浙江省台州市2024届高三年级下册二模英语试题 含解析

台州市2024届高三第二次教学质量评估试题

英语

本试卷共10页.满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写

在答题卡上。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂

黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案.答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应

位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按

以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有1。秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

1.Whatwillthewomandonext?

A.Writeareport.BShopfbradressC.Checkhermailbox.

2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.InahotelBhiahospitalC.hithewoman'shouse.

3Howdotliespeakerstravelmtotowntoday?

A.Bytrain.BBycar.C.Bybus.

4.Whoisprobablytheman?

A.Astampcollector.B.Astampdesigner.C.Astanq?seller.

5.WhathappenedtoChrisandLaura?

A.Theyjusthadababy.B.TheygotmaiTiedlastweek.C.Theyopenedanewrestaurant.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选

项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fnends.

7.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?

第1页/共23页

A.Washschoolclothes.BCheckschoolwork.C.Pi,eparefood.

听第7段材料，回答8至10题。

8.Whenwerethespeakerssupposedtomeet?

A.At3:20p.mB.At3:30p.m.C.At3:40p.m.

9.Whywasthewomanlate?

A.Shewasbusymovinghouse.BShecouldn'tfindanywheretopark.

C.Shewenttothecafe'sprevioussite.

10.Whatdoesthenianavoiddniikmgnow?

A.Milk.B.Coffee.C.Juice.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Howdidthemailgetirym-ed?

AHewashitbyacai\B.Hefelloverinagame.C.Hewassteppedonbysomeone.

12.Wluchpartoftheman'sbodyisnyured?

A.Hisknee.B.HisarmC.Hisankle.

13.Wliatwillthewomandonext?

A.Sendthemailhome.BTellthemanwhatheshoulddo.

C.Askmoreabouttheman'scondition.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Wlierewasthewomanwhenherdogwaslost?

A.Inagarden.B.Inaforest.C.Inafield

15.Wliycan,tthewomanfollowherdog?

A.Theareaistoodangerous.BThewoodsaiepnvate.C.Shehashurtherself.

16.Wliatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.Lookforthedoginthewoods.B.Callsomeonetohelp.C.GotoTina'shouse.

17.Howdoesthemansound?

A.Grateful.B.Helpful.C.Anxious.

听第io段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Wliatisthenewsmainlyabout?

A.Governmentpolicychanges.BSevereweathei'impacts.C.Sportseventupdates.

19.Howdidthegovenunentrespondtotliesituation?

A.Itprovidedtenq）oraryshelters.BItstoppedpublictransportation.

C.Itorganizedfimd-raismgactivities.

20.Whatisthesituationoftheannualfoodfestival?

A.Ifsbeingheldasscheduled.BIthasbeencancelled.C.Ithasbeendelayed.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

第2页/共23页

StudentstoCompetein34thNationalScienceBowl®

Thousandsofstudentsfiommiddleaiidhighschoolsacrossthecoimtiyhavecommittedthemselvestoextia

studyhoursastheypreparetocompeteintheDepartmentofEnergy's(DOE,s)34thNationalScienceBowl®

(NSB).Thesestudentsarehaidatworknowtowinthen,regionalconqjetitions,hopingtoadvancetothefilial

competition.

ThefirstregionaleventwilltakeplaceonJanuary13thwithhighschoolsfiomtheDC./Marylandarea.

Teamswillfaceoffuiafast-paced,question-aiid-answerfbiniat,andtheirknowledgeinallareasofscienceand

matlieniaticswillbetested.Regionalswillcontinueweeklyuntilniid-Mairh.

ThewinningteamfromeachqualifyuigregionalcompetitionwillbequalifiedtocompeteintheNational

FinalstobeheldmWaslungton,D.C.,60mApnl25-29,2024,witliallexpensespaidbyDOE.Tlienationalevent

consistsofseveraldaysofscienceactmtiesandsightseemg,alongwiththecompetitions.

hitheNationalFinals,thetoptwoteamswillearnS5,000fortheirschools23*5mathaiidsciencedepartments.

Schoolsi-aiikinginthetop16willreceive$1,000fortheirsciencedepartments.Buttomany,theultimateprizeis

sunplythehonorofwinningtheNationalChampionship.

