2024年高考英语复习主题词汇 政治、历史时间及文化渊源和文化遗产

话题二十六政治、历史时间及文化渊源和文化遗产

第一部分话题词汇积累

单词&短语

1.propertyn-------------------------

2.ruinsn--------------------------

3.prospectn._________________

4.prosperityn--------------------------

5.primitiveadj.-------------------------

6.proteinn.________________

7.psychologistn.________________

8.publicationn.--------------------------

9.publicityn--------------------------

lO.pulsen._________________

11.punctuationn._________________

12.purchasev./n.-------------------------

13.pursuev./n._________________

14.qualificationn--------------------------

15.questionnairen--------------------------

16.quotationn._________________

17.radiationn._________________

18.ration._________________

19.rawadj._________________

2O.recallv._________________

21.receiptn.________________

22.receptionn._________________

23.recipen._________________

24.rectanglen._________________

25.recreationn.________________

26.refereen.__________________

27.referencen.________________

28.reflectionn.______________——

29.refundn._________________

30.regionn._________________

31.survivev._________________

32.n.建议；提议；提案；求婚

33.v./n.抗议；反对；申明

34.adj.准时的；守时的；按时的

35.adj.感到困惑的

__________________adj.令人困惑的

36.adj.有资格的；称职的；合格的；有保留的

37.v.争吵；吵架n.口角；争吵

38.n.数量数额；数目；大量；众多

39.n.质量；特性；素质；优质

40.adj.种族的；人种的；种族之间的

41.n.痊愈；复苏；恢复；收回；重新获得

42.n.现实；事实

adj.现实的；实际的；明智的；逼真的

adj.不现实的；不切实际的；空想的

43.adj.合理的，公道的；明智的；过得去的

adv.合理地；适度地；明智地；尚可

adj.不合理的；荒唐的；非明智的；不当的

44.v.认出，辨认出

__________________n.认出，辨认出

45.v.再循环；回收利用；重新使用

46.v.使……振作精神；重新斟满；刷新

47.对.感至IJ自豪______________________________________

48.当众，公开地____________________________________

49.汽车靠边停下____________________________________

列车进站_____________________________________

50.故意地，有意地____________________________________

51.把......放在一边____________________________________

52.提出____________________________________

53.推迟____________________________________

54.putoutthefire_________________

55.putupwith__________________

56.outofquestion___________________

57.outofthequestion_

58.插队_____________________________________

59.辞职/辍学_____________________________________

60.orrather______________________________________

61.culturalrelics____________________________________

62.属于

63.追溯到

64.有……的历史____________________________________

65.保护……免受......____________________________________

66.thepastcivilization____________________________________

67.oneofthewonders____________________________________

68.historicrelics_____________________________________

69.touristattraction_____________________________________

70.outstandingfolkarts______________________________________

词汇拓展

Lrecognizev.认识；认出；辨别出；承认；意识到；（正式）认可，接受，赞成

【搭酉己】recognize...by/from...^.......认出....

recognize...as...承认是；认作

Theythismanwithoutdifficulty.他们毫不费力地认出了这个人。

Shethetuneatonce.她马上听出了这支曲子。

Theydon'tthenewgovernment.他们不承认这个新政府。

Thefilmisnowasaclassic.如今，这部电影被公认为是一部经典影片。

【联想】recognitionn.认识，认出；承认

2.putaside把……放在一边；搁置；把……留待以后使用；抛开，忘记，忽视，搁置（感情或争执）

Hehadalotofmoneyforretirement.他已经为退休存了一笔数目相当可观的钱了。

Shetookupasliceofbread,brokeitnervously,thenit.

她拿起一片面包，焦虑不安地把它掰碎，又放在一边。

Weshouldourdifferencesanddiscussthethingswehaveincommon.

我们应当抛开分歧，讨论一下我们的共同点。

【联想】putup举起，挂起；搭建

putsb.up为某人安排住宿

puton穿上，戴上；上演

putaway把...放好

putoff推迟,拖延

putdown把...放下，记下；平息

putout扑灭：伸出

putinto把...放进....;把....译成....

putone*sheartinto全神贯注于

putanendto结束

putback拨回(时钟);推迟；阻碍

putupwith容忍

活学活用

一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

l.Ifyouhavenotkeptapetparrotbefore,itwouldbewise(purchase)ahandbookonthesubject.

2.Thelibraryisuniqueanditsbreak-upwouldbesadreflectiononthevalueweplaceonourheritage.

3.Assheturnedbackshecaughtthe(puzzle)lookonhermother'sface.

4.Teachers(qualify)toteachinEnglandarenotacceptedinScotlandandviceversa.

5.Teacherscanonlybeexpectedtodowhatis(reason)andpracticable.

