河南省2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中学业质量监测考试英语试题（含答案解析）

河南省2023~2024学年高一年级学业质量监测考试英语全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatmakesthemanlookbad?A.Acold. B.Anexam. C.Areport.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:What’sthematter?Youdon’tlookwell.Acoldoryourreport?M:Neither.Myexam.W:Don’tworryaboutit.Trytolookonthebrightsideofthings.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atabookstore. B.Intheclassroom. C.Inalibrary.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,I’dliketocheckthesebooksout.W:Sorry,youhavetoreadthemhere.Thereadingareaisoverthere.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:AreyouOK,Katherine?Youlookpale.W:I’mfine,Chuck.Ijuststayeduplatelastnight,workingonmyChinese.M:Oh,pooryou,IfoundlearningChinesethroughsongsworksverywell.Wecanlearntogetherafterclass.W:Goodidea.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisJoannaprobablydoingnow?A.Workingovertime. B.MeetingwithDavid. C.PickingupDr.Brown.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,areyouDr.Brown?W:Yes,Iam.Andyou…M:I’mDavid,Joanna’sworkmate.Shehastobeatworklatetoday.Sosheaskedmetopickyouuphere.W:It’sveryniceofyou.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkoftakingthewrongbus?A.Awkward. B.Common. C.Impossible.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’msorryI’mlate.M:Oh,that’sallright.Ijustwonderedwhatwaskeepingyou.W:ThebusItook.Itookthewrongbus.M:Oh,didyou?Thesethingshappenoften.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthewomandointhecompany?A.Shesellsproducts. B.Shetrainsnewworkers. C.Sheimprovesdesigns.7.Whoisamanager?A.Kevin. B.Steve. C.George.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】原文】W:Hello!Letmeintroducemyself.MynameisNancy.M:Nicetomeetyou!I’mSteve.Idon’tthinkI’veseenyouaroundbefore.W:No,IamanewcomerandIhavejustreceivedjobtraininggivenbyGeorgeandKevin.NowIaminsales.M:Oh,howdoyoufeelworkinghere?W:Good.Theworkmatesareniceandfriendly.Bytheway,whatdoyoudohere?M:Oh,Imanagetheproductdevelopmentteam.Therearetenworkersinmyteam.W:Doyoualsodosomedesignwork?M:Ofcourse.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisthewomanaskingthemantodo?A.Haveacoffee. B.Hangout. C.Helpwithareport.9.Whatcanweknowabouttheman?A.Heiswarm-hearted. B.Heispopular. C.Heispromising.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Couldyoulendmeahand?M:Sure.What’sthat?W:Ihatetoaskyoutodosomethinglikethat,butIdoneedyoutohelpprepareformyreportonFriday.Itwon’ttakeupmuchofyourtime.Ipromiseyouthat.M:Okay.Icouldeasilygiveyousometimetomorrownight,W:Great.Wouldyouliketomeetmeatthecoffeehousenextdoor?M:Yes,andcouldyouwritedownanythingyoumightbehavingtroublewith?W:Sure,I’llcomeprepared.M:Goodbyeuntilthen.Ipromiseyouthatyou’lldowellafterwemeet.