2024广东省广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题（一）英语及答案

★启用前注意保密试卷类型：A2024年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题（一）英语本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案卷上。3.准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASomebeachesareperfectforrelaxing,whileothersofferactivitieslikehikingandwatersports.Visitthesebeautifulbeachesforanunforgettablevacation.CannonBeachIfyourperfectbeachvacationspotfeaturespostcard-worthysceneryandpeace,looknofurtherthanCannonBeach.InthisPacificNorthwesttown,youcanevenbuildafireonthebeachtorelaxbesidewhilewatchingthesunset.Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.HorseshoeBayBeachForaone-of-a-kindbeachexperience,headtoHorseshoeBayBeachonBermuda’sSouthShore.Knownforitspinksand,thisbeachisapopulardestinationforfamilieslookingtoplayinthecalmblue-greenwatersandbuildblush-coloredsandcastles.Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheself-guidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.英语试题（第1页，共10页）MoheganBluffsThisbeachisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty.Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.Then,takethe141stepsdowntothesandtosunbathe.Afterthat,climbbackuptovisittheSoutheastLightforanup-closeviewofits18th-centurylighthouse.SouthBeachThistropicaldistrictonFlorida’sAtlanticCoastisworld-renownedforitspowderywhitesand.AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehigh-risebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.21.WhatsimilaritydoCannonBeachandHorseshoeBayBeachshare?A.Thechancetocyclearound.C.Theuniquewatersports.B.Theirlivelyartisticscene.D.Theirdistinctivesandcolor.22.WhoismostlikelyattractedtoMoheganBluffs?A.Thoseseekingwatersports.B.Fansofmodernlighthouses.D.Enthusiastsofmountainclimbing.C.Thoseinterestedinlocalculture.23.WhatsetsSouthBeachapartfromtherestoftheMiamiBeacharea?A.Itsbeachsand.C.Itsoceandrive.B.Itsarchitecturalstyle.D.Itshigh-risebuildings.BYouarewhatyouthink.Whateveryouaredoingrightnowisdeterminedbyyourthinking.Allyouremotionsanddesiresareinfluencedbyyourthinking.Theproblemisthatwhenyouarenotawareofyourthinking,youhavenochanceofcorrectingitifitispoor.Whenthinkingissubconscious,youareinnopositiontoseeanyproblemsinit.And,ifyoudon’tseeanyproblemsinit,youwon’tbemotivatedtochangeit.What’sworse,fewpeoplerealizethepowerfulrolethatthinkingplaysintheirlives,sotheydon’tgainsignificantcommandofit.Asaresult,mostpeopleareinmanywaysvictimsoftheirthinking.Consideryoursuccessasastudent.Thesinglemostsignificantvariableindeterminingyoursuccessasastudentisthequalityofyourthinking.Yourinstructorswillplayaroleinyourlearning,buteventhebestteacherscannotgetintoyourheadandlearnforyou.Ifyoulacktheintellectualskillsnecessaryforthinkingwellthroughcoursecontent,youwillnotbesuccessfulinschool.英语试题（第2页，共10页）Hereisthekeyquestionweareputtingtoyouinthisbook.Ifthequalityofaperson’sthinkingisthesinglemostsignificantdeterminantofbothhappinessandsuccess,whynottakethetimetolearnfromthebestthinkers?Thisbookwillinformyouofthetoolsthatthebestthinkersuseandwillillustratetheactivitiesandpracticeyoucanusetobegintoemulatethem,andtakecontrolofyourdestinyasathinker.Eachchapterfocusesonadifferentaspectofthesethinkingaids,helpingyoudiscoverthepowerofyourownmindandofyourpotentialtothinksystematicallyaboutyourthinking.Thisbook,asawhole,introducesyoutothetoolsofmindthatwillhelpyoureasonwellthroughvariouschallengesyouface.Ifyoutaketheseideasseriouslyandpracticeusingthem,youcanimprovethequalityofyourthinkingandultimately,thequalityofyourlife.24.Whydomanypeoplelackmotivationtochangetheirpoorthinking?A.Theyarevictimsofemotions.B.Theyareunawareoftheneed.C.Theythinkhighlyofthemselves.D.Theylacktheacademicguidance.25.Whatplaysthemostcrucialroleinschoolsuccess?A.Thecoursecontent.B.Theschoolenvironment.C.Thecommitmentofteachers.D.Thequalityofanindividual’sthinking.