外研版九年级(上)英语第16讲：Unit8-语法(学生篇)

第16讲Unit8语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一般过去时的被动语态被动语态(2):一般过去时的被动语态【语境领悟】仔细观察例句并体会句式结构。①ZhangYiningwasnoticedbycoachWangBiling.②Theywereinvitedtohisbirthdaypartylastweekend.③Bobwasn’tchosenfortheteamlasttime.④Someplayersweren’tcomparedwiththeworld’sbestsportsstars.⑤Howmanystudentswereencouragedtomakespeechesinthecontest?【知识构建】(一)一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构肯定句主语+was/were+动词的过去分词+其他IwasinvitedtoLiLei’sbirthdaypartylastnight.昨晚,我被邀请参加了李雷的生日聚会。否定句主语+wasn’t/weren’t+动词的过去分词+其他Thebooksweren’tsenttous.这些书没有被送给我们。一般疑问句Was/Were+主语+动词的过去分词+其他Werethecarsmendedinthefactory?这些汽车在工厂里被修理过吗?特殊疑问句疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的过去分词+其他Whowaschosenforthebasketballgame?谁被选入篮球队了?(二)被动语态的几种特殊形式1.带双宾语的动词的主动语态与被动语态。谓语动词带双宾语时,既可将间接宾语转化成主语,也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。当用直接宾语作主语时,要根据动词的习惯搭配,在间接宾语前补上介词to或for。(直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人)。例如:Shegavemeabook.→Iwasgivenabookbyher.→Abookwasgiventomebyher.2.带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态。宾语加上宾语补足语构成复合宾语。变被动语态直接把宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语保留在原处,变成主语补足语。E.g.IheardJaneplayingthepianoinherroom.→Janewasheardplayingthepianoinherroom.3.被动语态后动词形式的选择。主动句中在感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice等,及使役动词let,make,have等后跟省略to的不定式,变为被动语态时,应加上不定式符号to。E.g.LastSundayweheardthemsingPekingOperainthetheatre.→TheywereheardtosingPekingOperainthetheatrelastSunday.1.ManybuildingsinLushan______intheearthquakeonApril20th.Itwillsurelybereconstructed(重建)morebeautifully.A.havedestroyed B.aredestroyed C.weredestroyedD.aredestroying2.-Youboughtanewcar!AnAmericancar?-No.AChinesecar.It______inTaizhou.A.makesB.made C.wasmade D.willbemade3.-WhydidTomgotobedsolateyesterday?-Becausehishomework_____ontime.A.didn’tfinish B.finish C.wasn’tfinished D.isn’tfinished4.ItwasreportedthatnineChinesepeople______inaballooncrash(坠毁）inEgyptonFebruary26,2013.A.arekilled B.werekilled C.willkill D.havekilled5.Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeople’slifealotsinceit_____.A.inventsB.invented C.isinvented D.wasinvented基础演练I.句型转换1.Thehospitalwassetupin1972.(改为主动语态)Theworkers_____________________thehospitalin1972.2.Nickwastooyoungtogotoschool.(改为同义句)Nickwasnot_________________togotoschool.3.Whatwaswrongwithyoursister?(改为被动语态)_________________________________________withyoursister?4.Theteachergavetheboyanapple.(改为被动语态)Anapple_________________________theboybytheteacher.2155.Wesawthechildrensingthatmorning.(改为被动语态)Thechildren____________________________thatmorning.4II.用所给单词的正确形式填空完成短文Mybrotherisaverygoodswimmer.Lastyear,whenhewasonly14,he_______(choose)tobeintheschoolswimmingteam.Lastsummerhe_______(win)theschoolswimmingprize.Myparents________(decide)tosendhimtoaspecialsportsschool.Luckily,he________(accept)bytheschoolandwillstartthereinSeptember.Inthenearfuturehe________（train）bysomeofthebestswimmingcoachesinthecountry.Heisveryexcitedandhappyaboutthis.