网课智慧树知道《句法学（山东大学）》章节测试答案

第一章单元测试1【单选题】(2分)Syntaxisthestudyoftheprinciplesandprocessesbywhichsentencesare（）inparticularlanguages.A.constructedB.transformedC.derivedD.moved2【判断题】Syntaxisthescientificstudyofsentencecomponentsandthewaytheyarecombinedtogether.（）A.对B.错3【单选题】(2分)Accordingtoscientiststhemselves,scientificstudyisdeterminedby（）.A.thescientificmethodusedB.thetoolsusedC.thegoaloftheresearchD.thecontentstudied4【判断题】Hypothesiscanberegardedasastrongerversionofgeneralization.（）A.错B.对5【判断题】Ahypothesisthatmakesnopredictionsorpredictseverythingisuseless.（）A.对B.错6【单选题】(2分)（）rulestellpeoplehowtheyshouldspeak,howpeoplearesupposedtousetheirlanguage.A.DescriptiveB.PrescriptiveC.ImportantD.Scientific7【单选题】(2分)（）rulesdescribehowpeopleactuallyspeak.A.PrescriptiveB.ScientificC.ImportantD.Descriptive8【判断题】Competencereferstothekindsoflanguagethatareactuallyproducedandheard.（）A.对B.错9【判断题】Competencereferstowhatweknowaboutourlanguage.（）A.错B.对10【判断题】Consciousknowledgeliketherulesofalgebraisacquired.（）A.对B.错11【判断题】Languageisaninstinctandmanypartsofitarebuiltin,orinnate.（）A.错B.对12【判断题】UniversalGrammarreferstoabuilt-ininstinctforLanuagebuiltinourmind,whichisbothunlearnableandunacquirable.（）A.对B.错13【判断题】Recursionisanotherproofsayingthatlanguageisnotproductiveandunlearnable.（）A.对B.错14【判断题】Languageisaproductive,recursiveandinfinitesystem.（）A.对B.错第二章单元测试1【单选题】(2分)Partsofspeech,alsocalledsyntactic（）orwordclass,tellushowawordisgoingtofunctioninthesentence.A.classesB.categoriesC.kindsD.types2【判断题】Traditionaldefinitionsofwordclassareusuallybasedonsemanticcriteria.（）A.对B.错3【判断题】Awordneverchangesitspartofspeechwhereveritappearsinasentence.（）A.错B.对4【判断题】Wecannotfigureoutthepartsofspeechofwordswithoutknowingwhattheymean.（）A.错B.对5【判断题】Thepartofspeechofawordisnotdeterminedbyitsmeaning.（）A.错B.对6【判断题】Thecriteriafordeterminingpartofspeecharen’tbasedonthemeaningoftheword,butonitsdistribution.（）A.错B.对7【判断题】Syntacticdistributionistheonlydistributionaltestfordeterminingpartofspeech.（）A.错B.对8【判断题】Syntacticdistributionreferstowhatotherwordsappearneartheword.（）A.错B.对9【单选题】(2分)Partsofspeechthatallownewmembersaresaidtobe（）class.A.newB.functionalC.openD.close10【判断题】Nouns,verbs,adjectives,andadverbsarealllexicalpartsofthesentence.（）A.对B.错11【判断题】Functionalpartsofspeechusuallydon’tprovideanygrammaticalinformation.（）A.对B.错12【单选题】(2分)Thetechnicaltermforthesubtypesofaspeechcategoryiscalled（）.A.subcategoriesB.inferiorcategoriesC.smallcategoriesD.supercategories13【判断题】TherearetwoargumentsinthesentenceJacklovesGina.（）A.错B.对第三章单元测试1【单选题】(2分)Thenotionstocapturetheinternalstructureofsentencesare（）structureandconstituents.A.flatB.hierarchicalC.externalD.internal2【判断题】Structureisthewayinwhichthepartsofsomethingareconnectedtogether,arrangedororganized.