高考英大一轮复习 Unit 4 Earthquakes课时作业（含解析）新人教版必修1

课时作业(四)必修1Unit4EarthquakesⅠ.语音知识1．bathA．pace B．organizeC．chance D．major2．preferA．merchant B．shelterC．concert D．energy3．shockA．dozen B．softC．freedom D．postcard4．pleasureA．burst B．chestC．vast D．usual5．expressA．explanation B．exhibitionC．extreme D．extraⅡ.单词拼写1．Afterthecrash，anambulancetookthe________(受伤者)tohospitalimmediately.2．________(震惊)atthesadnews，myauntstoodtherestill，notknowingwhattosay.3．Hergraduationfromcollegewasagreat________(事件)．Ididnotwanttomiss.4．It’swrongforyoutotake________(遮蔽)underthetreeinthestorm.5．Manypeoplewenttothe________(灾难)areatohelpthevictimsasvolunteersaftertheearthquakehappened.6．WhileIwascookingsupper，the________(电)wentoff.7．Whenthesecondearthquakehappened，someofthe________(援救)workersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.8．Onarrivingthere，weexpressedour________(祝贺)tohimonhissuccess.Ⅲ.单项填空1．(·南京名校阶段考试)—IwonderifIcouldmakealivingbywriting.—________？A．Whocares B．HowdareyouC．Forwhat D．Whynottakeachance2．(·山西太原部分中学高三统一检测)Itcameas________shockthat________firebrokeoutinShanghaiyesterday，killingatleast5people.A．a；a B．a；/C．/；a D．the；the3．(·湖南师大附中一模)Thefirstsuccessfulspacewalkinisanimportanthistorical________inChinesehistory.A．event B．matterC．affair D．incident4．(·江苏两校联考)Accordingtotheagreement，you________befinedifyoufailtomeetthegoal.A．will B．mustC．might D．shall5．(·山东实验中学二模)Youcanneverbe________careful，theroadisicyandslippery.A．very B．tooC．quite D．rather6．(·海口质检)Ireceivedhismother’sphonecallatten.OnlythendidIknowthathewasbadly________inanaccidentthedaybeforeyesterday.A．hurt B．injuredC．harmed D．wounded7．YouaresodependentthatI’mafraidyoucan’tadjustyourselfto________aloneforatime.A．leave B．leavingC．beleft D．beingleft8．(·福建六校二模)Hisbestmovie，________wonseveralawards，wasaboutthelifeofGandhi.A．it B．thatC．where D．which9．Therescueteamhassavedmorethantenpeople________underthecollapsedbuildingssincetheearthquakeoccurredinYa’an.A．trapping B．tobetrappedC．trapped D．havingtrapped10．Thespacesuitscanbeadjustedsothattheteamcanreproducedifferentlevelsofgravityasifthey________inspace.A．are B．hasbeenC．were D．hadbeen11．Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfound________ofthemagain.A．neither B．eitherC．each D．all12．(·山西太原五中模拟)Someparentsarejusttooprotective.Theywantto________theirkidsfromeverykindofdanger，realorimagined.A．spot B．dismissC．shelter D．distinguish13．(·兖州模拟)—Whydoyoulooksoworried?—Mycomputerbrokedownlastweekandmyessayhasbeenleft________since.A．finished B．preparedC．done D．unfinished14．(·厦门模拟)Youwill________yourchancesofgettingapayriseifyoudon’tworkharderthanothers.A．injure B．woundC．harm D．ruin15．(·安徽皖西四校二模)—Hi，Mum.Igotpromotedformywonderfulperformanceinmywork.—________A．Congratulations！ B．Bestwishes.C．Goodluck. D．Don’tmentionit.Ⅳ.阅读理解A(·北京市朝阳区第一学期期末统一考试)MrPeterJohnson，agedtwenty­three，battledforhalfanhourtoescapefromhistrappedcaryesterdaywhenitlandedupsidedowninthreefeetofwater.Hetooktheonlyescaperoute—throughtheboot.MrJohnson’scarhadendedupinaditch(沟渠)atRomneyMarsin，Kentafterhelostpropercontroloniceandhitabank.“Fortunately，thewaterbegantocomeinonlyslowly，”MrJohnsonsaid.