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhatdoesRosewant?A.Abetterposition. B.Ahigherpay. C.Abiggerchance.11.Whataffectedthesalesperformance?A.Therecentmarketsituation.B.Othercompanies’development.C.TheABCcompany’scompetition.12.WhatdoesthemanpromisetoRose?A.Abigorder. B.Anewprinter. C.Anextra5-dayvacation.13.Whenwilltherepairmancometohaveacheck?A.OnMonday. B.OnTuesday. C.OnFriday.【答案】10.B11.A12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,Mr.Bench.CanItalktoyouforamoment?M:Sure,Rose!W:Sir,youknow,I’vebeenworkinginourcompanyforovertenyears.M:Yes.Andyouareahardworker.W:Well,Icomestraighttothepoint,sir.Iwouldlikearaise.TheABCcompanycalledmelastMondaybutIdecidedtotalktoyoufirst.M:Araise?I’dliketogiveyouaraise,butnowit’snottherighttime.W:Iunderstandyourposition.Therecentmarketdownturndidhaveabadinfluenceonoursalesperformance.ButIhopeyoucantakemytenyearsofhardworkintoconsideration.M:You’vegotthepoint,soI’mwillingtoofferyouatenpercentraiseandanextrafivedaysofvacationtime.Howdoesthatsound?W:Thankyou,boss.Bytheway,theprinterisoutoforder.Ithinkweneedtobuyanewone.M:I’vetoldTonytorepairitlastFriday.HewillgotoyourofficetocheckitthisTuesday.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatisthewoman?A.Sheisatrainer. B.Sheisaleader. C.Sheisahostess.15.Howcanpeoplewinothers’trust?A.Bykeepingapromise. B.Bylookingfortruth. C.Bymakingfewermistakes.16.Whichisthemainreasonwhyrelationshipsbreakdown?A.Expectingtoomuch. B.Takingsmallsteps. C.Communicatingpoorly.17.WhatdoesPaulSmithsuggestpeopledoatlast?A.Builddeepfriendships.B.Takerelationshipsseriously.C.Putahighvalueonfeelings.【答案】14.C15.A16.C17.B【解析】【原文】W:Today,we’reluckytoinvitePaulSmithtoourprogramtotellussomethingabouttrust.Mr.Smith,wouldyoupleasetellushowwedeveloptrust?M:Certainly.First,betruetoyourword.Keepinmindthatbuildingtrustrequireskeepingthepromisesyoumake.Second,remindyourselfthatittakestimetobuildandwintrust.Don’tmakethemistakeofexpectingtoomuchtoosoon.Inordertobuildtrust,firsttakesmallsteps.Third,learnhowtocommunicatewithothers.Poorcommunicationisamainreasonwhyrelationshipsbreakdown.Goodcommunicationincludesbeingclearaboutwhatyouhaveoryoudon’thaveandwhathasbeenagreedupon.W:Canbrokentrustberebuilt?M:Asweallknow,trustisofgreatimportancefordevelopingfriendships.Whentrustisbroken,friendshipwilldisappearaswell.Alwaysrememberthatyoushouldvaluetherelationshipsthatyouhaveandtakethemseriously.W:Thankyouforyoursharing.M:Mypleasure.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhatmakesJessicaDamianokillhouseplants?A.Carelessness. B.Forgetfulness. C.Laziness.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthemoneyplant?A.Itneedsenoughsunlight.B.Itisunsuitableforbeginners.C.Itlikesbeingfarfromawindow.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Charactersofhouseplants.B.Waystosavewaterathome.C.Adviceongrowinghouseplants.