（）A.对B.错3【判断题】TopicalizationisaprocesswherebyanNPgetsmovedtothefrontofthemainverb.（）A.错B.对4【判断题】Inasentence,certainwordsaremorecloselyconnectedthanothersandfunctionasasingleunit.（）A.对B.错5【判断题】Therearetwoapproachestodrawatreetodemonstratethestructureofasentence:top-downandbottom-up.（）A.错B.对6【判断题】Thefirststeptodrawabottom-uptreeistoidentifywhatmodifieswhat.（）A.对B.错7【判断题】ThelaststepofdrawingatreeistogobackandcheckeachlevelinordertomakesuretheyaregeneratedbythePhraseStructureRules.（）A.对B.错8【判断题】Drawingbracketeddiagramsessentiallyfollowsdifferentprinciplesastreedrawing.（）A.错B.对9【判断题】Toshowtheinternalstructureofsentencesinaformalway，wehavetwoapproaches:treesandbrackets.（）A.错B.对10【判断题】Syntactictreesallowustocapturetheambiguityofasentence.（）A.错B.对第四章单元测试1【判断题】Alineconnectingtwopartsofatreeissyntacticallycalledabranch.（）A.错B.对2【单选题】(2分)Anodewithnolineontopofitiscalled（）node.A.leaveB.branchingC.terminalD.root3【单选题】(2分)Anodewithnobranchunderneathitiscalled（）node.A.branchingB.terminalC.leaveD.root4.【多选题】正确答案：BCDThemaintypesofstructuralrelationsbetweendifferentnodesinatreeinclude（）.A.C-commandB.dominationC.precedenceD.coordination5【判断题】NodeAdominatesnodeBaslongasAishigherupinthetreethanB.（）A.错B.对6【单选题】(2分)Technically,constituentcanbedefinedasasetofterminalnodesexhaustively（）byaparticularnode.A.dominatedB.precededC.coordinatedD.C-commanded7【判断题】NodeAimmediatelydominatesnodeBifthereisnointerveningnodeGthatisdominatedbyA,butdominatesnodeB.（）A.错B.对8【判断题】NodeAsister-precedesnodeBaslongastheyarebothimmediatelydominatedbythesamenode.（）A.对B.错9【判断题】NodeAc-commandsnodeBifeverynodedominatingAalsodominatesB.（）A.对B.错10【判断题】Anodec-commandsitssistersandallthedaughtersandgranddaughtersofitssisters.（）A.对B.错11【单选题】(2分)Whentwonodesc-commandeachother,itiscalled（）c-command.A.symmetricB.immediateC.asymmetricD.distant12【判断题】NodeAgovernsnodeBifAc-commandsB,andthereisnonodeGwhichisc-commandedbynodeAandnodeGasymmetricallyc-commandsnodeB.（）A.对B.错13【判断题】Governmentcanberegardedasaspecialtypeofc-command:immediateasymmetricc-command.（）A.对B.错第五章单元测试1【判断题】R-expressionsgettheirmeaningbyreferringtovariousentitiesintheworld.（）A.对B.错2.【多选题】正确答案：ABAnNPthatgetsitsmeaningbyreferringtoanentityintheworldcanbecalled（）.A.referringexpressionB.R-expressionC.pronounD.anaphor3【单选题】(2分)AnNPthatobligatorilygetsitsmeaningfromanotherNPinthesentenceiscalleda(n)（）.A.pronounB.R-expressionC.anaphorD.referringexpression4【单选题】(2分)AnNPthatmay,butneednot,getitsmeaningfromanotherwordinthesentenceiscalled（）.A.pronounB.referringexpressionC.anaphorD.R-expression5【判断题】Ananaphormay,butneednot,getitsmeaningfromanotherNPinthesentence.（）A.错B.