerant.C.directly.D.contributors.E.eruptedF.conditions.G.shadedH.sensor-equippedI.engineeringJ.situatedK.properlyFarmoftheFutureintheSkyFivestoreysoffthegroundatColoradoStateUniversity,ahighlyunlikelygardengrowsunderalongrowofrooftopsolarpanels.It'slateNovemberat9am,whenthetemperatureis-2℃andthewindiscutting.Notlongbeforemyarrival,researchershadpulledthelast__31__cropsoutofthesoilunderthepanels.Intheirplace,cool-seasonfoodslikeleafygreensstillgrow,__32_fromtheintensesunlightupthere.Thisisnoordinarygreenroof,butanexpansiveand___33____outdoorlaboratory.TheideabehinditisexplainedbyJenniferBousselot,thedirectoroftherooftopfarm.Solarpanelstendtogettoohotonconventionalrooftops,andthatheatreducestheirefficiencywhileplantshelpcoolthemoff."Ifyouhaveplantsunderthere,"Bousselotsaid,"theycreateideal___34____forsolarpanelstooperate.Also,theshadeofthepanelsencouragesthegrowthofplants.Awin-winsolution."Therefore,theoverallgoaloftherooftopfarmistogrowmorefoodfor___35___urbanpopulationswhilegeneratingcleanenergyandmakingbuildingsmoreenergyefficient.Withoutthesunbeatingdown__36_onabareroof,greenroofsboostabuilding'senergyefficiencybyabout10percent.Thatis,youdon'tneedtorunasmuchair-conditioningto__37___cooltheplaceduringaheatwave.Thisinnovativeapproachcanalsomaximizelanduse,makingurbanspacesnotjustconsumersofresources,butalsoactive___38___tobothenergyandagriculturalproduction.However,being__39___onarooftopcomeswithmorechallengesthanatypicalfarmingsite.Thewindloadsonaroofmakeitchallengingtoinstallatrackingsystemandirrigation(灌溉)isalsotrickier.Theexpensesaresubstantiallyincreasedduetohigher__40___costsandthedifficultiesofmovingandinstallingallthesensorsandmaterialshighintheair.Itisobviouslyearlydaysforrooftopfarms,butsomeeffectswerealreadyevident.Insteadofbeingbig,deadspaces,roofsmayactasboomingecosystems.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.“So…tellmeaboutyourself.”Thetoughestjobinterviewquestionmayseemlikeasoftballfromtheinterviewer'sperspective:Itseems___41____becauseitfeelslikeafreepass:norequestforreal-lifeexamples,notechnicalchallenge,noteventhefeared"What'syourbiggestfault?"Just…tellmeanything.Receivingsuchanopeninvitationinvitesmore___42____thanopportunities,becauseyou'regivennoframeworkforyourresponse—justablank,clue-freepaper.Ioftenseethis__43situationinmypoint-makingworkshops:communicatingwithoutapoint.Whatyourprospectiveemployermostneedsfromyouisapoint("Tamanimportantasset(资产)tothecompany"),nota___44___("Allaboutme").Buthowdoyougetfromtheinterviewer'sbroadquestiontoaspecificand___45___point?Startwithrealizingthatyourintervieweralreadyknowsyourjobhistorythankstoyourresume(简历).Soyoushouldbemorethanyour___46__.Rememberthatinterviewsaremoreaboutmakingstrong___47__thanprovingqualifications.Thisisatwo-stepprocessthatwillrequiresomehomework.First,identifywhattheorganizationspecificallyneedsfromthisrole.Second,__48_yourresponsetopositionyourselfasthebestpersontofillthatneed.Identifyingtheorganization'sneedmeansexaminingthejobdescriptionlikeatreasuremap.Phraseslike“required,”"musthave,"and"highlydesired"meanwhattheysay,so___49__thoseinyourplanning.Itemsfurtherdownthelistorlabeled"preferred"maybelessimportant,evenifyoumeetthosestandards.The__50___ofajobdescriptioncanbetellingaswell.Descriptionsthatsoundpersonal,orcomerightoutandsay"senseofhumorpreferred"indicateaworkplacewherepeopleliketohavefun.