【答案】18.B19.C20.C【解析】【原文】W:JessicaDamianoisanexpertattakingcareofplants.Butshekilledhouseplantsaswell.Shesaidit’snotbecauseshedoesn’tknowhowtotakecareofthem,butbecausesheforgotthem.Asaresult,Damianolooksforplantsthatneedlittlewater,andthatcanbemovedaround.Also,thesekindsofhouseplantsarebestforbeginnerstogrow.Damiano’sspiderplantneedsonlytwothings:suitablesunlightandwetground.Shesaidshekeepsitbyawindow.Anotherplant,calledmoneyplant,isperfectlyhappywhenyoukeepitawayfromawindow.ItgetsthelightitneedsfromakindoflightbulbcalledanLED.Shegivestheplantsomewatereachtimethegroundcompletelydriesout.Chineseevergreenisabeautifulhouseplantthatdoeswellinlow-lightconditions.Damianosaidallyouneedtodoiskeeptheplant’sgroundlightlywetatalltimesoftheyear.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhenvisitingAthens,museumsandancientsitesusuallycomefirst.However,thereareseveralveryinterestingplacestovisitwithoutspendingmoney,suchasparksandvariousattractions.LycabettusHillLycabettusHillisoneofthemostimportantattractionsinAthens.Theview(风景)fromLycabettusHilliswonderfulreachingdowntotheseaandtheclosestislands,whichiscertainlynottobemissed.TheparkinglotisclosetotheLycabettusTheater,whereperformancesareheldeverysummer.MuseumofPopularInstrumentsThemuseumhostsacollectionofabout1,200Greekpopularmusicalinstrumentswhichdatefromthe18thcentury.Thecollectionsareshowninfoursections(部分)accordingtothematerialoftheinstruments,andvisitorscanalsolistentothesoundmadebyeachtype.Visitorscanbuybooks,CDsandmusicalinstrumentsatthemuseumshop.NationalGardenofAthensTheNationalGardenofAthens,oneofthemostbeautifulpartsofthisbigcity,wasdesignedin1836bytheGermanbuildingdesignerFriedrichvonGaertner.Visitorstothegardencanseeaninterestingvarietyofplantsandtrees,someancientremainsandstatuesoffamouswritersandscientists.Childrencanplayinthespeciallydesignedplaygroundorvisitthechildren’slibrary,andadultscanenjoyacoffeeoralightlunchatthecoffeeshop.MuseumoftheHistoryofGreekCostume(服装)Inthissmall,attractivemuseum,visitorscanseevarioussidesofGreekCostumefromthepast.Visitorscanalsoseethecostumeswhichwerewornincelebrateddanceperformancesinmanycountries.Educationaleventsareheldforchildrenofallages,bringingthemclosertothisimportanttraditionofGreece.21.Wherewillpopularmusicloversprefertogo?A.LycabettusHill. B.MuseumofPopularInstruments.C.NationalGardenofAthens. D.MuseumoftheHistoryofGreekCostume.22.WhatcanvisitorsdointheNationalGardenofAthens?A.Admireinterestingcollections. B.LearnaboutGreekhistoricalfacts.C.Talkwithabuildingdesigner. D.Getclosetosomewriters’statues.23.Whatdothefoursightshaveincommon?A.They’relikedbyallkids. B.Theyhaveafestiveair.C.They’refreeforvisitors. D.Theyholdperformances.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可以免费参观的地点。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Themuseumhostsacollectionofabout1,200Greekpopularmusicalinstrumentswhichdatefromthe18thcentury.Thecollectionsareshowninfoursections(部分)accordingtothematerialoftheinstruments,andvisitorscanalsolistentothesoundmadebyeachtype.Visitorscanbuybooks,CDsandmusicalinstrumentsatthemuseumshop.(该博物馆收藏了大约1200件18世纪以来的希腊流行乐器。这些藏品根据乐器的材质分为四个部分，游客还可以听到每种乐器发出的声音。游客可以在博物馆商店购买书籍、CD和乐器)”可知，流行音乐爱好者更喜欢去MuseumofPopularInstruments。