对6【单选题】(2分)ThesyntactictheorydealingwiththesemanticrestrictionsonthepositionsoccupiedbyNPsinasentenceiscalled（）theory.A.commandingB.dominatingC.governingD.binding7【判断题】TwoNPsaresaidtobecoindexediftheyhavethesameindex.（）A.对B.错8【判断题】Apronounmustgetitsmeaningfromanotherwordinthesentence.（）A.对B.错9【判断题】Bindinghasnothingtodowithcoindexation.（）A.对B.错10【单选题】(2分)Thesyntacticspaceinwhichananaphormustfinditsantecedentiscalledabinding（）.A.governingB.bindingC.commandingD.domain11【单选题】(2分)AnNPthatgivesitsmeaningtoanothernouninthesentenceiscalledthe（）ofthatnoun.A.precedentB.motherC.sisterD.antecedent12【判断题】BindingdomainmightbedefinedastheclausecontainingtheNP.（）A.对B.错13【判断题】Apronounmustbeboundinitsbindingdomain.（）A.错B.对14【判断题】Ananaphormustbefreeinitsbindingdomain.（）A.错B.对第六章单元测试1【判断题】TherewasanintermediatelevelintheinternalstructureofNPs.（）A.对B.错2【单选题】(2分)Constituencytestspointtowardsamorecomplicatedstructureofphrasesinsteadofthe（）structure.A.surfaceB.hierarchicalC.deepD.flat3【单选题】(2分)Theonlyobligatoryelementinaphraseisthe（）.A.complementB.adjunctC.headD.specifier4【单选题】(2分)A（）isthemostprominentelementinaphrasalcategoryandgivesitspartofspeechcategorytothewholephrase.A.adjunctB.specifierC.headD.complement5【判断题】One-replacementmeanstoreplaceanNPwithone.（）A.错B.对6【单选题】(2分)Therequirementthatphrasesareheadediscalled（）.A.exocentricityB.androcentricityC.endocentricityD.priority7【判断题】Do-so-(ordid-so-)replacementmeanstoreplaceaVnodewithdo-so.（）A.错B.对8【判断题】Alltypesofphrasesinvolveaninternalhierarchicalstructurewiththebarlevel.（）A.对B.错9【判断题】Theonlyobligatoryelementinaphraseisthecomplement.（）A.错B.对10【单选题】(2分)XPsarecalledmaximalprojectionsandtheN’sarecalled（）projections.A.minimalB.intermediateC.superD.middle11【判断题】InX-bartheory,theXissometimescalledtheminimalprojection.（）A.对B.错12【判断题】Allnon-headmaterialsinX-barrulesareneitherphrasalnoroptional.（）A.错B.对13【判断题】X-bartheoryisanattempttocaptureallthosesimilaritiesamongtherules.（）A.对B.错14【判断题】SpecifiercanbedefinedasanXPthatisasistertoanX’level,andadaughterofanotherXP.（）A.对B.错15【单选题】(2分)（）referstoanXPthatisasistertoahead(N,V,A,orP)andadaughterofasinglebarlevel(N',V',A',orP’).A.adjunctB.headC.complementD.specifier16【单选题】(2分)（）referstoanXPthatisasistertoasinglebarlevel(N',V',A',orP')andadaughterofasinglebarlevel(N',V',A',orP’).A.headB.specifierC.complementD.adjunct17【判断题】IntheX-barframework,therearethreeimportantnodesspecifier,complementandadjunct.（）A.对B.错18【判断题】ThecomplementPPwillalwaysbeclosertotheheadthananadjunctPPwillbe.（）A.错B.对19【单选题】(2分)TheadjunctruleX’→X’(ZP)showsthepropertyof（）.A.endocentricityB.recursionC.similarityD.movement20【判断题】Wecanusuallyreorderacomplementwiththeadjuncts.（）A.对B.错21【判断题】Wecanusuallyreorderadjunctswithrespecttooneanother,butwecanneverreorderacomplementwiththeadjuncts.（）A.错B.