__51_,averyformaljobpostingmightindicateaconservativeworkplacewherepeopleareexpectedtobeseriousaboutthework.Pullingfromthesesoures,writedownthethreepersonalqualitiesthey'remostlookingforlike“self-starter,""teamplayer,"or"interestinhealthcare".Nowchangethe___52___slightlyto"I'maself-starter"or“Atwork,myapproachis.…."Thenpickastoryfromyourprofessionallifethat53__youfillingthatparticularneedofthejob.Feelfreetoadddetails,butdon't__54___theprimaryelements.Assumetheycansmellaliefromamileaway,whethertheycanorcan't.Inthisway,youshoulddomorethanjustwideneyesintheroom.Why?Becauseyou'vematchedwhoyouareandyourpersonalstorywiththecompany'sbrandandprimaryneed.Youdidn'tjusttellthemaboutyou;youpointedoutwhyyou___55___tothem.41.A.hard B.Easy C.huge D.small42.A.missions B.joys. C.comments D.risks43.A,unlikely B.favourable. C.problematic D.competent44.A.bookreport B.phonecall. C.desklamp D.lunchbreak45.A.declared B.tailored. C.rejected D.assessed46.A.profile B.criterion C.dimension D.nickname47.A.transitions B.judgments C.matches D.distributions48.A.stabilize B.customize C.memorize D.authorize49.A.diversify B.approve C.delete D,highlight50.A.tone B.format C.picture D.length51.A.Forinstance B.Bycontrast C.Afterall D.Inaddition52.A.blogging B.networking C.messaging D.wording53.A.illustrates B.suspends C.dismisses D.circulates54.A.makeup B.putoff C.breakdown D.getthrough55.A.submitted B.extended C.mattered D.shiftedSectionB(22分)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Tous,thekitchenwasamysteriousplace.Ourkitchenathomewassosimple:anoldSparksoven,arefrigerator,asink,andatable.AttheNewEastern,itwasabusyfactory.Almostanentirewallwastakenupbyalineofhugeblackwoks(锅).Thiswasmyfather'sstage.Hestrode(大步走)thelengthofthefourwoks,eachonefiredupbygasflamesunderneath.Beneathhim,blocksofwood,raisedoffthegroundaninchortwo,servedtogivehislegsandfeetsomespring.Thesinkwasthesizeofabathtub(浴);therefrigeratorhadglassdoorsandstretchedthreetimesaswideastheoneathome.Everyappliancewasbigger,andtherewerethingsweneversawanywhereelse,likethebigmetaloveninwhichmyfatherhunglongpolesholdinglargepiecesofpork.Wecouldhearthefireroaringfromthebottomofit.Mydadwouldgoabouthisbusiness,andthen,alwaysatexactlytherighttime,he'dwanderover,liftoffthetop,andtakeoutseveralpolesofbarbecuedpork—brightred,withblackatthetips.IfIhappenedbyatthatmagicalmoment,I'dstop.“Yeet-gow!”I'dsay.Andhe'dskillfullychopoffapieceofthejuicy,sweetmeat.“Onedollar!"he'dshout,andthenhanditover.Myfathermadethebestfoodintown.Therewasnothinghewouldn'ttry.HewasonceproudofarockcandyheinventedanddeterminedtosellatthefrontcounteroftheNewEastern.We,ofcourse,servedashisguineapigs—wecouldn'tbringourselvestotellhimthesadtruth:Thecandywassohardthatitwasuneatable.Irolledapiecearoundmymouth.“Tastesgood,Ba-Ba,”Isaid.Then,whenhelookedaway,Ispatitout.Sometimes,helikedtoinventstoriestous.WatchingmylittlesisterShirleybitingonanapple,he'dleanover.“Don'teattheseed,"hesaid,"oranappletreewillgrowinsideyou."“What?”“Yes.Rightinsideyourstomach,anappletree!”56.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraph1and2that____________.A.theauthor'sfathercanrepairspringsB.theauthorenjoysobservinginthekitchenC.theauthorhelpstocookdifficultdishesD.theauthor'sfamilylivesinabusyfactory57.Howdoestheauthordeveloptheideathat"thekitchenisamysteriousplace"?A.Bydescribinghowhisfathermanagesvarioustasksinthekitchen.B.Byclassifyingthekitchenappliancesintodifferentcategories.C.Bycontrastingtherestaurantkitchenwiththekitchenathome.D.Byexplainingwhylargepiecesofporkwereplacedintheoven.58.Theauthormentionstheincidentofarockcandyinparagraph3_____________.A.tohighlighthowhedislikedthefoodhisfathermadeB.toillustratewhytheyoftenkeptsecretsfromhisfatherC.toemphasizethetroubledrelationshipwithhisfatherD.toshowthefamily'ssupportforhisfather'sexperiments59.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor'sfather?A.dynamicandplayful B.strictandinnovativeC.talentedandgreedy D.hardworkingandoutdated60.Itcanbelearnedfrom“THEATTACK”that_______.A.SandraasksMarcusforhispassword.B.Marcusstealsthekeycorporatedata.C.TheattackergainsMarcus'strustfirst.D.Sandraisaseniordirectorofthebank.61.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsthe"?"instep④of“THEDEFENSE"?A.LESSONB.HEALTHC.PROGRAMD.FINANCE62.Whichofthefollowingiscoveredinthecase?A.WhatlossthecompanyhassufferedB.HowMarcusregrettedreceivingthecallC.WhatNataliehasfoundaboutthedomainD.HoweffectivelyRayrespondedtotheattack(C)NewresearchconfirmsthathumanfootprintsfoundinNewMexicoareprobablytheoldestdirectevidenceofhumanpresenceintheAmericas,afindingthatupendswhatmanyscientistsknewabouthumanhabitationandmigration(迁徙).ThefootprintswerediscoveredattheedgeofanancientlakebedinWhiteSandsnationalpark.AccordingtothenewpaperpublishedinthejournalScience,theydatebacktobetween21,000and23,000yearsago.Actually,theestimatedageofthefootprintswasfirstreportedinSciencein2021,butsomeresearchersraisedconcernsaboutthedates.Questionsfocusedonwhetherseedsofwaterplantsusedfortheoriginaldatingmayhaveabsorbedancientcarbonfromthelake—whichcould,intheory,throwoffradiocarbondatingbythousandsofyears.Butthenewstudypresentstwoadditionallinesofevidencefortheolderdaterange.Itusestwoentirelydifferentmaterialsfoundatthesite,ancientpollen(花粉)andstonegrains.ThereportedageofthefootprintschallengestheonceconventionalwisdomthathumansdidnotreachtheAmericasuntilafewthousandyearsbeforerisingsealevelscoveredtheBeringlandbridgebetweenRussiaandAlaska,perhapsabout15,000yearsago.“Thisisasubjectthat'salwaysbeencontroversialbecauseit'ssosignificant.It'sabouthowweunderstandthelastchapterofthepeoplingoftheworld,”saidThomasUrban,anarchaeologist(考古学家)atComellUniversity,whowasinvolvedinthe2021studybutnotthenewone.ThomasStafford,anindependentarchaeologicalgeologistinNewMexico,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saidhe“wasabitsuspiciousbefore”butnowisconvinced.Thenewstudyisolatedabout75,000gramsofpurepollenfromthesamestonelayerthatcontainedthefootprints."Datingpollenislaboriousbutworthwhile,"saidKathleenSpringer,aresearchgeologistattheUSGeologicalSurveyandaco-authorofthenewpaper.Ancientfootprintsofanykindcanprovidearchaeologistswithaquicklookofamomentintime.WhilesomearcheologicalsitesintheAmericaspointtosimilardateranges—includingnecklacescarvedfromgiantanimalremainsinBrazil—scientistsstillquestionwhethersuchobjectsreallyindicatehumanpresence.“WhiteSandsisuniquebecausethere'snoquestionthesefootprintswereleftbypeople,"saidJenniferRaff,ascientistattheUniversityofKansas,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.63.Theunderlinedword"upends”(paragraph1)isclosestinmeaningto“_______".A.comprisesB.connectsC.challengesD.compares64.Accordingtothepassage,whatisspecialaboutthenewresearch?A.ItshowsthefootprintsweremadebytheRussians.B.Itoffersmoreconvincinglinesofevidencefordating.C.Itconfirmsthattheancienthumansenjoyedlivingbythelake.D.Itrevealsthefootprintsaremuchyoungerthanpreviouslythought.65.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat_____________.A.necklacesarevaluableobjectsforarchaeologiststodateanimalsB.humanfootprintsareoftensuresignsofhumanpresenceC.ancientobjectsinBrazilareexcludedfromthestudyD.WhiteSandsisoneimportantarchaeologicalsite66.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ScientistsDiscoversNewSpeciesofHumansinAmericasB.HumansReachedAmericas15,000YearsEarlierThanBelievedC.AmericanArchaeologistsUnearthedValuableManmadeObjectsD.NewResearchConfirmsEarlyHumanPresenceinAmericasSectionC(8分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.NotethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneedA.Thekeyistolookforplaceswhereimprovementsweredonepoorly.B.Anexperiencedagentisprobablygoingtohaveabettereyethanthebuyer.C.Isbuyingoneofthesequick-turnaroundpropertiesagoodidea?D.Setasidemoneyforanyproblemsthatmaycropuporaskthesellertocoverthem.E.Howdoyouknowifthepreviousownerhasmovedoutofthehouse?F.Flipperssometimesskipgettingpermitsfortheworktheydo.WhattoKnowIfBuyingaFlippedHouseHouseflippingishardlynew.Forsomeonewhoisworkingintherealestatemarket,aflippedorrecentlyrenovated(翻新的)homecanbeveryappealing.Buthowaboutyou,thehome-hunter?_____67____Youcertainlydon'tneedtoavoidflippedproperties.Aflippedpropertydoeshavesomestrongsellingpoints.Alotofitsfeaturesandfixtureshavebeenreplacedorimproved.Certainly,you'llsaveonthetimeandtroubleofdoingtherenovationyourself.Buttherearesomethingstowatchoutforifyou'reconsideringbuyingone.____68____Forexample,Alicerecentlytouredaflippedhousewhosekitchendrawerwasblockedbytherefrigeratorandthedishwasherwasn'tinstalledcorrectly-thingsthatwouldpreventpeoplefrombeingabletofunctioninthere.Addressingissueslikethesecanbecomecostly,especiallyifyouhaven'tfactoredthemintoyourbudget.Don'tneglectyourrighttoaprofessionalinspection.____69_____Sogettinganexperttogotakeathoroughlookatthepropertyiscrucial,tomakesureeverythingisuptocode.It'sgoingtobereallyimportanttodoyoursewer(下水道)andseparateroofinspections.Flippedhousesmayseemup-to-dateonthesurface,butshinynewfinishescansometimesmasksubstandardwork.Finally,flippedpropertiesarerarelyadvertisedassuch.Therefore,itiscrucialtoworkwithaknowledgeablerealestateagent.____70____Whenhetoursahousethathesuspectsisbeingflipped,he'llcheckwhoownedthehomepreviously,andwillreachouttootheragentsinhisnetworktoseeifanyonehasexperiencebuyingfromthem.IV.Summarywriting(10分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.DealingwithOneMissedWorkoutIt'sacommondilemma(图局)foranyoneonatrainingplan:Youmissoneworkoutandbecomeawashedwithguilt.Tomakeupforit,youaddthoseextramilestoyournextworkout.Butaccordingtotheprofessionals,thisisn'ttherightwaytogoaboutit."Asingleworkoutisnotgoingtomakeorbreakatrainingplan.Thekeytotrainingisconsistencyovertime,"saysJohnRaglin,PhD,professorintheDepartmentofKinesiologyatIndianaUniversityBloomington.Whenyoumissaworkout,thetemptationistothink,"Oh,I'vegottodomoretomorrow".Butwhenyoutrytocatchuponyourworkouts,yourunacoupleofrisks:"Certainlyaninjury,butalsobecomingover-tired,whichcouldruinyourtrainingafterthat,"saysRaglin.Thisisaphenomenoncalled'non-functionaloverreaching',"hesays.Eventually,thiscouldleadtoovertrainingsyndrome(综合症),whichischaracterizedbyadecreaseinperformancelaterduetoalong-termincreaseintrainingloadwithoutadequaterecovery.Sohowdoyoumoveforwardifyouskippedarunorfive?Wellfirst,peopledownloadgeneralizedtrainingplanswithoutunderstandingthattheyaremeanttobeadaptedtolife.Thereisawholehostoflifestressors—job,kids,friendships,travel—andexerciseisjustanothertypeofstress.Actually,whenthingsgetchaoticinyourlife,itmaybenecessarytojustletgo.Next,ifyoumissedaworkout,youhavetoaskyourselfwhy:"Wasitjustbecauseyourschedulegotoutofhandorbecauseyouwerefeelingoverlyexha