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Visitorstothegardencanseeaninterestingvarietyofplantsandtrees,someancientremainsandstatuesoffamouswritersandscientists.(参观花园的游客可以看到各种有趣的植物和树木，一些古老的遗迹和著名作家和科学家的雕像)”可知，游客在雅典国家花园可以参观一些作家的雕像。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“However,thereareseveralveryinterestingplacestovisitwithoutspendingmoney,suchasparksandvariousattractions.(然而，有几个非常有趣的地方不花钱就可以参观，比如公园和各种景点)”可知，这四个地方的共同之处是对游客免费。故选C。BAssomeofthestudentmoviemakersstartedunloading(卸载)atonofthingsneededforfilming,Isatinmyseatreadingabook.Emptiedofitsmovie-relatedcontents,thetrucknowbecametheplacetoleavepersonalthings.MyjobwastostaynearbywiththekeyssothatifanythingwasneededIcouldopenthetruck.KnowingthatIcouldstayatacornersomewhereandfinishthebookthatafriendaskedmetoreview,Ifoundaparkbench(长椅)tositon.Inoticedthatamanwassittingononeend,buttherewasplentyofroomforatleasttwomorebodies.Walkingover,IsatontheendseatsothatIcouldrestoneofmyarmsonthearmrest.Themanontheotherendlookedatmestrangelybutremainedseated.Iquicklydiscoveredthathe’dprobablyspentthenightonthebench.Ilookedathimandsmiled,andhesmiledbackwithamouthofblacked-outteeth.Thatwasit.Hewasn’tbothering(打扰)me,andIsurmisedIwasn’tbotheringhim.Webothsatthereforoveranhour.Iwasreading.Hewasattentively(专心地)watchingthefilming.Hethenstood,walkedinfrontofmeandbowed.Ilookedup,notknowingwhatwasgoingtohappennext.Inashakybutclearvoice,hesaid,“Thankyou.”“Forwhat?”Iquestioned.Helookedattheground,saying,“Usuallypeoplewon’tevenlookatme,letalonesitbyme.Thankyoufortreatingmekindly.”Ihonestlydidn’tknowwhattosayasheturned,pickedupasmall,dirtybackpack,andwalkedquicklyaroundthecorner.Iwasshocked.Ihadn’tdoneanythingspecial;Isharedabench.That’sallitwastome.Wewerenotdifferent.Bothofusjustwantedtobewelltreated.24.Whatdidtheauthorprobablydoaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Ateacher. B.Amoviemaker. C.Anactor. D.Adriver.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surmised”inparagraph3mean?A.Planned. B.Guessed. C.Understood. D.Announced.26.Whydidthemanbowtotheauthor?A.Hewasn’tlookeddownon. B.Hewasn’tfooledbyothers.C.Hewaschosentoplayarole. D.Hewasallowedtoreadbooks.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheGiftofLife B.AClearConnectionC.ASpecialThankYou D.TheMeaningofLove【答案】24.A25.B26.A27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲的是作者在等待学生们拍摄的过程中想找一个地方看书，最终他选择了公园的长椅，长椅的另一端坐着一名衣着邋遢的流浪汉，但是作者并没有离开，而是对着流浪汉微笑，作者与众不同的友好对待方式让流浪汉感觉受到了尊重，流浪汉对作者鞠躬表示感谢。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Assomeofthestudentmoviemakersstartedunloading(卸载)atonofthingsneededforfilming,Isatinmyseatreadingabook.(当一些学生电影制作人开始卸载拍摄所需的大量东西时，我坐在座位上看书。)”以及“MyjobwastostaynearbywiththekeyssothatifanythingwasneededIcouldopenthetruck.(我的工作就是拿着钥匙待在附近，这样如果需要什么东西，我就可以打开卡车。)”可以推断作者是一名老师。故选A项。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词之前“Ilookedathimandsmiled,andhesmiledbackwithamouthofblacked-outteeth.Thatwasit.Hewasn’tbothering(打扰)me,(我看着他，笑了笑，他也笑了笑，满嘴的牙都黑了。就是这样。