对22【判断题】One-replacementappliesbothtoAdjunctsandComplements.（）A.错B.对23【判断题】InX-barframework,tree-drawingrequiresthatourlinkingmuststartwiththemodifiersclosesttothehead.（）A.对B.错24【判断题】One-replacementappliestoadjuncts,nottocomplements.（）A.错B.对25【判断题】WhendrawingatreeinX-barframework,wemustkeepinmindthatsomeoftheX-barrulesareoptional.（）A.错B.对第七章单元测试1【判断题】InX-bartheory,determinersarestillconsideredthespecifierofNP.（）A.对B.错2【判断题】InX-bartheory,DwillhaveitsownprojectionDP,andneitherTnorCisanoptionalpartinTPorCP.（）A.对B.错3【判断题】DPhypothesissaysdeterminerheadsitsownphrasalprojectionandtheNPisitscomplement.（）A.对B.错4【判断题】PossessiveNPsprovideevidenceforDPhypothesis.（）A.对B.错5【判断题】Predicatephraseisagroupofwordsthatassignapropertytotheobject.（）A.对B.错6【单选题】(2分)Aclauseisessentiallya（）andapredicatephrase.A.complementB.subjectC.objectD.topic7【单选题】(2分)Aclausethatcanstandonitsowniscalleda（）clause,alsocalledmainclause.A.sisterB.childC.embeddedD.root8【判断题】Anothernameforembeddedclausesissubordinateclause.（）A.错B.对9.【多选题】正确答案：ACDEmbeddedclausescanalsobedistinguishedaccordingtothepositionstheyoccupyinthesentence,suchas（）.A.adjunctclausesB.adverbialclausesC.specifierclausesD.complementclauses10【单选题】(2分)Clauseswithinclausesarecalled（）.A.mainclausesB.embeddedclausesC.rootclausesD.insideclauses11【单选题】(2分)Clauseswithpredicatesthataretensedarecalled（）,ortensedclauses.A.non-finiteclausesB.finiteclausesC.embeddedclausesD.rootclauses12【判断题】Clauseswithoutatensedverbarecallednon-finiteclausesortenselessclauses.（）A.错B.对13【单选题】(2分)InEnglish,toformayes/noquestionyoueitherinsertsomeformoftheverbdo(do,does,did)beforethesubject,oryou（）thesubjectandtheauxiliary.A.exchangeB.changeC.moveD.invert14【判断题】Tenseexistsineveryclause,anditcanbeanalyzedeitherthroughaffixhoppingorbyNullT.（）A.对B.错15【判断题】Complementizerexistsineveryclause,whetheritisarootclauseoranembeddedone,orwhetheritisaquestionorastatement.（）A.对B.错第八章单元测试1【判断题】X-bartheoryisnotperfect.Itover-generatessomeungrammaticalsentencesanditneedstoberestricted.（）A.对B.错2【单选题】(2分)Thematicrelationareparticularsemantictermsusedtodescribetherolethata(n)（）playswithrespecttothepredicate.A.subjectB.argumentC.nounD.object3【单选题】(2分)Thematically,theinitiatorordoerofanactioniscalledthe（）.A.experiencerB.themeC.recipientD.agent4【单选题】(2分)Argumentsthatfeelorperceiveeventsarecalled（）.A.experiencersB.agentsC.themesD.recipients5【判断题】SubcategorialselectionandselectionalrestrictionshavenothingtodowithconstrainingthegeneratingpowerofX-bartheory.（）A.对B.错6【单选题】(2分)Entitiesthatundergoactionsoraremoved,experienced,orperceivedarecalled（）.A.agentsB.themesC.experiencersD.recipients7【判断题】Recipientonlyoccurswithverbsthatdenoteachangeofpossession（）A.对B.