二、翻译句子

1.约翰被公认为是全校最好的足球运动员。(recognize)

2.我为自己能在别人有困难时帮助他人而自豪。(pride)

3.到目前为止学生们已经提出了一系列问题。(putforward)

4.我要是你的话，我会毫不犹豫地接受挑战。(outofquestion)

参考答案

单词&短语

1.财产；所有权2.废墟3.前途，前景4.成功，繁荣5.原始的6.蛋白质7.心理学家8.出版物9.关注，宣传10.脉搏

11.标点符号12.购买13.追求14.资格，资格证书15.问卷调查16.引语17.放射，辐射18.比例；比率19.未加工的；

生的20.回忆；召回21.收据，收条22.接待；招待会23.处方；秘诀；食谱24.长方形25.消遣，娱乐26.裁判员27.

提及；参考28.映像；反射；思考29.退款30.地区;范围31.幸存32.proposal33.protest34.punctual

35.puzzled;puzzling36.qualified37.quarrel38.quantity39.quality40.racial41.recovery42.reality;realistic;unrealistic43.

reasonable;reasonably;unreasonable44.recognize（s）e;recognition45.recycle46.refresh47.beproudof/takepridein48.in

public49.pullover;pullin50.onpurpose51.putaside52.putforward53.putoff54.灭火55.忍受56.毫无疑问57.不可能;

办不到；无法接受58.jumpaqueue59.quitajob/quitschool60.更确切地说61.文化遗产62.belongto

63.datebackto/from64.haveahistoryof65.protect...from...66.过去的文明67.奇迹之一68.历史遗产69.旅游胜地

70.优秀民间艺术

词汇拓展

1.recognized;recognized;recognize;recognized

2.putaside;put,aside;putaside

活学活用

一、l.topurchase2.a3.puzzled4.qualified5.reasonable

二、l.Johnisrecognizedasthebestfootballerintheschool.

2.1takeprideinhelpingotherswhentheyareintrouble.

3.Thestudentshaveputforwardaseriesofquestionssofar.

4.1fIwereyouIwouldoutofquestionacceptthechallengewithouttheleasthesitation.

第二部分话题阅读训练

（A）阅读理解

InventedintheTangDynastyandwidelyadoptedaftertheSongDynastyinFujian,thewatertight-bulkhead（水密舱壁）

technologypermitstheconstructionofocean-goingshipswithwatertightcompartments（隔层）.Ifoneortwocabinsare

accidentallydamagedatsea,waterwillnotfloodtheothercabinsandtheshipswillremainafloat.

Theexperienceandworkingmethodsofwatertight-bulkheadtechnologyaretransmittedorallyfrommasterto

apprentices.However,theneedforChinesejunks（中国式帆船）hasdecreasedsharplyaswoodenshipshavebeenreplaced

bysteel-hulledships,andtodayonlythreemasterscanclaimfullcommandofthistechnology.Associatedbuildingcosts

havealsoincreasedowingtoashortageinrawmaterials.Therefore,theinheritance（继承）ofthisheritageisdecreasing,

andinheritorsareforcedtoseekalternativeemployment.

ZhangGuohui,a77-year-oldinheritorofthewatertight-bulkheadtechniquesusedtomakeChinesejunks,hasbeen

makingshipsformorethansixdecades.ComingfromapoorfamilyinafishingtowninEastChina'sFujianProvince,

Zhangstartedtomakealivingattheageof16fishingontheopenseas,whichiswherehedevelopedakeeninterestin

constructingboats.Asafastlearner,ZhangwaslatersenttoshipyardsinthecitiesofQuanzhouandXiameninFujian

Province,wherehereceivedtrainingandbecameamasteroftraditionalChinesejunksandgainedfamebecauseofhis

extremelyskilledcraftsmanshipintheconstructionofthesejunks.

Infearthatthetraditionalskillswoulddiesomeday,Zhangstartedtorestoreoldshipsandmakemodeljunksforthe

museumwithhis20yearsofshipbuildingskills."TherestoredancientshipsarethehistoricalwitnessesofQuanzhouasa

maritimecenteroftheEastandSoutheastAsiatradenetwork,saidZhang,addingthathefindstheworkmeaningfulsince

youngergenerationscanlearnfromexhibitionsofancientshipsthattheirancestorshadadvancedshipbuildingtechnology

atanearlystageofdevelopment.66AslongasI'malive,I'llkeeppassingontheheritage,hesaid.

1.Whatfunctionisexpectedofthewatertight-bulkheadtechnology?

A.Topreventshipsfromsinking.B.Toreducetheweightofships.

C.Toallowshipstosailfaster.D.Tohelpshipsresiststrongwinds.

2.Whichofthefollowingisthepurposeofparagraph2?

A.Toprovethesignificanceofsteel-hulledships.”

B.Tostressthecomplexprocessofbuildingwoodenships.

C.Topresentpeople'seffortstopassdownculturalheritages.

D.Toshowdifficultiesofinheritingwatertight-bulkheadtechnology.

3.WhatcanwelearnaboutZhangGuohuifromparagraph3?

A.Hesupportshisfamilybyfishing.