他没有打扰我，)”以及划线词之后“Iwasn’tbotheringhim.(我没有打扰他。)”可知我与男子的交流仅限于彼此的微笑，他没有打扰到我，所以我想自己也没有打扰到他，所以划线词的意思与B项Guessed意思相近。故选B项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Helookedattheground,saying,“Usuallypeoplewon’tevenlookatme,letalonesitbyme.Thankyoufortreatingmekindly.”(他看着地面说：“通常人们连看都不看我一眼，更不用说坐在我旁边了。谢谢你对我这么好。”)”可知作者不仅坐在男子旁边而且还对他非常友好，所以在男子看来作者并没有歧视自己，这让男子心生感激，所以男子给作者鞠躬表示感谢。故选A项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段“Ihonestlydidn’tknowwhattosayasheturned,pickedupasmall,dirtybackpack,andwalkedquicklyaroundthecorner.Iwasshocked.Ihadn’tdoneanythingspecial;Isharedabench.That’sallitwastome.(我真的不知道该说什么，因为他转过身来，拿起一个又小又脏的背包，飞快地转过拐角。我很震惊。我没有做什么特别的事；我分享了一张长凳。对我来说就是这样。)”以及“Wewerenotdifferent.Bothofusjustwantedtobewelltreated.(我们没有什么不同。我们俩都想被好好对待。)”以及文章其他段落的内容可知文章主要讲的是作者偶遇一位满嘴黑牙，背着一个又小又脏的背包的流浪汉，因为作者对该流浪汉与众不同的态度让流浪汉心生感激，因而鞠躬表示感谢，而这让作者非常震惊，因为作者觉得自己与流浪汉没有什么不同，也是希望被别人友好对待的，由此可知文章是在围绕着这一特别的感谢来展开的，所以C项ASpecialThankYou作为文章的标题最为合适。故选C项。CAcreativeprogramusinggardeningconnectedwithmentorship(导师制)ischangingthelivesofstudents.Theprogram,tryingtohelpstudentswithstudyproblemsormisbehaviorinschools,willsoonbemakingitswayintomoreClarkCountyschools.Studentswhotakepartintheprogramareusuallyintroducedbyschooladvisorswhothinkitmaydostudentsgood.Parker,headoftheprogram,saidthattheyletthestudentsknowwhattheyarejoining,andmakesuretheyunderstandwhatthey’regettingintoandthatit’sagoodfit.Theyworktofindstudentsthattheythinkcanhaveapositiveinfluenceintheschooloncetheycompletetheprogram.Thechosenstudentsattendtheclassduringtheirnormalschooldays,ratherthanafterschool.Ratherthanatraditionalclassroom,theroomsaredecorated(装饰)withbeanbagsandsofastocreateaplacedifferentfromthepublicschool,onethatwillattractthestudents.Itstartswithmentorshipweeks,duringwhichtheofficersharesapoemoramusicvideothatisrelatedtothatweek’stopic.Inthefollowingweek,theteachersoftheprogramteachplantscienceusinghydroponics(水培),whichisasoil-lessmethodusedtogrowplants.Besideschangingculture,theprogramalsoisdesignedtoopenstudentsuptonewchancestoleadhappylivesandsucceedintheworldthroughself-discovery,self-developmentandself-improvementastheyfollowtheirchosenpaths.“Wereallywantthesekidstoseethattherearechancesforthemtolearnaboutdifferentjobs,”Perrysaid.“WehavetomakesurethatourkidsinNevadaseethemselvesinthekeyareasforthefuture.Agriculture(农业)isakeyareathatisgrowinginourstate.Thesekidsarenowconsideringjobsinagriculture.”28.Whatinfluencedoestheprogramhaveonsomestudents?A.Changingtheirlives. B.Developingtheirhabits.C.Improvingtheirgrades. D.Increasingtheirinterests.29.Whatarethestudentsexpectedtodoaftertheprogram?A.Liveanindependentlife. B.Makeapositivedifference.C.Havenotroubleinlearning. D.Learnmoreaboutdifferentcultures.30.Whyaretheprogram’sroomsdecoratedwithsofas?A.Todrawstudentsin. B.Tolooklikepublicschools’.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Togetstudentstolovenature.31.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphswanttotellusabouttheprogram?A.Itsrules. B.Itsgoals. C.Itsfuture. D.Itspossibility.