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emulate”meaninparagraph4?A.Makefriendswith.B.Winover.C.Followtheexampleof.D.Lookupto.27.Thebookisorganizedaccordingto________.A.typesoflifechallengesB.varietiesofthinkingtoolsD.ideasofdifferentthinkersC.determinantsoflifevalueCHumanhistoryisfullofhorsestorieslikeguidingcowboyshomeonfoggynightsandtakingwoundedsoldiersthroughbattlezones.SuchsensibleandhighlytrainedhorsesmadeElinaJatel,acomputerscientistandroboticist,thinkofrobots.“Ahorsethatcantakeariderhomeonitsownwouldbethehighestlevelofautonomy,”Jatelsays.“Youtrustthemwithyourlife.”Shewasdrawntolearninghowsuchrelationshipsformandifitcouldhelpimprovehuman-robotinteractions.英语试题（第3页，共10页）Forayear,Jatelengagedherselfinthehorseworld.Shewatchedclassesinhorsetraining,andshealsotalkedwithstudents,instructors,trainersandhorseowners.Alongtheway,Jatelevenlearnedtoride.Horseslearnsignalsfromtheirtrainersonhowtocomfortablyinteractwithpeople.People,too,mustlearntheirpart.Ridersmustlearnwhatahorsewantsorfeelsbasedonitsbehavior,andwhatsignalstousetodirecthorsestoperformindesiredways.Jatelfoundsomesimilarities,here,toworkingwithrobots.Peoplemustlearnhowtodirectrobotstodospecifictasks.Theyalsomustlearnwhattodowhenrobotsdon’tperformasplanned.Thegoalistoprogramrobotsthatwillrespondpredictablytoinputsfrompeople.Butlikehorses,autonomousrobotsalsoshouldbeabletorespondontheirownasconditionschange.Forexample,aself-drivingcarmuststoptoavoidhittingsomething,evenifsomehumanmistakenlytellsittokeepgoing.Trainersandridersworkwithhorsestobuildrespect.Horsesshowthatrespectbymatchingtheirpacetoahumanorgivingsomeonewhoisleadingthemasafedegreeofpersonalspace.Trainersbegintheirworkwithahorsebygettingthemtoshowsignsofrespectinbasicinteractions,Jatelsays.Later,trainerswilldevelopmorecomplexinteractions.Gradually,ahorse’srespectcangrowintotrust.Butthattrustisnotgiven.Andtheremaybeasimilarlimitationwithrobots.Whatwoulditmeanforrobotsandpeopletorespectandtrusteachother?Fornow,sheadds,thisislargelyunchartedterritory.Butshe’slookingtobuildapath.28.WhatdrewElinaJatel’sattentiontohorses?A.Horses’amazingperformance.C.Horse-humaninterdependence.B.Longhistoryofhorsetraining.D.Herhorse-ridingexperience.29.Whataretherobotsofthehighestautonomydesignedtodo?A.Toactlikerealhorses.B.Toshowrespecttohumans.C.Tofollowinstructionsfromhumans.D.Tomakeindependentandsensibledecisions.30.WhatwillJatel’sfutureresearchmostprobablyfocuson?A.Thelimitationsofrobots.B.Trustbetweenrobotsandhumans.C.Pathtowardhigherrobotefficiency.D.Similaritiesbetweenhorsesandrobots.英语试题（第4页，共10页）31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HistoryofHuman-HorseRelationshipB.SecretsofHuman-AnimalInteractionsC.TheRoleofTrustinHuman-RobotPartnershipsD.HorsesastheInspirationforAutonomousRobotsDWhenwerecallamemory,webringbackspecificdetailsaboutit.Butweoftenalsoexperienceavividfeelingofrememberingtheevent.Memoryresearcherscalltheseprocessesobjectiveandsubjectivememory.Anewstudyshowstheycanfunctionindependentlyandinvolvedifferentpartsofthebrain.