B.Hewasbornwithatalentforshipbuilding.

C.Hehasdevotedhimselftoconstructingboats.

D.Hehaswonmanyawardsforrestoringancientships.

4.WhatdoesZhangGuohuiconveyinhiswords?

A.Traditionalcultureshouldbeinnovatedwiththetimes.

B.TheancientshiptradeoriginatedfromQuanzhouinChina.

C.Itisnecessaryformodernstudentstolearnshipbuildingskills.

D.Itisworthpassingontraditionalskillsfromgenerationtogeneration.

1.A2.D3.C4.D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发明于唐代，宋代以后在福建被广泛采用的水密舱壁技术，现在随着木船被

钢铁船所取代，今天只有三位大师可以完全掌握这项技术，几近失传，这是宝贵的中国非物质文化遗产。并介绍了

一位致力于该项技术推广与宣传的传承人一张国辉老人。

1.细节理角军题。根据第——段“Ifoneortwocabinsareaccidentallydamagedatsea,waterwillnotfloodtheothercabinsand

theshipswillremainafloat.（如果一两个舱室在海上意外损坏，水不会淹没其他舱室，船只将保持漂浮）”可知，水密

舱壁技术可以在船只部分受损的情况下，仍可以继续保持漂浮不下沉。故选A项。

2.推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Theexperienceandworkingmethodsofwatertight-bulkheadtechnologyaretransmitted

orallyfrommastertoapprentices.However,theneedforChinesejunks（中国式帆船）hasdecreasedsharplyaswooden

shipshavebeenreplacedbysteel-hulledships,andtodayonlythreemasterscanclaimfullcommandofthistechnology.

Associatedbuildingcostshavealsoincreasedowingtoashortageinrawmaterials.Therefore,theinheritance(继承)ofthis

heritageisdecreasing,andinheritorsareforcedtoseekalternativeemployment.(水密舱壁技术的经验和工作方法由师傅

口头传授给徒弟。然而，随着木船被钢壳船所取代，对中国鼬板的需求急剧减少，今天只有三位大师可以声称完全

掌握这项技术。由于原材料短缺，相关的建筑费用也增加了。因此，这一遗产的继承性正在减少，继承者被迫寻找

替代工作)”可知，本段在讲述当今时代传承这项技术的种种困难。故选D项。

3.推理判断题。根据第三段首"ZhangGuohui,a77-year-oldinheritorofthewatertight-bulkheadtechniquesusedtomake

Chinesejunks,hasbeenmakingshipsformorethansixdecades.(继承了制造中国帆船的防水舱壁技术的77岁老人张国

辉，已经有60多年的造船经验)”可知，张国辉老人一生都致力于造船事业。故选C项。

4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“'TherestoredancientshipsarethehistoricalwitnessesofQuanzhouasamaritimecenter

oftheEastandSoutheastAsiatradenetwork/saidZhang,addingthathefindstheworkmeaningfulsinceyounger

generationscanlearnfromexhibitionsofancientshipsthattheirancestorshadadvancedshipbuildingtechnologyatanearly

stageofdevelopment.(张国辉说：’这些被修复的古船是泉州作为东亚和东南亚贸易网络海上中心的历史见证。’他又

补充说他认为这项工作很有意义，因为年轻一代可以从古船展览中了解到他们的祖先在早期发展阶段拥有先进的造

船技术)”可知，老人说这些话表明他认为致力于代代传承这一传统技艺是有意义的，是值得的。故选D项。

(B)语法填空

The53-year-oldcraftswomanJiYulan,aninheritoroftheintangibleheritageofpaper-cuttingfromtheXinjiangUygur

autonomousregion,11(engage)herselfintheartforover40years.

Shemadepaper-cutsofpeoplefromother12(walk)oflife.t4Thepaper-cuttingartcomesfromthefolkandit

shouldreturntothepeople,“Jisaid.Shecreated13paper-cuttingworknamedTheAngelinHarm'sWaytoshow

theimageofanursewhohasherlonghairbackaftercuttingittobetterfitintotheprotectivesuitwhilefightinginthefront

lineagainsttheepidemic.Jiwas14(deep)impressedbythefemalemedicalworkers15(wear)masksand

protectivehats."Womenare16(charm)inlonghairandittakesalotofcouragetocutit,“shesaid.

Jihas12students,17(age)from3to23.“Theydiscoveredtheirinterestinpaper-cuttingandcameto

me18(learn)it,“shesaid,addingthatsheoftenencouragesherstudentstocreateworksbased19reality.

“Youngergenerationshavearealsenseofculturalheritage,andthafs20Iamincrediblyoptimisticaboutthefuture

ofthecraft.

11.hasengaged/hasbeenengaging12.walks13.a14.deeply15.wearing16.charming17.aged

18.tolearn19.on20.why

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了现年五十三岁的姬玉兰继承了新疆维吾尔自治区的非物质文化遗产，从

事剪纸艺术已逾四十年。

11.考查时