【答案】28.A29.B30.A31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个将园艺与导师联系在一起的项目，该项目旨在帮助在学校有学习问题或行为不端的学生，很快将在克拉克县的更多学校推行。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Acreativeprogramusinggardeningconnectedwithmentorship(导师制)ischangingthelivesofstudents.(一个创造性的项目，将园艺与导师联系在一起，正在改变学生们的生活)”可知，这个项目会改变一些学生的生活。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theyworktofindstudentsthattheythinkcanhaveapositiveinfluenceintheschooloncetheycompletetheprogram.(他们努力寻找那些他们认为在完成项目后能够对学校产生积极影响的学生)”可知，项目结束后，期待学生们做出积极的改变。故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Ratherthanatraditionalclassroom,theroomsaredecorated(装饰)withbeanbagsandsofastocreateaplacedifferentfromthepublicschool,onethatwillattractthestudents.(这些教室不是传统的教室，而是用豆袋和沙发装饰，创造了一个不同于公立学校的地方，一个吸引学生的地方)”可知，项目的房间要用沙发装饰是为了吸引学生。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Besideschangingculture,theprogramalsoisdesignedtoopenstudentsuptonewchancestoleadhappylivesandsucceedintheworldthroughself-discovery,self-developmentandself-improvementastheyfollowtheirchosenpaths.(除了改变文化之外，该项目还旨在为学生提供新的机会，让他们在自己选择的道路上，通过自我发现、自我发展和自我完善，过上幸福的生活，在世界上取得成功)”以及最后一段““Wereallywantthesekidstoseethattherearechancesforthemtolearnaboutdifferentjobs,”Perrysaid.“WehavetomakesurethatourkidsinNevadaseethemselvesinthekeyareasforthefuture.Agriculture(农业)isakeyareathatisgrowinginourstate.Thesekidsarenowconsideringjobsinagriculture.”(佩里说：“我们真的想让这些孩子看到，他们有机会了解不同的工作。我们必须确保内华达州的孩子们在未来的关键领域看到自己。农业是我们州正在发展的一个关键领域。这些孩子现在正在考虑从事农业工作。”)”可知，最后两段想告诉我们这个项目的目标。故选B。DAncientbuildersacrosstheworldcreatedstructures(建筑物)thatarestillstandingtoday,thousandsofyearslater.Romanengineersbuiltthickconcretebarriers(混凝土屏障),forexample.Mayanbuilderscreatedstructurestotheirgods,andChinesebuildersraisedwallsagainstenemies.Buttherearemanyrecentstructuresthatarealreadystartingtofail.Theconcretethatmakesupmuchofourmodernworldlastsaround50to100years.Agrowingnumberofscientistsarebreakingapartpiecesofbuildingsandreadinghistoricaltexts,hopingtolearnhowtheyhavestoodforthousandsofyears.Theresearchhasturnedupasurprisinglistofmaterialsthatweremixedintooldbuildings.Theyincludetreeskins,volcanicash,riceandevenbeer.Theseunexpectedmaterialscouldhavetheabilitytogetstrongerovertimeand“repair”crackswhentheyform.IsancientRomanconcretebetter?ManyresearchershaveturnedtotheRomans.Startingaround200BC,theRomanEmpirewasbuildingconcretestructuresthathavestoodthetestoftime.Now,scientiststhinktheyhavefoundanimportantreasonwhysomeRomanconcretehasheldupstructuresforthousandsofyears.AdmirMasic,anenvironmentalengineersaidthispowercomesfromthickpiecesoflimestone(石灰石)throughouttheRomanmaterialthatisnotmixedinwell.ResearchersusedtothinkthesethickpieceswereasignthattheRomanswerenotmixinguptheirmaterialswellenough.Instead,thescientistsfoundwhencracksform,waterenterstheconcrete.Thatwatercausestheleftoverlimetocreatenewchemicalchangesthatcanfillinthebrokensections.Findingouthowtocopythesefeatures(特征)couldhaverealinfluencestoday.Today’sbuilderscannotjustcopytheancientprocesses.EventhoughRomanconcretelastedalongtime,itcouldnotholdupheavybuildings.