“Thestudydistinguishesbetweenhowwellwerememberandhowwellwethinkweremember,andshowsthatdecisionmakingdependsprimarilyonthesubjectiveevaluationofmemoryevidence,”sayspsychologistDenisGuetta.Theresearcherstestedobjectiveandsubjectivememory.Aftershowingvolunteersaseriesofimagesofcommonobjects,theresearchersshowedthempairsofimagesandaskedthemtodeterminewhichofthetwotheyhadseenbefore.Theywereaskedtoratethememoryas“recollected”(vividanddetailed),or“familiar”(lackingdetail).Sometestsshowedsimilarimagepairs,othersunrelatedpairs.Thissetupmeasuredobjectivememorybasedonrecognitionandsubjectivememorybasedonvividness.TheresearchersalsousedfMRI(功能性磁共振成像)tomeasurebrainactivityduringthistask.Theresultsshowedhigherlevelsofobjectivememorywithpairsofsimilarimages,butparticipantsclaimedvividmemoriesmorewithdissimilarpairs.Theyweremorelikelytobasetheirdecisionaboutwhethertokeeporclearanimageonmemoryfeelingratherthanaccuracy.Forexample,apersoncouldhaveavividmemoryofgoingtoaneventwithfriends.Someoftheactualdetailsofthatmemorymightbeabitoff,buttheymayfeelitisavividmemory,sotheymightdecidetogooutwiththesamepeopleagain.ThefMRIdatashowedthatobjectiveandsubjectivememoryengagedvariedregionsofthebrain.Theregionsinvolvedinsubjectiveexperienceswerealsoinvolvedindecisionmaking,supportingtheconnectionbetweenthetwoprocesses.“Byunderstandinghowourbrainsgiverisetovividsubjectivememoriesandmemorydecisions,wearemovingastepclosertounderstandinghowwelearntoevaluatememoryevidencetomakeeffectivedecisionsinthefuture,”saysresearcherAnalizWilliam.英语试题（第5页，共10页）32.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Byanalyzingproblems.C.Byinterpretingfindings.B.Bygivingexamples.D.Bydefiningconcepts.33.Whatwerethevolunteersaskedtododuringthestudy?A.Todrawtheimagestheyhadpreviouslyseen.B.Tocomparedetailsofobjectstheyhadbeenshown.C.Tocategorizetheirmemoryasrecollectedorfamiliar.D.Torecallspecificemotionsrelatedtotheimagesshown.34.Whatdoestheresearchfindoutaboutdecisionmaking?A.Bothtypesofmemoryhavegreatinfluenceonit.B.Ourvividmemoryhelpsusmakewisedecisions.C.Itmainlyreliesonsubjectivememoryevaluation.D.It’sdecidedbytheaccuracyofobjectivememory.35.WhatisAnalizWilliam’sattitudetowardsthestudy?A.Optimistic.B.Tolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Dismissive.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）余选项。Formostofhistory,peoplelivedinsmallgroupsofupto150people.Thenvillagesandsmalltownsdeveloped,offeringsafetyandsupportthroughthesharingofresources.Astimepassed,urbanlivingbroughtadditionaladvantagessuchasbetterjobs,schoolsandhealthcare.Largertownsalsogavepeoplemorechancestomeetandinteract.Thisisimportant.36Today,overhalfoftheworld’spopulationcurrentlylivesintownsandcities.Butthishasresultedinastrangeparadox(悖论).Althoughsocialopportunitiesareonereasonpeoplechoosetoliveinlargecities,researchsuggeststhatcitylifecanbelonely.37Peoplefromallovertheworldcanjoinonlinecommunitiesandmakevirtualfriendswithoutleavingtheirhome.Thedevelopmentofvirtualcommunitiescanbetracedbacktothe1860s.Backthen,telegraphoperatorsexchangedmessagesandgraduallyformedfriendshipsoverlongdistances.38Later,inthe1960s,radiosstartedtoprovideameansofshort-distancecommunicationanddevelopedcommunitieswiththeirownuniquelanguageandusernames.39Computerswerenotverypowerfulyet,sopeoplecouldpostmessagesandsharenewsandstoriesbutnotmusicorphotos.Still,peoplelovedbeingabletomakefriendsonlineandthenhangoutwiththem.Astechnologybecamemorepowerful