Today,theNSBannuallydrawsmorethan10,000middleandhighschoolcompetitors.Sincethefirst

competitionin1991,approxunately344,000studentshavefacedoffintheNSBFinals.The2024coi叩etitorswill

followinthefootstepsofpreviousNSBcontestantsandwillblazeatrailfbrstudentsinscience,math,and

engmeeruig.Formoreinfoimation,pleasexisittheOfficeofSciencewebsite.

1.Whichwordcanbestdescnbetheregionalcompetitions?

A.FairBInterestingC.Special.D.Challenging

2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNationalFmals?

AThechampionshipvictoryishighlyvalued.

BTheeventonlyinvolvesfiercecompetitions.

C.MostoftheexpenseswillbecoveredbyDOE.

D.Thepnzemoneywillbeawardedtoindividuals.

3.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsrelease.B.Asurveyreport.

C.Alearningproject.D.Ascientificreview.

【答案】ID2.A3.A

【解析】

第3页/共23页

【导语】本文是新闻报道。这篇文章报道了即将举行的第34届全国科学碗比赛的相关信息，包括参赛学

生的准备情况、区域赛事的口期和形式、全国总决赛的口期和地点、奖项设置等。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“ThefirstregionaleventwilltakeplaceonJanuary13thwithlughschookfiomtheD

C.,,Maiylandarea.Teamswillfaceoffmafast-paced,question-and-answerformat,andtheirknowledgeinall

areasofscienceandmathematicswillbetested.（第一场地区性活动将于1月13口在华盛顿特区/马里兰地区

的高中举行。参赛队伍将以快节奏的问答形式进行对决，他们在所有科学和数学领域的知识都将受到考

验）”可知，他们在所有科学和数学领域的知识都将受到考验，所以具有挑战性最能形容地区比赛。故选D

项。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"IntheNationalFinals,tlietoptwoteamswilleam$5,000fbrtlieirschools'

matliandsciencedepartments.Schoolsrankinginthetop16willreceive$1,000fbrtlieirsciencedepartmentsBut

tomany,theultimatepnzeissimplythehonorofwinningtheNationalChampionship.（在全国总决赛中，前两名

的队伍将为他们学校的数学和科学部门赢得5000美元。排名前16位的学校将获得1000美元的科学系奖

励。但对许多人来说，最终的奖励只是赢得全国冠军的荣誉）”可知，全国总决赛冠军的胜利是非常重要

的。故选A项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Today,theNSBannuallydrawsmorethan10,000middleandhighschool

competitors.Sincethefustcompetitionui1991,approxunately344,000studentshavefacedoffintheNSBFinals.

The2024competitorswillfollowinthefootstepsofpreviousNSBcontestantsandwillblazeatiailforstudentsin

science,math,andengineermg.Formoreinfbnnation,pleasevisittheOfficeofSciencewebsite”（如今，NSB每年

吸引超过1万名中学生和高中生参赛。自1991年首届比赛以来，大约有344万名学生参加了NSB决赛。

2024年的参赛者将跟随以前NSB参赛者的脚步，为科学、数学和工程方面的学生开辟一条道路。欲了解

更多信息，请访问科学办公室网站）”以及纵观全文可知，本文报道了即将举行的第34届全国科学碗比赛

的相关信息，包括参赛学生的准备情况、区域赛事的口期和形式、全国总决赛的口期和地点、奖项设置

等，所以应是一篇新闻稿。故选A项。

B

hitheeaily19thcentury,NewEnglandfarmers,tiredofwrestlingwiththeirpoorland,joimieyedtothe

Midwest.InstateslikeIllinoisandIowa,tlieyfbundrich,blacksoil.Unfortunately,manysoonfeltlikethirsty

sailorsinthemiddleoftheocean—watereverywherebutnotadroptodiiiik.Theyweresunoundedbyfertilesoil,

buthadtostopeveryfewsecondstoremovethestickydirtofftheirironplows（犁）withlargewoodenpaddles.

第4页/共23页

ThisdilemmacaughttheattentionofJohnDeere,ablacksmithwhomovedtoIllinoisin1836.

