宁夏吴忠市2024-2025学年高三英语上学期开学第一次月考试题含解析

Page272023-2024学年高三年级开学第一次月考英语试卷(试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Tourguideandtourist.B.Ticketsellerandtourist.C.Flightattendantandpassenger.2.Howwillthemangotoschool?A.Bycar.B.OnfootC.Bybike.3.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Getareceipt.B.Depositherluggage.C.Purchasesomeproducts.4.InwhichdepartmentdoesMrs.Laurenwork?A.Thesalesdepartment.B.Themanagementdepartment.CThehumanresourcesdepartment.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.ThesizeoftheLincolnPark.B.ThelocationoftheLincolnPark.C.TheshortcuttotheLincolnPark.其次节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.HowtallistheEiffelTower?A.About230meters.B.About320metersC.About430meters.7.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsGustaveEiffel?A.Confusing.B.ForgivingC.Admiring.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whendidthemanstarttohaveafever?A.Yesterdayafternoon.B.LastnightC.Thismorning.9.Whatwillthemanprobablydofirst?A.Takesomemedicine.B.Fillintheregistrationslip.C.GototheMedicalDepartment.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatworkistherestaurantoffering?A.Servingthefood.B.Washingthedishes.C.Answeringthephone.11.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheworkinghours?A.Worried.B.Satisfied.C.Disappointed.12.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantogetfromhertutor?A.Aworkpermit.B.Aleavenote.C.Anapplicationform.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whoisthewoman?A.ThechairoftheYouthCouncil.B.TheaccountantoftheYouthCouncil.C.TheadministratoroftheYouthCouncil.14.WhydoesthemanwanttojointheYouthCouncil?A.TolearnfromStephanie.B.Togainexperienceinit.C.Togettodiscusslocalissues.15.WhichagegroupistheYouthCouncilfor?A.The13-18agegroup.B.The12-16agegroup.C.The10-15agegroup.16.WherewillthemanprobablystayonSaturdaynight?A.Inahostel.B.Athisparents’C.Inthecouncil’sflat.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whichisthemostpopularamongvisitors?A.Thesculpturegallery.B.The19thcenturypaintings.C.The20thand21stcenturypaintings.18.Howwasthemuseumstarted?A.Byartistsdonatingworks.B.Byhistoriansraisingmoney.C.Byordinarypeople’sdiscovery.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthecollectionofcoins?A.Itisafocusedcollection.B.Ithascoinsmade2,000yearsago.C.Ithascoinsfromallovertheworld.20.Whatwillthespeakerprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Themuseum’srepairwork.B.Themuseum’slonghistory.C.Themuseum’spublicfacilities.其次部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ACheapandevenfreevolunteeringprogramsareeverywhere.Don’tworryaboutabudgetthatmaystopyoufromvolunteeringabroad!KindredSpiritElephantSanctuary(爱护区)istherightplaceforyou.HighlightsVolunteerwithelephantsandbringthembackintotheirnaturalhabitat.Makeadifferenceintheconservationeffortstosaveelephantslivingunderawfulconditions.HelpteachEnglishtothecommunitiesandraiseawarenessaboutthecaptive(圈养的)elephantsituation.Wandertheforestsandobserveelephant’snaturalbehavioursintheirhomeenvironment.OurSanctuaryOursanctuaryhasrescued5elephantsfromthetourismindustryandwehavenowbroughtthemhometoliveouttheirlivesintheforest,insemi-wildconditions.Weneedvolunteerstohelpuskeeptheseelephantshappyandhealthyintheirnaturalhabitat.Withvolunteersupport.wehopetoreturnmoreelephantstotheforestsoon.YourtasksPerformingresearchonthenaturalelephantbehavioursandthesurroundingforest.TakingpartincommunityprojectssuchasteachingEnglishattheschoolandtootherlocals.Carryingoutlitterpick-upswiththekidstoeducateonwastemanagement.YourRoughSchedule:Day1:PickupfromChiangMaiat9am.Travelthroughanationalparkandstunningmountainsuntilyouarriveinouruniquevillage.Meetyourhomestayfamilyandtheothervolunteers,andimmerseyourselfinhilltribeculture.Day2:Wakeupearlytohikeintheforestandfindourelephants.Spendthemorningrecordingandlearningabouttheseamazinganimalsandtheirnaturalbehaviours.Returntothevillageinthelateafternoonandtakepartinourcommunity&teachingprojects.Day3:Anotherearlystarttoliketoobserveourelephantsonelasttime.ReturntoChiangMaiintheafternoon.1.Whichofthefollowinghighlightsthevolunteerworkatthesanctuary?A.Lookingaftercaptiveelephants.B.Seekingelephantsinnaturalforests.C.Learninglocalcommunities’folkarts.D.Savingelephantsinpoorenvironment.2.Whatshouldyoudoasavolunteer?A.Establishexperimentalbases.B.Promoteeducationalprograms.C.Enhanceculturalexchange.D.Startanti-povertyprojects.3.Whatshouldyoukeepinmindifyouwanttovolunteerthere?A.Youshouldhavegoodabilityofhiking.B.Youcanchooseyourowntransportation.C.Youmaycamponthemountainfordays.D.Youmustbefamiliarwithlocallanguages.【答案】1D2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了KindredSpirit大象爱护区志愿活动项目的活动亮点、工作任务和简要日程等信息。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Highlights部分的“Makeadifferenceintheconservationeffortstosaveelephantslivingunderawfulconditions.(在爱护工作中发挥作用，挽救生活在恶劣条件下的大象)”可知，挽救环境恶劣的大象是爱护区志愿者工作的亮点之一。故选D。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Yourtasks部分的“TakingpartincommunityprojectssuchasteachingEnglishattheschoolandtootherlocals.(参与社区项目，如在学校或给其他当地人教英语)”可知，参与提升当地教化的活动是志愿活动任务之一。故选B。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据YourRoughSchedule部分的“Day2:Wakeupearlytohikeintheforestandfindourelephants.Spendthemorningrecordingandlearningabouttheseamazinganimalsandtheirnaturalbehaviours.(其次天：早起在森林里徒步旅行，找到我们的大象。花一个上午的时间记录和学习这些奇妙的动物和它们的自然行为)”和“Day3:Anotherearlystarttoliketoobserveourelephantsonelasttime.(第三天：又一次早起，最终一次视察我们的大象)”可知，志愿者须要在森林中徒步找寻和视察大象。所以假如你想在那里做志愿者，你应当记住你应当有很好的徒步旅行实力。故选A。BFitzGeraldisa16-year-oldlong-distancerunnerfromDevon,England,whohassetanationalrecordintheunder-17s3,000meters,butnowshe’sgettingnoticedforhercommitmenttosavingtheplanet.FitzGeraldfinishedfourthintheunder-20sraceattheEuropeanCrossCountryChampionshipsinItalylastDecember,butherjourneytogettheremadeitevenmoreimpressive.ToreachTurininItaly,FitzGeraldcouldhavetakenaquickflight.However,flyingreleasescarbondioxide.Instead,shetookanovernightcoachtoLilleinFrance,thentrainstofirstParis,thenTurin,cyclingbetweenstations.Despitehertiringjourney,shebeatathletesthreeyearsolderthanher.FitzGeraldturneddownthechancetocompeteattheWorldAthleticsCrossCountryChampionshipsinBathurst,Australia.ShetoldAthleticsWeeklymagazinethatthedecisionwasn’teasybutthattravellingfillsher“withdeepconcern”.