错8【单选题】(2分)Theplacewheretheactionoccursiscalledthe（）.A.locationB.experiencerC.themeD.agent9【判断题】Theobjectwithwhichanactionisperformediscalledtheinstrument.（）A.错B.对10【单选题】(2分)Theentitiestowardswhichmotiontakesplaceiscalleda(n)（）.A.locationB.themeC.goalD.agent11【单选题】(2分)Theoppositeofagoalisthe（）,theentityfromwhichamotionoriginates.A.sourceB.goalC.themeD.location12【判断题】Thetarolesrefertobundlesofthematicrelationsthatclusteronanargument.（）A.对B.错13【判断题】Theoneforwhosebenefitaneventtookplaceiscalledthedoer.（）A.错B.对14【单选题】(2分)Thetarolesassignedtothesubjectarealsocalled（）thetaroles.A.externalB.locationalC.selectionalD.internal15【单选题】(2分)Thetarolesassignedtotheobjectsarecalled（）thetaroles.A.locationalB.internalC.selectionalD.external16【单选题】(2分)（）requiresthattherebeastrictone-to-onematchingbetweenthenumberandkindofthetarolesandthenumberandkindofarguments.A.BindingtheoryB.ThetacriterionC.ProjectionPrincipleD.X-bartheory17【单选题】(2分)（）statesthatlexicalinformationissyntacticallyrepresentedatalllevels.A.ProjectionPrincipleB.X-bartheoryC.BindingtheoryD.Thetacriterion18【判断题】Eachargumentisassignedoneandonlyonethetarole.（）A.错B.对19【判断题】Anythetarolecanbeassignedtomorethanoneargument.（）A.对B.错20【判断题】ExtendedProjectionPrinciple(EPP)meansthatallclausesmusthavesubjectsandlexicalinformationisexpressedatalllevels.（）A.对B.错第九章单元测试1【判断题】DifferentkindsofcomplementizersselectfordifferentkindsofTP.（）A.错B.对2【判断题】Verbsonlyselectforspecificthetaroles,theydon’tselectfordifferentfeaturesofCPs.（）A.错B.对3【判断题】Differentkindsofdeterminersallplacerestrictionsondifferentkindsofnounstheycantakeascomplements.（）A.错B.对4【单选题】(2分)（）referstothetimeofaneventrelativetothetimeatwhichthesentenceiseitherspokenorwritten.A.AspectB.TenseC.VoiceD.Mood5【单选题】(2分)（）tensemeanstheeventtimeisbeforetheassertiontime.A.FutureB.PastC.presentD.Infinitive6【单选题】(2分)（）timemeanstheeventtimeisthesameastheassertiontime.A.presentB.InfinitiveC.PastD.Future7【单选题】(2分)（）tensemeanstheeventtimeisaftertheassertiontime.A.InfinitiveB.presentC.PastD.Future8【判断题】Complexverbformsaregeneratedbycombiningaffixesintheorderoftense,aspect,voice,andmainverb.（）A.对B.错9【判断题】Englishseemstohavemultipleverbsbe,atleasttwoverbshave,butonlyoneverbdo.（）A.对B.错10【单选题】(2分)Modalverbsarein（）distributionwithauxiliaries.A.orderedB.randomC.hierarchicalD.complementary11【判断题】ModalverbsactuallybelongtoTense.（）A.错B.对第十章单元测试1【判断题】Transformationalrulestransformthedeepstructureintosurfacestructurebymovementandinsertion.（）A.错B.对2【判断题】Insertionrulesputsomethingnewintothebeginningofasentence.（）A.错B.对3【判断题】X-bartheoryiscapableofgeneratingallgrammaticalsentences.（）A.错B.