Deeredecidedtolookintotheproblem.Fromluspreviouswoikonplows,heknewthatdirtwaslesslikelyto

sticktohighlypolishedmetal.Thatthoughtwasinthebackofhismindwhenhevisitedasawmill（锯木厂）in

1837andnoticedabrokensawmadeofsteel.Deerebroughtithomeandbeganmakingabetterplow.Theplowhe

wantedwouldhavetocutdeepmtothesoilatashaipanglesotliatdirtwouldfalloff,yetitcouldnotputtoomuch

biudenonthehorsespullingit.Afterseveralexpemnents,Deereconstructedanewplowthatfeatuiedwood

liaiidles.Itprovedasuccess.Unliketheoldironplows,Deere7snotonlyhadabladefiomwhichdirtfellaway

cleanly,butitalsoturnedthesoilmoreefficientlyandquickly.

DemandforDeere'splowsincreasedsharply,butproductionwaslimitedbytheshortageofpolishedsteel.

Initially,Deerecouldonlyproduceafewplowseachyear.However,Deere'spersistencepaidoffashesoiuced

cheapersteelfromPittsbuigh.Amazingly,m1857,hiscompanymanufacturedandsold10,000plows!

Deere,aperfectionist,contmuallyunprovedhisplows,mtioducingmultiplenewversionsmasingleyear.

Whilethissloweddownhisproductionability,itensuredDeereasolidreputationamonghiscustomers.Deere

plowsbecameworldfamousmthe1870swhentheyoutshonethecompetitionmademonstrationinFrance.That

samedecade,hiscompanybuiltitsfirstndingplowanddesignedtheleapmgdeerasitstrademark.

4.Whatwasthemamproblemthenewlysettledfannersmet?

A.Ashortageoffreshwater.B.Alackofrichfanningland.

C.Thetroubleinhandlingthesoilonplows.D.Thedifficultyofgrowingplantsinseason.

5.Whichaspectofthenewplowdoesparagraph2focuson?

A.Itsmuquefeatures.B.Itsoperatingmethod.

C.Itsinventionprocess.D.Itsworkingefi&ciency.

6.Thelastpai,agraphismainlyaboutDeereplows'.

A.widerecognitionB.marketingstrategy

C.technicalstandaidsD.productionchallenges

7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitlefbrtlietext?

A.AFamedFannerB.ASuccessfulConq）any

C.AStickyProblemD.AHistoricalExperiment

【答案】4C5.C6.A7.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了19世纪初期，新英格兰的农民迁移到中西部地区寻找肥沃的土地进

第5页/共23页

行耕作，但遇到了土壤粘附铁犁的问题，铁匠约翰迪尔发明了一种新犁来解决这一难题。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"Unfortunately,manysoonfeltlikethirstysailoreinthemiddleoftheocean_water

everywherebutnotadioptodrink.Tlieyweresurroundedbyfertilesoil,buthadtostopeveryfewsecondsto

removethestickydirtofftheirironplows（犁）withlaigewoodenpaddles.（不幸的是，许多人很快就觉得自己像

站在海洋中央的口渴的水手——到处都是水，却没有一滴可喝的。他们周围都是肥沃的土壤，但每隔几秒

钟就得停下来，用大木桨清除铁犁上的粘性泥土）”可知，新定居的农民遇到的主要问题是处理犁上的泥土

很麻烦。故选C项。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段**Deeredecidedtolookintotheproblem.Fromhispreviousworkonplows,heknew

thatdirtwaslesslikelytosticktohighlypolishedmetalTliatthoughtwasinthebackofliismindwhenhevisited

asawmill（锯木厂）m1837andnoticedabrokensawmadeofsteel.Deerebroughtithomeandbeganmakuiga

betterplow.Theplowhewantedwouldhavetocutdeepuitothesoilatasharpanglesothatdirtwouldfalloff,yet

itcouldnotputtoomuchburdenonthehorsespullingit.Afterseveralexperiments,Deereconstmctedanewplow

thatfeaturedwoodhandles.Itprovedasuccess.Unliketheoldironplows,Deere'snotonlyhadabladefromwhich

dirtfellawaycleanly,butitalsoturnedthesoilmoreefficientlyandquickly.（迪尔决定调查这个问题。从他之前