“TohavetheopportunitytocompeteforGreatBritaininAustraliaisaprivilege,”FitzGeraldsaid.“However,Iwouldneverbecomfortableflyingintheknowledgethatpeoplecouldbelosingtheirlivelihoods,homesandlovedonesasaresult.TheleastIcandoisvoicemysolidarity(团结一样)withthosesufferingonthefrontlineofclimatebreakdown.”FitzGerald’srefusaltoflyhasledpeopletocomparehertotheclimateactivistThunberg,whooncetravelledtoNewYorkbyboat.FitzGeraldcouldtravelbyshiptoAustralia,butitwouldtakehermorethanamonthtogetthere.FitzGeraldknowsherchoicetoputtheneedsoftheEarthfirstcouldaffectherathleticscareer,butshehastoactasifit’sanemergency.ChampionsforEarth,anorganizationforenvironmentally-friendlyathletes,said:“Sheislookingforsponsorsandsupporterswhocanhelpherwiththemoreexpensivepublictransport,accommodationandeco-friendlykitthatsherequires.ItisclearthatFitzGeraldhasthesteelydeterminationandfocus,combinedwiththecourageandclaritytofacearealityquitedifferenttoathletesofpreviousgenerations.”4.WhydidFitzGeraldmakeheadlines?A.BecauseshechosegreentransportinsteadofaflighttoItaly.B.Becauseshemadeanationalrecordin3,000metersinEngland.C.Becauseshedevotedallhertimetoeco-environmentinEngland.D.BecauseshewonthechampioninthecrosscountryraceinItaly.5.WhatcausedFitzGeraldtorefusethecompetitioninAustralia?A.Ungreentravelling. B.TiringcompetinginItaly.C.Changeableclimateontheway. D.Affectedathleticscareer.6.WhatdoFitzGeraldandThunberghaveincommon?A.Actingimmediatelyifthereisanemergency.B.Preferringtakingtheshipinsteadoftheflight.C.Spendingalltheirlifeinprotectingtheenvironment.D.Choosingtheeco-friendlymeansoftransportation.7.WhichcanbestdescribeFitzGeraldaccordingtoChampionsforEarth?A.Honestandoutgoing. B.Determinedandconcentrated.C.Attractiveandmodest. D.Courageousandhumorous.【答案】4.A5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了16岁的越野长跑运动员FitzGerald是位环保主义者。为了削减碳排放，她不乘坐飞机，并因此放弃了在澳大利亚实行的越野长跑竞赛。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段“FitzGeraldfinishedfourthintheunder-20sraceattheEuropeanCrossCountryChampionshipsinItalylastDecember,butherjourneytogettheremadeitevenmoreimpressive.ToreachTurininItaly,FitzGeraldcouldhavetakenaquickflight.However,flyingreleasescarbondioxide.Instead,shetookanovernightcoachtoLilleinFrance,thentrainstofirstParis,thenTurin,cyclingbetweenstations.Despitehertiringjourney,shebeatathletesthreeyearsolderthanher.(去年12月，菲茨杰拉德在意大利实行的欧洲越野锦标赛上获得了20岁以下年龄组竞赛的第四名，但她的旅程让她的成果更加令人印象深刻。要到达意大利的都灵，菲茨杰拉德本可以快速飞行。然而，飞行会释放二氧化碳。于是，她坐了一整夜的长途汽车去了法国里尔，然后先坐火车去了巴黎，再去了都灵，在车站之间骑自行车。尽管路途乏累，她还是击败了比她大三岁的运动员)”可知，FitzGerald成为头条新闻是因为她选择了绿色交通，而不是坐飞机去意大利。故选A。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“However,Iwouldneverbecomfortableflyingintheknowledgethatpeoplecouldbelosingtheirlivelihoods,homesandlovedonesasaresult.TheleastIcandoisvoicemysolidarity(团结一样)withthosesufferingonthefrontlineofclimatebreakdown.