“Icouldn’tforcethedoorsopenbecausetheywerejammedagainstthewailsoftheditchanddarednotopenthewindowsbecauseIknewwaterwouldcomefloodingin.”MrJohnson，asweetsalesmanofSittingHome，Kent，firsttriedtoattracttheattentionofothermotoristsbysoundingthehorn(笛)andhammeringontheroofandboot.Thenhebeganhisstruggletoescape.Laterhesaid，“Itwasreallyahalfpennythatsavedmylife.ItwastheonlycoinIhadinmypocketandIusedittounscrewthebackseattogetintotheboot.Ihammereddesperatelywithahammertryingtomakesomeonehear，butnohelpcame.”Ittooktenminutestounscrewtheseat，andafurtherfiveminutestoclearthesweetsamplesfromtheboot.ThenMrJohnsonfoundawrench(扳手)andbegantoworkonthebootlock.Fifteenminutespassedby.“ItwastheonlychanceIhad.Finally_it_gave，butassoonasImovedthebootlid，thewaterandmudpouredin.Iforcedtheliddownintothemudandclimbedupclearasthecarfilledup.”Hishandsandarmscutandbruised，MrJohnsongottoBeckettFarmnearby.Huddledinablanket，hesaid，“Thatthirtyminutesseemedlikehours.”Onlythetipsofthecarwheelswerevisible，policesaidlastnight.Thevehiclehadsunkintotwofeetofmudatthebottomoftheditch.1．WhichofthefollowingobjectsisthemostimportanttoMrJohnson?A．Thehammer. B．Thecoin.C．Theseat. D．Thehorn.2．Weknowfromthepassagethat________.A．MrJohnson’scarstoodonitsbootasitfelldownB．MrJohnson’scaraccidentwaspartlyduetotheslipperyroadC．MrJohnsonstruggledinthepouringmudasheunscrewedthebackseatD．MrJohnsoncouldnotescapefromthedoorbecauseitwasfullofsweetjam3．“Finallyitgave”inParagraph5meansthat________.A．atlastthewrenchwentbrokenB．thechancewaslostatthelastminuteC．thelockcameopenafterallhiseffortsD．luckilythedoorwastornawayintheend4．Whatisthebesttitleforthisnewspaperarticle?A．DriverEscapesthroughCarBootB．TheStoryofMrJohnson，aSweetSalesmanC．TheDriverSurvivedaTerribleCarAccidentD．CarBootCanServeastheBestEscapeRouteB(·四川省绵阳市第三次诊断)Chelyabinsk，Russia—Ameteorite(陨石)movedquicklyacrosstheskyandexplodedovercentralRussiaonFeb.15,，rainingfireballsoveravastareaandcausingashockwavethatsmashedwindows，damagedbuildingsandinjured1,200people.PeopleheadingtoworkinChelyabinskheardwhatsoundedlikeanexplosion，sawabrightlightandthenfelttheshockwave，accordingtoaReutersjournalistintheindustrialcity1,500kmeastofMoscow.Thefireball，travellingataspeedof30kmpersecondaccordingtoRussianspaceagencyRoscosmos，hadblazed(熊熊燃烧)acrossthehorizon，leavingalongwhitetrailthatcouldbeseenasfaras200kmaway.Caralarmswentoff，thousandsofwindowswerebrokenandmobilephonenetworkswereinterruptedforashorttime.TheInteriorMinistrysaidthemeteoriteexplosion，averyrarespectacle，alsoreleasedagreatexplosivesound.“Iwasdrivingtowork.Itwasquitedark，butitsuddenlybecamebrightasifitwereday，”saidViktorProkofiev,36，aresidentofYekaterinburgintheUralsMountains.“IfeltlikeIwasblindedbyheadlights.”Themeteorite，whichweighedabout10tonnesandmayhavebeenmadeofiron，enteredEarth’satmosphereandbrokeapart30km­50kmabovegroundaccordingtoRussia’sAcademyofSciences.“TheenergyreleasedwhenitenteredtheEarth’satmospherewasequaltoafewkilotonnes，”theacademysaid，“thepowerofasmallatomicweaponexploding.”NodeathswerereportedbuttheEmergenciesMinistrysaid20,000rescueandclean­upworkersweresenttoUralsRegionafterPresidentVladimirPutintoldEmergenciesMinisterVladimirPuchkovtoeaseandhelpthevictims.TheInteriorMinistrysaidabout1,200peoplehadbeeninjured，atleast200ofthemchildren，andmostfrombrokenpiecesofglass.5．Whatdowelearnaboutthemeteoritefromthepassage?A．Itisaveryhugeballmadeofiron.B．