,onlinecommunitiesforfun,英语试题（第6页，共10页）educationandbusinessemerged,wherepeoplecouldexploreavirtual3Dworld,haveonlinelessons,andevenbuythingswithvirtualmoney.Thesedays,therearethousandsofvirtualcommunitiesandthatnumberkeepsgrowing.Manypeoplebelievetheywillbecomemoreimportant.40Particularly,they’reconcernedthatpostingpersonalinformationonlinemightleadtoalossofprivacy.Soperhapsthefuturewillbemorelikethepast.Peoplewillspendmostoftheirtimeinrealcommunities.A.Thistrend,however,isnotlikelytocontinue.B.AsAristotlesaid,thenatureofhumansistobesocial.C.Thatmayexplainwhyvirtualcommunitiesaresopopular.D.Thefirstpopularonlinecommunitiesdevelopedinthe1980s.E.Beforecellphonesexisted,radiowasaneasywaytocommunicate.F.Nevertheless,othersworryaboutproblemswiththesecommunities.G.Thisisamongtheearliestexamplesofvirtualcommunityinteractions.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）DIvividlyrememberthedaywhenmyhusbandandIsetoffonanewjourneytoTanzania.Hehadbeen41apositionthereasaCivilEngineer.Accompanyinghim,myaimwastofind42,asI’dneverbeenwastogetsettledinthissmalltowncalledDodomaintheajobshortlyafter.Asyoucanimagine,Iwasveryexcited,evenratherabroadbefore.So,myfirstmiddleofTanzania.43Aswegotoffthetrain,however,atsixinthemorning,aladycamerushingalongthetowardsus.Completelyoutofbreath,shesaid,“We’veheardyou’refromEnglandandourschool45needsanEnglishteacher—pleasesayyou’llhelpus.”Ifelttiredand46ashowerafterthejourney.Thoughshockedbyher47,forsomereasonorother,Iagreedto48it!Iwashed,changed,hadaquickbitetoeatandwas49tothetwolocalteachersandmyat8o’clock.Itfeltlikebeingthrownintothedeepend,asmyteachingtimetablebeganat8:30!AlthoughI’dhardlyhadtimetogetmybreath,Inever52mysudden445051decision.Thoughmyentryintothisandgraduallybecamepartofthelocalcommunityinthefollowingyears.I’vebeenfortunateto54lifelongfriendships,whichhasleftalasting55onbothmystudentsandmyself.53wasunexpected,Ifoundjoyinteachingthoseyoungsters英语试题（第7页，共10页）41.A.awarded42.A.disappointed43.A.priority44.A.riverB.offeredC.allowedD.presentedD.uneasyB.dissatisfiedB.worryC.unconcernedC.actionD.responseD.channelB.platformB.suddenlyB.waitedforB.interruptionB.takeC.sidewalkC.desperatelyC.heardaboutC.suggestionC.forget45.A.probably46.A.longedfor47.A.remark48.A.keepD.occasionallyD.worriedaboutD.requestD.quit49.A.introduced50.A.colleagues51.A.exactly52.A.expected53.A.careerB.recommendedB.assistantsB.finallyC.assignedC.studentsC.immediatelyC.delayedD.comparedD.interviewersD.smoothlyD.droppedB.regrettedB.countryC.agreementC.renewD.relationshipD.harvest54.A.valueB.strengthenB.record55.A.commentC.impactD.impression第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Moreyoungpeoplearetryingtheirhandatfarmingthesoil.GuoLan,29,worksinavegetablegreenhouseonhisorganicfarmAnhuiprovince.ItistheeighthtimethissummerthatGuohasfailedtogrowvegetablesusingchemicals.Despitetryingvarioushomemadepestsolutions,suchasplantashandmixturesofpepperandalcohol,thevegetable58(leaf)werestillbeingeatenbyinsects.“Iwillnotgiveup59(try),”the29-year-oldaccountant-turned-farmersays.Heisdeterminedtoturnhisfarminto60organicone,cultivatingfruitsandvegetableswiththesameflavorsas56(locate)inthesuburbandistrictofHefei,EastChina’s57thosefromhischildhoodmemories.“Growingtastyandhealthyfood61(be)mydreamsinceIwasateenager.Iknow62challengingitcanbe,butifyoutakethesoil63(serious),Ibelieveitwillpayoff,”Guosays.Headdsthatfarmingisnotabusinessthatcanmakequickmoney,butforhim,ithasbecomeanupliftingactivitythatbringsbackmemoriesofspendingtimeonthefarmwith64(he)parentsasachild.Guo’spassionfororganicfarmingandcommitmenttoproducinghealthyfoodwillsurelyinspiremoreyoungpeopletoexplore65(sustain)agriculture.