巩固提高阅读对话，完成填空。chooseholdwinA.Linging:Let’sanswerthesequestionsaboutsportintheschoolmagazine.Areyouready?Betty:Sure,Ilovesport.Goon,askmethefirstquestion.Linging:Where(1)________theOlympicGames______in2008?Betty:That’stooeasy!They(2)_________inBeijing.Linging:Andhowmanygoldmedals(3)_______China______attheBeijingOlympics?Betty:Oh,Iknow.Fifty…no,fifty-onegoldmedals(4)__________byChinaattheBeijingOlympics.Linging:Correct,Next,whatcompetition(5)______LiuXiang________atthe2004OlympicGames?Betty:Wasitthehurdles?Linging:Welldone!Yes,itwas.Andonemorequestion.Who(6)___________fortheschoolbasketballteamlastweek?Betty:Ha,ha!Idon’tknow.Let’sgoandfindout.B.Millionsofpeopleacrosstheworld(1)________(watch)the2008BeijingOlympicGames.TheexcellentresultsattheGamesweretheproductsofmanyyearsofhardwork.YoungOlympicplayers(2)____________(train)bytheircoaches.Theirtraining(3)______________(record)and(4)___________(compare)withthoseoftheworld’sbestplayers.Theinformation(5)__________(use)tomaketrainingmethodsbetter.Hardtrainingandpropermethodshelpedmanyplayersbecomesuccessfulatthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.I.单项选择.1.Thebasketballplayer____byhiscoachtotraineveryday.A.wascompared B.advised C.compared D.wasadvised2.Theteamplayedwell,buttheydidnot____thecompetition.A.score B.do C.win D.besuccessful3.MrLi______toworkforthenewcomputercompany.A.wasnoticed B.waschosen C.setup D.held4.UN_____theUnitedNations.A.makes B.spells C.standsfor D.lookslike5.Ourteamlost!We______bytheotherteam.A.noticedB.werebeaten C.wonD.wereencouraged6.Eachyearquitealotoffood____aroundtheworld.It’sreallytimeforustodosomething.A.waswasted B.iswasted C.willbewasted7.He___tostudyharderforthecomingexamyesterday.A.encourage B.isencouraged C.wasencouraged8.ManychildreninBritain___tohavetheirownbankcardslastyear.A.allowed B.areallowed C.wereallowed9.Tom____threechancesinthehighjumpthen.A.give B.amgiven C.wasgiven D.willbegiven10.Annie_____totheparty.Shehadawonderfultimewithus.A.invites B.isinvited C.wasinvited D.hasinvitedII.完形填空Itwasacoldwinter'snightwhenIstoppedforgas(汽油)onmywayhomefromwork.Iwastiredandhadalittle1Iworkedina2doctor'soffice,andduringthosedaysmanyunexpectedthingshappened.ItseemedthatIwasgoingtobelategettinghometoday.Myhusbandwhoisapunctual(守时的~)personwouldbereadyto3.again.Maybe4Ihurried,Icouldstillarrivehomeearlier.Iwasgoinginsideto5formygaswhenInoticedanoldercoupleatthecounter(柜台).Iheardthemaskingfor6tothelocalhospital.ItwasthesamehospitalthatIhadjust7afewminutesago.Atthecounter,ayoungmanwasquite8.Hewastryingto9howtogetthere,withtwootherpeople.Oneofthemwas10.tryingtogivethemawholedifferentrouteback.ItwasthenthatIwalkedovertothecoupleandsaid,"Wouldyouliketofollowmetothe11?"Alookof12appearedonthewoman'sface."I'mgoingrightbythere,"Isaid,anditwasa(n)13sinceIhadjustdecidedtodoexactlythat.Igotintomycarandbeganthejourneyback.Iwastryingtomakethembesuretheywereright14me.Ittookonlyfifteenminutestogetthere.Ifelt15thanIhadalldayandmyheadachewasnearlygone.Later,asIarrivedhome,myhusbandteased(嘲笑),"Soyouaren'teverlateanymore."Isaid,"Sometimesit'sgoodtobelate."1.A.headache