(然而，假如我知道人们可能因此失去生计、家园和亲人，我就恒久不会安心飞行。我至少可以表达我对那些在气候崩溃前线受苦的人们的声援)”可知，FitzGerald拒绝参与澳大利亚的竞赛，是因为去往澳大利亚须要乘坐飞机，此交通方式不环保。故选A。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段“FitzGerald’srefusaltoflyhasledpeopletocomparehertotheclimateactivistThunberg,whooncetravelledtoNewYorkbyboat.(菲茨杰拉德拒绝坐飞机让人们将她与气候活动家Thunberg同日而语，Thunberg曾乘船前往纽约)”和其次段的“ToreachTurininItaly,FitzGeraldcouldhavetakenaquickflight.However,flyingreleasescarbondioxide.Instead,shetookanovernightcoachtoLilleinFrance,thentrainstofirstParis,thenTurin,cyclingbetweenstations.(要到达意大利的都灵，菲茨杰拉德本可以快速飞行。然而，飞行会释放二氧化碳。于是，她坐了一整夜的长途汽车去了法国里尔，然后先坐火车去了巴黎，再去了都灵，在车站之间骑自行车)”可知，菲茨杰拉德和Thunberg的共同之处是他们都选择环保的交通工具。故选D。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段内容“ItisclearthatFitzGeraldhasthesteelydeterminationandfocus,combinedwiththecourageandclaritytofacearealityquitedifferenttoathletesofpreviousgenerations.(很明显，菲茨杰拉德有着钢铁般的决心和专注力，再加上志气和清楚，能够面对与前几代运动员迥然不同的现实)”可知，FitzGerald是有决心和专注的，可用determined和concentrated描述她，故选B。CCanceriscausedbygenemutations(突变)thataccumulateincellsovertime,yetlong-livedanimalsthathavelotsofcells,suchaselephantsandwhales,hardlyevergetit.Why?Forelephants,atleast,partoftheanswermaybethegenecommonlyknownasp53,whichalsohelpshumansandmanyotheranimalsrepairDNAdamagedduringreplication(复制).Elephantshaveanamazing20copiesofthisgene.Thosecopies,eachwithtwovariationsproduceatotalof40proteins,comparedwithhumans’(andmostanimals’)singlecopyproducingtwoproteins.Inmammals,p53playsacrucialroleinpreventingmutatedcellsfromturningintotumors(肿瘤).Itworksbypausingreplicationandtheneitherinitiatingrepairorcausingcellstoself-destructifthedamageistooextensive.Withoutactionfromp53,cancercaneasilytakehold:inmorethanhalfofallhumancancers,thegene’sfunctionhasbeenlostthroughrandommutations.Thescientistsvirtuallymodeledandstudiedcarefullyelephants’40p53proteins,findingtwowaysthegenecouldhelpelephantsavoidcancer.First,thefactthatelephantspossessmultiplecopieslowersthechanceofp53nolongerworkingbecauseofmutations.Additionally,elephants’p53copiesactivateinresponsetovaryingmutationsandsorespondtodamagedcellsdifferently,whichlikelygivesanedgewhendetectingandgettingridofmutations.These“remarkable”resultsimplythatelephantshaveaseriesofmeansthoughwhichp53canoperate,saysSueHaupt,acellbiologistwhowasnotinvolvedinthework.Thispointsto“excitingpossibilitiesforexploringpowerfulnewapproachestocancerprotectioninhumans,”sheadds.Studyco-authorRobinFahraeusandhiscolleaguesarenowfollowingupontheseresultsusingbloodsamplesfromanAfricanelephantattheViennaZoo.Theyareexploringhowitsp53proteinsinteractwithdamagedcellsandplantocomparethosefindingswithresultsfromhumancells.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“initiating”meaninparagraph3?A.Delaying. B.Indicating.C.Stopping. D.Starting.9.Howdop53copiesfreeelephantsfromcancer?A.Bypreventingthereplicationthoroughly.B.Byprovidingpreciseresponsecontinuously.C.Byloweringthechanceofmutationsinadvance.D.Byrepairingthedamagedcellsinthesameway.10.Whatcanweconcludefromthelast2paragraphs?A.Theresultsneedfurthertests.B.Morebiologistswillparticipateinthestudy.C.Theresultsthrowlightonhumans’fightingcancer.D.ResearchershavenewfindingsinAfricanelephants.