对犁的研究中，他知道泥土不太可能粘在高度抛光的金属上。当他在1837年参观一家锯木厂时，注意到

一把断了的钢锯时，这种想法就在他的脑海里。迪尔把它带回家，开始制作更好的犁。他想要的犁必须以

一个尖锐的角度深深地切入土壤，这样泥土才能掉下来，但它不能给拉它的马带来太大的负担。经过几次

实验，迪尔制造了一种以木柄为特色的新犁。它被证明是成功的。与老式的铁制犁不同，迪尔的犁不仅有

一个可以干净地清除泥土的刀片，而且还能更有效、更迅速地翻土）”可知，本段关注的是新犁的发明过

程。故选C项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段"Deere,aperfectionist,continuallyimprovedhisplows,introducmgmultiplenew

versionsinasingleyear.Whilethissloweddownhisproductionability,itensuredDeereasolidreputationamong

luscustomers.Deereplowsbecameworldfamousinthe1870swhentheyoutshonethecompetitionina

demonstrationinFrance.Thatsamedecade,hiscompanybuiltitsfirstndingplowanddesignedtheleapuigdeeras

itstrademark.（迪尔是个追求完美的人，他不断改进自己的犁，一年之内就推出了多个新版本。虽然这降低

了他的生产能力，但却确保了迪尔在客户中树立了良好的声誉。19世纪70年代，迪尔的犁在法国的一次

演示中脱颖而出，从此名扬世界。在同一十年里，他的公司制造了第一辆乘坐式犁，并设计了跳跃的鹿作

为其商标）”可知，本段主要讲述了迪尔犁获得广泛的认可。故选A项。

第6页/共23页

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“Intheearly19thcentuiyNewEnglandfarmers,tuedof^Testlingwiththeirpoor

land,joiuneyedtotlieMidwest.InstateslikeIllinoisandIowa,theyfoundnch,blacksoil.Unfortunately,many

soonfeltlikethii'stysailorsinthemiddleoftheocean-watereverywherebutnotadioptodniik.Theywere

siuToundedbyfertilesoil,buthadtostopeveryfewsecondstoremovethestickydirtofftheirironplows（犁）with

laigewoodenpaddles.ThisdilemmacaughttheattentionofJohnDeere,ablacksmithwhomovedtoHlinoisin

183609世纪初，新英格兰的农民厌倦了与贫瘠的土地作斗争，来到中西部。在伊利诺斯州和爱荷华州，

他们发现了肥沃的黑土。不幸的是，许多人很快就觉得自己像站在海洋中央的口渴的水手——到处都是

水，却没有一滴可喝的。他们周围都是肥沃的土壤，但每隔几秒钟就得停下来，用大木桨清除铁犁上的粘

性泥土。这种困境引起了1836年搬到伊利诺斯州的铁匠约翰迪尔的注意）”以及纵观全文可知，本文讲述

了19世纪初期，新英格兰的农民迁移到中西部地区寻找肥沃的土地进行耕作，但遇到了土壤粘附铁犁的

问题，铁匠约翰迪尔发明了一种新犁来解决这一难题，所以C项“AStickyProblem（棘手的问题）”是本文

最好的标题。故选C项。

C

Fivetimesstiongertliaiisteel,spidersilk'suniquequalitieswererecognizedbytheAncientGreeks-and

morerecently,scientistshavelookedatapplicationsfrommedicmetoengmeenng.Now,aJapanesestartup,Spiber,

hasbeguntochangethetextileindustrywiththisremarkablematerial.

Thecompanystalledbymakingasubstituteinthelabthatissimilai,tospidersilkmstructure.Afterstudying

thousandsofdifferentspiderspeciesandothersilk-producmglifefbnns,Spibersuccessfullyproducedan

alternativetospidersilk.Thisbreakthioughwasachievedbyfermenting（发酵）amixtiueofwater,sugar,and

nutrientswithspecialmicrobestoproduceproteinpolymers（聚合物）.Thesepolymersaretlienmadeintofibers,

pavmgthewayfbrarangeofumovativefabrics.

However,shiftingfromlabtopracticalapplicationpresentedchallenges.Ill2015,SpiberpartneredwithTlie

NorthFaceJapantoproducealimited-editionrunof50"NloonParka11jacketstocelebratethe50thanniversaryof

themoonlandings.Butdiumgthedesignprocess,theteamdiscoveredthatspidersilkbecamesmallerwhen

exposedtowater,andhadtotransformtheprotemtomakethefibersuitablefbranoutdoorjacket,whichtookthem

fouryearstoperfect.