Itquicklybrokeapartontheground.C．ItexplodedoverRussia’sUralsRegion.D．It’ssimilartoanA­bombinweight.6．Theunderlinedword“smashed”inPara.1isclosestinmeaningto“________”．A．broke B．meltedC．swallowed D．cleared7．Wecanknowfromthepassagethat________.A．Moscowis1,500kilometersawayfromtheeastofChelyabinskB．manyhousesweredestroyed，withlotsofpeoplereportedmissingC．ViktorProkofievbecameblindafterseeingtherarespectacleD．theshockwavebrieflyinfluencedmobilephonenetworks8．Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?A．“MeteoriteRush”BeginsinRussiaB．PresidentPutinOrdersAssistanceC．MeteoriteHitsRussia,1,200PeopleHurtD．MeteoriteFliesQuicklyAcrossRussiaⅤ.书面表达假设你是某中学的学生李华，在学校英语角给全校同学写一封倡议书，主题是“提倡节约，杜绝浪费，从我做起”。内容主要包括：1．珍惜粮食；2.不浪费学习、生活用品；3.合理使用零用钱。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dearfriends，Asweallknow，oneoftoday’shottopicsistoavoidwasting.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely，LiHua课时作业(四)Ⅰ.语音知识1．C2.A3.B4.D5.CⅡ.单词拼写1．injured2.Shocked3.event4.shelter5.disaster6．electricity7.rescue8.congratulationsⅢ.单项填空1．解析：考查交际用语。句意为：——我想知道我是否可以靠写作谋生。——为什么不试一下？根据句意可知，应选D。答案：D2．解析：句意为：昨天发生在上海的一场火灾造成至少5人死亡，这真是让人震惊的事情。“ashock”表示“一件让人震惊的事情”，故第一空用不定冠词a；“afire”泛指“一场火灾”，故第二空也用不定冠词a。答案：A3．解析：考查名词词义辨析。event指“大事件、国际事件或历史上的事件”，符合句意。matter指“亟待考虑或解决的事情，也可称作问题”；affair指“个人或国家的杂事”；incident指“小事件或政治事变”。答案：A4．解析：考查情态动词。句意为：按照协议，如果你没有达到目标，你将会被罚款。shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的承诺、警告、命令等，符合句意。答案：D5．解析：考查副词用法。否定词not、never等与too连用时，意为“再……也不为过，越……越好”，其他几项均无此用法。答案：B6．解析：在意外事故中受伤常用injure。句意为：十点钟时我接到他母亲的电话。直到那时我才知道他在前天的一次意外事故中伤得很严重。答案：B7．解析：考查非谓语动词。主语You与leave是逻辑上的动宾关系；且adjustoneselfto中的to为介词。综合可知，应选D。答案：D8．解析：考查定语从句。句意为：他最好的(那部)电影，获得了好几个奖，内容是关于甘地的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处应为非限制性定语从句的引导词，从句缺少主语，且先行词为物，故用which。答案：D9．解析：考查非谓语动词。morethantenpeople与trap构成逻辑上的被动关系，需用被动语态，可选B、C；再根据句中的hassaved，知trap动作已经完成，故用过去分词。句意为：自从雅安地震发生以来，这个救援小队已经从倒塌的建筑物下救出了10多个人。答案：C10．解析：考查虚拟语气以及asif的用法。根据句中的canbeadjusted，知这些队员现在还没在太空，是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故用were。句意为：这些太空服可以调节以便队员们能模仿不同级别的引力，好像他们在太空似的。答案：C11．解析：句意为：战争中他发脾气且损害了健康；但现在两样都没有了。根据题干中的temper和health，可知设空处指的是两者，故排除D项；each指两者或两者以上的每个，不合句意；题干中出现了never，故排除表否定的neither；never与either连用，表示全部否定，故为正确答案。答案：B12．解析：考查动词辨析。根据前一句中的内容可知父母想给孩子提供“庇护”，让他们避免各种危险，无论是真实的，还是想象的。A项表示“认出；发现”，B项表示“开除；解散”，D项表示“区分”，都不符合语意。答案：C13．解析：考查leave的用法及动词词义的辨析。句式结构：leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语，由上文中“看起来很着急”可知，论文应该还未完成，故选D项。答案：D14．解析：考查动词辨析。ruin可用其引申含义，意为“毁坏”，此时其宾语通常是health，fame，chance等。injure侧重身体上的伤害；wound侧重战场上的刀伤、枪伤等；harm指“对……有害”。答案：D15．解析：考查交际用语。孩子因在工作中表现得好而得到提升，妈妈应该表示“祝贺”，所以选A。答案：AⅣ.阅读理解语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了MrJohnson在自己的车意外坠入三英尺深的沟渠后如何自救逃生的故事。1．解析：细节理解题。根据第四段MrJohnson所说的话“Itwasreallyahalfpennythatsavedmylife.ItwastheonlycoinIhadinmypocket”可知，是一枚硬币(coin)救了他的命，硬币对他极其重要。答案：B2．解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“MrJohnson’scarhadendedupinaditch(沟渠)atRomneyMarsin，Kentafterhelostpropercontroloniceandhitabank.”可推知，可能是由于路滑导致了这起事故。答案：B3．解析：句意理解题。根据第五段第二句“ThenMrJohnsonfoundawrench(扳手)andbegantoworkonthebootlock.”可知，文中画线的it指的是“thebootlock”，此处指他打开了锁。答案：C4．解析：标题概括题。根据对文章的整体理解和第一段的概述可知，本文主要讲的是一位司机在意外坠入三英尺深的沟渠后如何自救逃生的故事，故选A项。答案：A语篇解读文章报道了陨石在俄罗斯乌拉尔地区爆炸，导致1200人受