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Whyelephantsdon’tgetcancer.B.Whatcontributestoelephants’longlife.C.Wheretheanticancerbreakthroughlies.D.Howthekeycancer-fightinggeneworks.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述了为什么长寿的动物们不会患癌症的问题。【8题详解】词句揣测题。依据第三段第一句及划线词所在句“Inmammals,p53playsacrucialroleinpreventingmutatedcellsfromturningintotumors(肿瘤).Itworksbypausingreplicationandtheneitherinitiatingrepairorcausingcellstoself-destructifthedamageistooextensive.(在哺乳动物中，p53在防止突变细胞变成肿瘤方面起着至关重要的作用。它的工作原理是暂停复制，然后要么initiating修复，要么在损伤过于广泛时导致细胞自我毁灭)”可知，对于损伤过于广泛的细胞，p53会让细胞自我毁灭，因而对于可以修复的细胞，p53则会起先修复它。由此可知，划线词此处为“起先”含义。故选D。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段“Thescientistsvirtuallymodeledandstudiedcarefullyelephants’40p53proteins,findingtwowaysthegenecouldhelpelephantsavoidcancer.First,thefactthatelephantspossessmultiplecopieslowersthechanceofp53nolongerworkingbecauseofmutations.Additionally,elephants’p53copiesactivateinresponsetovaryingmutationsandsorespondtodamagedcellsdifferently,whichlikelygivesanedgewhendetectingandgettingridofmutations.(科学家们事实上建立了大象40种p53蛋白的模型，并细致探讨了这些蛋白，发觉了这种基因可以帮助大象避开癌症的两种方式。首先，大象拥有多个p53的副本的事实降低了p53由于突变而不再起作用的可能性。此外，大象的p53的副本对不同突变的反应也不同，因此对受损细胞的反应也不同，这可能在检测和消退突变方面有优势)”可知，p53对不同的突变的作用是不同的，即p53通过持续的针对不同的突变作出精确的回应，进而帮助大象避开癌症。故选B。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中“These“remarkable”resultsimplythatelephantshaveaseriesofmeansthoughwhichp53canoperate,saysSueHaupt,acellbiologistwhowasnotinvolvedinthework.Thispointsto“excitingpossibilitiesforexploringpowerfulnewapproachestocancerprotectioninhumans,”sheadds.(没有参与这项工作的细胞生物学家苏·豪普特(SueHaupt)说，这些“非凡”的结果意味着，大象有一系列的方法可以让p53起作用。她补充说，这表明“探究强有力的人类癌症防护新方法的令人兴奋的可能性”)”可知，这些非凡的结果意味着“探究强有力的人类癌症防护新方法的令人兴奋的可能性”。由此推知，这些结果的发觉为人类对抗癌症供应了线索。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，依据第一段“Canceriscausedbygenemutations(突变)thataccumulateincellsovertime,yetlong-livedanimalsthathavelotsofcells,suchaselephantsandwhales,hardlyevergetit.Why?(癌症是由基因突变引起的，随着时间的推移，基因突变积累在细胞中，然而长寿的动物有很多细胞，如大象和鲸鱼，几乎从来不会有癌症。为什么？)”及其次段中“Forelephants,atleast,partoftheanswermaybethegenecommonlyknownasp53,whichalsohelpshumansandmanyotheranimalsrepairDNAdamagedduringreplication(复制).(至少对大象来说，部分答案可能是通常被称为p53的基因，它也帮助人类和很多其他动物修复复制过程中受损的DNA)”可知，本文主要讲解并描述了为什么长寿的动物们不会患癌症的问题。故选A。DOnlineeatingshows,orMukbang(直播吃饭),originatedinSouthKoreaandhavegainedpopularityglobally.Manyhostsofsuchshowshavebecomepopularfortheirabilitytoeatlargeamountsoffood.Buttheseshowshavealsoreceivedcriticismfortheirwasteoffood.Whilesomehostsactuallydoconsumetheamountoffoodshown,othersmaybefakingit.OnAug12,CCTVexposedseveralChinesehostswhowerepretendingtoeatlargeamountsoffoodwhileoncamera,butactuallylaterthrewitaway.Todiscouragethispractice,manyvideoandlivestreamingplatforms,includingDouyin,KuaishowandBilibili,haveremovedvideosthatshowfoodwaste,andhavepromotedmessagesto“stopfoodwasteandeatreasonably.”InJune2020,theUnitedNationswarnedthattheworldisonthevergeoftheworstfoodcrisisin50years.AccordingtotheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations,aboutathirdoftheworld’sfood-1.3billiontons-iswastedeveryyear.InChinaalone,50milliontonsoffoodendsupinlandfillseveryyear,accordingtoBeijingNews.Recently,campaignsagainstfoodwastehavebeenfurtherpromoted.InAugust,PresidentXiJinpingstressedtheneedforsafeguardingfoodsecurityandstoppingfoodwaste.AccordingtoChinaDaily,restaurantsandcateringassociationsinmorethan18provincesandall4municipalcitieshaveissuedguidelinestocontrolfoodwaste.InShanxiprovince,localrestaurantshavebeenaskedtoservehalfportionstoavoidwaste.TheWuhanCateringAssociationproposedthatrestaurantsadoptthe“N-1mode”.Forexample,agroupof10dinersshouldonlyorderenoughforninepeoplefirst.Morefoodisonlybroughttothetableifrequired.Inaddition,anationwide“ClearYourPlate”campaignhasbeenlaunchedonline.UsersofSinaWeiboareencouragedtosharephotosorvideosofemptyplatesafterfinishingtheirmeals.Meanwhile,newlawsarealsobeingconsidered,accordingtoChinadaily.“Wewillmakenewlawsthatgiveclearinstructionsonavoidingfoodwaste,”saidZhangGuilongfromthelegislativeAffairsCommitteeoftheNationalPeople’sCongress.Theinstructionswillbedetailedineveryyearoffoodproduction,purchasingstorage,transportation,processingandconsumption,accordingtoZhang.12.WhatisCCTV’sattitudetowardonlineeatingshows?A.Supportive. B.Critical. C.Objective. D.Unclear.13.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?A.Mostvideomediaarecontributingtostoppingfoodwaste.B.Weshouldeatupallthefoodonthetable.C.It’shardtocarryout"ClearYourPlatecampaign.D.Allthevideosthatshowfoodwastehavebeenremoved.14.Whatcanwedotoavoidfoodwaste?A.Wecanadoptthe“N+1mode”.B.Wecaneatmorefoodthanweneed.C.Wecanchoosenottowatchonlineeatingshows.D.Wecanasktherestaurantstoserveushalfportions.15.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Onlineeatingshowsshouldbebanned.B.Newlawsshouldbemadetoavoidfoodwaste.C.Measuresarebeingtakentostopfoodwaste.D.Weshouldsharephotosorvideosofemptyplates.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了直播吃饭存在食物奢侈的现象，近日直播平台纷纷表态，相关的立法工作也在主动开展，全国各地也主动响应，杜绝“舌尖上的奢侈”。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第三段内容“OnAug12,CCTVexposedseveralChinesehostswhowerepretendingtoeatlargeamountsoffoodwhileoncamera,butactuallylaterthrewitaway.”可知，在8月12日，央视曝光了几个中国主播在镜头前假装吃大量食物但后来却把食物扔掉的行为。由此可推出央视对onlineeatingshows持“指责”的看法。故选B项。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第四段内容“Todiscouragethispractice,manyvideoandlivestreamingplatforms,includingDouyin,KuaishowandBilibili,haveremovedvideosthatshowfoodwaste,andhavepromotedmessagesto“stopfoodwasteandeatreasonably.””可知，为了阻挡虚假直播吃饭、奢侈粮食的行为，抖音、快手、哔哩哔哩等多家视频和直播平台已经删除了展示奢侈食物的视频，并推出了“停止食物奢侈，合理饮食”的信息。由此可推出，视频媒体正在为阻挡食物奢侈做着贡献。故选A项。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第九段“InShanxiprovince,localrestaurantshavebeenaskedtoservehalfportionstoavoidwaste.”可知，在山西省，餐厅被要求供应一半的食物重量来避开奢侈。可知，为了避开奢侈，我们可以要求餐厅给我们一半的重量。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了直播吃饭存在食物奢侈的现象，近日直播平台纷纷表态，相关的立法工作也在主动开展，全国各地也主动响应，杜绝“舌尖上的奢侈”，故选C项。