Ciinently,thecompanyusessugarcaneandcomfbritsfennentationprocess-ciopsthatuselai'gevolumesof

landandchangefoodresources.Toreduceitsenx^roiinientalmipact,Spiberisdevelopmgaprocesscalled

“biospherecirculation"thatwilltransfbrmdesertedclothesmadefromnatuialniatenalslikecottonintothesugars

neededforfennentation.

第7页/共23页

Withapproxunately100billionyen($783million)inftinding,Spiberplanstosignificantlyspeedupits

productionofprotempolymersbytheendof2025.tcMassproductionwillhelpbruigthepnceoffibersdownand

allowSpibertoexpandbeyondthehigli-enddesignerniaiketandtliuswehavethemeanstocreatesolutionsto

enablemorecirculai'fashion,55saysHigashi,headofbusinessdevelopmentatSpiber."It'sourmissiontobang

thosesolutionstotlieworld.n

8.WhatbreakthroughdidSpiberachieveintheearlyreseaich?

A.Itmixedvariousprotempolymers.B.Itproducedasilkmakuigmachine.

C.Itidentifieddifferentspiderspecies.D.Itcreatedareplacementfbrspidersilk.

9Whatwasthechallengeinmakingthe“NloonPal'ka^^jackets?

A.Highdesigncosts.B.Spidersilk'ssensitivitytowater.

C.Limitedrawmaterials.D.Thepartner'sunwillingnesstohelp.

10.WliatcanweknowaboutSpiber5s“biospherecirculation“process?

A.Itwillreplacetheciinentfemientationprocess.

B.Itwilluserecycledmaterialsfbrneededsugars.

C.ItMillpromotethedevelopmentoffoodmdiistiy

DItwillsunplifytheprocedureofclothingproduction.

11.WhatisSpiber'splan?

A.Toraisemoremoneyfbrmassproduction.B.Toincreasetheoutputofproteinpolymers.

C.Toworkwithotherhigli-endfashionbrands.D.Todevelopawideirangeofexpensivefibers.

【答案】8.D9.B10B11.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了一家口本初创公司Spibei•如何利用蜘蛛丝这种独特材料来改变纺织

业，以及他们在实现这一目标过程中所面临的挑战和取得的进展。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Thecompanystartedbymakingasubstituteinthelabthatissimilartospidersilkin

structure.Afterstudyingthousandsofdifferentspiderspeciesandothersilk-producinglifefbnns,Spiber

siiccessftillyproducedanalternativetospidersilk(该公司首先在实验室制造了一种结构类似蜘蛛丝的替代

品。在研究了数千种不同的蜘蛛种类和其他产丝的生命形式后，Spiber成功地生产出了蜘蛛丝的替代品)”

可知，Spiber在早期研究中创造了蜘蛛丝的替代品。故选D项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“In2015,SpiberpaitneredwithTheNorthFaceJapantoproducealimited-editionrun

第8页/共23页

of50"MoonParka11jacketstocelebratethe50thanniversaryofthemoonlandings.Butduringthedesignprocess,

theteamdiscoveredthatspidersilkbecamesmallerwhenexposedtowater,andhadtotransfbnntheproteinto

makethefibersuitableforailoutdoorjacket,whichtookthemfburyeai'stopeiiect.（2015年»Spiber与TheNoitli

FaceJapan合作，推出了限量版的50件“MoonParka”，以庆祝人类登月50周年。但在设计过程中，研

究小组发现，蜘蛛丝遇水会变小，他们必须将蛋白质转化为适合户外夹克的纤维，这花了他们四年的时间

来完善）”可知，制作"MoonParka"的挑战是蜘蛛丝对水的敏感性。故选B项。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"Toreduceitsenvironmentalimpact,Spiberisdevelopingaprocesscalled

""biospherecl^culatlon^^thatwilltransfdrmdesertedclothesmadefromnaturalmatenalslikecottonintothesugars

neededfbr企rmentatioiL（为了减少对环境的影响，Spibei•正在开发一种名为“生物圈循环”的工艺，将废弃

的衣服（由棉花等天然材料制成）转化为发酵所需的糖）”可知，Spiber的“生物圈循环”过程，将使用回收

材料生产所需的糖。故选B项。

【11题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段"Withapproxunately100billionyen（$783million）infimding,Spiberplansto

significantlyspeedupitsproductionofproteinpolymersbytheendof2025.（Spiber获得了约1000亿口元（7.83