B.fever C.cold D.break2.A.foreignB.busy C.crucial D.noisy3.A.relax B.offend C.complain D.appear4.A.while B.since C.as D.if5.A.wait B.look C.care D.search6.A.money B.troubleC.directions D.opinions7.A.risked B.provided C.called D.left8.A.helpfulB.skilled C.confused D.active9.A.imagine B.expect C.explain D.urge10.A.only B.evenC.still D.ever11.A.station B.officeC.hospital D.hotel12.A.panic B.pleasureC.sadness D.peace.13.A.dream B.fact C.reason D.example14.A.behind B.before C.below D.beside15.A.dullerB.quieterC.worseD.better__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I.单项选择1.Tomorrowthere’saprogramaboutourschoolonTV;thenit______bymillionsofpeople.（2015-2016甘肃期中）A.willsee B.saw C.willbeseen D.wasseen2.-----Istheenvironmentgoodaroundyourcity?（2015-2016甘肃期中）-----Yes.Manytreeshereeveryyear.A.areplanted B.plant C.planted D.beplanted3.WhenIwenttosaygoodbyetoAnna,shethepiano.（2015-2016甘肃期中）A.isplaying B.plays C.wasplaying D.played4.MustIstayathomeandlookafterher?.（2015-2016甘肃期中）A.No,youmustn’t B.No,youcan’t C.No,youwon’t D.No,youneedn't5--Whatabeautifulfactory!Iwanttoworkinit.--Well,workers______verymuchhere.（2015-2016甘肃期中）A.need B.areneeding C.areneeded D.willneed6.Thislisteningmaterial,togetherwithitsCD-ROMs,_______well.215A.sells B.sell C.issold D.aresold【：217.Ifyouseethecartoonfilm,youwill______laugh.A.bemade B.bemadeto C.maketo D.make8.Peoplewho______tothepartyareveryexcited.A.haveinvited B.hasbeeninvited C.willinvite D.havebeeninvited9.ManychildreninBritain_________tohavetheirownbankcardsthesedays.A.allow B.allowed C.areallowed D.wereallowed10.--Haveyouheardaboutthatcaraccidentneartheschool?--Yes,luckilynoone_______.A.hurt B.washurt C.hashurt D.werehurtII.阅读理解AWhenyou’recurious(好奇的)aboutsomething,andwanttoknowmoreaboutit,youcanusethewayofaskingquestions.Askingquestionsisthefirststeptomakediscoveriesandfindinterestinganswers.Thestepsbelowcanguideyouduringtheresearch.4Step1Onanotecardorpieceofpaper,writedownthesubjectthatyouareinterestedin.Justgetthemainideadown.Forexample,youmightwrite:Discovermoreaboutdinosaurs.Step2Next,stopandthinkforamomentaboutwhatyoualreadyknowabutyoursubject.Listwhatyoualreadyknowlikethesentencesbelow:(1)Dinosaurslivedlongbeforehumanbeingsappeared.(2)Dinosaurslivedontheearthformorethan150millionyears.(3)Somedinosaursfedon(吃)plants,someonmeat.Step3Whatcanyoudowithwhatyouwanttolearn?Byaskingquestions.Onyourpaper,startwritingdownquestionsaboutthedinosaursasyouthinkofthem:(1)What’sthebestweatherfordinosaurstolivein?(2)Howmanykindsofdinosaursarethere?