其次节：七选五(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中途出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Istoppedtowatchmylittlegirlbusyplayinginherroom.Inonehandwasaplasticphone,andintheotherhandwasatoybroom.Ilistenedasshespoketohermake-believe(假装的)littlefriend.____16____Shesaid,“Suzie’sinthecornerbecauseshe’sbeenbehavingbadly.Shedidn’tlistentoanythingIsaid.”InthecomerIsawherbabydollalldressedinpink.Itwasobviousshe’dbeenputtositaloneandthink.____17____Shecontinued,“I’mfedup.Ijustdon’tknowwhattodowithher.ShecrieswheneverIhavetowork.SheneverletsmedothethingsthatIjusthavetodo.Shetriestohelpmewiththedishes.Andshedoesn’tknowhowtofoldtowels.____18____Ihavelotsofworktodoandabighousetokeepclean.Idon’thavethetimetositandplay.Don’tyouknowwhatImean?”ThatdayIthoughtalotaboutmakingsomechangesinmylife.____19____Ihadn’tbeenpayingenoughattentiontomydeardaughter.I’dbeencaughtupinresponsibilitiesthatincreasedthroughouttheyears.Butnowmyattitudehaschanged.I’veseentheworldinadifferentlightthroughmylittledarling’seyes.Soletthecobwebs(蜘蛛网)havethecomersandthedustrulethefloor.I’mnotgoingtoworryaboutkeepingupwiththemanymore.____20____Wearegrantedonlyonechildhoodandwewillnevergetanother.A.Idon’thavethetimetoteachher.B.Herinnocentwordscutmelikeaknife.C.Mydaughterwastheonlychildinthefamilythen.D.I’mgoingtofillthehousewithmemoriesofachildandhermother.E.Mydaughtercontinuedher“conversation”asIsatdownonthefloor.F.AndI’llneverforgetthewordsshesaid,eventhoughtheywereimagined.G.Whatapityitisformetotreatherlikethat,forIamtheypersonshetrusts【答案】16.F17.E18.A19.B20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲解并描述的是作者通过与女儿相处的一件小事明白了孩子的童年只有一个，从而确定放下手中种种，更好地陪伴女儿度过一个欢乐的童年。【16题详解】依据空前“Istoppedtowatchmylittlegirlbusyplayinginherroom.Inonehandwasaplasticphone,andintheotherhandwasatoybroom.Ilistenedasshespoketohermake-believe(假装的)littlefriend.(我停下来看我的小女儿在她的房间里忙着玩。一只手拿着一个塑料电话，另一只手拿着一个玩具扫帚。我听着她和她虚构的小挚友说话。)”可知女儿一个人在自顾自地和虚构的小挚友说话玩耍，依据空后“Shesaid,“Suzie’sinthecornerbecauseshe’sbeenbehavingbadly.Shedidn’tlistentoanythingIsaid.”(她说：“Suzie在角落里，因为她始终表现不好。我说什么她都没听进去。”)”可知此处讲的是女儿和虚构的挚友之间的对话，空处承上启下，所以空处应当讲我听到女儿这些话时的反应，F项AndI’llneverforgetthewordsshesaid,eventhoughtheywereimagined.(我恒久不会遗忘她说的话，即使那是想象出来的。)指出作者听到女儿与虚构的小挚友对话时的反应，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。【17题详解】依据空后“Shecontinued,“I’mfedup.Ijustdon’tknowwhattodowithher.ShecrieswheneverIhavetowork.SheneverletsmedothethingsthatIjusthavetodo.Shetriestohelpmewiththedishes.Andshedoesn’tknowhowtofoldtowels.____3____Ihavelotsofworktodoandabighousetokeepclean.Idon’thavethetimetositandplay.Don’tyouknowwhatImean?”(她接着说道，“我受够了。我只是不知道该拿她怎么办。我一上班她就哭。她从来不让我做我必需做的事。她试着帮我洗碗。而且她不知道怎么叠毛巾。我没时间教她。我有很多工作要做，还有一间大房子要打扫。我没有时间坐下来玩。莫非你不明白我的意思吗？”)”可知此处讲的是女儿和虚构小挚友的谈话内容，空处位于句首，所以空处应当讲的是我听到女儿在接着着她和虚拟小挚友的谈话。E项Mydaughtercontinuedher“conversation”asIsatdownonthefloor.(我在地板上坐下时，女儿接着她的“谈话”。)指出我听到女儿在接着着她与小挚友的谈话，符合上下文语境。故选E项。【18题详解】依据空前““I’mfedup.Ijustdon’tknowwhattodowithher.ShecrieswheneverIhavetowork.SheneverletsmedothethingsthatIjusthavetodo.Shetriestohelpmewiththedishes.Andshedoesn’tknowhowtofoldtowels.