英语试题（第8页，共10页）第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）学生们自制的文创礼物。请你用英语写一篇欢迎辞，包括以下内容：1．表示欢迎；2．介绍礼物。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Goodevening,dearfriends!…第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AnInsignificantTaskThedaywhenthejobswerehandedoutwasoneofthemostexcitingforallthechildrenintheclass.Ittookplaceduringthefirstweekoftheterm.Onthatday,everyboyandgirlwasgivenajobforwhichtheywouldberesponsiblefortherestofthatschoolyear.Aswitheverything,somejobsweremoreinterestingthanothers,andthechildrenwereeagertobegivenoneofthebestones.Whengivingthemout,theteachertookintoaccountwhichpupilshadbeenmostresponsibleduringthepreviousyear,andthosechildrenweretheoneswhomostlookedforwardtothisday.Amongthem,Ritastoodout.Shewasakindandquietgirl.Duringthepreviousyearshehadcarriedouttheteacher’sinstructionsperfectly.AllthechildrenknewRitawasthefavouritetobegiventhebestjobofall:tolookaftertheclassdog.Butthisyeartherewasabigsurprise.Eachchildreceivedoneofthenormaljobs,likepreparingthebooksforthelessons,tellingthetime,cleaningtheblackboard,orlookingafteroneofthepets.However,Rita’sjobwasverydifferent.Shewasgivenalittleboxcontainingsomesandandoneant.Eventhoughtheteacherinsistedthatthisantwasaveryspecialant,Ritacouldnothelpfeelingdisappointed.Mostofherclassmatesfeltsorryforher.Theysympathisedwithherandremarkedathowunfairitwasthatshehadbeengiventhatjob.英语试题（第9页，共10页）Yet,Rita,wholikedherteacherverymuch,chosetoproveherworththroughexcellence.“Iwillturnthislittletaskintosomethinggreat,”Ritasaidtoherself.Whatshedidn’tknowwasthattheteacherhadsecretlyenteredherintoarainforestinsectraisingcompetition.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Ritastartedinvestigatingallaboutherlittleant.Onthelastdayoftheschoolyear,theteacherburstintotheclassroomwithexcitement.英语试题（第10页，共10页）2024年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题（一）英语试题参考答案第二部分阅读第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）21.A26.C31.D22.C27.B32.D23.B28.A33.C24.B29.D34.C25.D30.B35.A第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）36.B37.C38.G39.D40.F第三部分语言运用第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）41.B46.A51.C42.D47.D52.B43.A48.B53.A44.B49.A54.D45.C50.C55.C第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）56.located57.without62.how58.leaves59.trying64.his60.an61.hasbeen63.seriously65.sustainable第四部分写作第一节（满分15分）【作答示例】(1)Goodevening,dearfriends!IfeelprivilegedtoextendthewarmestwelcometoteachersandstudentsfromourpartnerschoolinBritainasthestudentrepresentative.Wearedelightedtohaveyouherewithus,sharinginthespiritoffriendshipandculturalexchange.Asatokenofourappreciation,wehaveprepareduniquegiftsforyou,suchasChinesecalligraphybookmarks,clothpandas,andpaper-cuttingartworks,tonamejustafew.Thesearehandmadeculturalproductscraftedbyourstudentswithmuchdedicationandcreativity,notonlyrepresentingtheessenceofChineseculture,butalsoembodyingourtraditionsandvalues.Wehopethegiftswillserveasareminderofyourwonderfultimehere.Onceagain,welcometoourschoolandmayyourstaybefilledwithjoy,learning,andnewfoundfriendships.英语试题答案（第1页，共2页）(2)Goodevening,dearfriends!Welcometoourschoolforthisenrichingculturalexchange.Wearethrilledtohaveyouhereaswelearnfromeachotherandstr