亿美元）的资金，计划在2025年底前大幅加快其蛋白质聚合物的生产速度）”可知，Spiber的计划是增加蛋

白质聚合物的产量。故选B项。

D

Wheninstantcakemixesfirstappearedmthe1950s,Americanhousewivesweredoubtful.Thesemixes,

pronusmgeasycake-baking,felttooeasy.Themanufacturersdiscoveredthatrequiringtheadditionofanegginthe

bakingprocesswasjustenoughtomakethehousewiveshappywiththeirwork.Tliegi-eatersenseofeffortgamed

fromalittleextralaborisbelievedtohavebeenessentialtothelatersuccessofthecakemix.

ThisreflectstheIKEAe任ect（宜家效应），whichisidentifiedbypsychologistMichaelI.Nortonandhis

colleagues,suggestingweplacegreatervalueontilingswehaveworkedtocreate.Theyconductedfourstudiesm

whichtheyaskedparticipantstofoldpapercranesandfrogs,assembleIKEAboxes,andbuildsetsofLegos.They

thenaskedthebuilderstobid（出价）fortheircieations,andcompaiedthepuceswithbidsfrompeoplewhohadn't

builtthem.Tliebuildersconsistentlyoutbidthenon-builders.

Interestmgly,tlieIKEAeffectwoiksevenwhenpeoplehavenoopportunitytofullypersonalizetheir

creations.Wlulemostparticipants7foldmgskillsleftmuchtobedesned,theylovedtheirimperfectlypersonalized

productsallthemore.Buildersvaluedtheirwrinkledcrane-likecreationsneailyfivetimesasmuchasnon-

builders.Beauty、itseems,isintheeyenfthebuilder.

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Today,ascitiesaresuffenngfiomseverehousingcrises,theIKEAeffectcangiveusinsightintothewell-

beingbenefitsofaself-buildmgapproachtohousingdevelopment.ProjectslikeWikiHouseandthe"halEa-house”

approachpioneeredbyAlejandroAravena'sarchitecturecompanyElementalareworkingtomakehousingmore

affordableandsustainablebymakingiteasierforpeopletobuildandpersonalizetlieirownhomes.

“Themomentpeopleareinvolvedwiththeirbuiltenvironment,theyhaveatotallydifierentrelationshiptoit,“

WikiHouseco-fbiinderAlastau,Paivmexplained."Whentheroofstartsleakingoradoorstartscreaking,theyhave

thepowertofixitthemselves.

12.Wliatbroughtcustomersthejoyofcake-bakuigaccordmgtopaiagraph1?

AAbettertaste.B.Aneasyapproach.

C.Adetailedrecipe.D.Anadditionaleffort.

13.Wliatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3imply?

A.Creationsai,ebasedonskills.B.Extralaborincreasesperceivedvalue.

C.Beautyisfoundthioughcontiast.D.Stnctmanagementbimgsgoodquality.

14.WliatisAlastairParvin'sattitudetowardspublicinvolvementinhousing?

A.Cntical.BObjective.C.Doubtfill.D.Supportive.

15.Whafstheprnposeofthistext?

ATopromoteabrand.BTomakeaproposal.

C.Toexplainaconcept.D.Tointroduceastudy.

【答案】12.D13.B14D15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。本文通过讨论宜家效应以及几个实验研究的结果，论述了人们更加珍视自己亲手

创造的东西，并由此引发了对自我建造住房的好处的思考。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"Themaiiufactiuersdiscoveredthatrequiringtheadditionofanegginthebaking

processwasjustenoughtomakethehousewiveshappywiththeirwork.Thegreatersenseofeffortgamedfioma

littleextralaborisbelievedtohavebeenessentialtothelatei*successoftliecakemix.（制造商发现，在烘焙过程

中加入一个鸡蛋就足以让主妇们对自己的工作感到满意。从一点点额外的劳动中获得的更大的努力感被认

为是蛋糕粉后来成功的关键）”可知，额外的努力给顾客带来了蛋糕烘焙的乐趣。故选D项。

【13题详解】

词句猜测题o根据前文“Interestingly,theIKEAeffectworksevenwhenpeoplehavenoopportunitytofiilly

personalizetheircreations.Whilemostparticipants'foldingskillsleftmuchtobedesued,theylovedtheir

第10页/共23页

imperfectlypersonalizedproductsallthemore.Buildersvaluedtheirwrinkledcrane-likecreationsneailyfivetimes

asmuchasnon-builders.（有趣的是，即使人们没有机会完全个性化他们的作品，宜家效应也会起作用。虽然

大多数参与者的折叠技巧还有很多不足之处，但他们更喜欢自己不完美的个性化产品。建筑商对他们皱巴

巴的像起重机一样的创造物的估价几乎是非建筑商的五倍）”可知，本段主要讲述额外的劳动会让参与者更

喜欢自己的作品，所以Beauty,itseems,ismtheeyeofthebuilder.意为“额外的劳动增加了感知价值”。故

选B项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“"Themomentpeopleareinvolvedwiththeirbuiltenvironment,theyhaveatotally

differentrelationshiptoit,“WikiHouseco-founderAlastairParvinexplained.ctWlientheroofstartsleakingora

doorstai-tscreaking,theyhavethepowertofixitUiemselves/'CWikiHouse的联合创始人AlastairParvin解释

说：“当人们参与到他们的建筑环境中时，他们与环境的关系就完全不同了。”“当屋顶开始漏水或门开

始吱吱作响时，他们有能力自己修理。可知，AlastairParvin认为公众参与住房建设，他们与环境的

关系就完全不同了，所以是持支持的态度。故选D项。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“ThisreflectstheIKEAeffect（宜家效应）,whichisidentifiedbypsychologist

MichaelLNortonandhiscolleagues,suggestingweplacegreatervalueonthingswehaveworkedtocreate.Tliey

conductedfburstudiesmwhichtheyaskedparticipantstofoldpapercranesandfrogs,assembleIKEAboxes,and

buildsetsofLegos.Theythenaskedthebuilderstobid（出价）fortheii-creations,andcompaiedthepriceswith

bidsfiompeoplewhohadn'tbuiltthemThebuildersconsistentlyoutbidthenon-builders.（这反映了心理学家迈

克尔f・诺顿（MichaelINorton）及其同事发现的宜家效应（IKEAeffect）,即我们更看重自己努力创造的东西。

他们进行了四项研究，要求参与者折叠纸鹤和青蛙，组装宜家盒子，搭建乐高积木.然后，他们要求建筑

商为他们的作品出价，并将价格与没有建造这些作品的人的出价进行比较。建筑商的出价始终高于非建筑

商）”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要解释什么是宜家效应（IKEAeffect）,所以本文的目的是解释一个概念。

故选C项。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项.

IrunalotofwritingworkshopsinsecondaiyschoolsandwhatIoftenseeisthis:teenagersinclassjustlook

attheblankpageandfreeze.EvenwhenIassurethemtheycan'tgetitwrongmcreativewriting,tlieystillpause

andfeelpamfiil,lookingtomeforclearanddefiniteuistructions.Thisbehaviorresultsfromtlien,trauungtonuinic

（模仿）.16Intune,theyaietemfiedofgettingthingswrongandaskingfailure.Creativityisnolonger

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advocatedandisevenviewedasasoftskill,orevenaweakness.

However,creativityishighlyvaluedbyenq）loyers.AccordingtoTheConversation,creativityhasbeenthe

number-oneskilldemandedby20imllionjobadsonLinkedlnfortwoyeai,sinarow.17Duetolimited

educationalresoiuvesandassessmentpressures,teenagers5thuikingbecomesincreasinglynarrow,leavingthem

afiaidtoexploreotlierpossibilities.

18Ifsjustanabilitytomakenewconnectionsandfollowwheretheygo.Actually,creativityrequues

qualitiesavailabletousall:courage,observation,cunosity,flexibilityandperseverance.

Sohowdowehelpteenagersbehopefillandbtave?Firstly,weneedtoavoidtheideathattheirentnefutures

dependonthisveryassignmentorthatdecision.19Thereisnonglitwaytolivealife.Secondly,lefs

encouragemquiry.Childienarenatui'allycunoiis,buttinscmiosityoftenfadesastheygrowolder,althoughitstill

existswithinthem.Justbecausetheylackanswersdoesn'tmeantheyshouldn'taskquestions;rather,theyshould

askevenmore.20