“Ifweadd50or100yearstoconcrete’slifetime,”AdmirMasicsaid,“wewillpulldownlessandrequirelessmaterialinthelongrun.”32.WhyareMayanandChinesebuildersmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Topresentsomefacts. B.Toexplainarule.C.Tointroduceplaces. D.Tomakeacomparison.33.Whatdoscientistswanttodobybreakingapartpiecesofbuildings?A.Replacebrokenparts. B.Improvetheirstyle.C.Learnabouttheirhistory. D.Studytheirmaterials.34.Whatisspecialabouttheancientmaterials?A.Theycouldn’tmixupeasily. B.Theycreatednewchemicalsintime.C.Theyhadanabilitytorepairthemselves. D.Theywouldtakeinthenearbywater.35.Howcanmodernbuilderslearnfromthefeaturesofancientmaterials?A.Bymakingthepastservethepresent. B.Bytryingtofindtheideasbehindthem.CBymakinguseofthemwithoutanychange. D.Byacceptingthegoodandthrowingthebad.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了越来越多的科学家正在拆解建筑物的碎片，阅读历史文献，希望了解它们是如何屹立数千年的。经过研究发现，这些意想不到的材料可能会变得更强，并在裂缝形成时“修复”裂缝。了解如何复制这些特征可能对今天产生真正的影响。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ancientbuildersacrosstheworldcreatedstructures(建筑物)thatarestillstandingtoday,thousandsofyearslater.Romanengineersbuiltthickconcretebarriers(混凝土屏障),forexample.Mayanbuilderscreatedstructurestotheirgods,andChinesebuildersraisedwallsagainstenemies.(世界各地的古代建筑者建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒。例如，罗马工程师建造了厚厚的混凝土屏障。玛雅的建筑者为他们的神建造了建筑，而中国的建筑者则筑起了抵御敌人的城墙)”可推知，第一段提到玛雅和中国的建造者是为了陈述一些事实。故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Agrowingnumberofscientistsarebreakingapartpiecesofbuildingsandreadinghistoricaltexts,hopingtolearnhowtheyhavestoodforthousandsofyears.Theresearchhasturnedupasurprisinglistofmaterialsthatweremixedintooldbuildings.(越来越多的科学家正在拆解建筑物的碎片，阅读历史文献，希望了解它们是如何屹立数千年的。这项研究发现了一系列令人惊讶的材料，这些材料被混合到旧建筑中)”可知，科学家们想通过分解建筑物的碎片来研究它们的材料。故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theseunexpectedmaterialscouldhavetheabilitytogetstrongerovertimeand“repair”crackswhentheyform.(随着时间的推移，这些意想不到的材料可能会变得更强，并在裂缝形成时“修复”裂缝)”可知，古代材料的特别之处在于有自我修复的能力。故选C。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Today’sbuilderscannotjustcopytheancientprocesses.EventhoughRomanconcretelastedalongtime,itcouldnotholdupheavybuildings.“Ifweadd50or100yearstoconcrete’slifetime,”AdmirMasicsaid,“wewillpulldownlessandrequirelessmaterialinthelongrun.”(今天的建筑者不能只是照搬古代的工艺。尽管罗马混凝土持续了很长时间，但它无法支撑沉重的建筑物。“如果我们能将混凝土的使用寿命延长50年或100年，”阿德米尔·马西克说，“从长远来看，我们将减少拆除，减少对材料的需求。”)”可知，现代建筑者应该学会接受古代材料好的特点，抛弃坏的特点。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoFeelConfidentYoumighthavealreadyreadandlearnedhowtobeconfident,butwhatifyoustilldon’tfeelallthatconfident?Sometimesittakesyourmindalittlebitoftimetocatchupwithyourbehavior,butyoucanhelptomovetheprocessalong.Inanycase,feelingconfidentiscertainlyacontinuousprocess.Why?