(“我受够了。我只是不知道该拿她怎么办。我一上班她就哭。她从来不让我做我必需做的事。她试着帮我洗碗。而且她不知道怎么叠毛巾。)”可知此处讲的是女儿在对虚构的小挚友诉说Suzie让她不满的种种，依据空后“Ihavelotsofworktodoandabighousetokeepclean.Idon’thavethetimetositandplay.Don’tyouknowwhatImean?”(我有很多工作要做，还有一间大房子要打扫。我没有时间坐下来玩。莫非你不明白我的意思吗？”)”可知此处讲的是女儿在告知虚构的小挚友自己之所以不能坐下来陪伴Suzie是因为自己有很多家务要做，空处承上启下，所以空处应当讲女儿指出Suzie不会叠毛巾的缘由是因为自己没有时间教她，A项Idon’thavethetimetoteachher.(我没时间教她。)指出Suzie不会叠毛巾的缘由是因为自己没有时间去教她，符合上下文语境。故选A项。【19题详解】依据空前“ThatdayIthoughtalotaboutmakingsomechangesinmylife.(那天我想了很多，想要变更我的生活。)”可知听了女儿的话之后我想要作出变更，依据空后“Ihadn’tbeenpayingenoughattentiontomydeardaughter.I’dbeencaughtupinresponsibilitiesthatincreasedthroughouttheyears.(我没有对我敬爱的女儿赐予足够的关注。这些年来，我的责任越来越重。)”可知此处讲的是女儿的话促使我进行了自我反省，空处承上启下，所以空处应当讲的是女儿的话让我有了触动，所以我确定进行变更，B项Herinnocentwordscutmelikeaknife.(她天真的话语像刀一样刺痛了我。)指出女儿天真的话让我心灵受到触动，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选B项。【20题详解】依据空前“Butnowmyattitudehaschanged.I’veseentheworldinadifferentlightthroughmylittledarling’seyes.Soletthecobwebs(蜘蛛网)havethecomersandthedustrulethefloor.I’mnotgoingtoworryaboutkeepingupwiththemanymore.(但现在我的看法变更了。通过我敬爱的小珍宝的眼睛，我看到了一个不同的世界。所以让蜘蛛网占据角落，让灰尘统治地板。我再也不用担忧如何跟上他们了。)”可知女儿的话让决心变更我的生活，所以我再也不会在房间的整理方面投入太多精力，因为我要将更多的时间用来和女儿欢乐地相处，依据空后“Wearegrantedonlyonechildhood,andwewillnevergetanother.(我们的童年只有一次，而且恒久不会有其次次。)”可知作者意识到孩子的童年只有一次，所以应当赐予孩子更多的关注和陪伴，空处承上启下，所以空处应当讲的是我决心将更多的精力投入到女儿的成长中，力争在房间的每一个角落都留下母女美妙的回忆，D项I’mgoingtofillthehousewithmemoriesofachildandhermother.(我要用一个孩子和她妈妈的回忆填满屋子。)指出作者确定作出变更，要用女儿和妈妈的回忆填满房间，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选D项。第三部分：语言学问运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：(共20小题;每小题15分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare“ifonly”.Ilivemylifewiththe___21___ofneverhavingtosaythosewords.Thetwowords___22___regret,lostopportunities,mistakes,and___23___.Andsometimesthewords“ifonly”gowith___24___disasters.Thinkabouthowmanytimesyouhaveheardaboutsomethingawfulhappening,___25___by"ifonlyhehadcalledherbacktomakesureshewasokay.”or“ifonlyIhad___26___thatnoise...”Myfather-in-lawis___27___inourfamilyforsaying,“___28___anextraminutetodoitright.”Hemustbedoingsomething___29___,sinceheis91yearsoldandstilldoingthingsright.Ialways____30____tolivebythe“extraminute”rule.SometimesitonlytakessecondstomakesureIwritethewordsdown____31____,orchecksomeinformationontheInternet,ormoveanobject____32____beforeittrips（绊倒）someone.Andofcoursewhenmychildrenwereyoungand____33____tocauseallkindsoftroubles,Ilivedandstucktothe“extraminute”____34____.IalwaysthoughtaboutwhatIcoulddoto____35____an“ifonly”moment,whetheritwassomethingsimplelikemovingacupfullofhotcoffeeawayfromtheedgeofacounter,orsomethingthatrequiredalittlemoreworksuchastapingpadding(衬垫)ontothe____36____cornersofaglasstable.Iknowtherewillstillbe____37____whenIhavetosay“ifonly”aboutsomething,butmylifeissurelymorepeacefulbecauseofmyprincipleofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthat____38____.Andeventhoughittakesanextraminutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallyta