高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第二册课件Unit4ExploringliteratureGrammarandusage

牛津译林版高中英语必修二课件

Unit4Exploringliterature

Grammarandusage

Modal[ˈməʊdl]verbs◆ 内容分析本板块围绕单元话题，首先在有关“如何选书”的语篇中观察、探究情态动词can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、oughtto等在文中的使用，归纳出情态动词的核心规则；再通过句子、语篇两个层面的巩固练习，内化情态动词的相关知识；最后运用所学，准确、恰当、得体地使用情态动词，完成提建议、制订规章制度等任务，实现“形式—意义—使用”三者的统一。◆ 教学目标Bytheendofthissection,wewillbeableto:1.identifyandcategorize(将…分类；把…加以归类)[ˈkætəɡəraɪz]theusageofmodalverbs;2.summarizegeneralrulesofmodalverbs;3.distinguishandusetherightmodalverbstofinishtasksofofferingsuggestionsandmakingrules.A.Exploringtherules

1.Belowisawebsitearticleabouthowtochoosebooks.Readthewebsitearticleonpage48andcompletethemindmapbelow.

Developyourowntaste.Askfriends,parentsandteacherstorecommendbooks.Readbookreviewsinnewspapers,inmagazinesoronline.Lookforbooksontopicsthatinterestyou.2.Readthearticlecarefullyandunderstandit.“WhatshallIread?”Youmighthaveaskedyourselfthisquestionmorethanonce.Ifyouarenotsurewhattoread,youcangetideasfromdifferentsources,butitisalsoimportanttodevelopyourowntaste

(爱好；志趣;鉴赏力；欣赏力).

Tostartwith,askyourfriends,parentsandteacherstorecommendwhatbooksyououghttoread.Mostpeoplewillbehappytosharetheirfavouritebookswithothers.Teachersinparticularcanprovidesuggestionsforinterestingreadingmaterialsthatcanbefoundinthelibraryorbookshopeasily.Youcouldalsoreadbookreviews(评论)innewspapers,inmagazinesoronline.Abookreviewcanoftentellyouwhetherabookisworthreadingornot.Theseideasshouldpointyouintherightdirection.However,youmustalsodecideforyourselfwhatkindofbookstoread.Youdonothavetoreadabookjustbecauseeveryonerecommendsit.Instead,lookforbooksontopicsthatinterestyou.Taketimetolookthroughthecollectionsindifferentsectionsofyourlocallibrary,andyouarelikelytocomeacrossbooksyoulovetoread.Overtime,youmayfindyourselfbetterabletoseekout(挑选出；物色)bookstoyourtasteandenjoyreadingallthemore.3.Findthesentencesthatusemodalverbsandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.P48SuggestionWhatshallIread?Ability...youcangetideasfromdifferentsources...Youcouldalsoreadbookreviewsinnewspapers,inmagazinesoronline.Teachersinparticularcanprovidesuggestionsforinterestingreading.….materialsthatcanbefoundinthelibraryorbookshopeasily.Abookreviewcanoftentellyouwhetherabookisworthreadingornot.

Necessity[nəˈsesəti]Possibility...whatbooksyououghttoread.However,youmustalsodecideforyourselfwhatkindofbookstoread.Youdonothavetoreadabookjustbecauseeveryonerecommendsit.Youmighthaveaskedyourselfthisquestionmorethanonce.Theseideasshouldpointyouintherightdirection....youmayfindyourselfbetterabletoseekoutbookstoyourtaste...4.Finish“Workingouttherules”onpage48.Modalverbscanexpressabilityornecessity.Theycanalsomakesuggestionsordescribetheprobabilityofanevent.Thesamemodalverbcanhavedifferentfunctions.Modalverbscanbefollowedby______.*Youcanchoosemorethanoneanswerfortheblank.a,d,e,fa.do(thebaseform)b.doing(theverb-ingform)c.did(thepastform)d.bedone(thepassivevoice)e.bedoing(thecontinuousform)f.havedone(theperfectform)5.Gothroughgrammarnotesfrompage99to101.Giveexplanationsifnecessary.情态动词1)情态动词本身有一定的词义，通常与动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的看法或主观设想。常见的情态动词有：can,

could,

may,might,

must,

oughtto,

shall,should,

will和would。另外，dare,

need,

haveto和usedto也具有情态动词的某些特性。2)can与could表示能力（ability），意思相当于beableto。如：Jackcanswim.Myfathercouldstandonhishandswhenhewasyoung.注意：在一般过去时中，was/wereableto通常表示能做并且已经做了的事，could仅表示能力。如：Iwasabletoswimtothebankwhentheshipsank.Icouldlifttheheavybox.3)must与need表示必要性（necessity）。must意为“必须”，否定式mustn’t意为“不许”；need意为“需要”，否定式needn’t意为“不必”。如：Imustgonow.Youmustn’tforgetyourticket.Needwegorightnow?Youneedn’tdoitifyoudon’twantto.注意：haveto也有“必须”的含义，但侧重客观需求，有时态的变化，否定式是don’t/doesn’thaveto，意为“不必”，意思相当于needn’t。如：Wewillhavetothinkofanewplan.Youdon’thavetorun.4)can,could,

may与might表示许可（permission）。表示许可时，may多用于正式场合，could和might的语气更委婉些。如：Youcanusemypenifyoulike.Studentsmaynotbringtheirpetstoschool.Could/MightIborrowyourbike?5)can,

could,

may,

might与must表示可能性（possibility）。may,

might和could常用于肯定句，意为“可能”，must用于肯定句，意为“一定”；否定式may/mightnot意为“可能不”，can’t/couldn’t意为“不可能，肯定不”。如：Thatmay/might/couldbeagoodidea.Youmustbetiredafterthelongjourney.Theremaynotbeenoughmoneytopayforanewcar.Yourstorycan’t/couldn’tbetrue.注意：can表示可能性时，含“有时会”的意思。如：Thetemperatureherecanbeashighas37°C.6)should与oughtto表示义务（obligation）或建议（suggestion），意为“应该”。如：Theyshould/oughttobuildmorelibraries.注意：should与oughtto也可以表示主观判断，意思是“可能会，应该会”，相当于willprobably。如：Therainshould/oughttostopsoon.7)will与wouldA.表示习惯性动作（habit）。will表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯。如：Marywilllistentomusicforhoursinherroom.IwouldtakeawalkaftersupperwhenIwasyoung.B.表示意愿（willingness）。如：Thebabywon’tgotosleep.C.表示请求（request），would比will更委婉些。如：Wouldyougivemesomeadvice?注意：usedto也表示过去的习惯性动作，多用于非正式场合，往往指后来停止了的动作。否定形式是didn’tuseto或usednotto。如：Iusedtohaveabicycle,butIsoldit.Johndidn’tusetocomehere.DidMikeusetoreadnewspapers?8)shallA.在疑问句中，表示建议或征求意见。如：ShallIhelpyouwiththebox?B.表示承诺或要求。如：Youshallhavethemagazine.HeshalldoasItellhim.C.用于正式文件、法律、规章制度等，表示规定。如：Studentsshallnotusecalculatorsduringexams.9)dare与needdare和need作为情态动词，常用于疑问句和否定句中。这两个词也可以用作实义动词。如：Idarenotgotherealone.Ididn’tdaretosayaword.Nobodydaredtoaskanyquestions.Needwefinishtheworktoday?Youneedn’tworryaboutit.Youdon’tneedtocomeyourself.10)情态动词的进行式、完成式和被动式A.情态动词可以与主动词的进行式合用，表示某动作正在进行。如：Jackmaybereadinginthelibrary.B.情态动词可以与主动词的完成式合用，表示过去发生的动作。如：Tommusthavearrivedhomebynow.Youcan’thaveseenHenryyesterdaybecausehewasinLondon.C.情态动词可以与主动词的被动式合用。如：Theroadmaybeblocked.6.Readthefollowingdialogueandcompletethetablebelowit.A:MayIaskyouaquestion?B:Yes,please.A:Ifindithardtodecidewhattoread.Wouldyougivemesomeadvice?

B:Ofcourse,Iwill.Youcanaskyourteacher,classmatesorfriendsforrecommendations,gotobookshops,orreadbookreviews.A:Great!Thankyousomuch!SuggestionRequestWouldyougivemesomeadvice?PermissionWillingnessYoucanaskyourteacher...MayIaskyouaquestion?Ofcourse,Iwill.B.Applyingtherules1.FinishB1onpage49.B1.Forthefollowinggroupsofthreesentences,tick

(标记号；打上钩；打对号)thesentencewhichusesthemodalverbdifferentlyfromtheothertwo.1)a.CanIkeepthebookformorethantwoweeks?b.NickcanreadmoreinanafternoonthanIcaninaweek!c.CanMaryfinishWarandPeaceinamonth?√2)a.IamafraidImaybeunabletofinishthisnoveltoday.b.Itmaybedifficultforpeopletoagreeonwhatgoodliteratureis.c.Youmaygotothelibrarytomorrowafternoon,ifyouhavetime.√3)a.ImustfinishwritingthebookreviewandhanditinbeforeWednesday.b.Youmustbetiredafterthreehours’reading.c.Studentsmustdevelopthehabitofreadingclassicliterature.√4)a.Henryshouldbereadingbooksinthelibrary.b.Ihavefiftydollars—thatshouldbeenoughforthreebooks.c.ReadingEnglishnovelshasgreatlyincreasedmyvocabulary—youshouldtryittoo.√2.FinishB2onpage49,andthenanswertwoquestions.B2.Belowisanentryinastudent’sreadingjournal.Completetheentrywiththecorrectmodalverbsinthebrackets.WhenmyEnglishteachersuggestedthatIreadCharlesDickens’sAChristmasCarol[ˈkærəl](圣诞颂歌),Ithought,“I(1)

______(can’t/shouldn’t)readthis!It(2)

______(hasto/must)beveryboring!”Surprisingly,itturnedouttheexactopposite.I

(3)

_______(could/might)notstopturningthepages!can’tmustcouldThebook’smaincharacterisScrooge,arichbutmeanoldman.Hehatesallkindsofcelebrations.OnChristmasEve,heistransported(使身处他境)todifferentpointsinhislifebythreespirits(鬼魂,幽灵).Intheend,hereflectsonthesemomentsandrealizeshismistakes.Thenhedecidesthathe(4)

______(might/must)changehimself.mustOnChristmasmorning,hesendsalargeturkeytoapoormanforChristmasdinner.Healsotriestomakehisfamilyandfriendshappybyspendingtimewiththem.Thereissomethingthat(5)

____(can/must)belearntfromAChristmasCarol:we(6)

_______(should/may)treatotherswithkindness,generosityandlove.Ithinkeveryone(7)

_______(would/oughtto)readthisbook.canshouldoughtto(1)WhatdidthestudentthinkaboutDickens’bookatfirst?Thestudentdidn’tthinkhe/shewouldreadthebookbecausehe/shebelievedthatitwasveryboring.(2)Thenwhathappenedoncehe/shebeganreadingit?Itturnedouttobetheexactoppositetowhathe/shethoughtandhe/shecouldnotstopreadingthebook.3.FinishB3onpage49.B3.Inpairs,makerulesforyourschoollibraryusingmodalverbs.Usethefollowingexamplestohelpyou.Youmustnotbringfoodordrinks.Youcannottakethebooksoutofthereadingroom.Youmuststudyquietlyinthereadingroom.Youmustnoteatordrinkinthelibrary.Youcanusethecomputerstofindbooksinourlibrary.Youcanborrowtwobooksatatimeandkeepthemforaslongastwoweeks.4.Discusshowtosolveyourproblemsofreadingliteratureandrole-playaconversationfollowingtheexamplebelow.Remembertousethemodalverbscorrectly.Example:A:IhavesomedifficultproblemsinreadingEnglishliterature.Wouldyougivemesomeadvice?B:Ofcourse,Iwill.What’sthematter?A:IfindthattheworksofEnglishliteratureareoftentoodifficult.Whats