____36____Herearesomewaystohelpyoufeelconfident.Thinkpositively.Whenitcomesdowntoit,realityisperception(感知).Ifyoufeelconfident,youare.Iflifeisfallingapartaroundyoubutyoudon’tnotice,it’snotreallyfallingapart.____37____You’renotfoolingyourselfonewayoranother—don’tworrythatyou’rebeingsillyforthinkingpositively.Rememberyou’rejusttakingcontrol.Workout.Whenyouworkout,youlookbetter.Whenyoulookbetter,youfeelbetter.Andworkingoutreleasesendorphins(释放内啡肽),makesyoufeelproductiveandgivesyoustrength.Youdon’thavetobeaprofessionalrunnertogetthebenefits(益处)ofexercise.____38____Dosomethingyou’regoodat.____39____Confidencebeginsfromthere.Andyoushouldnotonlytoit,butdoitoften.It’llremindyouhowgreatyouare.____40____Havingsomeonetoinspireyouandyourconfidencecanbeagreathelp.Justmakesurethepersonisreal—planningtobelikeKimKardashianisnotagoodidea.Youwantasource(来源)ofpositivityyoucantapintowhenyouneedit.A.Findrealrolemodels.B.Trytoworkoutinthegymforlonghours.C.Sogetonthinkingthosehappierthoughts!D.Whenachieved,itwillimproveyourlifealot.E.30minutesadayisallyouneedtogetonthehealthtrain.F.Whenyoudothingsyou’regoodatyoufeelproudandasenseofsatisfaction.G.It’sreallyhardtobeconfidentwhenyou’retryingtobesomeoneyou’renot.【答案】36.D37.C38.E39.F40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何变得有自信。【36题详解】根据前文“Inanycase,feelingconfidentiscertainlyacontinuousprocess.Why?(无论如何，自信肯定是一个持续的过程。为什么？)”可知，空处应讲述自信是持续的过程的原因，D项“一旦实现，它将大大改善你的生活。”符合题意，it指代前文的feelingconfident。故选D。【37题详解】本段的主旨句是首句“Thinkpositively.(积极思考。)”。前文“Iflifeisfallingapartaroundyoubutyoudon’tnotice,it’snotreallyfallingapart.(如果你周围的生活正在分崩离析，但你没有注意到，那它并不是真的分崩离析。)”讲述了如果你没有注意自己的生活在分崩离析，那么就不会影响你，后文“You’renotfoolingyourselfonewayoranother—don’tworrythatyou’rebeingsillyforthinkingpositively.(你不是在以这样或那样的方式愚弄自己——不要担心你的积极思考是愚蠢的。)”承接空处的内容，讲述空处的方法并不是在愚弄自己。由此可知，空处应讲述要想一想那些开心的想法，C项“所以，继续思考那些更快乐的想法吧！”符合题意。故选C。【38题详解】前文“Youdon’thavetobeaprofessionalrunnertogetthebenefits(益处)ofexercise.(你不必成为一名专业的跑步者就可以从锻炼中获益。)”讲述了你不必非要成为专业的跑步者，空处应讲述建议如何锻炼，E项“每天30分钟是你乘坐健康列车所需要的全部时间。”符合题意。故选E。【39题详解】根据空前主旨句“Dosomethingyou’regoodat.(做一些你擅长的事情。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要做自己擅长的事情，F项“当你做你擅长的事时，你会感到自豪和满足。”讲述了做擅长的事情的好处，符合题意。故选F。【40题详解】空处是本段主旨句，且应用祈使句。根据后文“Havingsomeonetoinspireyouandyourconfidencecanbeagreathelp.Justmakesurethepersonisreal—planningtobelikeKimKardashianisnotagoodidea.Youwantasource(来源)ofpositivityyoucantapintowhenyouneedit.(有人可以激励你和你的自信，这将是一个很大的帮助。只要确保这个人是真实的——计划成为金·卡戴珊那样的人不是一个好主意。你想要一个积极的来源，当你需要的时候，你可以利用它。)”可知，本段主要讲述了要找一个切实可行的榜样，A项“找到真正的榜样。”符合题意。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItwasanormalWednesday.Iwasgettingdinnerreadywhensuddenlyapainfulringsoundedinmyear.I____41____thatIneededtocallmygrandmother.Somethingwaswrong.I____42____acallatonce,butshedidn’tanswer.Thatwas____43____becauseshealwaysanswered.I____44____againandagain,buttherewerestillnoanswers.Ibeganto____45____,asshelivedalone,Iknewsheneeded____46____.Icalledmyfather,tellinghimIthoughtweneededtodriveto____47____onher.Onarrivingthere,wefoundmypo