(3)Havedinosaursreallydisappeared?Step4Armedwithyourlistofquestions,youcannowgotothenearestlibraryorcomputertobeginyourresearch.Asyoulearnmoreaboutyoursubject,you’llprobablydiscoversomenewquestions.Forexample,youmightdiscoverthatdinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.Why?Whathappened?Askingnewquestionscanhelpyouresearchyoursubjectmorewidely.Ifyoualwaysfindsomethinginterestingtoresearch,taketimetoorganize(组织)yourthinkingbyaskinggoodquestions.Andrememberlearningmorealwaysbringsmorequestions.1.Whenyoudosomeresearch,youshouldtakethefollowingsteps:(1)listwhatyouwanttoknow (2)choosearesearchsubject(3)listwhatyoualreadyknow (4)discovernewproblemsA.(4)(3)(2)(1) B.(1)(4)(3)(2) C.(2)(3)(1)(4) D.(3)(2)(4)(1)2.Fromthepassage,weknow.A.dinosaursappearedafterhumanbeingsB.notallthedinosaursfedonmeatC.dinosaurslivedontheearthfor65millionyearsD.dinosaurslivedwarmseason3.Whatdoes“Armedwithyourlistofquestions”mean?A.PuttingyourlistofquestionsunderyourarmB.DiscussingyourquestionswithyourclassmatesC.WritingdownyourlistofquestionsD.Takingyourlistofquestionswithyou4.Accordingtothepassage,whichoneistrue?A.Youcanfindalltheanswersonline(5络上)B.Learnmore,andyou’llhavenoquestionsC.Askingquestionsistheonlywayforresearch21·*5D.Duringtheresearch,youmaykeepfindingnewquestions5.Thebesttitle(标题)forthispassageis“”A.DiscoveringDinosaursB.AskingGoodQuestions3C.FindingSubjects D.LearningStepsBDearVictor,IhavereceivedyourlovingletterfromschoolandIamgladtoknowthatyouarebecomingresponsible(有责任的)enoughtodecideonyourcareer(职业).Youarenowinthefinalyearofhighschoolandaregoingtostartfurthereducationincollege.Youknowthatwebelongtodifferenttimes,andmysociallifeisdifferentfromyours.However,allIcansayasadviceisthatyoumustchooseacareerwisely.Thefirstconsiderationisyourinterest.Youcanonlysucceedandfeelhappywhenyoudosomethingyouenjoy.Youmustgetajobwhichnotonlyprovidesyouwithsomethinguseful,butalsoyouarepleasedwith.Then,youmustreadalotinthefield(领域)youareaimingat.Also,youshouldgettoknowthemenandwomenwhoworkinthatfield.Whenmindandheartworktogether,successisinevitable.Nocareerismoreorlessimportant.IthinkyourinterestmaybeinthefieldofmakingTVprograms.Yourgoodcommunicationskills,yourtakinganactivepartinschoolplaysandtheprizesyouhavewoninspeechcompetitionsallleadyoutothatdirection.SoacareerinMassCommunicationandTVfilmproductionwillbringlucktoyou.Ifyousucceedinthatfield,youwillbecomefamousandrich.8Thinkathousandtimesbeforemakinganyfinaldecisionaboutyourcareer.Afterall,wewantyoutobeamanofsuccess.【：21】Weallknowthatyouareoldenoughtothinkforyourself.Withallthebestwishes!Yourlovingfather1.Wecaninfer(推断)thatVictorwrotealettertoaskforadviceonhowto.A.getgoodmarks B.chooseacareerC.prepareforacompetition D.communicatewithothers2.Theunderlinedword"inevitable"(inPara.2)means.A.bedissatisfiedtoseek B.beeasytorememberC.bedifficulttoget D.besuretohappen3.Thefathermentions"theschoolplays,'and"speechcompetitions"(inPara.3)inorderto.A.showthatheisproudofhissonB.hopehissonshouldworkharderinthisfieldC.tellhissonhecancertainlysucceedinthisfieldD.hint(暗示)hissontoconsiderchoosingthecareerhesuggests214.Thefatherthinksthat.A.everycareerissameimportantB.beingfamousismoreimportantthanbeingrichC.hissonistooyoungtomakeadec