对4【单选题】(2分)（）RulesareasetofruleswhichtaketheoutputofX-barrulesandchangethemintodifferentstructures.A.GenerationalB.GeneralC.OriginalD.Transformational5【单选题】(2分)TheV→Tmovementcanexplainwhyadverbsoffrequencyandnegativeadverbsappearbetweentheheadandthe（）.A.complementB.specifierC.adjunctD.predicate6【单选题】(2分)TheVP-internalsubjecthypothesissaysthatthesubjectisgeneratedatthe（）ofthevoiceauxiliaryphrase.A.adjunctB.complementC.predicateD.specifier7【单选题】(2分)T→Cmovementhasa（）motivationandissimilarinsomewaystoV→Tmovement.A.phonologicalB.morphologicalC.semanticalD.syntactical8【判断题】V→TmovementmeanstomovetheheadVtotheheadT.（）A.错B.对9【判断题】Verbmovementparametersaysthatallverbsraiseoronlymainverbsraise.（）A.对B.错10【单选题】(2分)Whenthereisnootheroptionforsupportinginflectionalaffixes,wecaninsertthedummyverb（）intoT.A.canB.doC.beD.have11【判断题】EnglishonlyallowstheauxiliaryverbtoberaisedtoT.（）A.对B.错12【判断题】Whenthereisnoauxiliaryverb,thereisnophoneticcontentintheTposition,andthentheT→Cmovementcannotbecompletedtoformaquestion.（）A.对B.错第十一章单元测试1【判断题】DPMovementmovesaDPtoaspecifierposition.（）A.错B.对2【判断题】RaisingoperationmeanstoraiseaDPfromthelowerclausetothehigher.（）A.对B.错3【判断题】ItistotallyunreasonabletoassumethattheabsenceofasubjectisthetriggerforDPmovement.（）A.对B.错4【单选题】(2分)Thethemeisgeneratedinthemainverb’s（）positioninbothactivesandpassives.A.adjunctB.complementC.headD.specifier5【单选题】(2分)Inapassivesentence,thesubjectisassignedthe（）rolebythemainverb.A.experiencerB.agentC.themeD.beneficiary6【单选题】(2分)IntheCasetheoryofChomsky(1981),nominativeCaseisassignedinthe（）offiniteT.A.headB.specifierC.adjunctD.complement7【单选题】(2分)IntheCasetheoryofChomsky(1981),（）Caseisassignedasasistertotheverb.A.activeB.genitiveC.accusativeD.nominative8【判断题】IntheCasetheoryofChomsky(1981),DPsaregivenCaseifandonlyiftheyappearinspecificpositionsinthesentence.（）A.对B.错9【判断题】TheCaseFiltersaysthatsomeDPsmustbemarkedwithacase.（）A.错B.对10【判断题】TheCaseFiltersaysthataDPthatdoesn’tgetcasewillleadtothecrashofthesentence.（）A.错B.对11【判断题】ActiveverbscanassignaccusativeCasebutpassiveverbscannot.（）A.对B.错12【判断题】AllsubjectDPsmovetotheinitialpositionofasentencetogetCase.（）A.错B.对13【判断题】ThedifferencebetweenSVOlanguageslikeEnglishandVSOlanguageslikeIrishisinwherenominativeCaseisassigned.（）A.对B.错14【判断题】InSVOlanguages,nominativeCaseisassignedwhentheDPisimmediatelyc-commandedbyfiniteT.（）A.错B.对第十二章单元测试1【判断题】Wh-movementtargetswh-phrasesandmovesthemtothespecifierofCPs.（）A.错B.对2【判断题】Wh-movementistriggeredbythepresenceofa[+Q]featureinC.（）A.错B.对3【判断题】Wh-movementcanhappeninsidetheembeddedclausesbutcannotextendintothemainclauses.（）A.错B.对4【单选题】(2分)Wh-movementistomoveawh-phrasetothe（）ofCPtochecka[+WH]featureinC.A.complementB.headC.adjunctD.specifier5【判断题】Wh-phrasesinrelativeclausesalsofollowstheWh-movementrule.（）A.对B.错6【单选题】(2分)ThemovementmotivationforWh-phrasesinrelativeclausesisnottocheckthe[+WH]feature,buttogetconnectedwiththe（）.A.assign